Rhode Island 2023 Regular Session

Rhode Island Senate Bill S0170 Compare Versions

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99 S TATE OF RHODE IS LAND
1010 IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY
1111 JANUARY SESSION, A.D. 2023
1212 ____________
1313
1414 A N A C T
1515 RELATING TO PUBLIC UTILITIES AND CARRIERS -- NET-METERING
1616 Introduced By: Senators Murray, Euer, Kallman, Valverde, Miller, Britto, Lawson,
1717 Lauria, and DiMario
1818 Date Introduced: February 16, 2023
1919 Referred To: Senate Commerce
2020
2121
2222 It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows:
2323 SECTION 1. Sections 39-26.4-2 and 39-26.4-3 of the General Laws in Chapter 39-26.4 1
2424 entitled "Net Metering" are hereby amended to read as follows: 2
2525 39-26.4-2. Definitions. 3
2626 Terms not defined in this section herein shall have the same meaning as contained in 4
2727 chapter 26 of this title. When used in this chapter: 5
2828 (1) “Community remote net-metering system” means a facility generating electricity using 6
2929 an eligible net-metering resource that allocates net-metering credits to a minimum of one account 7
3030 for a system associated with low- or moderate-income housing eligible credit recipients, or three 8
3131 (3) eligible credit-recipient customer accounts, provided that no more than fifty percent (50%) of 9
3232 the credits produced by the system are allocated to one eligible credit recipient, and provided further 10
3333 at least fifty percent (50%) of the credits produced by the system are allocated to the remaining 11
3434 eligible credit recipients in an amount not to exceed that which is produced annually by twenty-12
3535 five kilowatt (25 KW) AC capacity. The community remote net-metering system may transfer 13
3636 credits to eligible credit recipients in an amount that is equal to or less than the sum of the usage of 14
3737 the eligible credit recipient accounts measured by the three-year (3) average annual consumption 15
3838 of energy over the previous three (3) years. A projected annual consumption of energy may be used 16
3939 until the actual three-year (3) average annual consumption of energy over the previous three (3) 17
4040 years at the eligible credit recipient accounts becomes available for use in determining eligibility 18
4141 of the generating system. The community remote net-metering system may be owned by the same 19
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4545 entity that is the customer of record on the net-metered account or may be owned by a third party. 1
4646 (2) “Electric distribution company” shall have the same meaning as § 39-1-2, but shall not 2
4747 include Block Island Power Company or Pascoag Utility District, each of whom shall be required 3
4848 to offer net metering to customers through a tariff approved by the public utilities commission after 4
4949 a public hearing. Any tariff or policy on file with the public utilities commission on the date of 5
5050 passage of this chapter shall remain in effect until the commission approves a new tariff. 6
5151 (3) “Eligible credit recipient” means one of the following eligible recipients in the electric 7
5252 distribution company’s service territory whose electric service account or accounts may receive 8
5353 net-metering credits from a community remote net-metering system. Eligible credit recipients 9
5454 include the following definitions: 10
5555 (i) Residential accounts in good standing. 11
5656 (ii) “Low- or moderate-income housing eligible credit recipient” means an electric service 12
5757 account or accounts in good standing associated with any housing development or developments 13
5858 owned or operated by a public agency, nonprofit organization, limited-equity housing cooperative, 14
5959 or private developer that receives assistance under any federal, state, or municipal government 15
6060 program to assist the construction or rehabilitation of housing affordable to low- or moderate-16
6161 income households, as defined in the applicable federal or state statute, or local ordinance, 17
6262 encumbered by a deed restriction or other covenant recorded in the land records of the municipality 18
6363 in which the housing is located, that: 19
6464 (A) Restricts occupancy of no less than fifty percent (50%) of the housing to households 20
6565 with a gross, annual income that does not exceed eighty percent (80%) of the area median income 21
6666 as defined annually by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD); 22
6767 (B) Restricts the monthly rent, including a utility allowance, that may be charged to 23
6868 residents, to an amount that does not exceed thirty percent (30%) of the gross, monthly income of 24
6969 a household earning eighty percent (80%) of the area median income as defined annually by HUD; 25
