Texas 2021 - 87th Regular

Texas House Bill HB1015 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

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1	1	By: Toth H.B. No. 1015
2	2
3	3
4	4	A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
5	5	AN ACT
6	6	relating to an education microgrant pilot program for certain
7	7	children with special needs and other educational disadvantages.
8	8	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
9	9	SECTION 1. Chapter 29, Education Code, is amended by adding
10	10	Subchapter J to read as follows:
11	11	SUBCHAPTER J. EDUCATION MICROGRANT PILOT PROGRAM
12	12	Sec. 29.351. DEFINITIONS. In this subchapter:
13	13	(1) "Microgrant" means an education microgrant
14	14	account established under the pilot program.
15	15	(2) "Account" means an education microgrant account
16	16	established under the pilot program.
17	17	(3) "Child with a disability" means a child who is:
18	18	(A) eligible to participate in a school
19	19	district's special education program under Section 29.003; or
20	20	(B) covered by Section 504, Rehabilitation Act of
21	21	1973 (29 U.S.C. Section 794).
22	22	(4) "Curriculum" means a complete course of study for
23	23	a particular content area or grade level.
24	24	(5) "Financial institution" means a bank, credit
25	25	union, savings bank, or savings and loan association organized
26	26	under the laws of this state, the laws of another state, or federal
27	27	law that has its main office or a branch office in this state. The
28	28	term does not include any institution the deposits of which are not
29	29	insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the
30	30	National Credit Union Administration.
31	31	(6) "Parent" means a resident of this state who is a
32	32	natural or adoptive parent, managing or possessory conservator,
33	33	legal guardian, custodian, or other person with legal authority to
34	34	act on behalf of a child.
35	35	(7) "Pilot program" means the education microgrant
36	36	pilot program established under this subchapter.
37	37	(8) "Pilot program participant" means a child and a
38	38	parent of a child enrolled in the pilot program.
39	39	(9) "Postsecondary educational institution" means:
40	40	(A) an institution of higher education or a
41	41	private or independent institution of higher education as defined
42	42	by Section 61.003; or
43	43	(B) a career school or college as defined by
44	44	Section 132.001.
45	45	Sec. 29.352. PURPOSES. The purposes of the education
46	46	microgrant pilot program are to:
47	47	(1) improve public schools in Houston and overall
48	48	academic performance in Houston schools;
49	49	(2) promote efficiency in Houston schools;
50	50	(3) promote and preserve the liberties and rights of
51	51	the people in Houston; and
52	52	(4) increase parental options in Houston.
53	53	Sec. 29.353. ESTABLISHMENT OF PILOT PROGRAM. (a) The
54	54	comptroller shall establish and administer an education microgrant
55	55	pilot program to provide funding for certain education-related
56	56	expenses of eligible children.
57	57	(b) The comptroller shall implement the pilot program in the
58	58	city of Houston.
59	59	(c) The comptroller, with cooperation from the agency,
60	60	shall ensure that information about the pilot program is readily
61	61	available to the public through various sources, including the
62	62	comptroller's Internet website. The comptroller shall make
63	63	information about the pilot program available to parents of an
64	64	eligible child through the comptroller's Internet website.
65	65	Sec. 29.354. ELIGIBLE CHILD. (a) A child is eligible to
66	66	participate in the pilot program if the child resides in the city of
67	67	Houston and:
68	68	(1) is eligible to attend a public school under
69	69	Section 25.001;
70	70	(2) either:
71	71	(A) attended a public school during the entire
72	72	preceding school year;
73	73	(B) is entering kindergarten or first grade; or
74	74	(C) participated in the pilot program in a
75	75	preceding school year; and
76	76	(3) meets one or more of the following criteria:
77	77	(A) is a child with a disability;
78	78	(B) resides in a school district that received an
79	79	unacceptable performance rating under Section 39.054 for the
80	80	preceding school year;
81	81	(C) is in the conservatorship of the Department
82	82	of Family and Protective Services;
83	83	(D) has been:
84	84	(i) on or after September 1, 2021, found by
85	85	a school district to be a victim of bullying, as defined by Section
86	86	37.0832; or
87	87	(ii) found by a court or jury to have
88	88	engaged in truant conduct under Section 65.101, Family Code;
89	89	(E) has dropped out of school or is a student at
90	90	risk of dropping out of school, as defined by Section 29.081; or
91	91	(F) has been, as determined by the comptroller, a
92	92	victim of an offense described by any of the following sections of
93	93	the Penal Code:
94	94	(i) Section 20A.02 (Trafficking of
95	95	Persons);
96	96	(ii) Section 20A.03 (Continuous
97	97	Trafficking of Persons);
98	98	(iii) Section 21.02 (Continuous Sexual
99	99	Abuse of Young Child or Children);
100	100	(iv) Section 21.11 (Indecency with a
101	101	Child);
102	102	(v) Section 22.011 (Sexual Assault);
103	103	(vi) Section 22.021 (Aggravated Sexual
104	104	Assault); or
105	105	(vii) Section 43.05 (Compelling
106	106	Prostitution).
