Texas 2023 - 88th Regular

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11 88R10405 SHH-F
22 By: Swanson H.J.R. No. 124
33
44
55 A JOINT RESOLUTION
66 proposing a constitutional amendment to remove the requirement that
77 a home equity loan be closed only at the office of the lender, an
88 attorney at law, or a title company.
99 BE IT RESOLVED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
1010 SECTION 1. Sections 50(a) and (g), Article XVI, Texas
1111 Constitution, are amended to read as follows:
1212 (a) The homestead of a family, or of a single adult person,
1313 shall be, and is hereby protected from forced sale, for the payment
1414 of all debts except for:
1515 (1) the purchase money thereof, or a part of such
1616 purchase money;
1717 (2) the taxes due thereon;
1818 (3) an owelty of partition imposed against the
1919 entirety of the property by a court order or by a written agreement
2020 of the parties to the partition, including a debt of one spouse in
2121 favor of the other spouse resulting from a division or an award of a
2222 family homestead in a divorce proceeding;
2323 (4) the refinance of a lien against a homestead,
2424 including a federal tax lien resulting from the tax debt of both
2525 spouses, if the homestead is a family homestead, or from the tax
2626 debt of the owner;
2727 (5) work and material used in constructing new
2828 improvements thereon, if contracted for in writing, or work and
2929 material used to repair or renovate existing improvements thereon
3030 if:
3131 (A) the work and material are contracted for in
3232 writing, with the consent of both spouses, in the case of a family
3333 homestead, given in the same manner as is required in making a sale
3434 and conveyance of the homestead;
3535 (B) the contract for the work and material is not
3636 executed by the owner or the owner's spouse before the fifth day
3737 after the owner makes written application for any extension of
3838 credit for the work and material, unless the work and material are
3939 necessary to complete immediate repairs to conditions on the
4040 homestead property that materially affect the health or safety of
4141 the owner or person residing in the homestead and the owner of the
4242 homestead acknowledges such in writing;
4343 (C) the contract for the work and material
4444 expressly provides that the owner may rescind the contract without
4545 penalty or charge within three days after the execution of the
4646 contract by all parties, unless the work and material are necessary
4747 to complete immediate repairs to conditions on the homestead
4848 property that materially affect the health or safety of the owner or
4949 person residing in the homestead and the owner of the homestead
5050 acknowledges such in writing; and
5151 (D) the contract for the work and material is
5252 executed by the owner and the owner's spouse only at the office of a
5353 third-party lender making an extension of credit for the work and
5454 material, an attorney at law, or a title company;
5555 (6) an extension of credit that:
5656 (A) is secured by a voluntary lien on the
5757 homestead created under a written agreement with the consent of
5858 each owner and each owner's spouse;
5959 (B) is of a principal amount that when added to
6060 the aggregate total of the outstanding principal balances of all
6161 other indebtedness secured by valid encumbrances of record against
6262 the homestead does not exceed 80 percent of the fair market value of
6363 the homestead on the date the extension of credit is made;
6464 (C) is without recourse for personal liability
6565 against each owner and the spouse of each owner, unless the owner or
6666 spouse obtained the extension of credit by actual fraud;
6767 (D) is secured by a lien that may be foreclosed
6868 upon only by a court order;
6969 (E) does not require the owner or the owner's
7070 spouse to pay, in addition to any interest or any bona fide discount
7171 points used to buy down the interest rate, any fees to any person
7272 that are necessary to originate, evaluate, maintain, record,
7373 insure, or service the extension of credit that exceed, in the
7474 aggregate, two percent of the original principal amount of the
7575 extension of credit, excluding fees for:
7676 (i) an appraisal performed by a third party
7777 appraiser;
7878 (ii) a property survey performed by a state
7979 registered or licensed surveyor;
8080 (iii) a state base premium for a mortgagee
8181 policy of title insurance with endorsements established in
8282 accordance with state law; or
8383 (iv) a title examination report if its cost
8484 is less than the state base premium for a mortgagee policy of title
8585 insurance without endorsements established in accordance with
8686 state law;
8787 (F) is not a form of open-end account that may be
8888 debited from time to time or under which credit may be extended from
8989 time to time unless the open-end account is a home equity line of
9090 credit;