7070 (C) Has an original term of not less than thirty (30) years from initial occupancy. 26
7171 Electric service account or accounts in good standing associated with housing 27
7272 developments that are under common ownership or control may be considered a single low- or 28
7373 moderate-income housing eligible credit recipient for purposes of this section. The value of the 29
7474 credits shall be used to provide benefits to tenants. 30
7575 (iii) “Educational institutions” means public and private schools at the primary, secondary, 31
7676 and postsecondary levels. 32
7777 (4) “Eligible net-metering resource” means eligible renewable energy resource, as defined 33
7878 in § 39-26-5 including biogas created as a result of anaerobic digestion, but, specifically excluding 34
7979
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8282 all other listed eligible biomass fuels. 1
8383 (5) “Eligible net-metering system” means a facility generating electricity using an eligible 2
8484 net-metering resource that is reasonably designed and sized to annually produce electricity in an 3
8585 amount that is equal to, or less than, the renewable self-generator’s usage at the eligible net-4
8686 metering system site measured by the three-year (3) average annual consumption of energy over 5
8787 the previous three (3) years at the electric distribution account(s) located at the eligible net-metering 6
8888 system site. A projected annual consumption of energy may be used until the actual three-year (3) 7
8989 average annual consumption of energy over the previous three (3) years at the electric distribution 8
9090 account(s) located at the eligible net-metering system site becomes available for use in determining 9
9191 eligibility of the generating system. The eligible net-metering system may be owned by the same 10
9292 entity that is the customer of record on the net-metered accounts or may be owned by a third party 11
9393 that is not the customer of record at the eligible net-metering system site and which may offer a 12
9494 third-party, net-metering financing arrangement or net-metering financing arrangement, as 13
9595 applicable. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter, any eligible net-metering 14
9696 resource: (i) Owned by a public entity, educational institution, hospital, nonprofit, or multi-15
9797 municipal collaborative or (ii) Owned and operated by a renewable-generation developer on behalf 16
9898 of a public entity, educational institution, hospital, nonprofit, or multi-municipal collaborative 17
9999 through a net-metering financing arrangement shall be treated as an eligible net-metering system 18
100100 and all accounts designated by the public entity, educational institution, hospital, nonprofit, or 19
101101 multi-municipal collaborative for net metering shall be treated as accounts eligible for net metering 20
102102 within an eligible net-metering system site. 21
103103 (6) “Eligible net-metering system site” means the site where the eligible net-metering 22
104104 system or community remote net-metering system is located or is part of the same campus or 23
105105 complex of sites contiguous to one another and the site where the eligible net-metering system or 24
106106 community remote net-metering system is located or a farm in which the eligible net-metering 25
107107 system or community remote net-metering system is located. Except for an eligible net-metering 26
108108 system owned by or operated on behalf of a public entity, educational institution, hospital, 27
109109 nonprofit, or multi-municipal collaborative through a net-metering financing arrangement, the 28
110110 purpose of this definition is to reasonably assure that energy generated by the eligible net-metering 29
111111 system is consumed by net-metered electric service account(s) that are actually located in the same 30
112112 geographical location as the eligible net-metering system. All energy generated from any eligible 31
113113 net-metering system is, and will be considered, consumed at the meter where the renewable energy 32
114114 resource is interconnected for valuation purposes. Except for an eligible net-metering system 33
115115 owned by, or operated on behalf of, a public entity, educational institution, hospital, nonprofit, or 34
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119119 multi-municipal collaborative through a net-metering financing arrangement, or except for a 1
120120 community remote net-metering system, all of the net-metered accounts at the eligible net-metering 2
121121 system site must be the accounts of the same customer of record and customers are not permitted 3
122122 to enter into agreements or arrangements to change the name on accounts for the purpose of 4
123123 artificially expanding the eligible net-metering system site to contiguous sites in an attempt to avoid 5
