Rhode Island 2025 Regular Session

Rhode Island House Bill H5124 Compare Versions

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55 2025 -- H 5124
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99 S T A T E O F R H O D E I S L A N D
1010 IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY
1111 JANUARY SESSION, A.D. 2025
1212 ____________
1313
1414 A N A C T
1515 RELATING TO CRIMINAL PROCEDURE -- THE RHODE ISLAND FIRST STEP ACT
1616 Introduced By: Representatives J. Lombardi, Hull, Ajello, Potter, Stewart, and Felix
1717 Date Introduced: January 22, 2025
1818 Referred To: House Judiciary
1919
2020
2121 It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows:
2222 SECTION 1. Policy and findings. 1
2323 The general assembly finds and declares that sentence reductions for various inmates 2
2424 serving lengthy terms of imprisonment are appropriate and hereby enacts chapter 19.4 of title 12 in 3
2525 furtherance of that finding. 4
2626 SECTION 2. Title 12 of the General Laws entitled "CRIMINAL PROCEDURE" is hereby 5
2727 amended by adding thereto the following chapter: 6
2828 CHAPTER 19.4 7
2929 THE RHODE ISLAND FIRST STEP ACT 8
3030 12-19.4-1. Short title. 9
3131 This chapter shall be known and cited as "The Rhode Island First Step Act". 10
3232 12-19.4-2. Definitions. 11
3333 As used in this chapter: 12
3434 (1) "Department" means the Rhode Island department of corrections. 13
3535 (2) "Eligible elderly inmate" means an inmate in the custody of the department: 14
3636 (i) Who is not less than sixty-five (65) years of age; 15
3737 (ii) Who has served at least two-thirds (2/3) of the term of imprisonment to which the 16
3838 inmate was sentenced and in the case of an inmate serving a life sentence, that has served at least 17
3939 the minimum term of years required before parole eligibility; and 18
4040 (iii) Who does not have a history of violence while incarcerated, has not attempted to 19
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4444 escape or escaped during the inmate's term of imprisonment and who has not engaged in conduct 1
4545 which would place the individual at substantial risk of re-offending or endangering any person if 2
4646 released to pre-release confinement. 3
4747 (3) "Eligible terminally ill inmate" means an inmate in the custody of the department: 4
4848 (i) Who has been determined by a licensed physician approved by the department to be: 5
4949 (A) In need of care at a nursing home, intermediate care facility, or assisted living facility 6
5050 as those terms are defined in the National Housing Act § 232, (12 U.S.C. 1715w); or 7
5151 (B) Diagnosed with a terminal illness. 8
5252 (ii) Who has served at least two-thirds (2/3) of the term of imprisonment to which the 9
5353 inmate was sentenced and in the case of an inmate serving a life sentence, that has served at least 10
5454 the minimum term of years required before parole eligibility; and 11
5555 (iii) Who does not have a history of violence while incarcerated, has not attempted to 12
5656 escape or escaped during the inmate's term of imprisonment and who has not engaged in conduct 13
5757 which would place the individual at substantial risk of re-offending or endangering any person if 14
5858 released to pre-release confinement. 15
5959 (4) "Functional literacy" means an eighth-grade equivalence in reading and mathematics 16
6060 on a nationally recognized standardized test or functional competency or literacy on a nationally 17
6161 recognized criterion-referenced test. 18
6262 (5) "Prerelease custody" means and shall include home confinement, a residence in a 19
6363 community treatment center, restitution center, mental health facility, alcohol or drug rehabilitation 20
6464 center or other community facility or halfway house under the supervision of the department. 21
6565 (6) "Terminal illness" means a disease or condition with an end-of-life trajectory. 22
6666 12-19.4-3. Sentencing factors to be considered. 23
6767 The court, in determining whether to impose a term of imprisonment for any inmate 24
6868 convicted of a crime, shall consider the following: 25
6969 (1) The seriousness of the offense, the history and characteristics of the inmate, the need 26
7070 for rehabilitation, substance abuse treatment, mental health treatment, the need for educational or 27
7171 vocational training and the inmate's prior criminal history. 28
7272 (2) Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter or the provisions of rules of criminal 29
7373 procedure for the superior court of Rhode Island, rule 35, a judgment of conviction that includes 30
7474 such a sentence constitutes a final judgment for all other purposes. 31
7575 12-19.4-4. Dignity for female inmates. 32
7676 (a) The department shall not shackle any female inmate who is pregnant while incarcerated. 33
7777 This ban shall continue for a period of three (3) months after the ending of the pregnancy. 34
