Texas 2019 - 86th Regular

Texas House Bill HB3074 Compare Versions

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11 86R14231 PMO-D
22 By: King of Hemphill H.B. No. 3074
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55 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
66 AN ACT
77 relating to the coverage of damage from tornadoes and wildfires by
88 the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association.
99 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
1010 SECTION 1. Section 2210.001, Insurance Code, is amended to
1111 read as follows:
1212 Sec. 2210.001. PURPOSE. The primary purpose of the Texas
1313 Windstorm Insurance Association is the provision of an adequate
1414 market for windstorm and hail insurance in the seacoast territory
1515 of this state and tornado insurance and wildfire insurance
1616 statewide. The legislature finds that the provision of adequate
1717 windstorm and hail insurance, tornado insurance, and wildfire
1818 insurance is necessary to the economic welfare of this state, and
1919 without that insurance, the orderly growth and development of this
2020 state would be severely impeded. This chapter provides a method by
2121 which adequate windstorm and hail insurance may be obtained in
2222 certain designated portions of the seacoast territory of this state
2323 and tornado insurance and wildfire insurance may be obtained
2424 statewide. The association is intended to serve as a residual
2525 insurer of last resort for windstorm and hail insurance in the
2626 seacoast territory and tornado insurance and wildfire insurance
2727 statewide. The association shall:
2828 (1) function in such a manner as to not be a direct
2929 competitor in the private market; and
3030 (2) provide windstorm and hail insurance coverage,
3131 tornado insurance coverage, and wildfire insurance coverage to
3232 those who are unable to obtain [that] coverage in the private
3333 market.
3434 SECTION 2. Section 2210.003, Insurance Code, is amended by
3535 amending Subdivision (6) and adding Subdivisions (14), (15), and
3636 (16) to read as follows:
3737 (6) "Insurance" means:
3838 (A) Texas windstorm and hail insurance;
3939 (B) tornado insurance; and
4040 (C) wildfire insurance.
4141 (14) "Tornado insurance" means insurance against:
4242 (A) direct loss to insurable property incurred as
4343 a result of a tornado, as those terms are defined and limited in
4444 policies and forms approved by the department; and
4545 (B) indirect losses resulting from the direct
4646 loss.
4747 (15) "Wildfire" means an uncontrolled blaze fueled by
4848 weather, wind, and dry underbrush, trees, grasses, and other
4949 flammable material.
5050 (16) "Wildfire insurance" means insurance against:
5151 (A) direct loss to insurable property incurred as
5252 a result of wildfire, as those terms are defined and limited in
5353 policies and forms approved by the department; and
5454 (B) indirect losses resulting from the direct
5555 loss.
5656 SECTION 3. Sections 2210.004(a), (b), (c), and (d),
5757 Insurance Code, are amended to read as follows:
5858 (a) Except as provided by Subsection (h), for purposes of
5959 this chapter and subject to this section, "insurable property"
6060 means immovable property at a fixed location in a catastrophe area
6161 or corporeal movable property located in that immovable property,
6262 as designated in the plan of operation, that is determined by the
6363 association according to the criteria specified in the plan of
6464 operation to be in an insurable condition against windstorm and
6565 hail, tornado, and wildfire, as determined by normal underwriting
6666 standards. The term includes property described by Section
6767 2210.209.
6868 (b) A structure located in a catastrophe area, construction
6969 of which began on or after the 30th day after the date of
7070 publication of the plan of operation, that is not built in
7171 compliance with building specifications set forth in the plan of
7272 operation or continued in compliance with those specifications,
7373 does not constitute an insurable risk for purposes of windstorm and
7474 hail insurance, tornado insurance, or wildfire insurance except as
7575 otherwise provided by this chapter.
7676 (c) A structure, or an addition to a structure, that is
7777 constructed in conformity with plans and specifications that comply
7878 with the specifications set forth in the plan of operation at the
7979 time construction begins may not be declared ineligible for
8080 windstorm and hail insurance, tornado insurance, or wildfire
8181 insurance as a result of subsequent changes in the building
8282 specifications set forth in the plan of operation.