107	107	(b) A child who establishes eligibility under this section
108	108	may participate in the pilot program until the earliest of the
109	109	following dates:
110	110	(1) the date on which the child no longer meets the
111	111	eligibility requirements under Subsection (a);
112	112	(2) the date that is three months after the date on
113	113	which the child either:
114	114	(A) graduates from high school; or
115	115	(B) receives a high school equivalency
116	116	certificate under Section 7.111;
117	117	(3) the date on which the child enrolls in a public
118	118	school, including an open-enrollment charter school; or
119	119	(4) the date on which the child is declared ineligible
120	120	for the pilot program by the comptroller under this subchapter.
121	121	(c) Notwithstanding Subsection (b), the comptroller shall
122	122	establish guidelines for, in the least disruptive manner possible:
123	123	(1) a child participating in the pilot program to
124	124	cease participation and enroll in a public school, including an
125	125	open-enrollment charter school; and
126	126	(2) a child who previously participated in the pilot
127	127	program and subsequently enrolled in a public school, including an
128	128	open-enrollment charter school, to resume participation in the
129	129	pilot program.
130	130	Sec. 29.355. ENROLLMENT IN PILOT PROGRAM. (a) A parent of
131	131	an eligible child may enroll the child in the pilot program for the
132	132	following school year.
133	133	(b) The comptroller shall by rule create an enrollment form
134	134	for the pilot program and make the enrollment form readily
135	135	available to interested parents through various sources, including
136	136	the comptroller's Internet website.
137	137	(c) The comptroller shall work with the agency to include
138	138	necessary information in the enrollment form including resident
139	139	school district, last public school attended, information
140	140	necessary to identify the student in district and agency
141	141	information systems, and eligibility for free and reduced lunch.
142	142	(d) The comptroller shall provide to each parent who submits
143	143	an enrollment form a publication that describes the operation of
144	144	the pilot program, including:
145	145	(1) expenses allowed under the pilot program under
146	146	Section 29.357;
147	147	(2) expense reporting requirements; and
148	148	(3) a description of the responsibilities of pilot
149	149	program participants and the duties of the comptroller under this
150	150	subchapter.
151	151	Sec. 29.356. PARTICIPATION IN PILOT PROGRAM. (a) To
152	152	receive funding under the pilot program, a parent of an eligible
153	153	child must agree to:
154	154	(1) spend funds received through the pilot program
155	155	only for expenses allowed under Section 29.357;
156	156	(2) notify the comptroller if the child enrolls in a
157	157	public school, including an open-enrollment charter school, not
158	158	later than the 30th day after the date of enrollment; and
159	159	(3) inform the comptroller if the child graduates from
160	160	high school.
161	161	(b) The parent of a child participating in the pilot program
162	162	is the trustee of the child's microgrant account.
163	163	(c) The comptroller shall provide annually to each pilot
164	164	program participant the publication provided under Section
165	165	29.355(d).