9191 (G) is payable in advance without penalty or
9292 other charge;
9393 (H) is not secured by any additional real or
9494 personal property other than the homestead;
9595 (I) (repealed);
9696 (J) may not be accelerated because of a decrease
9797 in the market value of the homestead or because of the owner's
9898 default under other indebtedness not secured by a prior valid
9999 encumbrance against the homestead;
100100 (K) is the only debt secured by the homestead at
101101 the time the extension of credit is made unless the other debt was
102102 made for a purpose described by Subsections (a)(1)-(a)(5) or
103103 Subsection (a)(8) of this section;
104104 (L) is scheduled to be repaid:
105105 (i) in substantially equal successive
106106 periodic installments, not more often than every 14 days and not
107107 less often than monthly, beginning no later than two months from the
108108 date the extension of credit is made, each of which equals or
109109 exceeds the amount of accrued interest as of the date of the
110110 scheduled installment; or
111111 (ii) if the extension of credit is a home
112112 equity line of credit, in periodic payments described under
113113 Subsection (t)(8) of this section;
114114 (M) is closed not before:
115115 (i) the 12th day after the later of the date
116116 that the owner of the homestead submits a loan application to the
117117 lender for the extension of credit or the date that the lender
118118 provides the owner a copy of the notice prescribed by Subsection (g)
119119 of this section;
120120 (ii) one business day after the date that
121121 the owner of the homestead receives a copy of the loan application
122122 if not previously provided and a final itemized disclosure of the
123123 actual fees, points, interest, costs, and charges that will be
124124 charged at closing. If a bona fide emergency or another good cause
125125 exists and the lender obtains the written consent of the owner, the
126126 lender may provide the documentation to the owner or the lender may
127127 modify previously provided documentation on the date of closing;
128128 and
129129 (iii) the first anniversary of the closing
130130 date of any other extension of credit described by Subsection
131131 (a)(6) of this section secured by the same homestead property,
132132 except a refinance described by Paragraph (Q)(x)(f) of this
133133 subdivision, unless the owner on oath requests an earlier closing
134134 due to a state of emergency that:
135135 (a) has been declared by the president
136136 of the United States or the governor as provided by law; and
137137 (b) applies to the area where the
138138 homestead is located;
139139 (N) (repealed) [is closed only at the office of
140140 the lender, an attorney at law, or a title company];
141141 (O) permits a lender to contract for and receive
142142 any fixed or variable rate of interest authorized under statute;
143143 (P) is made by one of the following that has not
144144 been found by a federal regulatory agency to have engaged in the
145145 practice of refusing to make loans because the applicants for the
146146 loans reside or the property proposed to secure the loans is located
147147 in a certain area:
148148 (i) a bank, savings and loan association,
149149 savings bank, or credit union doing business under the laws of this
150150 state or the United States, including a subsidiary of a bank,
151151 savings and loan association, savings bank, or credit union
152152 described by this subparagraph;
153153 (ii) a federally chartered lending
154154 instrumentality or a person approved as a mortgagee by the United
155155 States government to make federally insured loans;
156156 (iii) a person licensed to make regulated
157157 loans, as provided by statute of this state;
158158 (iv) a person who sold the homestead
159159 property to the current owner and who provided all or part of the
160160 financing for the purchase;
161161 (v) a person who is related to the homestead
162162 property owner within the second degree of affinity or
163163 consanguinity; or
164164 (vi) a person regulated by this state as a
165165 mortgage banker or mortgage company; and
166166 (Q) is made on the condition that:
167167 (i) the owner of the homestead is not
168168 required to apply the proceeds of the extension of credit to repay
169169 another debt except debt secured by the homestead or debt to another
170170 lender;
171171 (ii) the owner of the homestead not assign
172172 wages as security for the extension of credit;
173173 (iii) the owner of the homestead not sign
174174 any instrument in which blanks relating to substantive terms of
175175 agreement are left to be filled in;
176176 (iv) the owner of the homestead not sign a
177177 confession of judgment or power of attorney to the lender or to a
178178 third person to confess judgment or to appear for the owner in a
179179 judicial proceeding;
180180 (v) at the time the extension of credit is