124124 this restriction. However, a property owner may change the nature of the metered service at the 6
125125 accounts at the site to be master metered in the owner’s name, or become the customer of record 7
126126 for each of the accounts, provided that the owner becoming the customer of record actually owns 8
127127 the property at which the account is located. As long as the net-metered accounts meet the 9
128128 requirements set forth in this definition, there is no limit on the number of accounts that may be net 10
129129 metered within the eligible net-metering system site. 11
130130 (7) “Excess renewable net-metering credit” means a credit that applies to an eligible net-12
131131 metering system or community remote net-metering system for that portion of the production of 13
132132 electrical energy beyond one hundred percent (100%) and no greater than one hundred twenty-five 14
133133 percent (125%) of the renewable self-generator’s own consumption at the eligible net-metering 15
134134 system site or the sum of the usage of the eligible credit recipient accounts associated with the 16
135135 community remote net-metering system during the applicable billing period. Such excess 17
136136 renewable net-metering credit shall be equal to the electric distribution company’s avoided cost 18
137137 rate, which is hereby declared to be the electric distribution company’s standard-offer service 19
138138 kilowatt hour (KWh) charge for the rate class and time-of-use billing period (if applicable) 20
139139 applicable to the customer of record for the eligible net-metering system or applicable to the 21
140140 customer of record for the community remote net-metering system. The commission shall have the 22
141141 authority to make determinations as to the applicability of this credit to specific generation facilities 23
142142 to the extent there is any uncertainty or disagreement. 24
143143 (8) “Farm” shall be defined in accordance with § 44-27-2, except that all buildings 25
144144 associated with the farm shall be eligible for net-metering credits as long as: (i) The buildings are 26
145145 owned by the same entity operating the farm or persons associated with operating the farm; and (ii) 27
146146 The buildings are on the same farmland as the project on either a tract of land contiguous with, or 28
147147 reasonably proximate to, such farmland or across a public way from such farmland. 29
148148 (9) “Hospital” means and shall be defined and established as set forth in chapter 17 of title 30
149149 23. 31
150150 (10) “Multi-municipal collaborative” means a group of towns and/or cities that enter into 32
151151 an agreement for the purpose of co-owning a renewable-generation facility or entering into a 33
152152 financing arrangement pursuant to subsection (14). 34
153153
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156156 (11) “Municipality” means any Rhode Island town or city, including any agency or 1
157157 instrumentality thereof, with the powers set forth in title 45. 2
158158 (12) “Net metering” means using electrical energy generated by an eligible net-metering 3
159159 system for the purpose of self-supplying electrical energy and power at the eligible net-metering 4
160160 system site, or with respect to a community remote net-metering system, for the purpose of 5
161161 generating net-metering credits to be applied to the electric bills of the eligible credit recipients 6
162162 associated with the community net-metering system. The amount so generated will thereby offset 7
163163 consumption at the eligible net-metering system site through the netting process established in this 8
164164 chapter, or with respect to a community remote net-metering system, the amounts generated in 9
165165 excess of that amount will result in credits being applied to the eligible credit-recipient accounts 10
166166 associated with the community remote net-metering system. 11
167167 (13) “Net-metering customer” means a customer of the electric distribution company 12
168168 receiving and being billed for distribution service whose distribution account(s) are being net 13
169169 metered. 14
170170 (14) “Net-metering financing arrangement” means arrangements entered into by a public 15
171171 entity, educational institution, hospital, nonprofit, or multi-municipal collaborative with a private 16
172172 entity to facilitate the financing and operation of a net-metering resource, in which the private entity 17
173173 owns and operates an eligible net-metering resource on behalf of a public entity, educational 18
174174 institution, hospital, nonprofit, or multi-municipal collaborative, where: (i) The eligible net-19
175175 metering resource is located on property owned or controlled by the public entity, educational 20
176176 institution, hospital, or one of the municipalities, as applicable; and (ii) The production from the 21
