Texas 2017 - 85th Regular

Texas Senate Bill SB2198 Compare Versions

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11 85R6738 LHC-F
22 By: Campbell S.B. No. 2198
33
44
55 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
66 AN ACT
77 relating to interest that accrues under the Property Tax Code.
88 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
99 SECTION 1. Chapter 1, Tax Code, is amended by adding
1010 Sections 1.13 and 1.14 to read as follows:
1111 Sec. 1.13. INTEREST RATE. (a) Except as otherwise provided
1212 by this title, for purposes of a provision of this title providing
1313 for the accrual of interest, interest accrues during a calendar
1414 year at an annual rate equal to the lesser of:
1515 (1) 12 percent; or
1616 (2) the sum of two percent and the prime rate quoted
1717 and published by the Federal Reserve Board on the first business day
1818 of the calendar year for which interest is being calculated.
1919 (b) Interest that accrues at an annual rate determined under
2020 Subsection (a) must be computed as simple interest for each
2121 calendar year or part of a calendar year in which the interest
2222 accrues. If interest accrues in more than one calendar year, the
2323 total amount of interest that accrues is equal to the sum of the
2424 interest that accrues in each calendar year for which the interest
2525 is calculated.
2626 (c) The comptroller shall post and maintain on the
2727 comptroller's Internet website the interest rate determined under
2828 Subsection (a) for each calendar year.
2929 Sec. 1.14. WAIVER OF INTEREST BY AGREEMENT. (a)
3030 Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the parties to a
3131 motion, effort, or appeal described by this subsection may agree to
3232 waive or reduce the interest that accrues on a tax, penalty, or
3333 refund regarding property that is the subject of:
3434 (1) a motion to correct an error in the appraisal roll
3535 under Section 25.25;
3636 (2) an effort to collect a delinquent tax under
3737 Chapter 33, including a suit to collect a delinquent tax under that
3838 chapter; or
3939 (3) an appeal under Chapter 42.
4040 (b) An agreement to waive or reduce interest under this
4141 section must:
4242 (1) be in writing;
4343 (2) be signed by the parties to the motion, effort, or
4444 appeal; and
4545 (3) if the agreement regards property that is the
4646 subject of a suit to collect a delinquent tax under Chapter 33 or an
4747 appeal under Chapter 42, be signed by the parties before the date
4848 the court in which the suit or appeal is pending issues an order
4949 that includes the interest as part of a judgment against any party
5050 to the suit.
5151 (c) A district court in a suit filed under Chapter 33 or an
5252 appeal filed under Chapter 42 may waive or reduce interest that has
5353 accrued as part of a final judgment to the extent the interest is
5454 waived or reduced by an agreement under this section.
5555 SECTION 2. Section 11.135(c), Tax Code, is amended to read
5656 as follows:
5757 (c) If an owner receives an exemption for property under
5858 Section 11.13 under the circumstances described by Subsection (a)
5959 and sells the property before the owner completes construction of a
6060 replacement qualified residential structure on the property, an
6161 additional tax is imposed on the property equal to the difference
6262 between the taxes imposed on the property for each of the years in
6363 which the owner received the exemption and the tax that would have
6464 been imposed had the owner not received the exemption in each of
6565 those years, plus interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual
6666 rate of seven percent] calculated from the dates on which the
6767 differences would have become due.
6868 SECTION 3. Section 11.181(e), Tax Code, is amended to read
6969 as follows:
7070 (e) If the organization that owns improved or unimproved
7171 real property that has been exempted under Subsection (a) sells the
7272 property to a person other than an individual or family satisfying
7373 the organization's low-income or other eligibility requirements, a
7474 penalty is imposed on the property equal to the amount of the taxes
7575 that would have been imposed on the property in each tax year that
7676 the property was exempted from taxation under Subsection (a), plus
7777 interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of 12
7878 percent] calculated from the dates on which the taxes would have
7979 become due.
