Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'court committee'
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TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Local Government (Part II) Apr 7th, 2025
Senate Local Government Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman, members of the committee, my name is James.
- We do have a committee substitute.
- There is a proposed committee substitute, Senator Nicholson.
- The committee substituted Senate Bill 844.
- Good afternoon, Chair, Vice Chair, members of the committee.
Bills:
SB434, SB844, SB898, SB1177, SB1214, SB1454, SB1920, SB1927, SB1935, SB1965, SB2010, SB2046, SB2068, SB2073, SB2183, SB2260, SB3034, SB907
Keywords:
housing authorities, tax exemptions, local government code, multifamily residential development, municipal housing authority, municipal regulation, tree removal, Ashe juniper, military base, property protection, property owners' association, board governance, homeowner regulation, declarant control, assessment limits, guaranteed income, financial assistance, local government, public funds, employment programs
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Local Government convened to discuss significant bills, primarily focusing on SB844, which seeks to reform zoning petition processes to enhance property rights and facilitate housing development. Senator Hughes, the bill's author, advocated that current laws overly empower a minority of landowners to block necessary housing advancements, asserting that such regulations hurt overall housing affordability. Concerns were raised about balancing individual property rights against community needs, with testimonies from builders and housing advocates supporting the bill's aims to streamline zoning decisions and reduce impediments to development.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources (Part II) Mar 26th, 2025
Senate Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
And the Committee on Natural Resources will come to order.
Reminder members, we laid out the bill, sent up the committee
- span>
Okay, and the bill number is Senate Bill 1757 and its committee
Senate Bill 1757 and its committee substitute.
- Public testimony is closed, and the bill and its committee substitute will be left pending.
Keywords:
rock crushing, permits, air quality, environmental monitoring, aggregate production, seismicity, public meeting, land use, oil emergency, gas emergency, liability protection, Railroad Commission, emergency assistance, civil liability, natural resources, SB1757, aggregate production operations, permits, environmental monitoring, public participation
Summary:
The committee meeting was convened to discuss SB1757, which proposed a new standard permit impacting aggregate production operations (APOs) in Texas. Witnesses from various industries, including the Associated General Contractors and the Texas Aggregate and Concrete Association, provided insights supporting the bill while cautioning about potential overreach in regulation. Many expressed gratitude towards the committee members for their collaboration in achieving regulations that could accommodate operational needs while still being protective of community interests. Concerns were raised concerning the proposed public participation measures and the adequacy of environmental monitoring requirements under the new permit structure.
Significant discussions centered around balancing industry growth with community health, particularly regarding air quality and the implementation of best management practices. Some witnesses voiced opposition, insisting that the current version fails to correctly incorporate control requirements and could potentially exacerbate tensions between industry and public health considerations. It was clear that ongoing negotiations were taking place among stakeholders, with a collective aim to refine the bill to better align with both industry and community needs.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Mar 3rd, 2025 at 11:03 am
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- This is my legislative director and committee clerk, Santino Camacho, assisting us in the committee office
- You and I've been many times members of the committee.
- Well, it's one of the priorities of this committee.
- Chairman Darby, members of the committee.
- Chairman, committee members, my name is Mark Stover.
Keywords:
Energy Resources, orphaned wells, produced water, hydrogen production, regulatory policy, environmental concerns, public testimony, Texas energy
Summary:
The House Committee on Energy Resources held its inaugural meeting where members emphasized their commitment to addressing critical issues facing the energy sector in Texas. Chairman Darby initiated discussions focused on legislative priorities, notably the management of inactive and orphaned wells, which have become a significant economic and environmental concern. The committee also discussed the balance between regulatory oversight and industry growth, emphasizing collaborative efforts among members and stakeholders to create effective policy. Testimonies highlighted the importance of tackling concerns related to produced water and ensuring sustainable practices in Texas's vast energy landscape, including innovations in hydrogen production and recycling.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Intergovernmental Affairs Apr 29th, 2025 at 08:04 am
House Intergovernmental Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Thank you, Chairman Bell, members of the committee.