166	166	Sec. 29.357. APPROVED EDUCATION-RELATED EXPENSES. (a)
167	167	Funds received under the pilot program may be used only for the
168	168	following expenses incurred by a pilot program participant:
169	169	(1) tuition and fees:
170	170	(A) at a private school accredited by an
171	171	organization that is recognized by the Texas Private School
172	172	Accreditation Commission;
173	173	(B) at a postsecondary educational institution
174	174	for courses described by Section 28.009 for which the child may
175	175	receive high school credit based on the written agreement drawn up
176	176	by the partner institutions; or
177	177	(C) for an online educational course or program
178	178	through the state virtual school network under Chapter 30A for
179	179	which the child may earn primary or secondary school credit;
180	180	(2) the purchase of textbooks or other instructional
181	181	materials;
182	182	(3) payments for the purchase of a curriculum;
183	183	(4) fees for classes or other educational services
184	184	provided by a public school, if the classes or services do not
185	185	qualify the child to be included in the school's average daily
186	186	attendance;
187	187	(5) fees for services provided by a private tutor or
188	188	teaching service;
189	189	(6) for a child with a disability, fees for
190	190	educational therapies or services, including applied behavior
191	191	analysis, provided by a practitioner or provider, only for fees
192	192	that are not covered by any federal, state, or local government
193	193	benefits such as Medicaid or the Children's Health Insurance
194	194	Program (CHIP) or by any private insurance that the child is
195	195	enrolled in at the time of receiving the therapies or services;
196	196	(7) costs of computer hardware and software and other
197	197	technological devices which must have a clear ability to be used for
198	198	educational purposes, not to exceed in any year 10 percent of the
199	199	total amount paid to the pilot program participant's microgrant
200	200	that year;
201	201	(8) fees for a nationally norm-referenced achievement
202	202	test or examination, an assessment instrument adopted by the agency
203	203	under Section 39.023, an advanced placement test or similar
204	204	examination, or any examination related to college or university
205	205	admission;
206	206	(9) contributions to a qualified tuition program
207	207	established for the child that meets the requirements of Section
208	208	529 or 530, Internal Revenue Code of 1986, not to exceed in any year
209	209	25 percent of the total amount paid to the pilot program
210	210	participant's microgrant that year; and
211	211	(10) fees for the management of the pilot program
212	212	participant's account charged by a financial institution.
213	213	(b) Expenses allowed under Subsection (a) do not include
214	214	expenses for:
215	215	(1) consumable supplies, including paper, pens,
216	216	pencils, folders, and notebooks;
217	217	(2) food; or
218	218	(3) before-school or after-school child care and child
219	219	care during school holidays and vacations.
220	220	(c) An education service provider or vendor of educational
221	221	products must provide a pilot program participant with a receipt
222	222	for each expense allowed under Subsection (a) charged by the
223	223	provider or vendor to the participant.
224	224	(d) The content or religious nature of a product or service
225	225	may not be considered in determining whether a payment for the
226	226	product or service is an expense allowed under Subsection (a).
227	227	(e) A finding that a pilot program participant used funds
228	228	distributed under the pilot program to pay for an expense not
229	229	allowed under Subsection (a) does not affect the validity of any
230	230	payment made by the participant for an expense that is allowed under
231	231	that subsection.
232	232	Sec. 29.358. AMOUNT OF PAYMENT; FINANCING. (a) A parent of
233	233	an eligible child as described in Section 29.354 shall receive each
234	234	year that the child participates in the pilot program a payment from
235	235	the Foundation School Program to the child's microgrant in an
236	236	amount that is equal to 60 percent of the state average maintenance
237	237	and operations expenditures per student for the preceding fiscal
238	238	year.
239	239	(b) Any funds remaining in a child's microgrant account at
240	240	the end of a fiscal year are carried forward to the next fiscal year
241	241	unless another provision of this subchapter requires the closure of
242	242	the account.
243	243	(c) The parent of a child participating in the pilot program
244	244	may make payments for the expenses of educational programs,
245	245	services, and products not covered by funds in the child's
246	246	microgrant.
247	247	(d) A payment under the pilot program may not be financed
248	248	using federal funds or money appropriated from the available school
249	249	fund.
250	250	Sec. 29.359. ADMINISTRATION OF ACCOUNTS. (a) The
251	251	comptroller may contract with one or more financial institutions to
252	252	establish and manage an account for each child participating in the
253	253	pilot program. A pilot program participant must be able to access
254	254	the participant's account by using a debit card or online or
255	255	electronic transfer payment service.
256	256	(b) The comptroller shall make quarterly payments to each
257	257	pilot program participant's account in equal amounts on or before
258	258	the 15th day of August, November, February, and May.
