1 | 1 | | 85R6738 LHC-F |
---|
2 | 2 | | By: Campbell S.B. No. 2198 |
---|
3 | 3 | | |
---|
4 | 4 | | |
---|
5 | 5 | | A BILL TO BE ENTITLED |
---|
6 | 6 | | AN ACT |
---|
7 | 7 | | relating to interest that accrues under the Property Tax Code. |
---|
8 | 8 | | BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: |
---|
9 | 9 | | SECTION 1. Chapter 1, Tax Code, is amended by adding |
---|
10 | 10 | | Sections 1.13 and 1.14 to read as follows: |
---|
11 | 11 | | Sec. 1.13. INTEREST RATE. (a) Except as otherwise provided |
---|
12 | 12 | | by this title, for purposes of a provision of this title providing |
---|
13 | 13 | | for the accrual of interest, interest accrues during a calendar |
---|
14 | 14 | | year at an annual rate equal to the lesser of: |
---|
15 | 15 | | (1) 12 percent; or |
---|
16 | 16 | | (2) the sum of two percent and the prime rate quoted |
---|
17 | 17 | | and published by the Federal Reserve Board on the first business day |
---|
18 | 18 | | of the calendar year for which interest is being calculated. |
---|
19 | 19 | | (b) Interest that accrues at an annual rate determined under |
---|
20 | 20 | | Subsection (a) must be computed as simple interest for each |
---|
21 | 21 | | calendar year or part of a calendar year in which the interest |
---|
22 | 22 | | accrues. If interest accrues in more than one calendar year, the |
---|
23 | 23 | | total amount of interest that accrues is equal to the sum of the |
---|
24 | 24 | | interest that accrues in each calendar year for which the interest |
---|
25 | 25 | | is calculated. |
---|
26 | 26 | | (c) The comptroller shall post and maintain on the |
---|
27 | 27 | | comptroller's Internet website the interest rate determined under |
---|
28 | 28 | | Subsection (a) for each calendar year. |
---|
29 | 29 | | Sec. 1.14. WAIVER OF INTEREST BY AGREEMENT. (a) |
---|
30 | 30 | | Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the parties to a |
---|
31 | 31 | | motion, effort, or appeal described by this subsection may agree to |
---|
32 | 32 | | waive or reduce the interest that accrues on a tax, penalty, or |
---|
33 | 33 | | refund regarding property that is the subject of: |
---|
34 | 34 | | (1) a motion to correct an error in the appraisal roll |
---|
35 | 35 | | under Section 25.25; |
---|
36 | 36 | | (2) an effort to collect a delinquent tax under |
---|
37 | 37 | | Chapter 33, including a suit to collect a delinquent tax under that |
---|
38 | 38 | | chapter; or |
---|
39 | 39 | | (3) an appeal under Chapter 42. |
---|
40 | 40 | | (b) An agreement to waive or reduce interest under this |
---|
41 | 41 | | section must: |
---|
42 | 42 | | (1) be in writing; |
---|
43 | 43 | | (2) be signed by the parties to the motion, effort, or |
---|
44 | 44 | | appeal; and |
---|
45 | 45 | | (3) if the agreement regards property that is the |
---|
46 | 46 | | subject of a suit to collect a delinquent tax under Chapter 33 or an |
---|
47 | 47 | | appeal under Chapter 42, be signed by the parties before the date |
---|
48 | 48 | | the court in which the suit or appeal is pending issues an order |
---|
49 | 49 | | that includes the interest as part of a judgment against any party |
---|
50 | 50 | | to the suit. |
---|
51 | 51 | | (c) A district court in a suit filed under Chapter 33 or an |
---|
52 | 52 | | appeal filed under Chapter 42 may waive or reduce interest that has |
---|
53 | 53 | | accrued as part of a final judgment to the extent the interest is |
---|
54 | 54 | | waived or reduced by an agreement under this section. |
---|
55 | 55 | | SECTION 2. Section 11.135(c), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
56 | 56 | | as follows: |
---|
57 | 57 | | (c) If an owner receives an exemption for property under |
---|
58 | 58 | | Section 11.13 under the circumstances described by Subsection (a) |
---|
59 | 59 | | and sells the property before the owner completes construction of a |
---|
60 | 60 | | replacement qualified residential structure on the property, an |
---|
61 | 61 | | additional tax is imposed on the property equal to the difference |
---|
