Us Congress 2023-2024 Regular Session

Us Congress House Bill HB1118 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

Old	New	Differences
1	1	I
2	2	118THCONGRESS
3	3	1
4	4	STSESSION H. R. 1118
5	5	To amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to provide for addi-
6	6	tional disclosure requirements for corporations, labor organizations,
7	7	Super PACs and other entities, and for other purposes.
8	8	IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
9	9	FEBRUARY21, 2023
10	10	Mr. C
11	11	ICILLINE(for himself, Mr. MULLIN, Ms. WASSERMANSCHULTZ, Ms.
12	12	M
13	13	CCOLLUM, Mr. NADLER, Mrs. BEATTY, Ms. DEANof Pennsylvania,
14	14	Mrs. W
15	15	ATSONCOLEMAN, Mr. DOGGETT, Mr. PAYNE, Ms. BARRAGA´N,
16	16	Mr. K
17	17	IMof New Jersey, Mr. MFUME, Mr. COHEN, Mr. TAKANO, Mr.
18	18	S
19	19	CHIFF, Mr. JOHNSONof Georgia, Ms. TLAIB, Mr. CARSON, Mr. LARSON
20	20	of Connecticut, Mr. A
21	21	UCHINCLOSS, Mr. COSTA, Ms. BROWNLEY, Mr.
22	22	G
23	23	OLDENof Maine, Mr. ALLRED, Ms. NORTON, Mr. CARBAJAL, Mr.
24	24	D
25	25	AVISof Illinois, Mr. KILMER, Mr. CLEAVER, Ms. ESCOBAR, Mr. DAVID
26	26	S
27	27	COTTof Georgia, Mr. SWALWELL, Mr. MOULTON, Ms. STEVENS, Mr.
28	28	T
29	29	ONKO, Mr. CASTROof Texas, Mr. GARAMENDI, Mr. BOYLEof Pennsyl-
30	30	vania, Ms. C
31	31	ASTORof Florida, Mr. VARGAS, Mr. TORRESof New York,
32	32	Ms. B
33	33	ONAMICI, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. VEASEY, Mr. DESAULNIER, Mrs.
34	34	D
35	35	INGELL, Mr. BERA, Ms. SA´NCHEZ, Mr. POCAN, Ms. CHU, Ms. STRICK-
36	36	LAND, Ms. TOKUDA, Mr. LEVIN, Ms. ROSS, Mr. SMITHof Washington,
37	37	Mr. S
38	38	TANTON, Mr. QUIGLEY, Ms. SCHRIER, Mr. DELUZIO, Mr. CASAR,
39	39	Ms. B
40	40	LUNTROCHESTER, Mr. PHILLIPS, Ms. HOYLEof Oregon, Mrs.
41	41	T
42	42	RAHAN, Mr. GOTTHEIMER, Mr. CROW, Mr. LIEU, Mr. HIMES, Ms.
43	43	T
44	44	ITUS, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. BISHOPof Georgia, Mr. MAGAZINER, Mr.
45	45	M
46	46	ORELLE, Ms. PORTER, Mr. EVANS, Mr. SARBANES, Ms. SLOTKIN, Mr.
47	47	B
48	48	OWMAN, Mr. RASKIN, Mr. GREENof Texas, Mr. HIGGINSof New York,
49	49	Mrs. H
50	50	AYES, Mr. GARCI´Aof Illinois, Mr. CASTEN, Mr. HUFFMAN, Ms.
51	51	W
52	52	ILSONof Florida, Ms. DELBENE, Ms. KUSTER, Ms. MENG, Mr. CASE,
53	53	Ms. M
54	54	ANNING, Ms. MATSUI, Ms. SALINAS, Mr. COURTNEY, Ms.
55	55	S
56	56	TANSBURY, Mr. RUPPERSBERGER, Mr. CARTERof Louisiana, Mr.
57	57	T
58	58	HOMPSONof California, Mr. CA´RDENAS, Ms. DEGETTE, Ms. WILLIAMS
59	59	of Georgia, Mrs. M
60	60	CBATH, Ms. GARCIAof Texas, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr.
61	61	T
62	62	RONE, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. GALLEGO, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, and Ms.
63	63	J
64	64	AYAPAL) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
65	65	mittee on House Administration, and in addition to the Committees on
66	66	Ways and Means, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently de-
67	67	termined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions
68	68	as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
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71	71	•HR 1118 IH
72	72	A BILL
73	73	To amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to
74	74	provide for additional disclosure requirements for cor-
75	75	porations, labor organizations, Super PACs and other
76	76	entities, and for other purposes.
77	77	Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
78	78	tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
79	79	SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 3
80	80	(a) S
81	81	HORTTITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 4
82	82	‘‘Democracy Is Strengthened by Casting Light On Spend-5
83	83	ing in Elections Act of 2023’’ or the ‘‘DISCLOSE Act 6
84	84	of 2023’’. 7
85	85	(b) T
86	86	ABLE OFCONTENTS.—The table of contents of 8
87	87	this Act is as follows: 9
88	88	Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
89	89	Sec. 2. Findings.
90	90	TITLE I—CLOSING LOOPHOLES ALLOWING SPENDING BY
91	91	FOREIGN NATIONALS IN ELECTIONS
92	92	Sec. 101. Clarification of application of foreign money ban to certain disburse-
93	93	ments and activities.
94	94	Sec. 102. Study and report on illicit foreign money in Federal elections.
95	95	Sec. 103. Prohibition on contributions and donations by foreign nationals in
96	96	connection with ballot initiatives and referenda.
97	97	Sec. 104. Disbursements and activities subject to foreign money ban.
98	98	Sec. 105. Prohibiting establishment of corporation to conceal election contribu-
99	99	tions and donations by foreign nationals.
100	100	TITLE II—REPORTING OF CAMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSEMENTS
101	101	Sec. 201. Reporting of campaign-related disbursements.
102	102	Sec. 202. Reporting of Federal judicial nomination disbursements.
103	103	Sec. 203. Coordination with FinCEN.
104	104	Sec. 204. Application of foreign money ban to disbursements for campaign-re-
105	105	lated disbursements consisting of covered transfers.
106	106	Sec. 205. Sense of Congress regarding implementation.
107	107	Sec. 206. Effective date.
108	108	TITLE III—OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS
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111	111	•HR 1118 IH
112	112	Sec. 301. Petition for certiorari.
113	113	Sec. 302. Judicial review of actions related to campaign finance laws.
114	114	Sec. 303. Effective date.
115	115	TITLE IV—STAND BY EVERY AD
116	116	Sec. 401. Short title.
117	117	Sec. 402. Stand by every ad.
118	118	Sec. 403. Disclaimer requirements for communications made through
119	119	prerecorded telephone calls.
120	120	Sec. 404. No expansion of persons subject to disclaimer requirements on inter-
121	121	net communications.
122	122	Sec. 405. Effective date.
123	123	TITLE V—SEVERABILITY
124	124	Sec. 501. Severability.
125	125	SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
126	126	1
127	127	Congress finds the following: 2
128	128	(1) Campaign finance disclosure is a narrowly 3
129	129	tailored and minimally restrictive means to advance 4
130	130	substantial government interests, including fostering 5
131	131	an informed electorate capable of engaging in self- 6
132	132	government and holding their elected officials ac-7
133	133	countable, detecting and deterring quid pro quo cor-8
134	134	ruption, and identifying information necessary to en-9
135	135	force other campaign finance laws, including cam-10
136	136	paign contribution limits and the prohibition on for-11
137	137	eign money in U.S. campaigns. To further these 12
138	138	substantial interests, campaign finance disclosure 13
139	139	must be timely and complete, and must disclose the 14
140	140	true and original source of money given, transferred, 15
141	141	and spent to influence Federal elections. Current law 16
142	142	does not meet this objective because corporations 17
143	143	and other entities that the Supreme Court has per-18
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146	146	•HR 1118 IH
147	147	mitted to spend money to influence Federal elections 1
148	148	are subject to few if any transparency requirements. 2
149	149	(2) As the Supreme Court recognized in its per 3
150	150	curiam opinion in Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1, 4
151	151	(1976), ‘‘disclosure requirements certainly in most 5
152	152	applications appear to be the least restrictive means 6
153	153	of curbing the evils of campaign ignorance and cor-7
154	154	ruption that Congress found to exist.’’ Buckley, 424 8
155	155	U.S. at 68. In Citizens United v. FEC, the Court re-9
156	156	iterated that ‘‘disclosure is a less restrictive alter-10
157	157	native to more comprehensive regulations of speech.’’ 11
158	158	558 U.S. 310, 369 (2010). 12
159	159	(3) No subsequent decision has called these 13
160	160	holdings into question, including the Court’s decision 14
161	161	in Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta, 15
162	162	141 S. Ct. 2373 (2021). That case did not involve 16
163	163	campaign finance disclosure, and the Court did not 17
164	164	overturn its longstanding recognition of the substan-18
165	165	tial interests furthered by such disclosure. 19
166	166	(4) Campaign finance disclosure is also essen-20
167	167	tial to enforce the Federal Election Campaign Act’s 21
168	168	prohibition on contributions by and solicitations of 22
169	169	foreign nationals. See section 319 of the Federal 23
170	170	Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121). 24
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173	173	•HR 1118 IH
174	174	(5) Congress should close loopholes allowing 1
175	175	spending by foreign nationals in domestic elections. 2
176	176	For example, in 2021, the Federal Election Commis-3
177	177	sion, the independent Federal agency charged with 4
178	178	protecting the integrity of the Federal campaign fi-5
179	179	nance process, found reason to believe and concil-6
180	180	iated a matter where an experienced political con-7
181	181	sultant knowingly and willfully violated Federal law 8
182	182	by soliciting a contribution from a foreign national 9
183	183	by offering to transmit a $2,000,000 contribution to 10
184	184	a super PAC through his company and two 11
185	185	501(c)(4) organizations, to conceal the origin of the 12
186	186	funds. This scheme was only unveiled after appear-13
187	187	ing in a The Telegraph UK article and video cap-14
188	188	turing the solicitation. See Conciliation Agreement, 15
189	189	MURs 7165 & 7196 (Great America PAC, et al.), 16
190	190	date June 28, 2021; Factual and Legal Analysis, 17
191	191	MURs 7165 & 7196 (Jesse Benton), dated Mar. 2, 18
192	192	2021. 19
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195	195	•HR 1118 IH
196	196	TITLE I—CLOSING LOOPHOLES 1
197	197	ALLOWING SPENDING BY 2
198	198	FOREIGN NATIONALS IN 3
199	199	ELECTIONS 4
200	200	SEC. 101. CLARIFICATION OF APPLICATION OF FOREIGN 5
201	201	MONEY BAN TO CERTAIN DISBURSEMENTS 6
202	202	AND ACTIVITIES. 7
203	203	Section 319(b) of the Federal Election Campaign Act 8
204	204	of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(b)) is amended— 9
205	205	(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 10
206	206	subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and by 11
207	207	moving such subparagraphs 2 ems to the right; 12
208	208	(2) by striking ‘‘As used in this section, the 13
209	209	term’’ and inserting the following: ‘‘D
210	210	EFINITIONS.— 14
211	211	For purposes of this section— 15
212	212	‘‘(1) F
213	213	OREIGN NATIONAL.—The term’’; 16
214	214	(3) by moving paragraphs (1) and (2) two ems 17
215	215	to the right and redesignating them as subpara-18
216	216	graphs (A) and (B), respectively; and 19