181181 made, the owner of the homestead shall receive a copy of the final
182182 loan application and all executed documents signed by the owner at
183183 closing related to the extension of credit;
184184 (vi) the security instruments securing the
185185 extension of credit contain a disclosure that the extension of
186186 credit is the type of credit defined by Subsection (a)(6) of this
187187 section;
188188 (vii) within a reasonable time after
189189 termination and full payment of the extension of credit, the lender
190190 cancel and return the promissory note to the owner of the homestead
191191 and give the owner, in recordable form, a release of the lien
192192 securing the extension of credit or a copy of an endorsement and
193193 assignment of the lien to a lender that is refinancing the extension
194194 of credit;
195195 (viii) the owner of the homestead and any
196196 spouse of the owner may, within three days after the extension of
197197 credit is made, rescind the extension of credit without penalty or
198198 charge;
199199 (ix) the owner of the homestead and the
200200 lender sign a written acknowledgment as to the fair market value of
201201 the homestead property on the date the extension of credit is made;
202202 (x) except as provided by Subparagraph (xi)
203203 of this paragraph, the lender or any holder of the note for the
204204 extension of credit shall forfeit all principal and interest of the
205205 extension of credit if the lender or holder fails to comply with the
206206 lender's or holder's obligations under the extension of credit and
207207 fails to correct the failure to comply not later than the 60th day
208208 after the date the lender or holder is notified by the borrower of
209209 the lender's failure to comply by:
210210 (a) paying to the owner an amount
211211 equal to any overcharge paid by the owner under or related to the
212212 extension of credit if the owner has paid an amount that exceeds an
213213 amount stated in the applicable Paragraph (E), (G), or (O) of this
214214 subdivision;
215215 (b) sending the owner a written
216216 acknowledgement that the lien is valid only in the amount that the
217217 extension of credit does not exceed the percentage described by
218218 Paragraph (B) of this subdivision, if applicable, or is not secured
219219 by property described under Paragraph (H) of this subdivision, if
220220 applicable;
221221 (c) sending the owner a written notice
222222 modifying any other amount, percentage, term, or other provision
223223 prohibited by this section to a permitted amount, percentage, term,
224224 or other provision and adjusting the account of the borrower to
225225 ensure that the borrower is not required to pay more than an amount
226226 permitted by this section and is not subject to any other term or
227227 provision prohibited by this section;
228228 (d) delivering the required documents
229229 to the borrower if the lender fails to comply with Subparagraph (v)
230230 of this paragraph or obtaining the appropriate signatures if the
231231 lender fails to comply with Subparagraph (ix) of this paragraph;
232232 (e) sending the owner a written
233233 acknowledgement, if the failure to comply is prohibited by
234234 Paragraph (K) of this subdivision, that the accrual of interest and
235235 all of the owner's obligations under the extension of credit are
236236 abated while any prior lien prohibited under Paragraph (K) remains
237237 secured by the homestead; or
238238 (f) if the failure to comply cannot be
239239 cured under Subparagraphs (x)(a)-(e) of this paragraph, curing the
240240 failure to comply by a refund or credit to the owner of $1,000 and
241241 offering the owner the right to refinance the extension of credit
242242 with the lender or holder for the remaining term of the loan at no
243243 cost to the owner on the same terms, including interest, as the
244244 original extension of credit with any modifications necessary to
245245 comply with this section or on terms on which the owner and the
246246 lender or holder otherwise agree that comply with this section; and
247247 (xi) the lender or any holder of the note
248248 for the extension of credit shall forfeit all principal and
249249 interest of the extension of credit if the extension of credit is
250250 made by a person other than a person described under Paragraph (P)
251251 of this subdivision or if the lien was not created under a written
252252 agreement with the consent of each owner and each owner's spouse,
253253 unless each owner and each owner's spouse who did not initially
254254 consent subsequently consents;
255255 (7) a reverse mortgage; or
256256 (8) the conversion and refinance of a personal
257257 property lien secured by a manufactured home to a lien on real
258258 property, including the refinance of the purchase price of the
259259 manufactured home, the cost of installing the manufactured home on
260260 the real property, and the refinance of the purchase price of the
261261 real property.