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8181 (b) The department shall provide and make available to all female inmates sanitary napkins 1
8282 and tampons at no cost. 2
8383 12-19.4-5. Modification of an imposed term of imprisonment. 3
8484 (a) The court may modify a term of imprisonment, upon motion of the department or upon 4
8585 motion of the inmate if it finds that: 5
8686 (1) Extraordinary and compelling reasons warrant such a reduction; or 6
8787 (2) The inmate is at least sixty-five (65) years of age, has served at least two-thirds (2/3) 7
8888 of the sentence for the offense or offenses for which the inmate is currently imprisoned, and a 8
8989 determination has been made by the director that the inmate is not a danger to the safety of any 9
9090 other person or the community. 10
9191 (b) The court may modify an imposed term of imprisonment to the extent otherwise 11
9292 expressly permitted by statute or by the rules of criminal procedure for the superior court of Rhode 12
9393 Island, rule 35. 13
9494 (c) In the case of an inmate who has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment based on a 14
9595 sentencing provision that has subsequently been reduced, the court may reduce the term of 15
9696 imprisonment, after considering the factors set forth in this section. 16
9797 12-19.4-6. Notification requirements- Modification based on terminal illness. 17
9898 Notification. The department shall, subject to any applicable confidentiality requirement, 18
9999 in the case of an inmate diagnosed with a terminal illness: 19
100100 (1) Not later than seventy-two (72) hours after the diagnosis, notify the inmate's attorney, 20
101101 family members, or health care designee of the inmate's condition and advise them that they may 21
102102 prepare a request for sentence reduction on the inmate's behalf; 22
103103 (2) Not later than seven (7) days after the date of the diagnosis, provide the inmate's 23
104104 attorney, family members, or health care designee an opportunity to visit the inmate in person, 24
105105 regardless of whether the inmate is being housed in a prison facility or hospital; 25
106106 (3) Upon request from the inmate, family member or health care designee, ensure that the 26
107107 department personnel assist the inmate, if not represented by counsel, in the preparation, drafting 27
108108 and submission of a motion for sentence reduction, or assist them in preparing a request that counsel 28
109109 be appointed to represent the inmate if the inmate otherwise qualifies for the services of the public 29
110110 defender or court appointed counsel; 30
111111 (4) Not later than fourteen (14) days of receipt of a request for a sentence reduction, process 31
112112 said request; and 32
113113 (5) Ensure that all department facilities regularly and visibly post, including in inmate 33
114114 handbooks, staff training manuals and materials, facility law libraries and medical and hospice 34
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118118 facilities, and make available to inmates upon demand, notice of: 1
119119 (i) An inmate's ability to request a sentence reduction pursuant to this chapter; 2
120120 (ii) The procedures and timelines for initiation and resolving requests for sentence 3
121121 reductions; and 4
122122 (iii) The right to reapply to the parole board sixty (60) days after denial of application 5
123123 pursuant to § 13-8.1-4. 6
124124 12-19.4-7. Release of an inmate. 7
125125 (a) An inmate shall be released by the department on the date of the expiration of the 8
126126 inmate's term of imprisonment, less any time credited toward the service of the inmate's sentence 9
127127 as provided in subsection (b) of this section. If the date for an inmate's release falls on a Saturday, 10
128128 Sunday, or legal holiday, the inmate shall be released by the department on the last preceding 11
129129 weekday. 12
130130 (b) An inmate who is serving a term of imprisonment of more than one year, other than a 13
131131 term of imprisonment for the duration of the inmate's life, may receive credit toward the service of 14
132132 the inmate's sentence, beyond the time served, of up to one-hundred twenty (120) days at the end 15
133133 of each year of the inmate's term of imprisonment, beginning at the end of the first year of the term, 16
134134 subject to determination by the department that, during that year, the inmate has displayed 17
135135 exemplary compliance with institutional disciplinary regulations. In the case of an inmate serving 18
136136 a life sentence, the inmate may receive credit toward their parole eligibility date of up to seventy-19
137137 five (75) days at the end of each year. No inmate shall receive credit toward the service of their 20
138138 sentence if the department determines that, during that year, the inmate has not satisfactorily 21
139139 complied with the institutional regulations, or has incurred disciplinary infractions in violation of 22