217	217	(4) by adding at the end the following new 20
218	218	paragraph: 21
219	219	‘‘(2) C
220	220	ONTRIBUTION AND DONATION .—For pur-22
221	221	poses of paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a), 23
222	222	the term ‘contribution or donation’ includes any dis-24
223	223	bursement to a political committee which accepts do-25
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226	226	•HR 1118 IH
227	227	nations or contributions that do not comply with any 1
228	228	of the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting re-2
229	229	quirements of this Act (or any disbursement to or on 3
230	230	behalf of any account of a political committee which 4
231	231	is established for the purpose of accepting such do-5
232	232	nations or contributions), or to any other person for 6
233	233	the purpose of funding an expenditure, independent 7
234	234	expenditure, or electioneering communication (as de-8
235	235	fined in section 304(f)(3)).’’. 9
236	236	SEC. 102. STUDY AND REPORT ON ILLICIT FOREIGN MONEY 10
237	237	IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS. 11
238	238	(a) S
239	239	TUDY.—For each 4-year election cycle (begin-12
240	240	ning with the 4-year election cycle ending in 2020), the 13
241	241	Comptroller General shall conduct a study on the inci-14
242	242	dence of illicit foreign money in all elections for Federal 15
243	243	office held during the preceding 4-year election cycle, in-16
244	244	cluding what information is known about the presence of 17
245	245	such money in elections for Federal office. 18
246	246	(b) R
247	247	EPORT.— 19
248	248	(1) I
249	249	N GENERAL.—Not later than the applicable 20
250	250	date with respect to any 4-year election cycle, the 21
251	251	Comptroller General shall submit to the appropriate 22
252	252	congressional committees a report on the study con-23
253	253	ducted under subsection (a). 24
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256	256	•HR 1118 IH
257	257	(2) MATTERS INCLUDED .—The report sub-1
258	258	mitted under paragraph (1) shall include a descrip-2
259	259	tion of the extent to which illicit foreign money was 3
260	260	used to target particular groups, including rural 4
261	261	communities, African-American and other minority 5
262	262	communities, and military and veteran communities, 6
263	263	based on such targeting information as is available 7
264	264	and accessible to the Comptroller General. 8
265	265	(3) A
266	266	PPLICABLE DATE.—For purposes of para-9
267	267	graph (1), the term ‘‘applicable date’’ means— 10
268	268	(A) in the case of the 4-year election cycle 11
269	269	ending in 2020, the date that is 1 year after 12
270	270	the date of the enactment of this Act; and 13
271	271	(B) in the case of any other 4-year election 14
272	272	cycle, the date that is 1 year after the date on 15
273	273	which such 4-year election cycle ends. 16
274	274	(c) D
275	275	EFINITIONS.—As used in this section: 17
276	276	(1) 4-
277	277	YEAR ELECTION CYCLE .—The term ‘‘4- 18
278	278	year election cycle’’ means the 4-year period ending 19
279	279	on the date of the general election for the offices of 20
280	280	President and Vice President. 21
281	281	(2) I
282	282	LLICIT FOREIGN MONEY.—The term ‘‘illicit 22
283	283	foreign money’’ means any contribution, donation, 23
284	284	expenditure, or disbursement by a foreign national 24
285	285	(as defined in section 319(b) of the Federal Election 25
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288	288	•HR 1118 IH
289	289	Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(b))) pro-1
290	290	hibited under such section. 2
291	291	(3) E
292	292	LECTION; FEDERAL OFFICE.—The terms 3
293	293	‘‘election’’ and ‘‘Federal office’’ have the meanings 4
294	294	given such terms under section 301 of the Federal 5
295	295	Election Campaign Act of 1971 (53 U.S.C. 30101). 6
296	296	(4) A
297	297	PPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT -7
298	298	TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-8
299	299	mittees’’ means— 9
300	300	(A) the Committee on House Administra-10
301	301	tion of the House of Representatives; 11
302	302	(B) the Committee on Rules and Adminis-12
303	303	tration of the Senate; 13
304	304	(C) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 14
305	305	House of Representatives; and 15
306	306	(D) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 16
307	307	Senate. 17
308	308	(d) S
309	309	UNSET.—This section shall not apply to any 4- 18
310	310	year election cycle beginning after the election for the of-19
311	311	fices of President and Vice President in 2032. 20
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314	314	•HR 1118 IH
315	315	SEC. 103. PROHIBITION ON CONTRIBUTIONS AND DONA-1
316	316	TIONS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS IN CONNEC-2
317	317	TION WITH BALLOT INITIATIVES AND 3
318	318	REFERENDA. 4
319	319	(a) I
320	320	NGENERAL.—Section 319(b) of the Federal 5
321	321	Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(b)), as 6
322	322	amended by section 101, is amended by adding at the end 7
323	323	the following new paragraphs: 8
324	324	‘‘(3) F
325	325	EDERAL, STATE, OR LOCAL ELECTION.— 9
326	326	The term ‘Federal, State, or local election’ includes 10
327	327	a State or local ballot initiative or referendum, but 11
328	328	only in the case of— 12
329	329	‘‘(A) a covered foreign national as defined 13
330	330	in paragraph (4); or 14
331	331	‘‘(B) a foreign principal described in sec-15
332	332	tion 1(b)(2) or 1(b)(3) of the Foreign Agent 16
333	333	Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 17
334	334	U.S.C. 611(b)(2) or (b)(3)) or an agent of such 18
335	335	a foreign principal under such Act. 19
336	336	‘‘(4) C
337	337	OVERED FOREIGN NATIONAL .— 20
338	338	‘‘(A) I
339	339	N GENERAL.—The term ‘covered for-21
340	340	eign national’ means— 22
341	341	‘‘(i) a foreign principal (as defined in 23
342	342	section 1(b) of the Foreign Agents Reg-24
343	343	istration Act of 1938 (22 U.S.C. 611(b))) 25
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346	346	•HR 1118 IH
347	347	that is a government of a foreign country 1
348	348	or a foreign political party; 2
349	349	‘‘(ii) any person who acts as an agent, 3
350	350	representative, employee, or servant, or 4
351	351	any person who acts in any other capacity 5
352	352	at the order, request, or under the direc-6
353	353	tion or control, of a foreign principal de-7
354	354	scribed in clause (i) or of a person any of 8
355	355	whose activities are directly or indirectly 9
356	356	supervised, directed, controlled, financed, 10
357	357	or subsidized in whole or in major part by 11
358	358	a foreign principal described in clause (i); 12
359	359	or 13
360	360	‘‘(iii) any person included in the list of 14
361	361	specially designated nationals and blocked 15
362	362	persons maintained by the Office of For-16
363	363	eign Assets Control of the Department of 17
364	364	the Treasury pursuant to authorities relat-18
365	365	ing to the imposition of sanctions relating 19
366	366	to the conduct of a foreign principal de-20
367	367	scribed in clause (i). 21
368	368	‘‘(B) C
369	369	LARIFICATION REGARDING APPLICA -22
370	370	TION TO CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES .— 23
371	371	In the case of a citizen of the United States, 24
372	372	clause (ii) of subparagraph (A) applies only to 25
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375	375	•HR 1118 IH
376	376	the extent that the person involved acts within 1
377	377	the scope of that person’s status as the agent 2
378	378	of a foreign principal described in clause (i) of 3
379	379	subparagraph (A).’’. 4
380	380	(b) E
381	381	FFECTIVEDATE.—The amendment made by 5
382	382	this section shall apply with respect to elections held in 6
383	383	2024 or any succeeding year. 7
384	384	SEC. 104. DISBURSEMENTS AND ACTIVITIES SUBJECT TO 8
385	385	FOREIGN MONEY BAN. 9
386	386	(a) D
387	387	ISBURSEMENTS DESCRIBED.—Section 10
388	388	319(a)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 11
389	389	(52 U.S.C. 30121(a)(1)) is amended— 12
390	390	(1) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end of subparagraph 13
391	391	(B); and 14
392	392	(2) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting 15
393	393	the following: 16
394	394	‘‘(C) an expenditure; 17
395	395	‘‘(D) an independent expenditure; 18
396	396	‘‘(E) a disbursement for an electioneering 19
397	397	communication (within the meaning of section 20
398	398	304(f)(3)); 21
399	399	‘‘(F) a disbursement for a communication 22
400	400	which is placed or promoted for a fee on a 23
401	401	website, web application, or digital application 24
402	402	that refers to a clearly identified candidate for 25
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405	405	•HR 1118 IH
406	406	election for Federal office and is disseminated 1
407	407	within 60 days before a general, special or run-2
408	408	off election for the office sought by the can-3
409	409	didate or 30 days before a primary or pref-4
410	410	erence election, or a convention or caucus of a 5
411	411	political party that has authority to nominate a 6
412	412	candidate for the office sought by the can-7
413	413	didate; 8
414	414	‘‘(G) a disbursement by a covered foreign 9
415	415	national (as defined in subsection (b)(4)) for a 10
416	416	broadcast, cable or satellite communication, or 11
417	417	for a communication which is placed or pro-12
418	418	moted for a fee on a website, web application, 13
419	419	or digital application, that promotes, supports, 14
420	420	attacks or opposes the election of a clearly iden-15
421	421	tified candidate for Federal, State, or local of-16
422	422	fice (regardless of whether the communication 17
423	423	contains express advocacy or the functional 18
424	424	equivalent of express advocacy); 19
425	425	‘‘(H) a disbursement for a broadcast, 20
426	426	cable, or satellite communication, or for any 21
427	427	communication which is placed or promoted for 22
428	428	a fee on an online platform (as defined in sub-23
429	429	section (b)(5)), that discusses a national legisla-24
430	430	tive issue of public importance in a year in 25
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433	433	•HR 1118 IH
434	434	which a regularly scheduled general election for 1
435	435	Federal office is held, but only if the disburse-2
436	436	ment is made by a covered foreign national (as 3
437	437	defined in subsection (b)(4)); 4
438	438	‘‘(I) a disbursement by a covered foreign 5
439	439	national (as defined in subsection (b)(4)) to 6
440	440	compensate any person for internet activity that 7
441	441	promotes, supports, attacks or opposes the elec-8