62 | 62 | | between the taxes imposed on the property for each of the years in |
---|
63 | 63 | | which the owner received the exemption and the tax that would have |
---|
64 | 64 | | been imposed had the owner not received the exemption in each of |
---|
65 | 65 | | those years, plus interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual |
---|
66 | 66 | | rate of seven percent] calculated from the dates on which the |
---|
67 | 67 | | differences would have become due. |
---|
68 | 68 | | SECTION 3. Section 11.181(e), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
69 | 69 | | as follows: |
---|
70 | 70 | | (e) If the organization that owns improved or unimproved |
---|
71 | 71 | | real property that has been exempted under Subsection (a) sells the |
---|
72 | 72 | | property to a person other than an individual or family satisfying |
---|
73 | 73 | | the organization's low-income or other eligibility requirements, a |
---|
74 | 74 | | penalty is imposed on the property equal to the amount of the taxes |
---|
75 | 75 | | that would have been imposed on the property in each tax year that |
---|
76 | 76 | | the property was exempted from taxation under Subsection (a), plus |
---|
77 | 77 | | interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of 12 |
---|
78 | 78 | | percent] calculated from the dates on which the taxes would have |
---|
79 | 79 | | become due. |
---|
80 | 80 | | SECTION 4. Section 11.185(e), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
81 | 81 | | as follows: |
---|
82 | 82 | | (e) If the organization that owns improved or unimproved |
---|
83 | 83 | | real property that has been exempted under Subsection (a) sells the |
---|
84 | 84 | | property to a person other than a person described by Section |
---|
85 | 85 | | 2306.786(b)(1), Government Code, a penalty is imposed on the |
---|
86 | 86 | | property equal to the amount of the taxes that would have been |
---|
87 | 87 | | imposed on the property in each tax year that the property was |
---|
88 | 88 | | exempted from taxation under Subsection (a), plus interest as |
---|
89 | 89 | | provided by Section 1.13 of this code [at an annual rate of 12 |
---|
90 | 90 | | percent] computed from the dates on which the taxes would have |
---|
91 | 91 | | become due. |
---|
92 | 92 | | SECTION 5. Section 11.201(a), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
93 | 93 | | as follows: |
---|
94 | 94 | | (a) If land is sold or otherwise transferred to another |
---|
95 | 95 | | person in a year in which the land receives an exemption under |
---|
96 | 96 | | Section 11.20(a)(6), an additional tax is imposed on the land equal |
---|
97 | 97 | | to the tax that would have been imposed on the land had the land been |
---|
98 | 98 | | taxed for each of the five years preceding the year in which the |
---|
99 | 99 | | sale or transfer occurs in which the land received an exemption |
---|
100 | 100 | | under that subdivision [subsection], plus interest as provided by |
---|
101 | 101 | | Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven percent] calculated from |
---|
102 | 102 | | the dates on which the taxes would have become due. |
---|
103 | 103 | | SECTION 6. Section 23.46(c), Tax Code, is amended to read as |
---|
104 | 104 | | follows: |
---|
105 | 105 | | (c) If land that has been designated for agricultural use in |
---|
106 | 106 | | any year is sold or diverted to a nonagricultural use, the total |
---|
107 | 107 | | amount of additional taxes for the three years preceding the year in |
---|
108 | 108 | | which the land is sold or diverted, plus interest as [at the rate] |
---|
109 | 109 | | provided by Section 1.13, [for delinquent taxes] becomes due. |
---|
110 | 110 | | Subject to Subsection (f), a determination that the land has been |
---|
111 | 111 | | diverted to a nonagricultural use is made by the chief appraiser. |
---|
112 | 112 | | For purposes of this subsection, the chief appraiser may not |
---|
113 | 113 | | consider any period during which land is owned by the state in |
---|