262262 (g) An extension of credit described by Subsection (a)(6) of
263263 this section may be secured by a valid lien against homestead
264264 property if the extension of credit is not closed before the 12th
265265 day after the lender provides the owner with the following written
266266 notice on a separate instrument:
267267 "NOTICE CONCERNING EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT DEFINED BY SECTION
268268 50(a)(6), ARTICLE XVI, TEXAS CONSTITUTION:
269269 "SECTION 50(a)(6), ARTICLE XVI, OF THE TEXAS CONSTITUTION
270270 ALLOWS CERTAIN LOANS TO BE SECURED AGAINST THE EQUITY IN YOUR HOME.
271271 SUCH LOANS ARE COMMONLY KNOWN AS EQUITY LOANS. IF YOU DO NOT REPAY
272272 THE LOAN OR IF YOU FAIL TO MEET THE TERMS OF THE LOAN, THE LENDER MAY
273273 FORECLOSE AND SELL YOUR HOME. THE CONSTITUTION PROVIDES THAT:
274274 "(A) THE LOAN MUST BE VOLUNTARILY CREATED WITH THE CONSENT OF
275275 EACH OWNER OF YOUR HOME AND EACH OWNER'S SPOUSE;
276276 "(B) THE PRINCIPAL LOAN AMOUNT AT THE TIME THE LOAN IS MADE
277277 MUST NOT EXCEED AN AMOUNT THAT, WHEN ADDED TO THE PRINCIPAL BALANCES
278278 OF ALL OTHER LIENS AGAINST YOUR HOME, IS MORE THAN 80 PERCENT OF THE
279279 FAIR MARKET VALUE OF YOUR HOME;
280280 "(C) THE LOAN MUST BE WITHOUT RECOURSE FOR PERSONAL LIABILITY
281281 AGAINST YOU AND YOUR SPOUSE UNLESS YOU OR YOUR SPOUSE OBTAINED THIS
282282 EXTENSION OF CREDIT BY ACTUAL FRAUD;
283283 "(D) THE LIEN SECURING THE LOAN MAY BE FORECLOSED UPON ONLY
284284 WITH A COURT ORDER;
285285 "(E) FEES AND CHARGES TO MAKE THE LOAN MAY NOT EXCEED 2
286286 PERCENT OF THE LOAN AMOUNT, EXCEPT FOR A FEE OR CHARGE FOR AN
287287 APPRAISAL PERFORMED BY A THIRD PARTY APPRAISER, A PROPERTY SURVEY
288288 PERFORMED BY A STATE REGISTERED OR LICENSED SURVEYOR, A STATE BASE
289289 PREMIUM FOR A MORTGAGEE POLICY OF TITLE INSURANCE WITH
290290 ENDORSEMENTS, OR A TITLE EXAMINATION REPORT;
291291 "(F) THE LOAN MAY NOT BE AN OPEN-END ACCOUNT THAT MAY BE
292292 DEBITED FROM TIME TO TIME OR UNDER WHICH CREDIT MAY BE EXTENDED FROM
293293 TIME TO TIME UNLESS IT IS A HOME EQUITY LINE OF CREDIT;
294294 "(G) YOU MAY PREPAY THE LOAN WITHOUT PENALTY OR CHARGE;
295295 "(H) NO ADDITIONAL COLLATERAL MAY BE SECURITY FOR THE LOAN;
296296 "(I) (repealed);
297297 "(J) YOU ARE NOT REQUIRED TO REPAY THE LOAN EARLIER THAN
298298 AGREED SOLELY BECAUSE THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF YOUR HOME DECREASES
299299 OR BECAUSE YOU DEFAULT ON ANOTHER LOAN THAT IS NOT SECURED BY YOUR
300300 HOME;
301301 "(K) ONLY ONE LOAN DESCRIBED BY SECTION 50(a)(6), ARTICLE
302302 XVI, OF THE TEXAS CONSTITUTION MAY BE SECURED WITH YOUR HOME AT ANY