259	259	(c) The comptroller may deduct an amount from each quarterly
260	260	payment to a pilot program participant's account to cover the
261	261	comptroller's cost of administering the pilot program. The amount
262	262	deducted may not exceed three percent of the payment.
263	263	(d) Within the first month following the end of each fiscal
264	264	year, the comptroller shall reconcile payments made to and from all
265	265	accounts under the pilot program.
266	266	(e) The comptroller shall coordinate as necessary to
267	267	calculate annually the savings to the state from the implementation
268	268	of the pilot program.
269	269	(f) On the date on which a child ceases to participate in the
270	270	pilot program for any reason, the child's account is closed and any
271	271	remaining funds are returned to the state for deposit in the
272	272	foundation school fund. This subsection does not affect a child's
273	273	eligibility to resume participation in the pilot program.
274	274	(g) The comptroller may contract with a private entity to
275	275	administer all or any part of the pilot program.
276	276	Sec. 29.360. RANDOM AUDITING OF ACCOUNTS. (a) The
277	277	comptroller shall randomly audit, or contract with a private entity
278	278	to randomly audit, accounts as necessary to ensure compliance with
279	279	applicable law and the requirements of the pilot program.
280	280	(b) In auditing an account, the comptroller or private
281	281	entity may require that a pilot program participant provide further
282	282	information and documentation regarding any payment from the
283	283	participant's account.
284	284	(c) The private entity shall report to the comptroller any
285	285	violation of this subchapter or other relevant law found by the
286	286	entity during an audit conducted under this section.
287	287	Sec. 29.361. SUSPENSION OF ACCOUNT. (a) The comptroller
288	288	shall suspend the account of a pilot program participant who fails
289	289	to comply with applicable law or a requirement of the pilot program,
290	290	including a requirement under Section 29.356(a), or who
291	291	substantially misuses funds received under the pilot program.
292	292	(b) On suspension of an account under Subsection (a), the
293	293	comptroller shall notify the participant in writing that the
294	294	account has been suspended and that no further payments may be made
295	295	from the account. The notification must specify the grounds for the
296	296	suspension and state that the participant has 10 business days to
297	297	respond and take any corrective action required by the comptroller.
298	298	(c) On the expiration of the 10-day period under Subsection
299	299	(b), the comptroller shall:
300	300	(1) order permanent closure of the suspended account
301	301	and declare the participant ineligible for the pilot program;
302	302	(2) order temporary reinstatement of the account,
303	303	conditioned on the performance of a specified action by the
304	304	participant; or
305	305	(3) order full reinstatement of the account.
306	306	(d) If a pilot program participant's account is suspended or
307	307	closed under this section, the comptroller may recover funds that
308	308	were used for expenses not allowed under Section 29.357(a) from the
309	309	participant or the entity that received the funds.
310	310	Sec. 29.362. TUITION AND FEES; REFUND PROHIBITED. (a) An
311	311	education service provider may not charge a child participating in
312	312	the pilot program an amount greater than the standard amount
313	313	charged for that service by the provider.
314	314	(b) An education service provider or a vendor of educational
315	315	products receiving funds distributed under the pilot program may
316	316	not in any manner rebate, refund, or credit to or share with a pilot
317	317	program participant, or any person on behalf of a participant, any
318	318	pilot program funds paid or owed by the participant to the provider
319	319	or vendor.
320	320	Sec. 29.363. REFERRAL TO ATTORNEY GENERAL. (a) If the
321	321	comptroller obtains evidence of fraudulent use of an account, the
322	322	comptroller may refer the case to the attorney general for
323	323	investigation.
324	324	(b) With the consent of the appropriate local county or
325	325	district attorney, the attorney general has concurrent
326	326	jurisdiction with the consenting local prosecutor to prosecute an
327	327	offense referred to the attorney general under Subsection (a).
328	328	Sec. 29.364. PROVIDER ACCOUNTABILITY. (a) A private
329	329	school must be accredited by an organization that is recognized by
330	330	the Texas Private School Accreditation Commission to receive funds
331	331	distributed under the pilot program.
332	332	(b) At least 75 percent of funds received by a private
333	333	school under the pilot program must be used to provide educational
334	334	programs and services for children participating in the pilot
335	335	program.