114 | 114 | | determining whether the land has been diverted to a nonagricultural |
---|
115 | 115 | | use. The chief appraiser shall deliver a notice of the |
---|
116 | 116 | | determination to the owner of the land as soon as possible after |
---|
117 | 117 | | making the determination and shall include in the notice an |
---|
118 | 118 | | explanation of the owner's right to protest the determination. If |
---|
119 | 119 | | the owner does not file a timely protest or if the final |
---|
120 | 120 | | determination of the protest is that the additional taxes are due, |
---|
121 | 121 | | the assessor for each taxing unit shall prepare and deliver a bill |
---|
122 | 122 | | for the additional taxes plus interest as soon as practicable after |
---|
123 | 123 | | the change of use occurs. If the additional taxes are due because |
---|
124 | 124 | | of a sale of the land, the assessor for each taxing unit shall |
---|
125 | 125 | | prepare and deliver the bill as soon as practicable after the sale |
---|
126 | 126 | | occurs. The taxes and interest are due and become delinquent and |
---|
127 | 127 | | incur penalties and interest as provided by law for ad valorem taxes |
---|
128 | 128 | | imposed by the taxing unit if not paid before the next February 1 |
---|
129 | 129 | | that is at least 20 days after the date the bill is delivered to the |
---|
130 | 130 | | owner of the land. |
---|
131 | 131 | | SECTION 7. Section 23.55(a), Tax Code, is amended to read as |
---|
132 | 132 | | follows: |
---|
133 | 133 | | (a) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by |
---|
134 | 134 | | this subchapter changes, an additional tax is imposed on the land |
---|
135 | 135 | | equal to the difference between the taxes imposed on the land for |
---|
136 | 136 | | each of the five years preceding the year in which the change of use |
---|
137 | 137 | | occurs that the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter |
---|
138 | 138 | | and the tax that would have been imposed had the land been taxed on |
---|
139 | 139 | | the basis of market value in each of those years, plus interest as |
---|
140 | 140 | | provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven percent] |
---|
141 | 141 | | calculated from the dates on which the differences would have |
---|
142 | 142 | | become due. For purposes of this subsection, the chief appraiser |
---|
143 | 143 | | may not consider any period during which land is owned by the state |
---|
144 | 144 | | in determining whether a change in the use of the land has occurred. |
---|
145 | 145 | | SECTION 8. Section 23.76(a), Tax Code, is amended to read as |
---|
146 | 146 | | follows: |
---|
147 | 147 | | (a) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by |
---|
148 | 148 | | this subchapter changes, an additional tax is imposed on the land |
---|
149 | 149 | | equal to the difference between the taxes imposed on the land for |
---|
150 | 150 | | each of the five years preceding the year in which the change of use |
---|
151 | 151 | | occurs that the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter |
---|
152 | 152 | | and the tax that would have been imposed had the land been taxed on |
---|
153 | 153 | | the basis of market value in each of those years, plus interest as |
---|
154 | 154 | | provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven percent] |
---|
155 | 155 | | calculated from the dates on which the differences would have |
---|
156 | 156 | | become due. |
---|
157 | 157 | | SECTION 9. Section 23.86(a), Tax Code, is amended to read as |
---|
158 | 158 | | follows: |
---|
159 | 159 | | (a) If land that has been appraised under this subchapter is |
---|
160 | 160 | | no longer subject to a deed restriction or is diverted to a use |
---|
161 | 161 | | other than recreational, park, or scenic uses, an additional tax is |
---|
162 | 162 | | imposed on the land equal to the difference between the taxes |
---|
163 | 163 | | imposed on the land for each of the five years preceding the year in |
---|
164 | 164 | | which the change of use occurs or the deed restriction expires that |