8080 SECTION 4. Section 11.185(e), Tax Code, is amended to read
8181 as follows:
8282 (e) If the organization that owns improved or unimproved
8383 real property that has been exempted under Subsection (a) sells the
8484 property to a person other than a person described by Section
8585 2306.786(b)(1), Government Code, a penalty is imposed on the
8686 property equal to the amount of the taxes that would have been
8787 imposed on the property in each tax year that the property was
8888 exempted from taxation under Subsection (a), plus interest as
8989 provided by Section 1.13 of this code [at an annual rate of 12
9090 percent] computed from the dates on which the taxes would have
9191 become due.
9292 SECTION 5. Section 11.201(a), Tax Code, is amended to read
9393 as follows:
9494 (a) If land is sold or otherwise transferred to another
9595 person in a year in which the land receives an exemption under
9696 Section 11.20(a)(6), an additional tax is imposed on the land equal
9797 to the tax that would have been imposed on the land had the land been
9898 taxed for each of the five years preceding the year in which the
9999 sale or transfer occurs in which the land received an exemption
100100 under that subdivision [subsection], plus interest as provided by
101101 Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven percent] calculated from
102102 the dates on which the taxes would have become due.
103103 SECTION 6. Section 23.46(c), Tax Code, is amended to read as
104104 follows:
105105 (c) If land that has been designated for agricultural use in
106106 any year is sold or diverted to a nonagricultural use, the total
107107 amount of additional taxes for the three years preceding the year in
108108 which the land is sold or diverted, plus interest as [at the rate]
109109 provided by Section 1.13, [for delinquent taxes] becomes due.
110110 Subject to Subsection (f), a determination that the land has been
111111 diverted to a nonagricultural use is made by the chief appraiser.
112112 For purposes of this subsection, the chief appraiser may not
113113 consider any period during which land is owned by the state in
114114 determining whether the land has been diverted to a nonagricultural
115115 use. The chief appraiser shall deliver a notice of the
116116 determination to the owner of the land as soon as possible after
117117 making the determination and shall include in the notice an
118118 explanation of the owner's right to protest the determination. If
119119 the owner does not file a timely protest or if the final
120120 determination of the protest is that the additional taxes are due,
121121 the assessor for each taxing unit shall prepare and deliver a bill
122122 for the additional taxes plus interest as soon as practicable after
123123 the change of use occurs. If the additional taxes are due because
124124 of a sale of the land, the assessor for each taxing unit shall
125125 prepare and deliver the bill as soon as practicable after the sale
126126 occurs. The taxes and interest are due and become delinquent and
127127 incur penalties and interest as provided by law for ad valorem taxes
128128 imposed by the taxing unit if not paid before the next February 1
129129 that is at least 20 days after the date the bill is delivered to the
130130 owner of the land.
131131 SECTION 7. Section 23.55(a), Tax Code, is amended to read as
132132 follows:
133133 (a) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by
134134 this subchapter changes, an additional tax is imposed on the land
135135 equal to the difference between the taxes imposed on the land for
136136 each of the five years preceding the year in which the change of use
137137 occurs that the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter
138138 and the tax that would have been imposed had the land been taxed on
139139 the basis of market value in each of those years, plus interest as
140140 provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven percent]
141141 calculated from the dates on which the differences would have
142142 become due. For purposes of this subsection, the chief appraiser
143143 may not consider any period during which land is owned by the state
144144 in determining whether a change in the use of the land has occurred.
145145 SECTION 8. Section 23.76(a), Tax Code, is amended to read as
146146 follows:
147147 (a) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by
148148 this subchapter changes, an additional tax is imposed on the land
149149 equal to the difference between the taxes imposed on the land for
150150 each of the five years preceding the year in which the change of use
151151 occurs that the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter
152152 and the tax that would have been imposed had the land been taxed on
153153 the basis of market value in each of those years, plus interest as
154154 provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven percent]
155155 calculated from the dates on which the differences would have
156156 become due.
157157 SECTION 9. Section 23.86(a), Tax Code, is amended to read as
158158 follows:
159159 (a) If land that has been appraised under this subchapter is
160160 no longer subject to a deed restriction or is diverted to a use
161161 other than recreational, park, or scenic uses, an additional tax is
162162 imposed on the land equal to the difference between the taxes
163163 imposed on the land for each of the five years preceding the year in
164164 which the change of use occurs or the deed restriction expires that
165165 the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter and the tax
166166 that would have been imposed had the land not been restricted to
167167 recreational, park, or scenic uses in each of those years, plus
168168 interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven
169169 percent] calculated from the dates on which the differences would
170170 have become due.