- Thank you, Chairman Bell, members of the committee.
- The Chair offers the committee substitute for House Bill 5677.
- I urge this committee to support this bill.
- Is there any further business for the committee? If not, the Chair adjourns the meeting.
Bills:
HB769, HB2132, HB3383, HB3792, HB5431, HB5682, HB5677, HB5678, HB5680, HB5681, HB5683, HB5684, HB5685, HB5686, HB4078
Keywords:
environmental regulation, sustainability, business compliance, state oversight, local control, pollution, renewable resources, grant program, neighborhood organization, pedestrian infrastructure, Texas Department of Housing, financial assistance, pedestrian infrastructure, neighborhood organizations, Texas Department of Housing, grants, urban development, safety, pedestrian infrastructure, grant program
Summary:
The meeting focused on the presentation and discussions around several House Bills, notably HB769, which aims to enhance pedestrian safety by providing funding for the construction of sidewalks and other pedestrian infrastructure in disadvantaged areas. Representative Gervin Hawkins presented the bill passionately, highlighting the necessity of sidewalks as basic infrastructure that supports community health and mobility. Testimony from various stakeholders, including local officials and community advocates, supported the bill, emphasizing the urgent need for improved pedestrian pathways due to rising pedestrian fatalities in Texas. Several bills were left pending as discussions were extensive, indicating ongoing negotiations and considerations.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
The Senate Committee on Border Security will now come to order.
- hearing of the Senate Committee on Border Security for the 8th and 9th legislature session.
And then our committee clerk is Truman.
- But he also serves in the criminal justice system and on the Justice Committee as well.
- I'm excited to be on the Border Security Committee.
Keywords:
Operation Lone Star, border security, Texas Military Department, drug smuggling, federal policy, apprehensions, public safety, human trafficking
Summary:
The meeting of the Border Security Committee was marked by intensive discussions surrounding the ongoing initiatives related to Operation Lone Star. Members shared updates on border security measures, underscoring the significant operational changes resulting from shifts in federal policies. General Salter provided extensive insights into the deployment of state resources, highlighting the 5,000 active personnel engaged in various border control operations. The various strategies employed for enhancing surveillance and interdicting drug smuggling were also covered, emphasizing the importance of strong collaboration between state and federal agencies.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman, members of the committee, my name is Glenn.
- committee substitute for House Bill 4187.
- There is a committee substitute that just corrects a drafting error.
- Senator Johnson sends up a committee substitute for House Bill.
- I know there are other committees going on, and we do have pending business.
Keywords:
border region, infrastructure, economic development, government operations, education, historical documents, Texas Constitution, Texas Declaration of Independence, Alamo, cultural preservation, Texas-Mexico border, apprenticeship program, information technology, historic preservation, economic development, public testimony
Summary:
The meeting of the Economic Development Committee featured extensive discussions on several bills focused on streamlining processes, improving technology education, and preserving historical sites. House Bill 1240 was presented to unify the definition of the Texas-Mexico border region, which drew no objections during the public testimony segment. Another significant bill discussed was HB2768, aimed at establishing an IT apprenticeship credential to address workforce shortages in state government, indicating a proactive approach to enhancing the state's technical capabilities. The chair emphasized the importance of these initiatives in bolstering both education and economic capacity within Texas.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Culture, Recreation & Tourism Apr 3rd, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Culture, Recreation & Tourism Committee
Transcript Highlights:
Thank you, committee members.
We urge the committee to reject the committee substitute
- Chair offers a committee substitute.
- That committee substitute is also in your inboxes as well.
- Is there any objection to the adoption of the committee substitute?