---|
165 | 165 | | the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter and the tax |
---|
166 | 166 | | that would have been imposed had the land not been restricted to |
---|
167 | 167 | | recreational, park, or scenic uses in each of those years, plus |
---|
168 | 168 | | interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven |
---|
169 | 169 | | percent] calculated from the dates on which the differences would |
---|
170 | 170 | | have become due. |
---|
171 | 171 | | SECTION 10. Section 23.96(a), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
172 | 172 | | as follows: |
---|
173 | 173 | | (a) If airport property that has been appraised under this |
---|
174 | 174 | | subchapter is no longer subject to a deed restriction, an |
---|
175 | 175 | | additional tax is imposed on the property equal to the difference |
---|
176 | 176 | | between the taxes imposed on the property for each of the five years |
---|
177 | 177 | | preceding the year in which the deed restriction expires that the |
---|
178 | 178 | | property was appraised as provided by this subchapter and the tax |
---|
179 | 179 | | that would have been imposed had the property not been restricted to |
---|
180 | 180 | | use as public access airport property in each of those years, plus |
---|
181 | 181 | | interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual rate of seven |
---|
182 | 182 | | percent] calculated from the dates on which the differences would |
---|
183 | 183 | | have become due. |
---|
184 | 184 | | SECTION 11. Sections 23.9807(a) and (b), Tax Code, are |
---|
185 | 185 | | amended to read as follows: |
---|
186 | 186 | | (a) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by |
---|
187 | 187 | | this subchapter changes to a use that qualifies the land for |
---|
188 | 188 | | appraisal under Subchapter E, an additional tax is imposed on the |
---|
189 | 189 | | land equal to the sum of: |
---|
190 | 190 | | (1) the difference between: |
---|
191 | 191 | | (A) the taxes imposed on the land for each of the |
---|
192 | 192 | | five years preceding the year in which the change of use occurs that |
---|
193 | 193 | | the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter; and |
---|
194 | 194 | | (B) the taxes that would have been imposed had |
---|
195 | 195 | | the land been appraised under Subchapter E in each of those years; |
---|
196 | 196 | | and |
---|
197 | 197 | | (2) interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual |
---|
198 | 198 | | rate of seven percent] calculated from the dates on which the |
---|
199 | 199 | | differences would have become due. |
---|
200 | 200 | | (b) If the use of land that has been appraised as provided by |
---|
201 | 201 | | this subchapter changes to a use that does not qualify the land for |
---|
202 | 202 | | appraisal under Subchapter E or under this subchapter, an |
---|
203 | 203 | | additional tax is imposed on the land equal to the sum of: |
---|
204 | 204 | | (1) the difference between: |
---|
205 | 205 | | (A) the taxes imposed on the land for each of the |
---|
206 | 206 | | five years preceding the year in which the change of use occurs that |
---|
207 | 207 | | the land was appraised as provided by this subchapter; and |
---|
208 | 208 | | (B) the taxes that would have been imposed had |
---|
209 | 209 | | the land been taxed on the basis of market value in each of those |
---|
210 | 210 | | years; and |
---|
211 | 211 | | (2) interest as provided by Section 1.13 [at an annual |
---|
212 | 212 | | rate of seven percent] calculated from the dates on which the |
---|
213 | 213 | | differences would have become due. |
---|
214 | 214 | | SECTION 12. Section 26.09(d), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
215 | 215 | | as follows: |
---|
216 | 216 | | (d) If a property is subject to taxation for a prior year in |
---|
217 | 217 | | which it escaped taxation, the assessor shall calculate the tax for |
---|
218 | 218 | | each year separately. In calculating the tax, the assessor shall |
---|