442	442	tion of a clearly identified candidate for Fed-9
443	443	eral, State, or local office (regardless of whether 10
444	444	the activity contains express advocacy or the 11
445	445	functional equivalent of express advocacy); or 12
446	446	‘‘(J) a disbursement by a covered foreign 13
447	447	national (as defined in subsection (b)(4)) for a 14
448	448	Federal judicial nomination communication (as 15
449	449	defined in section 324(g)(2));’’. 16
450	450	(b) D
451	451	EFINITION OFONLINEPLATFORM.—Section 17
452	452	319(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30121(b)), as amended by 18
453	453	sections 101 and 103, is amended by adding at the end 19
454	454	the following new paragraph: 20
455	455	‘‘(5) O
456	456	NLINE PLATFORM.— 21
457	457	‘‘(A) I
458	458	N GENERAL.—For purposes of this 22
459	459	section, subject to subparagraph (B), the term 23
460	460	‘online platform’ means any public-facing 24
461	461	website, web application, or digital application 25
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464	464	•HR 1118 IH
465	465	(including a social network, ad network, or 1
466	466	search engine) which— 2
467	467	‘‘(i)(I) sells qualified political adver-3
468	468	tisements; and 4
469	469	‘‘(II) has 50,000,000 or more unique 5
470	470	monthly United States visitors or users for 6
471	471	a majority of months during the preceding 7
472	472	12 months; or 8
473	473	‘‘(ii) is a third-party advertising ven-9
474	474	dor that has 50,000,000 or more unique 10
475	475	monthly United States visitors in the ag-11
476	476	gregate on any advertisement space that it 12
477	477	has sold or bought for a majority of 13
478	478	months during the preceding 12 months, 14
479	479	as measured by an independent digital rat-15
480	480	ings service accredited by the Media Rat-16
481	481	ings Council (or its successor). 17
482	482	‘‘(B) E
483	483	XEMPTION.—Such term shall not 18
484	484	include any online platform that is a distribu-19
485	485	tion facility of any broadcasting station or 20
486	486	newspaper, magazine, blog, publication, or peri-21
487	487	odical. 22
488	488	‘‘(C) T
489	489	HIRD-PARTY ADVERTISING VENDOR 23
490	490	DEFINED.—For purposes of this subsection, the 24
491	491	term ‘third-party advertising vendor’ includes, 25
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493	493	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 16
494	494	•HR 1118 IH
495	495	but is not limited to, any third-party adver-1
496	496	tising vendor network, advertising agency, ad-2
497	497	vertiser, or third-party advertisement serving 3
498	498	company that buys and sells advertisement 4
499	499	space on behalf of unaffiliated third-party 5
500	500	websites, search engines, digital applications, or 6
501	501	social media sites.’’. 7
502	502	(c) E
503	503	FFECTIVEDATE.—The amendments made by 8
504	504	this section shall apply with respect to disbursements 9
505	505	made on or after the date of the enactment of this Act. 10
506	506	SEC. 105. PROHIBITING ESTABLISHMENT OF CORPORATION 11
507	507	TO CONCEAL ELECTION CONTRIBUTIONS 12
508	508	AND DONATIONS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS. 13
509	509	(a) P
510	510	ROHIBITION.—Chapter 29 of title 18, United 14
511	511	States Code is amended by adding at the end the fol-15
512	512	lowing: 16
513	513	‘‘§ 612. Establishment of corporation to conceal elec-17
514	514	tion contributions and donations by for-18
515	515	eign nationals 19
516	516	‘‘(a) O
517	517	FFENSE.—It shall be unlawful for an owner, 20
518	518	officer, attorney, or incorporation agent of a corporation, 21
519	519	company, or other entity to establish or use the corpora-22
520	520	tion, company, or other entity with the intent to conceal 23
521	521	an activity of a foreign national (as defined in section 319 24
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524	524	•HR 1118 IH
525	525	of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 1
526	526	30121)) prohibited under such section 319. 2
527	527	‘‘(b) P
528	528	ENALTY.—Any person who violates subsection 3
529	529	(a) shall be imprisoned for not more than 5 years, fined 4
530	530	under this title, or both.’’. 5
531	531	(b) T
532	532	ABLE OFSECTIONS.—The table of sections for 6
533	533	chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code is amended by 7
534	534	adding at the end the following new item: 8
535	535	‘‘612. Establishment of corporation to conceal election contributions and dona-
536	536	tions by foreign nationals.’’.
537	537	TITLE II—REPORTING OF CAM-9
538	538	PAIGN-RELATED DISBURSE-10
539	539	MENTS 11
540	540	SEC. 201. REPORTING OF CAMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSE-12
541	541	MENTS. 13
542	542	(a) I
543	543	NGENERAL.—Section 324 of the Federal Elec-14
544	544	tion Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30126) is amended 15
545	545	to read as follows: 16
546	546	‘‘SEC. 324. DISCLOSURE OF CAMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSE-17
547	547	MENTS BY COVERED ORGANIZATIONS. 18
548	548	‘‘(a) D
549	549	ISCLOSURESTATEMENT.— 19
550	550	‘‘(1) I
551	551	N GENERAL.—Any covered organization 20
552	552	that makes campaign-related disbursements aggre-21
553	553	gating more than $10,000 in an election reporting 22
554	554	cycle shall, not later than 24 hours after each disclo-23
555	555	sure date, file a statement with the Commission 24
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558	558	•HR 1118 IH
559	559	made under penalty of perjury that contains the in-1
560	560	formation described in paragraph (2)— 2
561	561	‘‘(A) in the case of the first statement filed 3
562	562	under this subsection, for the period beginning 4
563	563	on the first day of the election reporting cycle 5
564	564	(or, if earlier, the period beginning one year be-6
565	565	fore the first such disclosure date) and ending 7
566	566	on the first such disclosure date; and 8
567	567	‘‘(B) in the case of any subsequent state-9
568	568	ment filed under this subsection, for the period 10
569	569	beginning on the previous disclosure date and 11
570	570	ending on such disclosure date. 12
571	571	‘‘(2) I
572	572	NFORMATION DESCRIBED .—The informa-13
573	573	tion described in this paragraph is as follows: 14
574	574	‘‘(A) The name of the covered organization 15
575	575	and the principal place of business of such or-16
576	576	ganization and, in the case of a covered organi-17
577	577	zation that is a corporation (other than a busi-18
578	578	ness concern that is an issuer of a class of secu-19
579	579	rities registered under section 12 of the Securi-20
580	580	ties Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78l) or 21
581	581	that is required to file reports under section 22
582	582	15(d) of that Act (15 U.S.C. 78o(d))) or an en-23
583	583	tity described in subsection (e)(2), a list of the 24
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586	586	•HR 1118 IH
587	587	beneficial owners (as defined in paragraph 1
588	588	(4)(A)) of the entity that— 2
589	589	‘‘(i) identifies each beneficial owner by 3
590	590	name and current residential or business 4
591	591	street address; and 5
592	592	‘‘(ii) if any beneficial owner exercises 6
593	593	control over the entity through another 7
594	594	legal entity, such as a corporation, partner-8
595	595	ship, limited liability company, or trust, 9
596	596	identifies each such other legal entity and 10
597	597	each such beneficial owner who will use 11
598	598	that other entity to exercise control over 12
599	599	the entity. 13
600	600	‘‘(B) The amount of each campaign-related 14
601	601	disbursement made by such organization during 15
602	602	the period covered by the statement of more 16
603	603	than $1,000, and the name and address of the 17
604	604	person to whom the disbursement was made. 18
605	605	‘‘(C) In the case of a campaign-related dis-19
606	606	bursement that is not a covered transfer, the 20
607	607	election to which the campaign-related disburse-21
608	608	ment pertains and if the disbursement is made 22
609	609	for a public communication, the name of any 23
610	610	candidate identified in such communication and 24
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613	613	•HR 1118 IH
614	614	if such communication is in support of or in op-1
615	615	position to the identified candidate. 2
616	616	‘‘(D) A certification by the chief executive 3
617	617	officer or person who is the head of the covered 4
618	618	organization that the campaign-related dis-5
619	619	bursement is not made in cooperation, consulta-6
620	620	tion, or concert with or at the request or sug-7
621	621	gestion of a candidate, authorized committee, or 8
622	622	agent of a candidate, political party, or agent of 9
623	623	a political party. 10
624	624	‘‘(E)(i) If the covered organization makes 11
625	625	campaign-related disbursements using exclu-12
626	626	sively funds in a campaign-related disbursement 13
627	627	segregated fund, for each payment made to the 14
628	628	account by a person other than the covered or-15
629	629	ganization— 16
630	630	‘‘(I) the name and address of each 17
631	631	person who made such payment to the ac-18
632	632	count during the period covered by the 19
633	633	statement; 20
634	634	‘‘(II) the date and amount of such 21
635	635	payment; and 22
636	636	‘‘(III) the aggregate amount of all 23
637	637	such payments made by the person during 24
638	638	the period beginning on the first day of the 25
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641	641	•HR 1118 IH
642	642	election reporting cycle (or, if earlier, the 1
643	643	period beginning one year before the dis-2
644	644	closure date) and ending on the disclosure 3
645	645	date, 4
646	646	but only if such payment was made by a person 5
647	647	who made payments to the account in an aggre-6
648	648	gate amount of $10,000 or more during the pe-7
649	649	riod beginning on the first day of the election 8
650	650	reporting cycle (or, if earlier, the period begin-9
651	651	ning one year before the disclosure date) and 10
652	652	ending on the disclosure date. 11
653	653	‘‘(ii) In any calendar year after 2024, sec-12
654	654	tion 315(c)(1)(B) shall apply to the amount de-13
655	655	scribed in clause (i) in the same manner as 14
656	656	such section applies to the limitations estab-15
657	657	lished under subsections (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), 16
658	658	(a)(3), and (h) of such section, except that for 17
659	659	purposes of applying such section to the 18
660	660	amounts described in subsection (b), the ‘base 19
661	661	period’ shall be calendar year 2024. 20
662	662	‘‘(F)(i) If the covered organization makes 21