Keywords:
construction, wildlife impact, height restrictions, national wildlife refuge, environmental regulations, oyster mariculture, HB3724, ecological balance, migratory birds, construction regulations, environmental protection, public testimony
Summary:
The meeting focused on the discussion of several bills, with members engaging in detailed commentary on the implications of each legislative proposal. Notably, House Bill 3724, aimed at supporting oyster mariculture along the Texas coast, was highlighted by Representative Villalobos, who provided insights into its potential ecological benefits. Public testimony was sought, and Representative de Villalobos garnered support from environment advocates who emphasized the importance of maintaining healthy oyster populations for ecological balance. The discussion around this bill reflected a collaborative approach to environmental legislation, indicating a consensus on the need for sound management practices.
In addition, House Bill 3556 was introduced, which mandates notification to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department for the construction of tall structures that may pose risks to migratory birds. Representative Flores expressed concerns over potential exemptions for spaceflight structures, indicating the complexities of balancing development with environmental protection. The meeting concluded with several bills left pending, emphasizing a commitment to careful scrutiny and consideration of the legislative impacts before final decisions are made.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Pensions, Investments & Financial Services Apr 23rd, 2025 at 10:04 am
House Pensions, Investments & Financial Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman and members of the committee for the opportunity.
- Chairman, members of the committee.
- Good evening, Chairman Lambert, Vice Chair Plesa, and members of the committee.
- Good evening, Chair, Vice Chair, and members of the committee.
- Hearing none, the committee substitute is adopted.
Bills:
HB886, HB1514, HB2434, HB2688, HB2802, HB3161, HB3221, HB4029, HB4339, HB4774, HB4802, HB4853, HB5627, SB1737, HB4591
Keywords:
retirement, supplemental payment, benefits, Employees Retirement System, eligible annuitants, legislation, annuity, retirement, service credit, Employees Retirement System of Texas, employee benefits, pension reform, public retirement systems, municipality pensions, firefighters, police officers, retirement age, DROP program, actuarial studies, pension benefits
Summary:
During the meeting, the committee discussed several important bills focused on state employee pensions, the education sector, and consumer credit resources. One of the main topics was HB886, which proposes a 13th check for state retirees to help alleviate financial challenges faced by those who have not seen any pension adjustments for over a decade. The bill received support from various stakeholders who emphasized its necessity given the rising costs of living and inflation. Additionally, HB3221 was examined, addressing unequal pension contributions between traditional school districts and charter schools, which has placed undue financial burdens on charter schools since 2019. The bill aims to unify the contribution rates to ensure fairness and retain essential funding for education.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman Dean, we, members of the committee...
- Chairman and committee members.
- Services Committee last night till pretty...
- We're honored to work with this committee in that regard.
- The committee stands in recess.
Keywords:
health impact analysis, cost analysis, coverage mandates, health insurance, legislative analysis, health care data, education, funding, classroom resources, teacher support, student outcomes, health benefits, provider dentists, payment reimbursement, insurance code, noncontracting, dental care, reimbursement, health benefit plans, noncontracting providers
Summary:
The House Committee on Insurance convened a meeting focusing on critical legislative objectives aimed at insurance reform. Noteworthy discussions emerged around HB138, which aims to address cost reduction in health insurance and increase transparency in the reporting of private insurance costs. The committee members emphasized the need to identify cost drivers and cut unnecessary regulations while also working on effective methods to deliver insurance benefits efficiently. There were extensive remarks made regarding the implications of insurance mandates on overall costs, bring forth a call for a thorough evaluation and revision of existing mandates that may result in unintended consequences.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs Mar 24th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- I do have a committee substitute to explain later.
- Chairman, Vice Chair, committee members.
- slide, slide 17, for the committee.
- Chairman and committee members. We're available.
- Chairman Perry, Vice Chairman Hancock, members of the committee.
Keywords:
Senate Bill 7, water supply, infrastructure, Texas, public testimony, accountability, stakeholders, legislation
Summary:
This meeting of the Senate Committee on Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs focused on substantial discussions regarding Senate Bill 7, which is a key legislative initiative addressing Texas' long-term water supply crisis. Chairman Perry emphasized the collaborative efforts over the past years to engage various stakeholders in crafting the bill, promoting transparency and accountability in the management of water resources. The bill aims to enhance Texas' water infrastructure and secure funding through dedicated revenue streams for water supply projects, as the state faces challenges associated with dwindling water availability. Several public testimonies were heard, reflecting both support and concerns from various sectors affected by water policies in the state. The committee aimed to ensure that the legislation not only addresses immediate needs but also creates a sustainable framework for future generations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Environmental Regulation Apr 24th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House Environmental Regulation Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman and members of the committee, my name is Marie Camino.