219 | 219 | | use the assessment ratio and tax rate in effect in the unit for the |
---|
220 | 220 | | year for which back taxes are being imposed. Except as provided by |
---|
221 | 221 | | Subsection (d-1), the amount of back taxes due incurs interest |
---|
222 | 222 | | calculated as [at the rate] provided by Section 1.13 [33.01(c)] |
---|
223 | 223 | | from the date the tax would have become delinquent had the tax been |
---|
224 | 224 | | imposed in the proper tax year. |
---|
225 | 225 | | SECTION 13. Section 31.12(a), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
226 | 226 | | as follows: |
---|
227 | 227 | | (a) If a refund of a tax provided by Section 11.431(b), |
---|
228 | 228 | | 26.07(g), 26.15(f), 31.11, or 31.111 is paid on or before the 60th |
---|
229 | 229 | | day after the date the liability for the refund arises, no interest |
---|
230 | 230 | | is due on the amount refunded. If not paid on or before that 60th |
---|
231 | 231 | | day, the amount of the tax to be refunded accrues interest as |
---|
232 | 232 | | provided by Section 1.13 [at a rate of one percent for each month or |
---|
233 | 233 | | part of a month that the refund is unpaid], beginning with the date |
---|
234 | 234 | | on which the liability for the refund arises. |
---|
235 | 235 | | SECTION 14. Section 33.01(c), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
236 | 236 | | as follows: |
---|
237 | 237 | | (c) A delinquent tax accrues interest as provided by Section |
---|
238 | 238 | | 1.13 [at a rate of one percent for each month or portion of a month |
---|
239 | 239 | | the tax remains unpaid]. Interest payable under this section is to |
---|
240 | 240 | | compensate the taxing unit for revenue lost because of the |
---|
241 | 241 | | delinquency. A delinquent tax continues to accrue interest under |
---|
242 | 242 | | this subsection as long as the tax remains unpaid, regardless of |
---|
243 | 243 | | whether a judgment for the delinquent tax has been rendered. |
---|
244 | 244 | | SECTION 15. Section 33.06(d), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
245 | 245 | | as follows: |
---|
246 | 246 | | (d) A tax lien remains on the property and interest |
---|
247 | 247 | | continues to accrue during the period collection of taxes is |
---|
248 | 248 | | deferred or abated under this section. Interest accrues [The |
---|
249 | 249 | | annual interest rate] during the deferral or abatement period as |
---|
250 | 250 | | provided by Section 1.13 [is eight percent instead of the rate |
---|
251 | 251 | | provided by Section 33.01]. Interest and penalties that accrued or |
---|
252 | 252 | | that were incurred or imposed under Section 33.01 or 33.07 before |
---|
253 | 253 | | the date the individual files the deferral affidavit under |
---|
254 | 254 | | Subsection (b) or the date the judgment abating the suit is entered, |
---|
255 | 255 | | as applicable, are preserved. A penalty under Section 33.01 is not |
---|
256 | 256 | | incurred during a deferral or abatement period. The additional |
---|
257 | 257 | | penalty under Section 33.07 may be imposed and collected only if the |
---|
258 | 258 | | taxes for which collection is deferred or abated remain delinquent |
---|
259 | 259 | | on or after the 181st day after the date the deferral or abatement |
---|
260 | 260 | | period expires. A plea of limitation, laches, or want of |
---|
261 | 261 | | prosecution does not apply against the taxing unit because of |
---|
262 | 262 | | deferral or abatement of collection as provided by this section. |
---|
263 | 263 | | SECTION 16. Section 33.065(g), Tax Code, is amended to read |
---|
264 | 264 | | as follows: |
---|
265 | 265 | | (g) A tax lien remains on the property and interest |
---|
266 | 266 | | continues to accrue during the period collection of delinquent |
---|
267 | 267 | | taxes is deferred or abated under this section. Interest accrues |
---|
268 | 268 | | [The annual interest rate] during the deferral or abatement period |
---|
269 | 269 | | as provided by Section 1.13 [is eight percent instead of the rate |
---|