140140 any institutional regulation. Provided, however, the department may award the inmate such lesser 23
141141 credit as the department determines to be appropriate after considering the nature and frequency of 24
142142 the violations. The department shall also consider whether the inmate, during the relevant period, 25
143143 has earned, or is making satisfactory progress toward earning, a high school or college diploma or 26
144144 equivalent degree or has worked in prison industries, in any form of employment, during the period 27
145145 of their incarceration. 28
146146 (c) The department shall ensure that it has in effect an optional general educational 29
147147 development (GED) program for inmates who have not earned a high school diploma or its 30
148148 equivalent. 31
149149 (d) The department shall ensure that an inmate serving a term of imprisonment spends a 32
150150 portion of the final months of that term, but in no event not more than twelve (12) months, in pre-33
151151 release custody, under conditions that will afford that inmate a reasonable opportunity to adjust to 34
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155155 and prepare for the reentry of that inmate into the community. 1
156156 (e) The authority under this chapter may be used to place an inmate in pre-release custody 2
157157 for a term of ten percent (10%) of the remaining term of imprisonment of that inmate or six (6) 3
158158 months, whichever is longer. The department shall place inmates with lower risk levels and lower 4
159159 needs on home confinement for the maximum amount of time permitted under this subsection. 5
160160 Those inmates who are not considered to be low risk levels or those not with lower needs shall also 6
161161 be considered for pre-release custody; provided that, the term in pre-release custody shall not 7
162162 exceed five percent (5%) of the remaining term of imprisonment of that inmate or four (4) months, 8
163163 whichever is longer. 9
164164 (f) The division of parole and probation shall, to the extent practicable, offer assistance 10
165165 with job placement, counseling services and medical services to an inmate during pre-release 11
166166 custody pursuant to subsection (e) of this section. 12
167167 (g) The department shall promulgate rules and regulations to implement the provisions of 13
168168 this chapter pursuant to this section not later than ninety (90) days after the effective date of this 14
169169 chapter, which shall ensure that placement in pre-release custody in a community is: 15
170170 (1) Conducted in a manner consistent with this section; 16
171171 (2) Determined on an individual basis; and 17
172172 (3) Of sufficient duration to provide the greatest likelihood of successful reintegration into 18
173173 the community. 19
174174 12-19.4-8. Allotment of clothing, funds and transportation. 20
175175 Upon the release of an inmate on the expiration of the inmate's term of imprisonment, the 21
176176 department shall furnish the inmate with: 22
177177 (1) Suitable clothing; 23
178178 (2) If the inmate is considered indigent, an amount of money, not more than five hundred 24
179179 dollars ($500), determined by the department to be consistent with the needs of the inmate and the 25
180180 public interest; and 26
181181 (3) Transportation to the inmate's bona fide residence within the state; provided, however, 27
182182 that no transportation shall be provided to a place outside of this state if the inmate is a Rhode 28
183183 Island resident or if the inmate has not obtained approval from the department to transfer inmate's 29
184184 probation/parole to another state. 30
185185 12-19.4-9. Mandatory functional literacy requirement. 31
186186 (a) The department shall have in effect a mandatory functional literacy program for all 32
187187 mentally capable inmates who are not functionally literate in each correctional institution within 33
188188 six (6) months from the effective date of this chapter. 34
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192192 (b) Each mandatory functional literacy program shall include a requirement that each 1
193193 inmate participate in such program for a mandatory period sufficient to provide the inmate with an 2
194194 adequate opportunity to achieve functional literacy, and appropriate incentives which lead to 3
195195 successful completion of such programs shall be developed and implemented. 4
196196 (c) Non-English speaking inmates shall be required to participate in an English-as-a-second 5
197197 language program until they function at an eighth grade equivalence on a nationally recognized 6
198198 educational achievement test, or until the expiration of their sentence, whichever comes first. 7
199199 12-19.4-10. Release from confinement. 8
200200 (a) The department shall establish pre-release planning procedures that help inmates 9
201201 acclimate back into society. The planning procedures shall include providing inmates with 10