663	663	campaign-related disbursements using funds 22
664	664	other than funds in a campaign-related dis-23
665	665	bursement segregated fund, for each payment 24
666	666	to the covered organization— 25
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669	669	•HR 1118 IH
670	670	‘‘(I) the name and address of each 1
671	671	person who made such payment during the 2
672	672	period covered by the statement; 3
673	673	‘‘(II) the date and amount of such 4
674	674	payment; and 5
675	675	‘‘(III) the aggregate amount of all 6
676	676	such payments made by the person during 7
677	677	the period beginning on the first day of the 8
678	678	election reporting cycle (or, if earlier, the 9
679	679	period beginning one year before the dis-10
680	680	closure date) and ending on the disclosure 11
681	681	date, 12
682	682	but only if such payment was made by a person 13
683	683	who made payments to the covered organization 14
684	684	in an aggregate amount of $10,000 or more 15
685	685	during the period beginning on the first day of 16
686	686	the election reporting cycle (or, if earlier, the 17
687	687	period beginning one year before the disclosure 18
688	688	date) and ending on the disclosure date. 19
689	689	‘‘(ii) In any calendar year after 2024, sec-20
690	690	tion 315(c)(1)(B) shall apply to the amount de-21
691	691	scribed in clause (i) in the same manner as 22
692	692	such section applies to the limitations estab-23
693	693	lished under subsections (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), 24
694	694	(a)(3), and (h) of such section, except that for 25
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697	697	•HR 1118 IH
698	698	purposes of applying such section to the 1
699	699	amounts described in subsection (b), the ‘base 2
700	700	period’ shall be calendar year 2024. 3
701	701	‘‘(G) Such other information as required in 4
702	702	rules established by the Commission to promote 5
703	703	the purposes of this section. 6
704	704	‘‘(3) E
705	705	XCEPTIONS.— 7
706	706	‘‘(A) A
707	707	MOUNTS RECEIVED IN ORDINARY 8
708	708	COURSE OF BUSINESS.—The requirement to in-9
709	709	clude in a statement filed under paragraph (1) 10
710	710	the information described in paragraph (2) 11
711	711	shall not apply to amounts received by the cov-12
712	712	ered organization in commercial transactions in 13
713	713	the ordinary course of any trade or business 14
714	714	conducted by the covered organization or in the 15
715	715	form of investments (other than investments by 16
716	716	the principal shareholder in a limited liability 17
717	717	corporation) in the covered organization. For 18
718	718	purposes of this subparagraph, amounts re-19
719	719	ceived by a covered organization as remittances 20
720	720	from an employee to the employee’s collective 21
721	721	bargaining representative shall be treated as 22
722	722	amounts received in commercial transactions in 23
723	723	the ordinary course of the business conducted 24
724	724	by the covered organization. 25
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727	727	•HR 1118 IH
728	728	‘‘(B) DONOR RESTRICTION ON USE OF 1
729	729	FUNDS.—The requirement to include in a state-2
730	730	ment submitted under paragraph (1) the infor-3
731	731	mation described in subparagraph (F) of para-4
732	732	graph (2) shall not apply if— 5
733	733	‘‘(i) the person described in such sub-6
734	734	paragraph prohibited, in writing, the use of 7
735	735	the payment made by such person for cam-8
736	736	paign-related disbursements; and 9
737	737	‘‘(ii) the covered organization agreed 10
738	738	to follow the prohibition and deposited the 11
739	739	payment in an account which is segregated 12
740	740	from a campaign-related disbursement seg-13
741	741	regated fund and any other account used 14
742	742	to make campaign-related disbursements. 15
743	743	‘‘(C) T
744	744	HREAT OF HARASSMENT OR RE -16
745	745	PRISAL.—The requirement to include any infor-17
746	746	mation relating to the name or address of any 18
747	747	person (other than a candidate) in a statement 19
748	748	submitted under paragraph (1) shall not apply 20
749	749	if the inclusion of the information would subject 21
750	750	the person to serious threats, harassment, or 22
751	751	reprisals. 23
752	752	‘‘(4) O
753	753	THER DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of 24
754	754	this section: 25
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757	757	•HR 1118 IH
758	758	‘‘(A) BENEFICIAL OWNER DEFINED .— 1
759	759	‘‘(i) I
760	760	N GENERAL.—Except as pro-2
761	761	vided in clause (ii), the term ‘beneficial 3
762	762	owner’ means, with respect to any entity, 4
763	763	a natural person who, directly or indi-5
764	764	rectly— 6
765	765	‘‘(I) exercises substantial control 7
766	766	over an entity through ownership, vot-8
767	767	ing rights, agreement, or otherwise; or 9
768	768	‘‘(II) has a substantial interest in 10
769	769	or receives substantial economic bene-11
770	770	fits from the assets of an entity. 12
771	771	‘‘(ii) E
772	772	XCEPTIONS.—The term ‘bene-13
773	773	ficial owner’ shall not include— 14
774	774	‘‘(I) a minor child; 15
775	775	‘‘(II) a person acting as a nomi-16
776	776	nee, intermediary, custodian, or agent 17
777	777	on behalf of another person; 18
778	778	‘‘(III) a person acting solely as 19
779	779	an employee of an entity and whose 20
780	780	control over or economic benefits from 21
781	781	the entity derives solely from the em-22
782	782	ployment status of the person; 23
783	783	‘‘(IV) a person whose only inter-24
784	784	est in an entity is through a right of 25
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787	787	•HR 1118 IH
788	788	inheritance, unless the person also 1
789	789	meets the requirements of clause (i); 2
790	790	or 3
791	791	‘‘(V) a creditor of an entity, un-4
792	792	less the creditor also meets the re-5
793	793	quirements of clause (i). 6
794	794	‘‘(iii) A
795	795	NTI-ABUSE RULE.—The excep-7
796	796	tions under clause (ii) shall not apply if 8
797	797	used for the purpose of evading, circum-9
798	798	venting, or abusing the provisions of clause 10
799	799	(i) or paragraph (2)(A). 11
800	800	‘‘(B) C
801	801	AMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSEMENT 12
802	802	SEGREGATED FUND .—The term ‘campaign-re-13
803	803	lated disbursement segregated fund’ means a 14
804	804	segregated bank account consisting of funds 15
805	805	that were paid directly to such account by per-16
806	806	sons other than the covered organization that 17
807	807	controls the account. 18
808	808	‘‘(C) D
809	809	ISCLOSURE DATE.—The term ‘dis-19
810	810	closure date’ means— 20
811	811	‘‘(i) the first date during any election 21
812	812	reporting cycle by which a person has 22
813	813	made campaign-related disbursements ag-23
814	814	gregating more than $10,000; and 24
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817	817	•HR 1118 IH
818	818	‘‘(ii) any other date during such elec-1
819	819	tion reporting cycle by which a person has 2
820	820	made campaign-related disbursements ag-3
821	821	gregating more than $10,000 since the 4
822	822	most recent disclosure date for such elec-5
823	823	tion reporting cycle. 6
824	824	‘‘(D) E
825	825	LECTION REPORTING CYCLE .—The 7
826	826	term ‘election reporting cycle’ means the 2-year 8
827	827	period beginning on the date of the most recent 9
828	828	general election for Federal office. 10
829	829	‘‘(E) P
830	830	AYMENT.—The term ‘payment’ in-11
831	831	cludes any contribution, donation, transfer, pay-12
832	832	ment of dues, or other payment. 13
833	833	‘‘(b) C
834	834	OORDINATIONWITHOTHERPROVISIONS.— 14
835	835	‘‘(1) O
836	836	THER REPORTS FILED WITH THE COM -15
837	837	MISSION.—Information included in a statement filed 16
838	838	under this section may be excluded from statements 17
839	839	and reports filed under section 304. 18
840	840	‘‘(2) T
841	841	REATMENT AS SEPARATE SEGREGATED 19
842	842	FUND.—A campaign-related disbursement seg-20
843	843	regated fund may be treated as a separate seg-21
844	844	regated fund for purposes of section 527(f)(3) of the 22
845	845	Internal Revenue Code of 1986. 23
846	846	‘‘(c) F
847	847	ILING.—Statements required to be filed under 24
848	848	subsection (a) shall be subject to the requirements of sec-25
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851	851	•HR 1118 IH
852	852	tion 304(d) to the same extent and in the same manner 1
853	853	as if such reports had been required under subsection (c) 2
854	854	or (g) of section 304. 3
855	855	‘‘(d) C
856	856	AMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSEMENT DE-4
857	857	FINED.— 5
858	858	‘‘(1) I
859	859	N GENERAL.—In this section, the term 6
860	860	‘campaign-related disbursement’ means a disburse-7
861	861	ment by a covered organization for any of the fol-8
862	862	lowing: 9
863	863	‘‘(A) An independent expenditure which ex-10
864	864	pressly advocates the election or defeat of a 11
865	865	clearly identified candidate for election for Fed-12
866	866	eral office, or is the functional equivalent of ex-13
867	867	press advocacy because, when taken as a whole, 14
868	868	it can be interpreted by a reasonable person 15
869	869	only as advocating the election or defeat of a 16
870	870	candidate for election for Federal office. 17
871	871	‘‘(B) An applicable public communication. 18
872	872	‘‘(C) An electioneering communication, as 19
873	873	defined in section 304(f)(3). 20
874	874	‘‘(D) A covered transfer. 21
875	875	‘‘(2) A
876	876	PPLICABLE PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS .— 22
877	877	‘‘(A) I
878	878	N GENERAL.—The term ‘applicable 23
879	879	public communication’ means any public com-24
880	880	munication that refers to a clearly identified 25
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883	883	•HR 1118 IH
884	884	candidate for election for Federal office and 1
885	885	which promotes or supports the election of a 2
886	886	candidate for that office, or attacks or opposes 3
887	887	the election of a candidate for that office, with-4
888	888	out regard to whether the communication ex-5
889	889	pressly advocates a vote for or against a can-6
890	890	didate for that office. 7
891	891	‘‘(B) E
892	892	XCEPTION.—Such term shall not in-8
893	893	clude any news story, commentary, or editorial 9
894	894	distributed through the facilities of any broad-10
895	895	casting station or any print, online, or digital 11
896	896	newspaper, magazine, publication, or periodical, 12
897	897	unless such facilities are owned or controlled by 13
898	898	any political party, political committee, or can-14
899	899	didate. 15
900	900	‘‘(e) C
901	901	OVEREDORGANIZATIONDEFINED.—In this 16
902	902	section, the term ‘covered organization’ means any of the 17