8383 (d) Except as otherwise provided by this section, if repair
8484 of damage to a structure involves replacement of items covered in
8585 the building specifications set forth in the plan of operation, the
8686 repairs must be completed in a manner that complies with those
8787 specifications for the structure to continue to be insurable
8888 property for windstorm and hail insurance, tornado insurance, and
8989 wildfire insurance.
9090 SECTION 4. Sections 2210.005(a) and (c), Insurance Code,
9191 are amended to read as follows:
9292 (a) After at least 10 days' notice and a hearing, the
9393 commissioner may designate, with respect to windstorm and hail
9494 insurance, an area of the seacoast territory of this state as a
9595 catastrophe area or, with respect to tornado insurance and wildfire
9696 insurance, any area of this state as a catastrophe area if the
9797 commissioner determines, unless such a determination results in an
9898 adverse impact to the exposure of the association, that windstorm
9999 and hail insurance, tornado insurance, or wildfire insurance is not
100100 reasonably available to a substantial number of the owners of
101101 insurable property located in the area [that territory] because the
102102 area [territory] is subject to unusually frequent and severe damage
103103 resulting from windstorms, [or] hailstorms, tornadoes, or
104104 wildfires.
105105 (c) If the association determines that windstorm and hail
106106 insurance, tornado insurance, or wildfire insurance is no longer
107107 reasonably unavailable to a substantial number of owners of
108108 insurable property in a territory designated as a catastrophe area,
109109 the association may request in writing that the commissioner revoke
110110 the designation. After at least 10 days' notice and a hearing, but
111111 not later than the 30th day after the date of the hearing, the
112112 commissioner shall:
113113 (1) approve the request and revoke the designation; or
114114 (2) reject the request.
115115 SECTION 5. Section 2210.015(a), Insurance Code, is amended
116116 to read as follows:
117117 (a) Each biennium, the department shall conduct a study of
118118 market incentives to promote participation in the voluntary
119119 windstorm and hail insurance, tornado insurance, and wildfire
120120 insurance markets [market] in [the seacoast territory of] this
121121 state. The study must address as possible incentives the mandatory
122122 or voluntary issuance of windstorm and hail insurance, tornado
123123 insurance, and wildfire insurance in conjunction with the issuance
124124 of a homeowners policy [in the seacoast territory].
125125 SECTION 6. Section 2210.053(b), Insurance Code, is amended
126126 to read as follows:
127127 (b) The department may develop programs to improve the
128128 efficient operation of the association, including a program for
129129 approving policy forms under Section 2301.010 and a program
130130 designed to create incentives for insurers to write windstorm and
131131 hail insurance, tornado insurance, and wildfire insurance
132132 voluntarily to cover property located in a catastrophe area,
133133 especially property located on the barrier islands of this state.
134134 SECTION 7. Section 2210.102(b), Insurance Code, is amended
135135 to read as follows:
136136 (b) Three members must be representatives of the insurance
137137 industry who actively write and renew tornado insurance or wildfire
138138 insurance or write and renew windstorm and hail insurance in the
139139 first tier coastal counties.
140140 SECTION 8. Section 2210.151, Insurance Code, is amended to
141141 read as follows:
142142 Sec. 2210.151. ADOPTION OF PLAN OF OPERATION. With the
143143 advice of the board of directors, the commissioner by rule shall
144144 adopt the plan of operation to provide Texas windstorm and hail
145145 insurance, tornado insurance, and wildfire insurance in a
146146 catastrophe area.
147147 SECTION 9. Section 2210.152(a), Insurance Code, is amended
148148 to read as follows:
149149 (a) The plan of operation must:
150150 (1) provide for the efficient, economical, fair, and
151151 nondiscriminatory administration of the association; and
152152 (2) include:
153153 (A) a plan for the equitable assessment of the
154154 members of the association to defray losses and expenses;
155155 (B) underwriting standards;
156156 (C) procedures for accepting and ceding
157157 reinsurance;
158158 (D) procedures for obtaining and repaying
159159 amounts under any financial instruments authorized under this
160160 chapter;
161161 (E) procedures for determining the amount of
162162 insurance to be provided to specific risks;
163163 (F) time limits and procedures for processing
164164 applications for insurance;
165165 (G) a requirement that a nonresident agent
166166 licensed under Section 4056.052 may not offer or sell a Texas
167167 windstorm and hail insurance policy, tornado insurance policy, or
168168 wildfire insurance policy under this chapter unless the nonresident
169169 agent's state of residence authorizes a resident agent licensed in
170170 this state to act in the nonresident agent's state as an agent for
171171 that state's residual insurer of last resort for windstorm and hail
172172 insurance, tornado insurance, or wildfire insurance; and
173173 (H) other provisions as considered necessary by
174174 the department to implement the purposes of this chapter.