177177 eligible net-metering resource and primary compensation paid by the public entity, educational 22
178178 institution, hospital, nonprofit, or multi-municipal collaborative to the private entity for such 23
179179 production is directly tied to the consumption of electricity occurring at the designated net-metered 24
180180 accounts. 25
181181 (15) “Nonprofit” means a nonprofit corporation as defined and established through chapter 26
182182 6 of title 7, and shall include religious organizations that are tax exempt pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 27
183183 501(d). 28
184184 (16) “Person” means an individual, firm, corporation, association, partnership, farm, town 29
185185 or city of the state of Rhode Island, multi-municipal collaborative, or the state of Rhode Island or 30
186186 any department of the state government, governmental agency, or public instrumentality of the 31
187187 state. 32
188188 (17) “Project” means a distinct installation of an eligible net-metering system or a 33
189189 community remote net-metering system. An installation will be considered distinct if it is installed 34
190190
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193193 in a different location, or at a different time, or involves a different type of renewable energy. 1
194194 (18) “Public entity” means the federal government, the state of Rhode Island, 2
195195 municipalities, wastewater treatment facilities, public transit agencies, or any water distributing 3
196196 plant or system employed for the distribution of water to the consuming public within this state 4
197197 including the water supply board of the city of Providence. 5
198198 (19) “Renewable net-metering credit” means a credit that applies to an eligible net-6
199199 metering system or a community remote net-metering system up to one hundred percent (100%) of 7
200200 either the renewable self-generator’s usage at the eligible net-metering system site or the sum of 8
201201 the usage of the eligible credit-recipient accounts associated with the community remote net-9
202202 metering system over the applicable billing period. This credit shall be equal to the total kilowatt 10
203203 hours of electrical energy generated up to the amount consumed on-site, and/or generated up to the 11
204204 sum of the eligible credit-recipient account usage during the billing period multiplied by the sum 12
205205 of the distribution company’s: 13
206206 (i) Standard-offer service kilowatt-hour charge for the rate class applicable to the net-14
207207 metering customer, except that for remote public entity and multi-municipality collaborative net-15
208208 metering systems that submit an application for an interconnection study on or after July 1, 2017, 16
209209 and community remote net-metering systems, the standard-offer service kilowatt-hour charge shall 17
210210 be net of the renewable energy standard charge or credit; 18
211211 (ii) Distribution kilowatt-hour charge; 19
212212 (iii) Transmission kilowatt-hour charge; and 20
213213 (iv) Transition kilowatt-hour charge. 21
214214 Notwithstanding the foregoing, except for systems that have requested an interconnection 22
215215 study for which payment has been received by the distribution company, or if an interconnection 23
216216 study is not required, a completed and paid interconnection application, by December 31, 2018, the 24
217217 renewable net-metering credit for all remote public entity and multi-municipal collaborative net-25
218218 metering systems shall not include the distribution kilowatt-hour charge commencing on January 26
219219 1, 2050. 27
220220 (20) “Renewable self-generator” means an electric distribution service customer of record 28
221221 for the eligible net-metering system or community remote net-metering system at the eligible net-29
222222 metering system site which system is primarily designed to produce electrical energy for 30
223223 consumption by that same customer at its distribution service account(s), and/or, with respect to 31
224224 community remote net-metering systems, electrical energy which generates net-metering credits to 32
225225 be applied to offset the eligible credit-recipient account usage. 33
226226 (21) “Third party” means and includes any person or entity, other than the renewable self-34
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230230 generator, who or that owns or operates the eligible net-metering system or community remote net-1
231231 metering system on the eligible net-metering system site for the benefit of the renewable self-2
232232 generator. 3
233233 (22) “Third-party, net-metering financing arrangement” means the financing of eligible 4
234234 net-metering systems or community remote net-metering systems through lease arrangements or 5
235235 power/credit purchase agreements between a third party and renewable self-generator, except for 6