903	903	following: 18
904	904	‘‘(1) A corporation (other than an organization 19
905	905	described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Rev-20
906	906	enue Code of 1986). 21
907	907	‘‘(2) A limited liability corporation that is not 22
908	908	otherwise treated as a corporation for purposes of 23
909	909	this Act (other than an organization described in 24
910	910	VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:53 Mar 10, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1118.IH H1118
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912	912	•HR 1118 IH
913	913	section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1
914	914	1986). 2
915	915	‘‘(3) An organization described in section 3
916	916	501(c) of such Code and exempt from taxation 4
917	917	under section 501(a) of such Code (other than an 5
918	918	organization described in section 501(c)(3) of such 6
919	919	Code). 7
920	920	‘‘(4) A labor organization (as defined in section 8
921	921	316(b)). 9
922	922	‘‘(5) Any political organization under section 10
923	923	527 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, other 11
924	924	than a political committee under this Act (except as 12
925	925	provided in paragraph (6)). 13
926	926	‘‘(6) A political committee with an account that 14
927	927	accepts donations or contributions that do not com-15
928	928	ply with the contribution limits or source prohibi-16
929	929	tions under this Act, but only with respect to such 17
930	930	accounts. 18
931	931	‘‘(f) C
932	932	OVEREDTRANSFERDEFINED.— 19
933	933	‘‘(1) I
934	934	N GENERAL.—In this section, the term 20
935	935	‘covered transfer’ means any transfer or payment of 21
936	936	funds by a covered organization to another person if 22
937	937	the covered organization— 23
938	938	‘‘(A) designates, requests, or suggests that 24
939	939	the amounts be used for— 25
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942	942	•HR 1118 IH
943	943	‘‘(i) campaign-related disbursements 1
944	944	(other than covered transfers); or 2
945	945	‘‘(ii) making a transfer to another 3
946	946	person for the purpose of making or pay-4
947	947	ing for such campaign-related disburse-5
948	948	ments; 6
949	949	‘‘(B) made such transfer or payment in re-7
950	950	sponse to a solicitation or other request for a 8
951	951	donation or payment for— 9
952	952	‘‘(i) the making of or paying for cam-10
953	953	paign-related disbursements (other than 11
954	954	covered transfers); or 12
955	955	‘‘(ii) making a transfer to another 13
956	956	person for the purpose of making or pay-14
957	957	ing for such campaign-related disburse-15
958	958	ments; 16
959	959	‘‘(C) engaged in discussions with the re-17
960	960	cipient of the transfer or payment regarding— 18
961	961	‘‘(i) the making of or paying for cam-19
962	962	paign-related disbursements (other than 20
963	963	covered transfers); or 21
964	964	‘‘(ii) donating or transferring any 22
965	965	amount of such transfer or payment to an-23
966	966	other person for the purpose of making or 24
967	967	VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:53 Mar 10, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1118.IH H1118
968	968	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 32
969	969	•HR 1118 IH
970	970	paying for such campaign-related disburse-1
971	971	ments; or 2
972	972	‘‘(D) knew or had reason to know that the 3
973	973	person receiving the transfer or payment would 4
974	974	make campaign-related disbursements in an ag-5
975	975	gregate amount of $50,000 or more during the 6
976	976	2-year period beginning on the date of the 7
977	977	transfer or payment. 8
978	978	‘‘(2) E
979	979	XCLUSIONS.—The term ‘covered transfer’ 9
980	980	does not include any of the following: 10
981	981	‘‘(A) A disbursement made by a covered 11
982	982	organization in a commercial transaction in the 12
983	983	ordinary course of any trade or business con-13
984	984	ducted by the covered organization or in the 14
985	985	form of investments made by the covered orga-15
986	986	nization. 16
987	987	‘‘(B) A disbursement made by a covered 17
988	988	organization if— 18
989	989	‘‘(i) the covered organization prohib-19
990	990	ited, in writing, the use of such disburse-20
991	991	ment for campaign-related disbursements; 21
992	992	and 22
993	993	‘‘(ii) the recipient of the disbursement 23
994	994	agreed to follow the prohibition and depos-24
995	995	ited the disbursement in an account which 25
996	996	VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:53 Mar 10, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1118.IH H1118
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998	998	•HR 1118 IH
999	999	is segregated from a campaign-related dis-1
1000	1000	bursement segregated fund and any other 2
1001	1001	account used to make campaign-related 3
1002	1002	disbursements. 4
1003	1003	‘‘(3) S
1004	1004	PECIAL RULE REGARDING TRANSFERS 5
1005	1005	AMONG AFFILIATES.— 6
1006	1006	‘‘(A) S
1007	1007	PECIAL RULE.—A transfer of an 7
1008	1008	amount by one covered organization to another 8
1009	1009	covered organization which is treated as a 9
1010	1010	transfer between affiliates under subparagraph 10
1011	1011	(C) shall be considered a covered transfer by 11
1012	1012	the covered organization which transfers the 12
1013	1013	amount only if the aggregate amount trans-13
1014	1014	ferred during the year by such covered organi-14
1015	1015	zation to that same covered organization is 15
1016	1016	equal to or greater than $50,000. 16
1017	1017	‘‘(B) D
1018	1018	ETERMINATION OF AMOUNT OF 17
1019	1019	CERTAIN PAYMENTS AMONG AFFILIATES .—In 18
1020	1020	determining the amount of a transfer between 19
1021	1021	affiliates for purposes of subparagraph (A), to 20
1022	1022	the extent that the transfer consists of funds 21
1023	1023	attributable to dues, fees, or assessments which 22
1024	1024	are paid by individuals on a regular, periodic 23
1025	1025	basis in accordance with a per-individual cal-24
1026	1026	culation which is made on a regular basis, the 25
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1029	1029	•HR 1118 IH
1030	1030	transfer shall be attributed to the individuals 1
1031	1031	paying the dues, fees, or assessments and shall 2
1032	1032	not be attributed to the covered organization. 3
1033	1033	‘‘(C) D
1034	1034	ESCRIPTION OF TRANSFERS BE -4
1035	1035	TWEEN AFFILIATES .—A transfer of amounts 5
1036	1036	from one covered organization to another cov-6
1037	1037	ered organization shall be treated as a transfer 7
1038	1038	between affiliates if— 8
1039	1039	‘‘(i) one of the organizations is an af-9
1040	1040	filiate of the other organization; or 10
1041	1041	‘‘(ii) each of the organizations is an 11
1042	1042	affiliate of the same organization, 12
1043	1043	except that the transfer shall not be treated as 13
1044	1044	a transfer between affiliates if one of the orga-14
1045	1045	nizations is established for the purpose of mak-15
1046	1046	ing campaign-related disbursements. 16
1047	1047	‘‘(D) D
1048	1048	ETERMINATION OF AFFILIATE STA -17
1049	1049	TUS.—For purposes of subparagraph (C), a 18
1050	1050	covered organization is an affiliate of another 19
1051	1051	covered organization if— 20
1052	1052	‘‘(i) the governing instrument of the 21
1053	1053	organization requires it to be bound by de-22
1054	1054	cisions of the other organization; 23
1055	1055	‘‘(ii) the governing board of the orga-24
1056	1056	nization includes persons who are specifi-25
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1059	1059	•HR 1118 IH
1060	1060	cally designated representatives of the 1
1061	1061	other organization or are members of the 2
1062	1062	governing board, officers, or paid executive 3
1063	1063	staff members of the other organization, or 4
1064	1064	whose service on the governing board is 5
1065	1065	contingent upon the approval of the other 6
1066	1066	organization; or 7
1067	1067	‘‘(iii) the organization is chartered by 8
1068	1068	the other organization. 9
1069	1069	‘‘(E) C
1070	1070	OVERAGE OF TRANSFERS TO AF -10
1071	1071	FILIATED SECTION 501(c)(3) ORGANIZA-11
1072	1072	TIONS.—This paragraph shall apply with re-12
1073	1073	spect to an amount transferred by a covered or-13
1074	1074	ganization to an organization described in para-14
1075	1075	graph (3) of section 501(c) of the Internal Rev-15
1076	1076	enue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under 16
1077	1077	section 501(a) of such Code in the same man-17
1078	1078	ner as this paragraph applies to an amount 18
1079	1079	transferred by a covered organization to an-19
1080	1080	other covered organization. 20
1081	1081	‘‘(g) N
1082	1082	OEFFECT ONOTHERREPORTINGREQUIRE-21
1083	1083	MENTS.—Except as provided in subsection (b)(1), nothing 22
1084	1084	in this section shall be construed to waive or otherwise 23
1085	1085	affect any other requirement of this Act which relates to 24
1086	1086	the reporting of campaign-related disbursements.’’. 25
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1089	1089	•HR 1118 IH
1090	1090	(b) CONFORMINGAMENDMENT.—Section 304(f)(6) 1
1091	1091	of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30104) is amended by striking 2
1092	1092	‘‘Any requirement’’ and inserting ‘‘Except as provided in 3
1093	1093	section 324(b), any requirement’’. 4
1094	1094	(c) R
1095	1095	EGULATIONS.—Not later than 6 months after 5
1096	1096	the date of the enactment of this Act, the Federal Election 6
1097	1097	Commission shall promulgate regulations relating the ap-7
1098	1098	plication of the exemption under section 324(a)(3)(C) of 8
1099	1099	the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (as added by 9
1100	1100	subsection (a)). Such regulations— 10
1101	1101	(1) shall require that the legal burden of estab-11
1102	1102	lishing eligibility for such exemption is upon the or-12
1103	1103	ganization required to make the report required 13
1104	1104	under section 324(a)(1) of such Act (as added by 14
1105	1105	subsection (a)), and 15
1106	1106	(2) shall be consistent with the principles ap-16
1107	1107	plied in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commis-17
1108	1108	sion, 558 U.S. 310 (2010). 18
1109	1109	SEC. 202. REPORTING OF FEDERAL JUDICIAL NOMINATION 19
1110	1110	DISBURSEMENTS. 20
1111	1111	(a) F
1112	1112	INDINGS.—Congress makes the following find-21
1113	1113	ings: 22
1114	1114	(1) A fair and impartial judiciary is critical for 23
1115	1115	our democracy and crucial to maintain the faith of 24
1116	1116	the people of the United States in the justice sys-25
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1119	1119	•HR 1118 IH
1120	1120	tem. As the Supreme Court held in Caperton v. 1