303303 GIVEN TIME;
304304 "(L) THE LOAN MUST BE SCHEDULED TO BE REPAID IN PAYMENTS THAT
305305 EQUAL OR EXCEED THE AMOUNT OF ACCRUED INTEREST FOR EACH PAYMENT
306306 PERIOD;
307307 "(M) THE LOAN MAY NOT CLOSE BEFORE 12 DAYS AFTER YOU SUBMIT A
308308 LOAN APPLICATION TO THE LENDER OR BEFORE 12 DAYS AFTER YOU RECEIVE
309309 THIS NOTICE, WHICHEVER DATE IS LATER; AND MAY NOT WITHOUT YOUR
310310 CONSENT CLOSE BEFORE ONE BUSINESS DAY AFTER THE DATE ON WHICH YOU
311311 RECEIVE A COPY OF YOUR LOAN APPLICATION IF NOT PREVIOUSLY PROVIDED
312312 AND A FINAL ITEMIZED DISCLOSURE OF THE ACTUAL FEES, POINTS,
313313 INTEREST, COSTS, AND CHARGES THAT WILL BE CHARGED AT CLOSING; AND IF
314314 YOUR HOME WAS SECURITY FOR THE SAME TYPE OF LOAN WITHIN THE PAST
315315 YEAR, A NEW LOAN SECURED BY THE SAME PROPERTY MAY NOT CLOSE BEFORE
316316 ONE YEAR HAS PASSED FROM THE CLOSING DATE OF THE OTHER LOAN, UNLESS
317317 ON OATH YOU REQUEST AN EARLIER CLOSING DUE TO A DECLARED STATE OF
318318 EMERGENCY;
319319 "(N) (repealed) [THE LOAN MAY CLOSE ONLY AT THE OFFICE OF THE
320320 LENDER, TITLE COMPANY, OR AN ATTORNEY AT LAW];
321321 "(O) THE LENDER MAY CHARGE ANY FIXED OR VARIABLE RATE OF
322322 INTEREST AUTHORIZED BY STATUTE;
323323 "(P) ONLY A LAWFULLY AUTHORIZED LENDER MAY MAKE LOANS
324324 DESCRIBED BY SECTION 50(a)(6), ARTICLE XVI, OF THE TEXAS
325325 CONSTITUTION;
326326 "(Q) LOANS DESCRIBED BY SECTION 50(a)(6), ARTICLE XVI, OF THE
327327 TEXAS CONSTITUTION MUST:
328328 "(1) NOT REQUIRE YOU TO APPLY THE PROCEEDS TO ANOTHER DEBT
329329 EXCEPT A DEBT THAT IS SECURED BY YOUR HOME OR OWED TO ANOTHER
330330 LENDER;
331331 "(2) NOT REQUIRE THAT YOU ASSIGN WAGES AS SECURITY;
332332 "(3) NOT REQUIRE THAT YOU EXECUTE INSTRUMENTS WHICH HAVE
333333 BLANKS FOR SUBSTANTIVE TERMS OF AGREEMENT LEFT TO BE FILLED IN;
334334 "(4) NOT REQUIRE THAT YOU SIGN A CONFESSION OF JUDGMENT OR
335335 POWER OF ATTORNEY TO ANOTHER PERSON TO CONFESS JUDGMENT OR APPEAR IN
336336 A LEGAL PROCEEDING ON YOUR BEHALF;
337337 "(5) PROVIDE THAT YOU RECEIVE A COPY OF YOUR FINAL LOAN
338338 APPLICATION AND ALL EXECUTED DOCUMENTS YOU SIGN AT CLOSING;
339339 "(6) PROVIDE THAT THE SECURITY INSTRUMENTS CONTAIN A
340340 DISCLOSURE THAT THIS LOAN IS A LOAN DEFINED BY SECTION 50(a)(6),
341341 ARTICLE XVI, OF THE TEXAS CONSTITUTION;
342342 "(7) PROVIDE THAT WHEN THE LOAN IS PAID IN FULL, THE LENDER
343343 WILL SIGN AND GIVE YOU A RELEASE OF LIEN OR AN ASSIGNMENT OF THE
344344 LIEN, WHICHEVER IS APPROPRIATE;
345345 "(8) PROVIDE THAT YOU MAY, WITHIN 3 DAYS AFTER CLOSING,
346346 RESCIND THE LOAN WITHOUT PENALTY OR CHARGE;
347347 "(9) PROVIDE THAT YOU AND THE LENDER ACKNOWLEDGE THE FAIR