236236 those entities under a public entity net-metering financing arrangement. A third party engaged in 7
237237 providing financing arrangements related to such net-metering systems with a public or private 8
238238 entity is not a public utility as defined in § 39-1-2. 9
239239 (23) "Multi-unit property" means a residential building with more than one residential unit 10
240240 serviced by individual electric meters. 11
241241 39-26.4-3. Net metering. 12
242242 (a) The following policies regarding net metering of electricity from eligible net-metering 13
243243 systems and community remote net-metering systems and regarding any person that is a renewable 14
244244 self-generator shall apply: 15
245245 (1)(i) The maximum allowable capacity for eligible net-metering systems, based on 16
246246 nameplate capacity, shall be ten megawatts (10 MW), effective sixty (60) days after passage. The 17
247247 aggregate amount of net metering in the Block Island Utility District doing business as Block Island 18
248248 Power Company and the Pascoag Utility District shall not exceed a maximum percentage of peak 19
249249 load for each utility district as set by the utility district based on its operational characteristics, 20
250250 subject to commission approval; and 21
251251 (ii) Through December 31, 2018, the maximum aggregate amount of community remote 22
252252 net-metering systems built shall be thirty megawatts (30 MW). Any of the unused MW amount 23
253253 after December 31, 2018, shall remain available to community remote net-metering systems until 24
254254 the MW aggregate amount is interconnected. After December 31, 2018, the commission may 25
255255 expand or modify the aggregate amount after a public hearing upon petition by the office of energy 26
256256 resources. The commission shall determine within six (6) months of such petition being docketed 27
257257 by the commission whether the benefits of the proposed expansion exceed the cost. This aggregate 28
258258 amount shall not apply to any net-metering financing arrangement involving public entity facilities, 29
259259 multi-municipal collaborative facilities, educational institutions, the federal government, hospitals, 30
260260 or nonprofits. By June 30, 2018, the commission shall conduct a study examining the cost and 31
261261 benefit to all customers of the inclusion of the distribution charge as a part of the net-metering 32
262262 calculation. 33
263263 (2) For ease of administering net-metered accounts and stabilizing net-metered account 34
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267267 bills, the electric distribution company may elect (but is not required) to estimate for any twelve-1
268268 month (12) period: 2
269269 (i) The production from the eligible net-metering system or community remote net-3
270270 metering system; and 4
271271 (ii) Aggregate consumption of the net-metered accounts at the eligible net-metering system 5
272272 site or the sum of the consumption of the eligible credit-recipient accounts associated with the 6
273273 community remote net-metering system, and establish a monthly billing plan that reflects the 7
274274 expected credits that would be applied to the net-metered accounts over twelve (12) months. The 8
275275 billing plan would be designed to even out monthly billings over twelve (12) months, regardless of 9
276276 actual production and usage. If such election is made by the electric distribution company, the 10
277277 electric distribution company would reconcile payments and credits under the billing plan to actual 11
278278 production and consumption at the end of the twelve-month (12) period and apply any credits or 12
279279 charges to the net-metered accounts for any positive or negative difference, as applicable. Should 13
280280 there be a material change in circumstances at the eligible net-metering system site or associated 14
281281 accounts during the twelve-month (12) period, the estimates and credits may be adjusted by the 15
282282 electric distribution company during the reconciliation period. The electric distribution company 16
283283 also may elect (but is not required) to issue checks to any net-metering customer in lieu of billing 17
284284 credits or carry-forward credits or charges to the next billing period. For residential-eligible net-18
285285 metering systems and community remote net-metering systems twenty-five kilowatts (25 KW) or 19
286286 smaller, the electric distribution company, at its option, may administer renewable net-metering 20
287287 credits month to month allowing unused credits to carry forward into the following billing period. 21
288288 (3) If the electricity generated by an eligible net-metering system or community remote 22
289289 net-metering system during a billing period is equal to, or less than, the net-metering customer’s 23