1121	1121	Massey, ‘‘there is a serious risk of actual bias— 2
1122	1122	based on objective and reasonable perceptions— 3
1123	1123	when a person with a personal stake in a particular 4
1124	1124	case had a significant and disproportionate influence 5
1125	1125	in placing the judge on the case.’’ (Caperton v. A. 6
1126	1126	T. Massey Coal Co., 556 U.S. 868, 884 (2009)). 7
1127	1127	(2) Public trust in government is at a historic 8
1128	1128	low. According to polling, most Americans believe 9
1129	1129	that corporations have too much power and influence 10
1130	1130	in politics and the courts. 11
1131	1131	(3) The prevalence and pervasiveness of dark 12
1132	1132	money drives public concern about corruption in pol-13
1133	1133	itics and the courts. Dark money is funding for or-14
1134	1134	ganizations and political activities that cannot be 15
1135	1135	traced to actual donors. It is made possible by loop-16
1136	1136	holes in our tax laws and regulations, weak oversight 17
1137	1137	by the Internal Revenue Service, and donor-friendly 18
1138	1138	court decisions. 19
1139	1139	(4) Under current law, ‘‘social welfare’’ organi-20
1140	1140	zations and business leagues can use funds to influ-21
1141	1141	ence elections so long as political activity is not their 22
1142	1142	‘‘primary’’ activity. Super PACs can accept and 23
1143	1143	spend unlimited contributions from any non-foreign 24
1144	1144	source. These groups can spend tens of millions of 25
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1147	1147	•HR 1118 IH
1148	1148	dollars on political activities. Such dark money 1
1149	1149	groups spent an estimated $1,050,000,000 in the 2
1150	1150	2020 election cycle. 3
1151	1151	(5) Dark money is used to shape judicial deci-4
1152	1152	sion-making. This can take many forms, akin to 5
1153	1153	agency capture: influencing judicial selection by con-6
1154	1154	trolling who gets nominated and funding candidate 7
1155	1155	advertisements; creating public relations campaigns 8
1156	1156	aimed at mobilizing the judiciary around particular 9
1157	1157	issues; and drafting law review articles, amicus 10
1158	1158	briefs, and other products which tell judges how to 11
1159	1159	decide a given case and provide ready-made argu-12
1160	1160	ments for willing judges to adopt. 13
1161	1161	(6) Over the past decade, nonprofit organiza-14
1162	1162	tions that do not disclose their donors have spent 15
1163	1163	hundreds of millions of dollars to influence the nomi-16
1164	1164	nation and confirmation process for Federal judges. 17
1165	1165	One organization alone has spent nearly 18
1166	1166	$40,000,000 on advertisements supporting or oppos-19
1167	1167	ing Supreme Court nominees since 2016. 20
1168	1168	(7) Anonymous money spent on judicial nomi-21
1169	1169	nations is not subject to any disclosure require-22
1170	1170	ments. Federal election laws only regulate contribu-23
1171	1171	tions and expenditures relating to electoral politics; 24
1172	1172	thus, expenditures, contributions, and advocacy ef-25
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1175	1175	•HR 1118 IH
1176	1176	forts for Federal judgeships are not covered under 1
1177	1177	the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971. With-2
1178	1178	out more disclosure, the public has no way of know-3
1179	1179	ing whether the people spending money supporting 4
1180	1180	or opposing judicial nominations have business be-5
1181	1181	fore the courts. 6
1182	1182	(8) Congress and the American people have a 7
1183	1183	compelling interest in knowing who is funding these 8
1184	1184	campaigns to select and confirm judges to lifetime 9
1185	1185	appointments on the Federal bench. 10
1186	1186	(b) R
1187	1187	EPORTING.—Section 324 of the Federal Elec-11
1188	1188	tion Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30126), as amend-12
1189	1189	ed by section 201, is amended by redesignating subsection 13
1190	1190	(g) as subsection (h) and by inserting after subsection (f) 14
1191	1191	the following new subsection: 15
1192	1192	‘‘(g) A
1193	1193	PPLICATION TOFEDERALJUDICIALNOMINA-16
1194	1194	TIONS.— 17
1195	1195	‘‘(1) I
1196	1196	N GENERAL.—For purposes of this sec-18
1197	1197	tion— 19
1198	1198	‘‘(A) a disbursement by a covered organi-20
1199	1199	zation for a Federal judicial nomination com-21
1200	1200	munication shall be treated as a campaign-re-22
1201	1201	lated disbursement; and 23
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1204	1204	•HR 1118 IH
1205	1205	‘‘(B) in the case of campaign-related dis-1
1206	1206	bursements which are for Federal judicial nomi-2
1207	1207	nation communications— 3
1208	1208	‘‘(i) the dollar amounts in paragraphs 4
1209	1209	(1) and (2) of subsection (a) shall be ap-5
1210	1210	plied separately with respect to such dis-6
1211	1211	bursements and other campaign-related 7
1212	1212	disbursements; 8
1213	1213	‘‘(ii) the election reporting cycle shall 9
1214	1214	be the calendar year in which the disburse-10
1215	1215	ment for the Federal judicial nomination 11
1216	1216	communication is made; 12
1217	1217	‘‘(iii) references to a candidate in sub-13
1218	1218	sections (a)(2)(C), (a)(2)(D), and 14
1219	1219	(a)(3)(C) shall be treated as references to 15
1220	1220	a nominee for a Federal judge or justice; 16
1221	1221	and 17
1222	1222	‘‘(iv) the reference to an election in 18
1223	1223	subsection (a)(2)(C) shall be treated as a 19
1224	1224	reference to the nomination of such nomi-20
1225	1225	nee. 21
1226	1226	‘‘(2) F
1227	1227	EDERAL JUDICIAL NOMINATION COMMU -22
1228	1228	NICATION.— 23
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1231	1231	•HR 1118 IH
1232	1232	‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘Federal ju-1
1233	1233	dicial nomination communication’ means any 2
1234	1234	communication— 3
1235	1235	‘‘(i) that is by means of any broad-4
1236	1236	cast, cable, or satellite, paid internet, or 5
1237	1237	paid digital communication, paid pro-6
1238	1238	motion, newspaper, magazine, outdoor ad-7
1239	1239	vertising facility, mass mailing, telephone 8
1240	1240	bank, telephone messaging effort of more 9
1241	1241	than 500 substantially similar calls or elec-10
1242	1242	tronic messages within a 30-day period, or 11
1243	1243	any other form of general public political 12
1244	1244	advertising; and 13
1245	1245	‘‘(ii) which promotes, supports, at-14
1246	1246	tacks, or opposes the nomination or Senate 15
1247	1247	confirmation of an individual as a Federal 16
1248	1248	judge or justice. 17
1249	1249	‘‘(B) E
1250	1250	XCEPTION.—Such term shall not in-18
1251	1251	clude any news story, commentary, or editorial 19
1252	1252	distributed through the facilities of any broad-20
1253	1253	casting station or any print, online, or digital 21
1254	1254	newspaper, magazine, publication, or periodical, 22
1255	1255	unless such facilities are owned or controlled by 23
1256	1256	any political party, political committee, or can-24
1257	1257	didate. 25
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1260	1260	•HR 1118 IH
1261	1261	‘‘(C) INTENT NOT REQUIRED .—A disburse-1
1262	1262	ment for an item described in subparagraph (A) 2
1263	1263	shall be treated as a disbursement for a Federal 3
1264	1264	judicial nomination communication regardless 4
1265	1265	of the intent of the person making the disburse-5
1266	1266	ment.’’. 6
1267	1267	SEC. 203. COORDINATION WITH FINCEN. 7
1268	1268	(a) I
1269	1269	NGENERAL.—The Director of the Financial 8
1270	1270	Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the 9
1271	1271	Treasury shall provide the Federal Election Commission 10
1272	1272	with such information as necessary to assist in admin-11
1273	1273	istering and enforcing section 324 of the Federal Election 12
1274	1274	Campaign Act of 1971, as amended by this title. 13
1275	1275	(b) R
1276	1276	EPORT.—Not later than 6 months after the date 14
1277	1277	of the enactment of this Act, the Chairman of the Federal 15
1278	1278	Election Commission, in consultation with the Director of 16
1279	1279	the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the De-17
1280	1280	partment of the Treasury, shall submit to Congress a re-18
1281	1281	port with recommendations for providing further legisla-19
1282	1282	tive authority to assist in the administration and enforce-20
1283	1283	ment of such section 324. 21
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1286	1286	•HR 1118 IH
1287	1287	SEC. 204. APPLICATION OF FOREIGN MONEY BAN TO DIS-1
1288	1288	BURSEMENTS FOR CAMPAIGN-RELATED DIS-2
1289	1289	BURSEMENTS CONSISTING OF COVERED 3
1290	1290	TRANSFERS. 4
1291	1291	Section 319(b)(2) of the Federal Election Campaign 5
1292	1292	Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(a)(1)(A)), as amended by 6
1293	1293	section 101, is amended— 7
1294	1294	(1) by striking ‘‘includes any disbursement’’ 8
1295	1295	and inserting ‘‘includes— 9
1296	1296	‘‘(A) any disbursement’’; 10
1297	1297	(2) by striking the period at the end and insert-11
1298	1298	ing ‘‘; and’’, and 12
1299	1299	(3) by adding at the end the following new sub-13
1300	1300	paragraph: 14
1301	1301	‘‘(B) any disbursement, other than a dis-15
1302	1302	bursement described in section 324(a)(3)(A), to 16
1303	1303	another person who made a campaign-related 17
1304	1304	disbursement consisting of a covered transfer 18
1305	1305	(as described in section 324) during the 2-year 19
1306	1306	period ending on the date of the disburse-20
1307	1307	ment.’’. 21
1308	1308	SEC. 205. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING IMPLEMENTA-22
1309	1309	TION. 23
1310	1310	It is the sense of Congress that the Federal Election 24
1311	1311	Commission should simplify the process for filing any dis-25
1312	1312	closure required under the provisions of, and amendments 26
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1315	1315	•HR 1118 IH
1316	1316	made by, this title in order to ensure that such process 1
1317	1317	is as easy and accessible as possible. 2
1318	1318	SEC. 206. EFFECTIVE DATE. 3
1319	1319	The amendments made by this title shall apply with 4
1320	1320	respect to disbursements made on or after January 1, 5
1321	1321	2024, and shall take effect without regard to whether or 6
1322	1322	not the Federal Election Commission has promulgated 7
1323	1323	regulations to carry out such amendments. 8
1324	1324	TITLE III—OTHER 9
1325	1325	ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS 10
1326	1326	SEC. 301. PETITION FOR CERTIORARI. 11
1327	1327	Section 307(a)(6) of the Federal Election Campaign 12
1328	1328	Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30107(a)(6)) is amended by in-13