175175 SECTION 10. Sections 2210.202(a) and (b), Insurance Code,
176176 are amended to read as follows:
177177 (a) A person who has an insurable interest in insurable
178178 property may apply to the association for insurance coverage
179179 provided under the plan of operation and an inspection of the
180180 property, subject to any rules established by the board of
181181 directors and approved by the commissioner. The association shall
182182 make insurance available to each applicant in the catastrophe area
183183 whose property is insurable property but who, after diligent
184184 efforts, is unable to obtain property insurance through the
185185 voluntary market, as evidenced by one declination from an insurer
186186 authorized to engage in the business of, and writing, property
187187 insurance providing windstorm and hail coverage in the first tier
188188 coastal counties or tornado insurance or wildfire insurance in this
189189 state. For purposes of this section, "declination" has the meaning
190190 assigned by the plan of operation and shall include a refusal to
191191 offer coverage for the perils of windstorm and hail, tornado, or
192192 wildfire and the inability to obtain substantially equivalent
193193 insurance coverage for the perils of windstorm and hail, tornado,
194194 or wildfire. Notwithstanding Section 2210.203(c), evidence of one
195195 declination every three calendar years is also required with an
196196 application for renewal of an association policy.
197197 (b) A property and casualty agent must submit an application
198198 for initial insurance coverage on behalf of the applicant on forms
199199 prescribed by the association. The association shall develop a
200200 simplified renewal process that allows for the acceptance of an
201201 application for renewal coverage, and payment of premiums, from a
202202 property and casualty agent or a person insured under this chapter.
203203 An application for initial or renewal coverage must contain:
204204 (1) a statement as to whether the applicant has
205205 submitted or will submit the premium in full from personal funds or,
206206 if not, to whom a balance is or will be due; and
207207 (2) a statement that the agent acting on behalf of the
208208 applicant possesses proof of the declination described by
209209 Subsection (a) and, with respect to windstorm and hail insurance,
210210 proof of flood insurance coverage or unavailability of that
211211 coverage as described by Section 2210.203(a-1).
212212 SECTION 11. Section 2210.203(a-1), Insurance Code, is
213213 amended to read as follows:
214214 (a-1) This subsection applies only to windstorm and hail
215215 insurance and a structure constructed, altered, remodeled, or
216216 enlarged on or after September 1, 2009, and only for insurable
217217 property located in areas designated by the commissioner.
218218 Notwithstanding Subsection (a), if all or any part of the property
219219 to which this subsection applies is located in Zone V or another
220220 similar zone with an additional hazard associated with storm waves,
221221 as defined by the National Flood Insurance Program, and if flood
222222 insurance under that federal program is available, the association
223223 may not issue an insurance policy for initial or renewal coverage
224224 unless evidence that the property is covered by a flood insurance
225225 policy is submitted to the association. An agent offering or
226226 selling a Texas windstorm and hail insurance policy in any area
227227 designated by the commissioner under this subsection shall offer
228228 flood insurance coverage to the prospective insured, if that
229229 coverage is available.
230230 SECTION 12. Section 2210.205(a), Insurance Code, is amended
231231 to read as follows:
232232 (a) A windstorm and hail insurance policy, tornado
233233 insurance policy, or wildfire insurance policy issued by the
234234 association must:
235235 (1) require an insured to file a claim under the policy
236236 not later than the first anniversary of the date on which the damage
237237 to property that is the basis of the claim occurs; and
238238 (2) contain, in boldface type, a conspicuous notice
239239 concerning the resolution of disputes under the policy, including:
240240 (A) the processes and deadlines for appraisal
241241 under Section 2210.574 and alternative dispute resolution under
242242 Section 2210.575;
243243 (B) the binding effect of appraisal under Section
244244 2210.574; and
245245 (C) the necessity of complying with the
246246 requirements of Subchapter L-1 to seek relief, including judicial
247247 relief.