- We respectfully urge the committee to favorably report this bill.
- At this time, the chair withdraws the committee substitute to HB3333.
- I'm coming over from another committee, but appreciate this bill.
- Chairman and members, I have been in front of this committee.
Bills:
HB1730, HB1823, HB2048, HB2266, HB2440, HB3333, HB4086, HB4271, HB4413, HB4839, HB4841, HB5151
Keywords:
concrete crushing, hospital safety, environmental regulation, construction industry, permitting process, recycling, beverage containers, environmental protection, refund program, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, rock crushing, concrete, permit processing, environmental regulation, priority applications, motor vehicle, air quality, energy source, engine, state implementation plan
Summary:
The committee meeting was focused on several key legislative matters, including the discussion of HB1904 concerning littering associated with balloon releases, which was presented favorably and passed unanimously. Additionally, the elimination of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection and Maintenance Program was discussed within the context of HB5033, with a substitute motion adopted and passed. The meeting featured public testimony, allowing interested parties to share their views during a structured testimony period, ensuring all voices were heard within the limited timeframe. Overall, the members expressed a cooperative spirit aimed at addressing community concerns through legislation.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine the nominations of Preston Griffith, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary, and Dario Gil, of New York, to be Under Secretary for Science, both of the Department of Energy. Apr 10th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- The committee will now come to order.
- two nominees before the committee: Preston Wills Griffith
- Sagama will not be appearing before this committee today.
- The rules of the committee require that all nominees appearing before this committee be sworn in.
- Thank you, Chairman Lee, Ranking Member Heinrich, and distinguished members of this committee.
Keywords:
nominations, Undersecretary of Energy, Undersecretary of Science, Preston Griffith, Dario Gil, energy policy, scientific innovation
Summary:
The meeting was convened to discuss several significant nominations, particularly focusing on Preston Wills Griffith III for Undersecretary of Energy and Dr. Dario Gil for Undersecretary of Science. The committee underscored the importance of these roles in shaping American energy policy and scientific innovation. The discussion highlighted the nominees' backgrounds, with Griffith having extensive experience at the Department of Energy and the White House, and Gil bringing expertise in quantum technology and energy research. Members expressed a strong desire to understand the nominees' perspectives on current challenges facing the energy sector, including regulatory mandates and national security concerns. The meeting concluded with a commitment to ensuring thorough evaluations of the candidates and their proposed approaches to pressing issues.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Thank you, senators and members of this committee.
- Thank you, senators and members of this committee.
- Thank you, committee members. Thank you for having me.
- The finance committee will stand recess.
- We thank this committee for allocating...
Bills:
SB1
Keywords:
appropriations, budget, state funding, education, healthcare, infrastructure, health services, maternal health, recovery housing, behavioral health, intellectual disabilities, funding requests
Summary:
The meeting focused on public testimony regarding key health and human services issues affecting various groups in Texas. Notable discussions included funding requests for recovery housing, maternal health programs, and behavioral health services. Testimonies addressed the urgent need for additional resources to improve recovery housing availability, with advocates pushing for an increase in the number of accredited recovery homes and mentioning that Texas currently ranks low in recovery housing access. Similar testimonies highlighted the rising maternal mortality rates, particularly among minority populations, and the necessity for robust funding for maternal health initiatives. The session also saw voices advocating for better support for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, emphasizing the critical need for transformed waiver services and improved provider accountability.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Apr 7th, 2025 at 12:00 pm
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Thank you, Chairman and committee members.
- The committee substitute is withdrawn.
- Thank you, committee members.
- The chair offers the committee substitute.
- The chair offers the committee substitute.