270 | 270 | | provided by Section 33.01]. Interest and penalties that accrued or |
---|
271 | 271 | | that were incurred or imposed under Section 33.01 or 33.07 before |
---|
272 | 272 | | the date the individual files the deferral affidavit under |
---|
273 | 273 | | Subsection (c) or the date the judgment abating the suit is entered, |
---|
274 | 274 | | as applicable, are preserved. A penalty is not incurred on the |
---|
275 | 275 | | delinquent taxes for which collection is deferred or abated during |
---|
276 | 276 | | a deferral or abatement period. The additional penalty under |
---|
277 | 277 | | Section 33.07 may be imposed and collected only if the delinquent |
---|
278 | 278 | | taxes for which collection is deferred or abated remain delinquent |
---|
279 | 279 | | on or after the 91st day after the date the deferral or abatement |
---|
280 | 280 | | period expires. A plea of limitation, laches, or want of |
---|
281 | 281 | | prosecution does not apply against the taxing unit because of |
---|
282 | 282 | | deferral or abatement of collection as provided by this section. |
---|
283 | 283 | | SECTION 17. Sections 42.42(c) and (d), Tax Code, are |
---|
284 | 284 | | amended to read as follows: |
---|
285 | 285 | | (c) If the final determination of an appeal occurs after the |
---|
286 | 286 | | property owner has paid a portion of the tax finally determined to |
---|
287 | 287 | | be due as required by Section 42.08, the assessor for each affected |
---|
288 | 288 | | taxing unit shall prepare and mail a supplemental tax bill in the |
---|
289 | 289 | | form and manner prescribed by Subsection (b). The additional tax is |
---|
290 | 290 | | due and becomes delinquent as provided by Subsection (b), but the |
---|
291 | 291 | | property owner is liable for penalties [and interest] on the tax |
---|
292 | 292 | | included in the supplemental bill calculated as provided by Section |
---|
293 | 293 | | 33.01 and interest on the tax included in the supplemental bill |
---|
294 | 294 | | calculated as provided by Section 1.13 as if the tax included in the |
---|
295 | 295 | | supplemental bill became delinquent on the original delinquency |
---|
296 | 296 | | date prescribed by Chapter 31. |
---|
297 | 297 | | (d) If the property owner did not pay any portion of the |
---|
298 | 298 | | taxes imposed on the property because the court found that payment |
---|
299 | 299 | | would constitute an unreasonable restraint on the owner's right of |
---|
300 | 300 | | access to the courts as provided by Section 42.08(d), after the |
---|
301 | 301 | | final determination of the appeal the assessor for each affected |
---|
302 | 302 | | taxing unit shall prepare and mail a supplemental tax bill in the |
---|
303 | 303 | | form and manner prescribed by Subsection (b). The additional tax is |
---|
304 | 304 | | due and becomes delinquent as provided by Subsection (b), but the |
---|
305 | 305 | | property owner is liable for interest on the tax included in the |
---|
306 | 306 | | supplemental bill calculated as provided by Section 1.13 [33.01] as |
---|
307 | 307 | | if the tax included in the supplemental bill became delinquent on |
---|
308 | 308 | | the delinquency date prescribed by Chapter 31. |
---|
309 | 309 | | SECTION 18. The comptroller shall post and maintain on the |
---|
310 | 310 | | comptroller's Internet website as required by Section 1.13(c), Tax |
---|
311 | 311 | | Code, as added by this Act, the interest rates determined under |
---|
312 | 312 | | Section 1.13(a), Tax Code, as added by this Act, beginning with the |
---|
313 | 313 | | 2018 calendar year. |
---|
314 | 314 | | SECTION 19. The changes in law made by this Act apply only |
---|
315 | 315 | | to interest that accrues on or after the effective date of this Act. |
---|
316 | 316 | | Interest that accrued before the effective date of this Act is |
---|
317 | 317 | | governed by the law in effect when the interest accrued, and that |
---|
318 | 318 | | law is continued in effect for that purpose. |
---|
319 | 319 | | SECTION 20. This Act takes effect September 1, 2017. |
---|