336	336	(c) A private tutor or teaching service and a practitioner
337	337	or provider who provides educational therapies or services for a
338	338	child with a disability must be licensed or accredited by a regional
339	339	or national accrediting organization to receive funds distributed
340	340	under the pilot program.
341	341	Sec. 29.365. PILOT PROGRAM PARTICIPANT, PROVIDER, AND
342	342	VENDOR AUTONOMY. (a) An education service provider or vendor of
343	343	educational products that receives funds distributed under the
344	344	pilot program is not an agent of the state or federal government.
345	345	(b) Except as provided by this subchapter, the comptroller,
346	346	the agency, the State Board of Education, any other state agency, or
347	347	any school district may not:
348	348	(1) regulate the educational program of an education
349	349	service provider or vendor of educational products that receives
350	350	funds distributed under the pilot program; or
351	351	(2) exercise control or supervision over a pilot
352	352	program participant or an education service provider or vendor of
353	353	educational products that receives funds distributed under the
354	354	pilot program.
355	355	(c) The pilot program does not expand the regulatory
356	356	authority of the state or any school district to impose any
357	357	additional regulation on an education service provider or vendor of
358	358	educational products except those reasonably necessary to enforce
359	359	the pilot program as provided by this subchapter.
360	360	(d) A private school may not be required to modify the
361	361	school's creed, practices, admissions policies, curriculum,
362	362	performance standards, or assessments to receive funds distributed
363	363	under the pilot program.
364	364	(e) A private school voluntarily selected by a parent for
365	365	the parent's child to attend or a parent who homeschools the
366	366	parent's child, with or without governmental assistance, may not be
367	367	required to comply with any state law or rule governing the
368	368	applicable educational program that was not in effect on January 1,
369	369	2021.
370	370	(f) In any proceeding challenging a rule adopted by a state
371	371	agency or officer under this subchapter, the agency or officer has
372	372	the burden of proof to establish that the rule:
373	373	(1) is necessary to implement or enforce the pilot
374	374	program as provided by this subchapter; and
375	375	(2) does not impose an undue burden on a pilot program
376	376	participant or an education service provider or vendor of
377	377	educational products that receives or seeks to receive funds
378	378	distributed under the pilot program.
379	379	Sec. 29.366. STUDENT RECORDS. On request by the parent of a
380	380	child participating in the pilot program, the school district or
381	381	open-enrollment charter school that the child would otherwise
382	382	attend shall provide a copy of the child's school records possessed
383	383	by the district or school, if any, to the child's parent or, if
384	384	applicable, the private school the child attends.
385	385	Sec. 29.367. REPORTING NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS. (a) Not
386	386	later than October 1 of each year, the comptroller shall notify the
387	387	commissioner and the Legislative Budget Board of the number of
388	388	eligible children likely to participate in the pilot program,
389	389	disaggregated by the school district or open-enrollment charter
390	390	school the eligible children would otherwise attend.
391	391	(b) Not later than March 1 of each year, the comptroller
392	392	shall provide final information to the commissioner and the
393	393	Legislative Budget Board regarding the number of children
394	394	participating in the pilot program, disaggregated in the same
395	395	manner as the initial information under Subsection (a).
396	396	Sec. 29.368. ANNUAL SURVEY. The comptroller may conduct an
397	397	annual parental satisfaction survey that asks each parent of a
398	398	child participating in the pilot program to express:
399	399	(1) the parent's overall level of satisfaction with
400	400	the pilot program; and
401	401	(2) the parent's opinion on specified topics and
402	402	issues relevant to the effectiveness of the pilot program.
403	403	Sec. 29.369. GIFTS, GRANTS, AND DONATIONS. The comptroller
404	404	may solicit and accept gifts, grants, and donations from any public
405	405	or private source for any expenses related to the initial
406	406	implementation or administration of the pilot program.
407	407	Sec. 29.370. REPORT. Not later than December 1, 2030, the
408	408	comptroller shall submit to the legislature a report on the
409	409	effectiveness of the pilot program and a recommendation regarding
410	410	whether the pilot program should be continued, expanded, or
411	411	terminated.