Keywords:
inactive wells, oil and gas regulation, environmental protection, Railroad Commission of Texas, well plugging, Railroad Commission, penalties, violations, pipeline safety, civil penalties, criminal penalties, environmental protection, wildfire prevention, oil and gas, safety inspections, administrative penalties, Railroad Commission of Texas, excavation, notification, utilities
Summary:
The meeting of the House Committee focused predominantly on House Bill 3791, which aims to reform the notification requirements for excavators before commencing work. Representative Batson introduced the bill, emphasizing the need to update Texas's current 48-hour notification system to align with 45 other states, where the notification period is typically two business days. The bill aims to enhance public safety and streamline the excavation process, allowing for a more efficient and timely communication system among excavators and utility locators. During the discussions, Vice Chair Morales raised concerns regarding equitable enforcement and the absence of penalties for locators if deadlines aren't met, which led to a more in-depth conversation about enhancing responsibility across parties involved in the excavation process.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Land & Resource Management Apr 24th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House Land & Resource Management Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Lalani and honorable committee members.
- and moves that the committee substitute be adopted.
- Committee substitute? Yes, I have a committee substitute. Thank you very much.
- Members of the committee, I'm sorry, both all of you.
- Good evening, chairman, committee, and vice chairman.
Bills:
SB840, HB2025, HB2512, HB3139, HB3798, HB3892, HB4373, HB4398, HB4582, HB4689, HB5187, HB5658, HB5666
Keywords:
municipality, extraterritorial jurisdiction, residents rights, local governance, petition, Edwards Aquifer, municipal utility district, bond issuance, county authority, water management, Ashe juniper, tree removal, municipal regulation, military base, property rights, environmental impact, county regulation, infrastructure planning, subdivisions, building codes
Summary:
The meeting focused heavily on discussions surrounding affordable housing, particularly through the lens of House Bill 4398. Representative Garcia-Hernandez presented the bill, which aims to streamline the permitting process for low-income housing projects, thus reducing the timeline municipalities typically take to approve or deny permits by 50%. This bill is viewed as critical given the pressing issues related to low-income housing availability in Texas. Public testimony included supportive evidence from various stakeholders, highlighting the urgent need for expedited permits to align construction timelines with strict tax credit requirements. Experts from the Texas Affiliation of Affordable Housing Providers also underscored that permitting delays create significant financial risks, complicating the completion of necessary housing units.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Licensing & Administrative Procedures Apr 1st, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Licensing & Administrative Procedures Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Chair Phelan's office of the committee substitute.
- Paul, do you have a committee substitute before the committee? If you all have it...
- Good afternoon, Chairman Phelan, esteemed members of the committee.
- I'm available to answer questions from the committee.
- I understand that this committee...
Keywords:
cosmetology, licensure, interstate compact, state regulations, public safety, workforce mobility, charitable raffles, nonprofit, wildlife conservation, ticket sales, fundraising, master electrician, electrical work, occupational licensing, work scope, Texas law, motor vehicle, booting regulation, vehicle immobilization, parking
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused primarily on several key bills, including HB2286, HB1562, and HB1732, which were reported favorably to the full House with the recommendation that they do pass and be printed. Representative Hernandez notably contributed to the discussions on HB1562 and HB1732, both concerning massage therapy regulations. Furthermore, the committee heard discussions on HB491 regarding civil penalties for massage therapy violations and HB11 relating to occupation licensing reciprocity agreements. Most bills passed with unanimous support, indicating a strong consensus among committee members on these legislative issues.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs Mar 3rd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
The Senate Committee on Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs will
- Today is a special day to hold a hearing at this committee.
- Good morning, Chair and committee members.
There was a committee substitute.
- The chair lays out the committee substitute.