202202 information in the areas of education, vocational training, employment opportunities, the 11
203203 availability of medical care, mental health and substance abuse counseling and community 12
204204 resources that would otherwise assist them upon their release. 13
205205 (b) The department shall inform a person who is released from prison and required to 14
206206 register under the sexual offender registration and community notification requirements of chapter 15
207207 37.1 of title 11 as they apply to that person. 16
208208 (c) The department shall assist inmates, prior to release from a term of imprisonment, in 17
209209 obtaining a social security card, driver's license or other official photo identification, and a birth 18
210210 certificate. 19
211211 (d) The department, the state and its agencies, officers, and employees shall be immune 20
212212 from liability based on good faith conduct in carrying out the provisions of this section. 21
213213 12-19.4-11. Recidivism prevention. 22
214214 (a) In order to prevent recidivism, increase public safety, rebuild ties between inmates and 23
215215 their families and to encourage the development of and expand the availability of the evidence 24
216216 based programs such as substance abuse treatment, the department, through its division of probation 25
217217 and parole, shall provide sufficient transitional services for up to one year to include education, 26
218218 vocational training, employment opportunities, the availability of medical care, mental health and 27
219219 substance abuse counseling and community resources that would otherwise assist them upon their 28
220220 release. 29
221221 (b) In order to achieve these goals, the department shall: 30
222222 (1) Assess each inmate's skill level, including academic, vocational, health, cognitive, 31
223223 interpersonal, daily living, and related reentry skills, at the beginning of the term of imprisonment 32
224224 of that inmate to identify any areas in need of improvement prior to reentry; 33
225225 (2) Generate a skills development plan for each inmate to monitor skills enhancement and 34
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229229 reentry readiness throughout incarceration; 1
230230 (3) Ensure that priority is provided to the reentry needs of high-risk populations, such as 2
231231 sex offenders, career criminals, and inmates with mental health problems; 3
232232 (4) Coordinate and collaborate with other agencies including the department of health and 4
233233 criminal justice community-based organizations, and faith-based organizations to assist in 5
234234 effectuating a seamless reintegration of inmates into communities; 6
235235 (5) Collect information regarding an inmate's family relationships, parental 7
236236 responsibilities, and contacts with children to assist inmates maintain important familial 8
237237 relationships and support systems during incarceration and after release from custody; and 9
238238 (6) Provide incentives, as the department deems appropriate, for inmate participation in 10
239239 skills development programs. 11
240240 12-19.4-12. Elderly and terminally ill inmates. 12
241241 (a) The department shall establish a program to determine the effectiveness of removing 13
242242 eligible elderly inmates and eligible terminally ill inmates from a prison facility and placing such 14
243243 inmates in pre-release custody until the expiration of the prison term to which the inmate was 15
244244 sentenced. 16
245245 (b) In carrying out the program as described in this section, the department may release 17
246246 some or all eligible elderly inmates and eligible terminally ill inmates from a prison facility to pre-18
247247 release custody. 19
248248 (c) A violation by an eligible elderly inmate or eligible terminally ill inmate of the terms 20
249249 of pre-release custody, or the commission of another offense while in pre-release custody, shall 21
250250 result in the return of that inmate to the designated institution in which that inmate was imprisoned 22
251251 immediately before placement in pre-release custody or to another appropriate institution, as 23
252252 determined by the department. 24
253253 SECTION 3. This act shall take effect upon passage. 25
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260260 EXPLANATION
261261 BY THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL
262262 OF
263263 A N A C T
264264 RELATING TO CRIMINAL PROCEDURE -- THE RHODE ISLAND FIRST STEP ACT
265265 ***
266266 This act would establish the Rhode Island first step program requiring the department of 1
267267 corrections to assist inmates with reintegration into society, provide them with counseling, medical 2
268268 care, and education and provide for modification of imprisonment or relocation to pre-release 3
269269 confinement for elderly and terminally ill inmates. 4
270270 This act would take effect upon passage. 5
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