1329	1329	serting ‘‘(including a proceeding before the Supreme 14
1330	1330	Court on certiorari)’’ after ‘‘appeal’’. 15
1331	1331	SEC. 302. JUDICIAL REVIEW OF ACTIONS RELATED TO CAM-16
1332	1332	PAIGN FINANCE LAWS. 17
1333	1333	(a) I
1334	1334	NGENERAL.—Title IV of the Federal Election 18
1335	1335	Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30141 et seq.) is 19
1336	1336	amended by inserting after section 406 the following new 20
1337	1337	section: 21
1338	1338	‘‘SEC. 407. JUDICIAL REVIEW. 22
1339	1339	‘‘(a) I
1340	1340	NGENERAL.—If any action is brought for de-23
1341	1341	claratory or injunctive relief to challenge, whether facially 24
1342	1342	or as-applied, the constitutionality or lawfulness of any 25
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1345	1345	•HR 1118 IH
1346	1346	provision of this Act, including title V, or of chapter 95 1
1347	1347	or 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or is brought 2
1348	1348	to with respect to any action of the Commission under 3
1349	1349	chapter 95 or 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, 4
1350	1350	the following rules shall apply: 5
1351	1351	‘‘(1) The action shall be filed in the United 6
1352	1352	States District Court for the District of Columbia 7
1353	1353	and an appeal from the decision of the district court 8
1354	1354	may be taken to the Court of Appeals for the Dis-9
1355	1355	trict of Columbia Circuit. 10
1356	1356	‘‘(2) In the case of an action relating to declar-11
1357	1357	atory or injunctive relief to challenge the constitu-12
1358	1358	tionality of a provision, the party filing the action 13
1359	1359	shall concurrently deliver a copy of the complaint to 14
1360	1360	the Clerk of the House of Representatives and the 15
1361	1361	Secretary of the Senate. 16
1362	1362	‘‘(3) It shall be the duty of the United States 17
1363	1363	District Court for the District of Columbia and the 18
1364	1364	Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Cir-19
1365	1365	cuit to advance on the docket and to expedite to the 20
1366	1366	greatest possible extent the disposition of the action 21
1367	1367	and appeal. 22
1368	1368	‘‘(b) C
1369	1369	LARIFYINGSCOPE OFJURISDICTION.—If an 23
1370	1370	action at the time of its commencement is not subject to 24
1371	1371	subsection (a), but an amendment, counterclaim, cross- 25
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1374	1374	•HR 1118 IH
1375	1375	claim, affirmative defense, or any other pleading or motion 1
1376	1376	is filed challenging, whether facially or as-applied, the con-2
1377	1377	stitutionality or lawfulness of this Act or of chapter 95 3
1378	1378	or 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or is brought 4
1379	1379	to with respect to any action of the Commission under 5
1380	1380	chapter 95 or 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, 6
1381	1381	the district court shall transfer the action to the District 7
1382	1382	Court for the District of Columbia, and the action shall 8
1383	1383	thereafter be conducted pursuant to subsection (a). 9
1384	1384	‘‘(c) I
1385	1385	NTERVENTION BY MEMBERS OFCONGRESS.— 10
1386	1386	In any action described in subsection (a) relating to de-11
1387	1387	claratory or injunctive relief to challenge the constitu-12
1388	1388	tionality of a provision, any Member of the House of Rep-13
1389	1389	resentatives (including a Delegate or Resident Commis-14
1390	1390	sioner to the Congress) or Senate shall have the right to 15
1391	1391	intervene either in support of or opposition to the position 16
1392	1392	of a party to the case regarding the constitutionality of 17
1393	1393	the provision. To avoid duplication of efforts and reduce 18
1394	1394	the burdens placed on the parties to the action, the court 19
1395	1395	in any such action may make such orders as it considers 20
1396	1396	necessary, including orders to require interveners taking 21
1397	1397	similar positions to file joint papers or to be represented 22
1398	1398	by a single attorney at oral argument. 23
1399	1399	‘‘(d) C
1400	1400	HALLENGE BYMEMBERS OFCONGRESS.—Any 24
1401	1401	Member of Congress may bring an action, subject to the 25
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1404	1404	•HR 1118 IH
1405	1405	special rules described in subsection (a), for declaratory 1
1406	1406	or injunctive relief to challenge, whether facially or as-ap-2
1407	1407	plied, the constitutionality of any provision of this Act or 3
1408	1408	chapter 95 or 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.’’. 4
1409	1409	(b) C
1410	1410	ONFORMINGAMENDMENTS.— 5
1411	1411	(1) Section 9011 of the Internal Revenue Code 6
1412	1412	of 1986 is amended to read as follows: 7
1413	1413	‘‘SEC. 9011. JUDICIAL REVIEW. 8
1414	1414	‘‘For provisions relating to judicial review of certifi-9
1415	1415	cations, determinations, and actions by the Commission 10
1416	1416	under this chapter, see section 407 of the Federal Election 11
1417	1417	Campaign Act of 1971.’’. 12
1418	1418	(2) Section 9041 of the Internal Revenue Code 13
1419	1419	of 1986 is amended to read as follows: 14
1420	1420	‘‘SEC. 9041. JUDICIAL REVIEW. 15
1421	1421	‘‘For provisions relating to judicial review of actions 16
1422	1422	by the Commission under this chapter, see section 407 of 17
1423	1423	the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.’’. 18
1424	1424	(3) Section 310 of the Federal Election Cam-19
1425	1425	paign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30110) is repealed. 20
1426	1426	(4) Section 403 of the Bipartisan Campaign 21
1427	1427	Reform Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 30110 note) is re-22
1428	1428	pealed. 23
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1431	1431	•HR 1118 IH
1432	1432	SEC. 303. EFFECTIVE DATE. 1
1433	1433	The amendments made by this title shall take effect 2
1434	1434	and apply on the date of the enactment of this Act, with-3
1435	1435	out regard to whether or not the Federal Election Com-4
1436	1436	mission has promulgated regulations to carry out this title 5
1437	1437	and the amendments made by this title. 6
1438	1438	TITLE IV—STAND BY EVERY AD 7
1439	1439	SEC. 401. SHORT TITLE. 8
1440	1440	This title may be cited as the ‘‘Stand By Every Ad 9
1441	1441	Act’’. 10
1442	1442	SEC. 402. STAND BY EVERY AD. 11
1443	1443	(a) E
1444	1444	XPANDEDDISCLAIMERREQUIREMENTS FOR 12
1445	1445	C
1446	1446	ERTAINCOMMUNICATIONS.—Section 318 of the Federal 13
1447	1447	Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30120) is 14
1448	1448	amended by adding at the end the following new sub-15
1449	1449	section: 16
1450	1450	‘‘(e) E
1451	1451	XPANDEDDISCLAIMERREQUIREMENTS FOR 17
1452	1452	C
1453	1453	OMMUNICATIONS NOTAUTHORIZED BYCANDIDATES OR 18
1454	1454	C
1455	1455	OMMITTEES.— 19
1456	1456	‘‘(1) I
1457	1457	N GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-20
1458	1458	graph (6), any communication described in para-21
1459	1459	graph (3) of subsection (a) which is transmitted in 22
1460	1460	an audio or video format (including an internet or 23
1461	1461	digital communication), or which is an internet or 24
1462	1462	digital communication transmitted in a text or 25
1463	1463	graphic format, shall include, in addition to the re-26
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1466	1466	•HR 1118 IH
1467	1467	quirements of paragraph (3) of subsection (a), the 1
1468	1468	following: 2
1469	1469	‘‘(A) The individual disclosure statement 3
1470	1470	described in paragraph (2)(A) (if the person 4
1471	1471	paying for the communication is an individual) 5
1472	1472	or the organizational disclosure statement de-6
1473	1473	scribed in paragraph (2)(B) (if the person pay-7
1474	1474	ing for the communication is not an individual). 8
1475	1475	‘‘(B) If the communication is transmitted 9
1476	1476	in a video format, or is an internet or digital 10
1477	1477	communication which is transmitted in a text or 11
1478	1478	graphic format, and is paid for in whole or in 12
1479	1479	part with a payment which is treated as a cam-13
1480	1480	paign-related disbursement under section 324— 14
1481	1481	‘‘(i) the Top Five Funders list (if ap-15
1482	1482	plicable); or 16
1483	1483	‘‘(ii) in the case of a communication 17
1484	1484	which, as determined on the basis of cri-18
1485	1485	teria established in regulations issued by 19
1486	1486	the Commission, is of such short duration 20
1487	1487	that including the Top Five Funders list in 21
1488	1488	the communication would constitute a 22
1489	1489	hardship to the person paying for the com-23
1490	1490	munication by requiring a disproportionate 24
1491	1491	amount of the content of the communica-25
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1494	1494	•HR 1118 IH
1495	1495	tion to consist of the Top Five Funders 1
1496	1496	list, the name of a website which contains 2
1497	1497	the Top Five Funders list (if applicable) 3
1498	1498	or, in the case of an internet or digital 4
1499	1499	communication, a hyperlink to such 5
1500	1500	website. 6
1501	1501	‘‘(C) If the communication is transmitted 7
1502	1502	in an audio format and is paid for in whole or 8
1503	1503	in part with a payment which is treated as a 9
1504	1504	campaign-related disbursement under section 10
1505	1505	324— 11
1506	1506	‘‘(i) the Top Two Funders list (if ap-12
1507	1507	plicable); or 13
1508	1508	‘‘(ii) in the case of a communication 14
1509	1509	which, as determined on the basis of cri-15
1510	1510	teria established in regulations issued by 16
1511	1511	the Commission, is of such short duration 17
1512	1512	that including the Top Two Funders list in 18
1513	1513	the communication would constitute a 19
1514	1514	hardship to the person paying for the com-20
1515	1515	munication by requiring a disproportionate 21
1516	1516	amount of the content of the communica-22
1517	1517	tion to consist of the Top Two Funders 23
1518	1518	list, the name of a website which contains 24
1519	1519	the Top Two Funders list (if applicable). 25
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1522	1522	•HR 1118 IH
1523	1523	‘‘(2) DISCLOSURE STATEMENTS DESCRIBED .— 1
1524	1524	‘‘(A) I
1525	1525	NDIVIDUAL DISCLOSURE STATE -2
1526	1526	MENTS.—The individual disclosure statement 3
1527	1527	described in this subparagraph is the following: 4
1528	1528	‘I am llllllll , and I approve this 5
1529	1529	message.’, with the blank filled in with the 6
1530	1530	name of the applicable individual. 7
1531	1531	‘‘(B) O
1532	1532	RGANIZATIONAL DISCLOSURE 8
1533	1533	STATEMENTS.—The organizational disclosure 9
1534	1534	statement described in this subparagraph is the 10
1535	1535	following: ‘I am llllllll , the 11
1536	1536	llllllll of llllllll , and 12