Keywords:
Texas Water Day, water management, public utilities, emergency response, Senate Bill 790, SB971, SB1066, community projects
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs convened to discuss multiple key pieces of legislation focused on water management, emergency response, and related matters commemorating Texas Water Day. Notably, Senate Bill 790, introduced by Senator Alvarado, seeks to implement a simplified resolution process for tenant complaints regarding water discrepancies, which could reduce lengthy administrative hearings. During the session, several bills were passed without opposition, including SB971, which cleaned up inconsistent definitions related to rural political subdivisions, and SB1066, which amended payment and performance bond thresholds, promoting more local vendor access for community projects. The discussions revealed the committee's intent to streamline processes and better address the ongoing challenges faced in water management and emergency services, which are becoming increasingly critical in the face of climate change and resource scarcity.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Higher Education May 13th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Higher Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Today, he wishes to testify before the committee.
- The committee substitute is withdrawn.
- offers the committee substitute.
- Chairman, Madam Vice Chair, members of the committee.
- Is there any further business for the committee to address?
Keywords:
sexual harassment, sexual assault, dating violence, stalking, higher education, student safety, orientation policies, health physics, higher education, workforce development, nuclear energy, radiological safety, scholarship, education, Texas Leadership Scholars Program, higher education, student funding, transparency, higher education, degree requirements
Summary:
The Committee on Higher Education convened to discuss several significant pieces of legislation aimed at enhancing educational outcomes and access in Texas. A notable discussion was around SB2431, which seeks to improve access to foreign language courses through study abroad programs, as demand for such skills continues to grow in various industries. Additionally, SB2786 was presented, aimed at exempting certain public officers from assessment requirements under the Texas Success Initiative, to better accommodate their professional training and development needs. The meeting showcased a range of witnesses and testimonies in support of these initiatives, reflecting the committee's commitment to addressing educational barriers for students and professionals alike.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- I understand there is a committee substitute.
- Members, there is a committee substitute.
- Public testimony will be on the committee substitute.
- Thank you, Chairman King and esteemed members of the committee.
- Senator Johnson sends up a committee substitute for Senator Burton.
Bills:
SB1071, SB1444, SB1483, SB1556, SB1703, SB1756, SB1854, SB2036, SB2133, SB2297, SB2622, SB2779, SB2955, SB2979
Keywords:
municipality, tax revenue, hotel project, convention center, economic development, hotel tax, municipal authority, convention center, economic development, local governments, municipality, hotel tax, convention center, tax revenue, local authority, hotel tax, convention centers, municipality, economic development, tax revenue
Summary:
The committee meeting featured a comprehensive discussion surrounding several bills, notably SB1756, SB2297, and SB1483, which are aimed at restructuring hotel occupancy tax revenues and convention center funding in various municipalities. Senators expressed strong opinions about SB1756, with Senator Birdwell highlighting that limiting project financing zone revenues could severely impact cities like Fort Worth and hinder ongoing tourism development efforts. Meanwhile, local leaders from Pflugerville and Anna spoke in favor of bills supporting regional economic growth and infrastructure investment, emphasizing the increasing need for enhanced convention facilities to accommodate rising populations and attract events.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Madam Chair, there is a committee substitute.
- Senator Perry sends up the committee substitute to HJR7.
- Your substitute, the committee substitute to the H.J.R. as far as...
- Good morning Madam Chair, committee.
- Vice Chair, committee members, and your staff. My name is Tom Ensminger.
Keywords:
alcohol, taxation, reporting requirements, sales, distribution, death tax, inheritance tax, estate tax, property transfer, constitutional amendment, water fund, Texas water supply, constitutional amendment, state revenue, infrastructure, water infrastructure, HJR7, Texas Water Plan, funding, desalination
Summary:
The meeting focused on HJR7, with substantial discussions surrounding Texas' dire water infrastructure needs and proposed funding allocations. The committee, led by Chairman Perry, emphasized the necessity for a dedicated funding source to address an estimated $154 billion required for both water supply projects and repairing aging infrastructure. Witnesses, including executives from various engineering and environmental organizations, testified about the critical state of Texas' water systems and the anticipated shortfall of 6.8 million acre-feet of water annually by 2070. Testimony highlighted the urgency of implementing strategies such as desalination and flood mitigation to secure Texas' future water resources.