290290 usage at the eligible net-metering system site or the sum of the usage of the eligible credit-recipient 24
291291 accounts associated with the community remote net-metering system during the billing period, the 25
292292 customer shall receive renewable net-metering credits, that shall be applied to offset the net-26
293293 metering customer’s usage on accounts at the eligible net-metering system site, or shall be used to 27
294294 credit the eligible credit-recipient’s electric account. 28
295295 (4) If the electricity generated by an eligible net-metering system or community remote 29
296296 net-metering system during a billing period is greater than the net-metering customer’s usage on 30
297297 accounts at the eligible net-metering system site or the sum of the usage of the eligible credit-31
298298 recipient accounts associated with the community remote net-metering system during the billing 32
299299 period, the customer shall be paid by excess renewable net-metering credits for the excess 33
300300 electricity generated up to an additional twenty-five percent (25%) beyond the net-metering 34
301301
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304304 customer’s usage at the eligible net-metering system site, or the sum of the usage of the eligible 1
305305 credit-recipient accounts associated with the community remote net-metering system during the 2
306306 billing period; unless the electric distribution company and net-metering customer have agreed to 3
307307 a billing plan pursuant to subsection (a)(2). 4
308308 (5) The rates applicable to any net-metered account shall be the same as those that apply 5
309309 to the rate classification that would be applicable to such account in the absence of net metering, 6
310310 including customer and demand charges, and no other charges may be imposed to offset net-7
311311 metering credits. 8
312312 (b) The commission shall exempt electric distribution company customer accounts 9
313313 associated with an eligible net-metering system from back-up or standby rates commensurate with 10
314314 the size of the eligible net-metering system, provided that any revenue shortfall caused by any such 11
315315 exemption shall be fully recovered by the electric distribution company through rates. 12
316316 (c) Any prudent and reasonable costs incurred by the electric distribution company 13
317317 pursuant to achieving compliance with subsection (a) and the annual amount of any renewable net-14
318318 metering credits or excess renewable net-metering credits provided to accounts associated with 15
319319 eligible net-metering systems or community remote net-metering systems, shall be aggregated by 16
320320 the distribution company and billed to all distribution customers on an annual basis through a 17
321321 uniform, per-kilowatt-hour (KWh) surcharge embedded in the distribution component of the rates 18
322322 reflected on customer bills. 19
323323 (d) The billing process set out in this section shall be applicable to electric distribution 20
324324 companies thirty (30) days after the enactment of this chapter. 21
325325 (e) Electricity generated during a billing period from an eligible net-metering system or 22
326326 community remote net-metering system, serving a multi-unit property, shall be allocated as net-23
327327 metering credits to common areas of the property and to individually metered accounts 24
328328 proportionally between the units and common areas based on historical data and then allocated 25
329329 between the units based on the size of the unit. 26
330330 (f) A property owner with eligible net-metering systems with a master meter may allocate 27
331331 excess net-metering credits to any meter on the property. This subsection shall apply to meters in 28
332332 the property owner's name or those with the owner listed as the customer of record. 29
333333 SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon passage. 30
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340340 EXPLANATION
341341 BY THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL
342342 OF
343343 A N A C T
344344 RELATING TO PUBLIC UTILITIES AND CARRIERS -- NET-METERING
345345 ***
346346 This act would redefine the term "eligible net-metering system" by removing the references 1
347347 to the three (3) year average annual consumption of energy over the previous three (3) years at the 2
348348 electric distribution account(s) located at the eligible net-metering system site. The act would also 3
349349 allow a property owner with eligible net-metering systems with a master meter to allocate excess 4
350350 net-metering credits to any meter on the property. This allocation would apply to meters in the 5
351351 property owner's name or those with the owner listed as the customer of record. 6
352352 This act would take effect upon passage. 7
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