171171 SECTION 10. Section 23.96(a), Tax Code, is amended to read
172172 as follows:
173173 (a) If airport property that has been appraised under this
174174 subchapter is no longer subject to a deed restriction, an
175175 additional tax is imposed on the property equal to the difference
176176 between the taxes imposed on the property for each of the five years
177177 preceding the year in which the deed restriction expires that the
178178 property was appraised as provided by this subchapter and the tax
179179 that would have been imposed had the property not been restricted to
180180 use as public access airport property in each of those years, plus
181181 interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven
182182 percent] calculated from the dates on which the differences would
183183 have become due.
184184 SECTION 11. Sections 23.9807(a) and (b), Tax Code, are
185185 amended to read as follows:
186186 (a) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by
187187 this subchapter changes to a use that qualifies the land for
188188 appraisal under Subchapter E, an additional tax is imposed on the
189189 land equal to the sum of:
190190 (1) the difference between:
191191 (A) the taxes imposed on the land for each of the
192192 five years preceding the year in which the change of use occurs that
193193 the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter; and
194194 (B) the taxes that would have been imposed had
195195 the land been appraised under Subchapter E in each of those years;
196196 and
197197 (2) interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual
198198 rate of seven percent] calculated from the dates on which the
199199 differences would have become due.
200200 (b) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by
201201 this subchapter changes to a use that does not qualify the land for
202202 appraisal under Subchapter E or under this subchapter, an
203203 additional tax is imposed on the land equal to the sum of:
204204 (1) the difference between:
205205 (A) the taxes imposed on the land for each of the
206206 five years preceding the year in which the change of use occurs that
207207 the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter; and
208208 (B) the taxes that would have been imposed had
209209 the land been taxed on the basis of market value in each of those
210210 years; and
211211 (2) interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual
212212 rate of seven percent] calculated from the dates on which the
213213 differences would have become due.
214214 SECTION 12. Section 26.09(d), Tax Code, is amended to read
215215 as follows:
216216 (d) If a property is subject to taxation for a prior year in
217217 which it escaped taxation, the assessor shall calculate the tax for
218218 each year separately. In calculating the tax, the assessor shall
219219 use the assessment ratio and tax rate in effect in the unit for the
220220 year for which back taxes are being imposed. Except as provided by
221221 Subsection (d-1), the amount of back taxes due incurs interest
222222 calculated as [at the rate] provided by Section 1.13 [33.01(c)]
223223 from the date the tax would have become delinquent had the tax been
224224 imposed in the proper tax year.
225225 SECTION 13. Section 31.12(a), Tax Code, is amended to read
226226 as follows:
227227 (a) If a refund of a tax provided by Section 11.431(b),
228228 26.07(g), 26.15(f), 31.11, or 31.111 is paid on or before the 60th
229229 day after the date the liability for the refund arises, no interest
230230 is due on the amount refunded. If not paid on or before that 60th
231231 day, the amount of the tax to be refunded accrues interest as
232232 provided by Section 1.13 [at a rate of one percent for each month or
233233 part of a month that the refund is unpaid], beginning with the date
234234 on which the liability for the refund arises.
235235 SECTION 14. Section 33.01(c), Tax Code, is amended to read
236236 as follows:
237237 (c) A delinquent tax accrues interest as provided by Section
238238 1.13 [at a rate of one percent for each month or portion of a month
239239 the tax remains unpaid]. Interest payable under this section is to
240240 compensate the taxing unit for revenue lost because of the
241241 delinquency. A delinquent tax continues to accrue interest under
242242 this subsection as long as the tax remains unpaid, regardless of
243243 whether a judgment for the delinquent tax has been rendered.