248248 SECTION 13. The heading to Section 2210.207, Insurance
249249 Code, is amended to read as follows:
250250 Sec. 2210.207. WINDSTORM AND HAIL INSURANCE, TORNADO
251251 INSURANCE, AND WILDFIRE INSURANCE: REPLACEMENT COST COVERAGE.
252252 SECTION 14. Sections 2210.207(b) and (e), Insurance Code,
253253 are amended to read as follows:
254254 (b) Subject to any applicable deductibles and the limits for
255255 the coverage purchased by the insured, a windstorm and hail
256256 insurance policy, tornado insurance policy, or wildfire insurance
257257 policy issued by the association may include replacement cost
258258 coverage for one- and two-family dwellings, including
259259 outbuildings, as provided under the dwelling extension coverage in
260260 the policy.
261261 (e) Notwithstanding this chapter or any other law, the
262262 commissioner, after notice and hearing, may adopt rules to:
263263 (1) authorize the association to provide actual cash
264264 value coverage instead of replacement cost coverage on the roof
265265 covering of a building insured by the association; and
266266 (2) establish:
267267 (A) the conditions under which the association
268268 may provide that actual cash value coverage;
269269 (B) the appropriate premium reductions when
270270 coverage for the roof covering is provided on an actual cash value
271271 basis; and
272272 (C) the disclosure that must be provided to the
273273 policyholder, prominently displayed on the face of the windstorm
274274 and hail insurance policy, tornado insurance policy, or wildfire
275275 insurance policy.
276276 SECTION 15. The heading to Section 2210.208, Insurance
277277 Code, is amended to read as follows:
278278 Sec. 2210.208. WINDSTORM AND HAIL INSURANCE, TORNADO
279279 INSURANCE, AND WILDFIRE INSURANCE: COVERAGE FOR CERTAIN INDIRECT
280280 LOSSES.
281281 SECTION 16. Sections 2210.208(a) and (b), Insurance Code,
282282 are amended to read as follows:
283283 (a) Except as provided by Subsections (e) and (f), a
284284 windstorm and hail insurance policy, tornado insurance policy, or
285285 wildfire insurance policy issued by the association for a dwelling,
286286 as that term is defined by the department or a successor to the
287287 department, must include coverage for:
288288 (1) with respect to a windstorm and hail insurance
289289 policy, wind-driven rain damage, regardless of whether an opening
290290 is made by the wind;
291291 (2) loss of use; and
292292 (3) consequential losses.
293293 (b) A windstorm and hail insurance policy, tornado
294294 insurance policy, or wildfire insurance policy issued by the
295295 association for tenant contents of a dwelling or other residential
296296 building must include coverage for loss of use and consequential
297297 losses.
298298 SECTION 17. The heading to Subchapter F, Chapter 2210,
299299 Insurance Code, is amended to read as follows:
300300 SUBCHAPTER F. PROPERTY INSPECTIONS [FOR WINDSTORM AND HAIL
301301 INSURANCE]
302302 SECTION 18. Section 2210.253, Insurance Code, is amended to
303303 read as follows:
304304 Sec. 2210.253. INITIAL INSURER ASSESSMENT[: FIRST TIER
305305 COASTAL COUNTY]. (a) In this section, "property insurance" means a
306306 commercial or residential insurance policy prescribed or approved
307307 by the department that provides coverage for windstorm and hail
308308 damage, including a Texas windstorm and hail insurance policy, or
309309 loss from tornado or wildfire.
310310 (b) The department shall assess each insurer that provides
311311 property insurance in [a first tier coastal county in] accordance
312312 with this section.
313313 (c) The total assessment under this section in a state
314314 fiscal year must be in the amount estimated by the department as
315315 necessary to cover the administrative costs of the [windstorm]
316316 inspection program under Section 2210.251 to be incurred in [the
317317 first tier coastal counties in] that fiscal year.
318318 (d) The assessment must be based on each insurer's
319319 proportionate share of the total extended coverage and other allied
320320 lines premium received by all insurers for property insurance in
321321 the state [first tier coastal counties] in the calendar year
322322 preceding the year in which the assessment is made.