412	412	Sec. 29.371. RULES. The comptroller shall adopt rules as
413	413	necessary to implement this subchapter, including:
414	414	(1) rules regarding expense reporting requirements
415	415	for pilot program participants; and
416	416	(2) rules for implementing this subchapter in a manner
417	417	that ensures compliance with federal law regarding confidentiality
418	418	of student educational information, including the Family
419	419	Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (20 U.S.C. Section
420	420	1232g).
421	421	Sec. 29.372. EXPIRATION. This subchapter expires September
422	422	1, 2031.
423	423	SECTION 2. Section 48.266, Education Code, is amended by
424	424	adding Subsection (b-1) to read as follows:
425	425	(b-1) Notwithstanding Subsection (b), the commissioner
426	426	shall adjust enrollment estimates and entitlement for each school
427	427	district for each school year based on information provided by the
428	428	comptroller under Section 29.367. This subsection expires
429	429	September 1, 2024.
430	430	SECTION 3. Section 58.106, Family Code, is amended by
431	431	adding Subsection (a-1) to read as follows:
432	432	(a-1) Information contained in the juvenile justice
433	433	information system may be disseminated to the comptroller for the
434	434	purpose of determining a child's eligibility to participate in the
435	435	education microgrant pilot program under Subchapter J, Chapter 29,
436	436	Education Code. Information disseminated under this subsection
437	437	remains confidential after dissemination and may be disclosed by
438	438	the comptroller only as provided by this title. This subsection
439	439	expires September 1, 2031.
440	440	SECTION 4. Section 58.260, Family Code, is amended by
441	441	adding Subsection (a-1) to read as follows:
442	442	(a-1) A juvenile court shall allow, by order, the inspection
443	443	of records sealed under this subchapter or under Section 58.003, as
444	444	that law existed before September 1, 2017, by the comptroller for
445	445	the purpose of determining a person's eligibility to participate in
446	446	the education microgrant pilot program under Subchapter J, Chapter
447	447	29, Education Code.
448	448	SECTION 5. Section 65.202, Family Code, is amended to read
449	449	as follows:
450	450	Sec. 65.202. CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS. (a) Records and
451	451	files created under this chapter may be disclosed only to:
452	452	(1) the judge of the truancy court, the truant conduct
453	453	prosecutor, and the staff of the judge and prosecutor;
454	454	(2) the child or an attorney for the child;
455	455	(3) a governmental agency if the disclosure is
456	456	required or authorized by law;
457	457	(4) a person or entity to whom the child is referred
458	458	for treatment or services if the agency or institution disclosing
459	459	the information has entered into a written confidentiality
460	460	agreement with the person or entity regarding the protection of the
461	461	disclosed information;
462	462	(5) the Texas Department of Criminal Justice and the
463	463	Texas Juvenile Justice Department for the purpose of maintaining
464	464	statistical records of recidivism and for diagnosis and
465	465	classification;
466	466	(6) the agency; or
467	467	(7) with leave of the truancy court, any other person,
468	468	agency, or institution having a legitimate interest in the
469	469	proceeding or in the work of the court.
470	470	(b) Records and files created under this chapter may also be
471	471	disclosed to the comptroller for the purpose of determining a
472	472	child's eligibility to participate in the education microgrant
473	473	pilot program under Subchapter J, Chapter 29, Education Code. This
474	474	subsection expires September 1, 2031.
475	475	SECTION 6. Section 411.109, Government Code, is amended by
476	476	adding Subsection (c) to read as follows:
477	477	(c) The comptroller is entitled to obtain from the
478	478	department criminal history record information maintained by the
479	479	department that relates to a child for the purpose of determining
480	480	the child's eligibility to participate in the education microgrant
481	481	pilot program under Subchapter J, Chapter 29, Education Code. This
482	482	subsection expires September 1, 2031.
483	483	SECTION 7. This Act applies beginning with the 2021-2022
484	484	school year.
485	485	SECTION 8. Not later than 45 days after the effective date
486	486	of this Act, the comptroller of public accounts shall adopt rules
487	487	necessary to implement the education microgrant pilot program under
488	488	Subchapter J, Chapter 29, Education Code, as added by this Act.
489	489	SECTION 9. This Act takes effect immediately if it receives
490	490	a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as
491	491	provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. If this
492	492	Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this
493	493	Act takes effect September 1, 2021.