244244 SECTION 15. Section 33.06(d), Tax Code, is amended to read
245245 as follows:
246246 (d) A tax lien remains on the property and interest
247247 continues to accrue during the period collection of taxes is
248248 deferred or abated under this section. Interest accrues [The
249249 annual interest rate] during the deferral or abatement period as
250250 provided by Section 1.13 [is eight percent instead of the rate
251251 provided by Section 33.01]. Interest and penalties that accrued or
252252 that were incurred or imposed under Section 33.01 or 33.07 before
253253 the date the individual files the deferral affidavit under
254254 Subsection (b) or the date the judgment abating the suit is entered,
255255 as applicable, are preserved. A penalty under Section 33.01 is not
256256 incurred during a deferral or abatement period. The additional
257257 penalty under Section 33.07 may be imposed and collected only if the
258258 taxes for which collection is deferred or abated remain delinquent
259259 on or after the 181st day after the date the deferral or abatement
260260 period expires. A plea of limitation, laches, or want of
261261 prosecution does not apply against the taxing unit because of
262262 deferral or abatement of collection as provided by this section.
263263 SECTION 16. Section 33.065(g), Tax Code, is amended to read
264264 as follows:
265265 (g) A tax lien remains on the property and interest
266266 continues to accrue during the period collection of delinquent
267267 taxes is deferred or abated under this section. Interest accrues
268268 [The annual interest rate] during the deferral or abatement period
269269 as provided by Section 1.13 [is eight percent instead of the rate
270270 provided by Section 33.01]. Interest and penalties that accrued or
271271 that were incurred or imposed under Section 33.01 or 33.07 before
272272 the date the individual files the deferral affidavit under
273273 Subsection (c) or the date the judgment abating the suit is entered,
274274 as applicable, are preserved. A penalty is not incurred on the
275275 delinquent taxes for which collection is deferred or abated during
276276 a deferral or abatement period. The additional penalty under
277277 Section 33.07 may be imposed and collected only if the delinquent
278278 taxes for which collection is deferred or abated remain delinquent
279279 on or after the 91st day after the date the deferral or abatement
280280 period expires. A plea of limitation, laches, or want of
281281 prosecution does not apply against the taxing unit because of
282282 deferral or abatement of collection as provided by this section.
283283 SECTION 17. Sections 42.42(c) and (d), Tax Code, are
284284 amended to read as follows:
285285 (c) If the final determination of an appeal occurs after the
286286 property owner has paid a portion of the tax finally determined to
287287 be due as required by Section 42.08, the assessor for each affected
288288 taxing unit shall prepare and mail a supplemental tax bill in the
289289 form and manner prescribed by Subsection (b). The additional tax is
290290 due and becomes delinquent as provided by Subsection (b), but the
291291 property owner is liable for penalties [and interest] on the tax
292292 included in the supplemental bill calculated as provided by Section
293293 33.01 and interest on the tax included in the supplemental bill
294294 calculated as provided by Section 1.13 as if the tax included in the
295295 supplemental bill became delinquent on the original delinquency
296296 date prescribed by Chapter 31.
297297 (d) If the property owner did not pay any portion of the
298298 taxes imposed on the property because the court found that payment
299299 would constitute an unreasonable restraint on the owner's right of
300300 access to the courts as provided by Section 42.08(d), after the
301301 final determination of the appeal the assessor for each affected
302302 taxing unit shall prepare and mail a supplemental tax bill in the
303303 form and manner prescribed by Subsection (b). The additional tax is
304304 due and becomes delinquent as provided by Subsection (b), but the
305305 property owner is liable for interest on the tax included in the
306306 supplemental bill calculated as provided by Section 1.13 [33.01] as
307307 if the tax included in the supplemental bill became delinquent on
308308 the delinquency date prescribed by Chapter 31.
309309 SECTION 18. The comptroller shall post and maintain on the
310310 comptroller's Internet website as required by Section 1.13(c), Tax
311311 Code, as added by this Act, the interest rates determined under
312312 Section 1.13(a), Tax Code, as added by this Act, beginning with the
313313 2018 calendar year.
314314 SECTION 19. The changes in law made by this Act apply only
315315 to interest that accrues on or after the effective date of this Act.
316316 Interest that accrued before the effective date of this Act is
317317 governed by the law in effect when the interest accrued, and that
318318 law is continued in effect for that purpose.
319319 SECTION 20. This Act takes effect September 1, 2017.