323323 (e) The commissioner shall adopt rules to implement the
324324 assessment of insurers under this section.
325325 SECTION 19. Section 2210.2551(b), Insurance Code, is
326326 amended to read as follows:
327327 (b) The commissioner by rule shall establish criteria to
328328 ensure that a person seeking appointment as a qualified inspector
329329 under this subchapter possesses the knowledge, understanding, and
330330 professional competence to perform [windstorm] inspections for the
331331 issuance of a certificate of compliance under Section 2210.2515(d)
332332 and to comply with other requirements of this chapter.
333333 SECTION 20. Section 2210.258, Insurance Code, is amended by
334334 adding Subsection (a-1) to read as follows:
335335 (a-1) This section applies only to windstorm and hail
336336 insurance.
337337 SECTION 21. Section 2210.355(g), Insurance Code, is amended
338338 to read as follows:
339339 (g) A commission paid to an agent for a windstorm and hail
340340 insurance policy, tornado insurance policy, or wildfire insurance
341341 policy issued by the association must comply with the commission
342342 structure approved by the commissioner under Section 2210.203(d)
343343 and be reasonable, adequate, not unfairly discriminatory, and
344344 nonconfiscatory.
345345 SECTION 22. Section 2210.359(a), Insurance Code, is amended
346346 to read as follows:
347347 (a) Except as otherwise provided by this subsection, a rate
348348 approved by the commissioner under this subchapter may not reflect
349349 an average rate change that is more than 10 percent higher or lower
350350 than the rate for commercial windstorm and hail insurance,
351351 commercial tornado insurance, or commercial wildfire insurance or
352352 10 percent higher or lower than the rate for noncommercial
353353 windstorm and hail insurance, noncommercial tornado insurance, or
354354 noncommercial wildfire insurance in effect on the date the filing
355355 is made. The rate may not reflect a rate change for an individual
356356 rating class that is 15 percent higher or lower than the rate for
357357 that individual rating class in effect on the date the filing is
358358 made. This subsection does not apply to a rate filed under Sections
359359 2210.351(a)-(d).
360360 SECTION 23. Section 2210.455(b), Insurance Code, is amended
361361 to read as follows:
362362 (b) The catastrophe plan must:
363363 (1) describe the manner in which the association will,
364364 during the period covered by the plan, evaluate losses and process
365365 claims after the following windstorms affecting an area of maximum
366366 exposure to the association:
367367 (A) a windstorm with a four percent chance of
368368 occurring during the period covered by the plan;
369369 (B) a windstorm with a two percent chance of
370370 occurring during the period covered by the plan; and
371371 (C) a windstorm with a one percent chance of
372372 occurring during the period covered by the plan; [and]
373373 (2) include, if the association does not purchase
374374 reinsurance under Section 2210.453 for the period covered by the
375375 plan, an actuarial plan for paying losses in the event of a
376376 catastrophe with estimated damages of $2.5 billion or more; and
377377 (3) describe the manner in which the association will,
378378 during the period covered by the plan, evaluate losses and process
379379 claims after tornadoes or wildfires affecting an area of maximum
380380 exposure to the association.
381381 SECTION 24. Section 2210.501(a), Insurance Code, is amended
382382 to read as follows:
383383 (a) The board of directors shall propose the maximum
384384 liability limits under a windstorm and hail insurance policy,
385385 tornado insurance policy, and wildfire insurance policy issued by
386386 the association under this chapter. The maximum liability limits
387387 must be approved by the commissioner.
388388 SECTION 25. Section 2210.502(b), Insurance Code, is amended
389389 to read as follows:
390390 (b) An adjustment to the maximum liability limits that is
391391 approved by the commissioner applies to each windstorm and hail
392392 insurance policy, tornado insurance policy, and wildfire insurance
393393 policy delivered, issued for delivery, or renewed on or after
394394 January 1 of the year following the date of the approval. The
395395 indexing of the limits shall adjust for changes occurring on and
396396 after January 1, 1997.