348348 MARKET VALUE OF YOUR HOME ON THE DATE THE LOAN CLOSES; AND
349349 "(10) PROVIDE THAT THE LENDER WILL FORFEIT ALL PRINCIPAL AND
350350 INTEREST IF THE LENDER FAILS TO COMPLY WITH THE LENDER'S
351351 OBLIGATIONS UNLESS THE LENDER CURES THE FAILURE TO COMPLY AS
352352 PROVIDED BY SECTION 50(a)(6)(Q)(x), ARTICLE XVI, OF THE TEXAS
353353 CONSTITUTION; AND
354354 "(R) IF THE LOAN IS A HOME EQUITY LINE OF CREDIT:
355355 "(1) YOU MAY REQUEST ADVANCES, REPAY MONEY, AND REBORROW
356356 MONEY UNDER THE LINE OF CREDIT;
357357 "(2) EACH ADVANCE UNDER THE LINE OF CREDIT MUST BE IN AN
358358 AMOUNT OF AT LEAST $4,000;
359359 "(3) YOU MAY NOT USE A CREDIT CARD, DEBIT CARD, OR SIMILAR
360360 DEVICE, OR PREPRINTED CHECK THAT YOU DID NOT SOLICIT, TO OBTAIN
361361 ADVANCES UNDER THE LINE OF CREDIT;
362362 "(4) ANY FEES THE LENDER CHARGES MAY BE CHARGED AND COLLECTED
363363 ONLY AT THE TIME THE LINE OF CREDIT IS ESTABLISHED AND THE LENDER
364364 MAY NOT CHARGE A FEE IN CONNECTION WITH ANY ADVANCE;
365365 "(5) THE MAXIMUM PRINCIPAL AMOUNT THAT MAY BE EXTENDED, WHEN
366366 ADDED TO ALL OTHER DEBTS SECURED BY YOUR HOME, MAY NOT EXCEED 80
367367 PERCENT OF THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF YOUR HOME ON THE DATE THE LINE OF
368368 CREDIT IS ESTABLISHED;
369369 "(6) IF THE PRINCIPAL BALANCE UNDER THE LINE OF CREDIT AT ANY
370370 TIME EXCEEDS 80 PERCENT OF THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF YOUR HOME, AS
371371 DETERMINED ON THE DATE THE LINE OF CREDIT IS ESTABLISHED, YOU MAY
372372 NOT CONTINUE TO REQUEST ADVANCES UNDER THE LINE OF CREDIT UNTIL THE
373373 BALANCE IS LESS THAN 80 PERCENT OF THE FAIR MARKET VALUE; AND
374374 "(7) THE LENDER MAY NOT UNILATERALLY AMEND THE TERMS OF THE
375375 LINE OF CREDIT.
376376 "THIS NOTICE IS ONLY A SUMMARY OF YOUR RIGHTS UNDER THE TEXAS
377377 CONSTITUTION. YOUR RIGHTS ARE GOVERNED BY SECTION 50, ARTICLE XVI,
378378 OF THE TEXAS CONSTITUTION, AND NOT BY THIS NOTICE."
379379 If the discussions with the borrower are conducted primarily
380380 in a language other than English, the lender shall, before closing,
381381 provide an additional copy of the notice translated into the
382382 written language in which the discussions were conducted.
383383 SECTION 2. This proposed constitutional amendment shall be
384384 submitted to the voters at an election to be held November 7, 2023.
385385 The ballot shall be printed to permit voting for or against the
386386 proposition: "The constitutional amendment to remove the
387387 requirement that a home equity loan be closed only at the office of
388388 the lender, an attorney at law, or a title company."