397397 SECTION 26. Section 2210.505(a), Insurance Code, is amended
398398 to read as follows:
399399 (a) Notwithstanding any other law, the association may
400400 issue a windstorm and hail insurance policy, tornado insurance
401401 policy, or wildfire insurance policy that includes coverage for an
402402 amount in excess of a maximum liability limit established under
403403 Sections 2210.501-2210.504 if the association first obtains from a
404404 reinsurer approved by the commissioner reinsurance for the full
405405 amount of policy exposure above that limit.
406406 SECTION 27. Section 2210.571(1), Insurance Code, is amended
407407 to read as follows:
408408 (1) "Association policy" means a windstorm and hail
409409 insurance policy, tornado insurance policy, or wildfire insurance
410410 policy issued by the association.
411411 SECTION 28. Section 2210.601, Insurance Code, is amended to
412412 read as follows:
413413 Sec. 2210.601. PURPOSE. The legislature finds that
414414 authorizing the issuance of public securities to provide a method
415415 to raise funds to provide [windstorm and hail insurance] through
416416 the association windstorm and hail insurance in certain designated
417417 portions of the state and tornado insurance and wildfire insurance
418418 statewide is for the benefit of the public and in furtherance of a
419419 public purpose.
420420 SECTION 29. Section 2210.6132(c), Insurance Code, is
421421 amended to read as follows:
422422 (c) The premium surcharge under this section shall be
423423 assessed on all policyholders of policies that cover insured
424424 property that is located in a catastrophe area, including
425425 automobiles principally garaged in a catastrophe area. The premium
426426 surcharge shall be assessed on each Texas windstorm and hail
427427 insurance policy, each tornado insurance policy, and each wildfire
428428 insurance policy issued by the association and each property and
429429 casualty policy, including an automobile insurance policy, issued
430430 for automobiles and other property located in the catastrophe area.
431431 A premium surcharge under Subsection (b) applies to:
432432 (1) all policies written under the following lines of
433433 insurance:
434434 (A) fire and allied lines;
435435 (B) farm and ranch owners;
436436 (C) residential property insurance;
437437 (D) private passenger automobile liability and
438438 physical damage insurance; and
439439 (E) commercial automobile liability and physical
440440 damage insurance; and
441441 (2) the property insurance portion of a commercial
442442 multiple peril insurance policy.
443443 SECTION 30. Section 2210.652, Insurance Code, is amended to
444444 read as follows:
445445 Sec. 2210.652. COMPOSITION OF BOARD. The [windstorm
446446 insurance legislative oversight] board is composed of eight members
447447 as follows:
448448 (1) four members of the senate appointed by the
449449 lieutenant governor, including the chairperson of the Senate
450450 Business and Commerce Committee, who shall serve as co-chairperson
451451 of the board; and
452452 (2) four members of the house of representatives
453453 appointed by the speaker of the house of representatives.
454454 SECTION 31. Section 2210.653(a), Insurance Code, is amended
455455 to read as follows:
456456 (a) The board shall:
457457 (1) receive information about rules proposed by the
458458 department relating to windstorm and hail insurance, tornado
459459 insurance, and wildfire insurance, and may submit comments to the
460460 commissioner on the proposed rules;
461461 (2) monitor windstorm and hail insurance, tornado
462462 insurance, and wildfire insurance in this state, including:
463463 (A) the adequacy of rates;
464464 (B) the operation of the association; and
465465 (C) the availability of coverage; and
466466 (3) review recommendations for legislation proposed
467467 by the department or the association.
468468 SECTION 32. Section 2210.654(b), Insurance Code, is amended
469469 to read as follows:
470470 (b) The report must include:
471471 (1) an analysis of any problems identified; and
472472 (2) recommendations for any legislative action
473473 necessary to address those problems and to foster stability,
474474 availability, and competition within the windstorm and hail
475475 insurance, tornado insurance, and wildfire insurance industries
476476 [industry].
477477 SECTION 33. (a) The plan of operation adopted under
478478 Chapter 2210, Insurance Code, as amended by this Act, must provide
479479 that the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association issue tornado
480480 insurance policies and wildfire insurance policies under that
481481 chapter not later than January 1, 2020.
482482 (b) The commissioner of insurance shall adopt rules
483483 necessary to ensure that the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association
484484 issue insurance policies under Chapter 2210, Insurance Code, as
485485 amended by this Act, not later than January 1, 2020.
486486 SECTION 34. This Act takes effect September 1, 2019.