1537	1537	llllllll approves this message.’, 13
1538	1538	with— 14
1539	1539	‘‘(i) the first blank to be filled in with 15
1540	1540	the name of the applicable individual; 16
1541	1541	‘‘(ii) the second blank to be filled in 17
1542	1542	with the title of the applicable individual; 18
1543	1543	and 19
1544	1544	‘‘(iii) the third and fourth blank each 20
1545	1545	to be filled in with the name of the organi-21
1546	1546	zation or other person paying for the com-22
1547	1547	munication. 23
1548	1548	‘‘(3) M
1549	1549	ETHOD OF CONVEYANCE OF STATE -24
1550	1550	MENT.— 25
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1553	1553	•HR 1118 IH
1554	1554	‘‘(A) COMMUNICATIONS IN TEXT OR 1
1555	1555	GRAPHIC FORMAT.—In the case of a commu-2
1556	1556	nication to which this subsection applies which 3
1557	1557	is transmitted in a text or graphic format, the 4
1558	1558	disclosure statements required under paragraph 5
1559	1559	(1) shall appear in letters at least as large as 6
1560	1560	the majority of the text in the communication. 7
1561	1561	‘‘(B) C
1562	1562	OMMUNICATIONS TRANSMITTED IN 8
1563	1563	AUDIO FORMAT.—In the case of a communica-9
1564	1564	tion to which this subsection applies which is 10
1565	1565	transmitted in an audio format, the disclosure 11
1566	1566	statements required under paragraph (1) shall 12
1567	1567	be made by audio by the applicable individual 13
1568	1568	in a clear and conspicuous manner. 14
1569	1569	‘‘(C) C
1570	1570	OMMUNICATIONS TRANSMITTED IN 15
1571	1571	VIDEO FORMAT.—In the case of a communica-16
1572	1572	tion to which this subsection applies which is 17
1573	1573	transmitted in a video format, the information 18
1574	1574	required under paragraph (1) shall appear in 19
1575	1575	writing at the end of the communication or in 20
1576	1576	a crawl along the bottom of the communication 21
1577	1577	in a clear and conspicuous manner, with a rea-22
1578	1578	sonable degree of color contrast between the 23
1579	1579	background and the printed statement, for a 24
1580	1580	period of at least 6 seconds. 25
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1583	1583	•HR 1118 IH
1584	1584	‘‘(4) APPLICABLE INDIVIDUAL DEFINED .—The 1
1585	1585	term ‘applicable individual’ means, with respect to a 2
1586	1586	communication to which this subsection applies— 3
1587	1587	‘‘(A) if the communication is paid for by 4
1588	1588	an individual, the individual involved; 5
1589	1589	‘‘(B) if the communication is paid for by a 6
1590	1590	corporation, the chief executive officer of the 7
1591	1591	corporation (or, if the corporation does not have 8
1592	1592	a chief executive officer, the highest ranking of-9
1593	1593	ficial of the corporation); 10
1594	1594	‘‘(C) if the communication is paid for by a 11
1595	1595	labor organization, the highest ranking officer 12
1596	1596	of the labor organization; and 13
1597	1597	‘‘(D) if the communication is paid for by 14
1598	1598	any other person, the highest ranking official of 15
1599	1599	such person. 16
1600	1600	‘‘(5) T
1601	1601	OP FIVE FUNDERS LIST AND TOP TWO 17
1602	1602	FUNDERS LIST DEFINED .— 18
1603	1603	‘‘(A) T
1604	1604	OP FIVE FUNDERS LIST.—The term 19
1605	1605	‘Top Five Funders list’ means, with respect to 20
1606	1606	a communication which is paid for in whole or 21
1607	1607	in part with a campaign-related disbursement 22
1608	1608	(as defined in section 324), a list of the 5 per-23
1609	1609	sons who, during the 12-month period ending 24
1610	1610	on the date of the disbursement, provided the 25
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1613	1613	•HR 1118 IH
1614	1614	largest payments of any type in an aggregate 1
1615	1615	amount equal to or exceeding $10,000 to the 2
1616	1616	person who is paying for the communication 3
1617	1617	and the amount of the payments each such per-4
1618	1618	son provided. If 2 or more people provided the 5
1619	1619	fifth largest of such payments, the person pay-6
1620	1620	ing for the communication shall select 1 of 7
1621	1621	those persons to be included on the Top Five 8
1622	1622	Funders list. 9
1623	1623	‘‘(B) T
1624	1624	OP TWO FUNDERS LIST .—The term 10
1625	1625	‘Top Two Funders list’ means, with respect to 11
1626	1626	a communication which is paid for in whole or 12
1627	1627	in part with a campaign-related disbursement 13
1628	1628	(as defined in section 324), a list of the persons 14
1629	1629	who, during the 12-month period ending on the 15
1630	1630	date of the disbursement, provided the largest 16
1631	1631	and the second largest payments of any type in 17
1632	1632	an aggregate amount equal to or exceeding 18
1633	1633	$10,000 to the person who is paying for the 19
1634	1634	communication and the amount of the pay-20
1635	1635	ments each such person provided. If 2 or more 21
1636	1636	persons provided the second largest of such 22
1637	1637	payments, the person paying for the commu-23
1638	1638	nication shall select 1 of those persons to be in-24
1639	1639	cluded on the Top Two Funders list. 25
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1642	1642	•HR 1118 IH
1643	1643	‘‘(C) EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN PAY -1
1644	1644	MENTS.—For purposes of subparagraphs (A) 2
1645	1645	and (B), in determining the amount of pay-3
1646	1646	ments made by a person to a person paying for 4
1647	1647	a communication, there shall be excluded the 5
1648	1648	following: 6
1649	1649	‘‘(i) Any amounts provided in the or-7
1650	1650	dinary course of any trade or business con-8
1651	1651	ducted by the person paying for the com-9
1652	1652	munication or in the form of investments 10
1653	1653	in the person paying for the communica-11
1654	1654	tion. 12
1655	1655	‘‘(ii) Any payment which the person 13
1656	1656	prohibited, in writing, from being used for 14
1657	1657	campaign-related disbursements, but only 15
1658	1658	if the person paying for the communication 16
1659	1659	agreed to follow the prohibition and depos-17
1660	1660	ited the payment in an account which is 18
1661	1661	segregated from a campaign-related dis-19
1662	1662	bursement segregated fund (as defined in 20
1663	1663	section 324) and any other account used to 21
1664	1664	make campaign-related disbursements. 22
1665	1665	‘‘(6) S
1666	1666	PECIAL RULES FOR CERTAIN COMMU -23
1667	1667	NICATIONS.— 24
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1670	1670	•HR 1118 IH
1671	1671	‘‘(A) EXCEPTION FOR COMMUNICATIONS 1
1672	1672	PAID FOR BY POLITICAL PARTIES AND CERTAIN 2
1673	1673	POLITICAL COMMITTEES .—This subsection does 3
1674	1674	not apply to any communication to which sub-4
1675	1675	section (d)(2) applies. 5
1676	1676	‘‘(B) T
1677	1677	REATMENT OF VIDEO COMMUNICA -6
1678	1678	TIONS LASTING 10 SECONDS OR LESS .—In the 7
1679	1679	case of a communication to which this sub-8
1680	1680	section applies which is transmitted in a video 9
1681	1681	format, or is an internet or digital communica-10
1682	1682	tion which is transmitted in a text or graphic 11
1683	1683	format, the communication shall meet the fol-12
1684	1684	lowing requirements: 13
1685	1685	‘‘(i) The communication shall include 14
1686	1686	the individual disclosure statement de-15
1687	1687	scribed in paragraph (2)(A) (if the person 16
1688	1688	paying for the communication is an indi-17
1689	1689	vidual) or the organizational disclosure 18
1690	1690	statement described in paragraph (2)(B) 19
1691	1691	(if the person paying for the communica-20
1692	1692	tion is not an individual). 21
1693	1693	‘‘(ii) The statement described in 22
1694	1694	clause (i) shall appear in writing at the 23
1695	1695	end of the communication, or in a crawl 24
1696	1696	along the bottom of the communication, in 25
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1699	1699	•HR 1118 IH
1700	1700	a clear and conspicuous manner, with a 1
1701	1701	reasonable degree of color contrast between 2
1702	1702	the background and the printed statement, 3
1703	1703	for a period of at least 4 seconds. 4
1704	1704	‘‘(iii) The communication shall in-5
1705	1705	clude, in a clear and conspicuous manner, 6
1706	1706	a website address with a landing page 7
1707	1707	which will provide all of the information 8
1708	1708	described in paragraph (1) with respect to 9
1709	1709	the communication. Such address shall ap-10
1710	1710	pear for the full duration of the commu-11
1711	1711	nication. 12
1712	1712	‘‘(iv) To the extent that the format in 13
1713	1713	which the communication is made permits 14
1714	1714	the use of a hyperlink, the communication 15
1715	1715	shall include a hyperlink to the website ad-16
1716	1716	dress described in clause (iii).’’. 17
1717	1717	(b) A
1718	1718	PPLICATION OFEXPANDEDREQUIREMENTS TO 18
1719	1719	P
1720	1720	UBLICCOMMUNICATIONS CONSISTING OFCAMPAIGN- 19
1721	1721	R
1722	1722	ELATEDDISBURSEMENTS.— 20
1723	1723	(1) I
1724	1724	N GENERAL.—Section 318(a) of such Act 21
1725	1725	(52 U.S.C. 30120(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘for 22
1726	1726	the purpose of financing communications expressly 23
1727	1727	advocating the election or defeat of a clearly identi-24
1728	1728	fied candidate’’ and inserting ‘‘for a campaign-re-25
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1730	1730	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 58
1731	1731	•HR 1118 IH
1732	1732	lated disbursement, as defined in section 324, con-1
1733	1733	sisting of a public communication’’. 2
1734	1734	(2) C
1735	1735	LARIFICATION OF EXEMPTION FROM IN -3
1736	1736	CLUSION OF CANDIDATE DISCLAIMER STATEMENT IN 4
1737	1737	FEDERAL JUDICIAL NOMINATION COMMUNICA -5
1738	1738	TIONS.—Section 318(a)(3) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 6
1739	1739	30120(a)(3)) is amended by striking ‘‘shall clearly 7
1740	1740	state’’ and inserting ‘‘shall (except in the case of a 8
1741	1741	Federal judicial nomination communication, as de-9
1742	1742	fined in section 324(d)(3)) clearly state’’. 10
1743	1743	(c) E
1744	1744	XCEPTION FORCOMMUNICATIONS PAID FOR BY 11
1745	1745	P
1746	1746	OLITICALPARTIES ANDCERTAINPOLITICALCOMMIT-12
1747	1747	TEES.—Section 318(d)(2) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 13
1748	1748	30120(d)(2)) is amended— 14
1749	1749	(1) in the heading, by striking ‘‘
1750	1750	OTHERS’’ and 15
1751	1751	inserting ‘‘
1752	1752	CERTAIN POLITICAL COMMITTEES ’’; 16
1753	1753	(2) by striking ‘‘Any communication’’ and in-17
1754	1754	serting ‘‘(A) Any communication’’; 18
1755	1755	(3) by inserting ‘‘which (except to the extent 19
1756	1756	provided in subparagraph (B)) is paid for by a polit-20
1757	1757	ical committee (including a political committee of a 21
1758	1758	political party) and’’ after ‘‘subsection (a)’’; 22
1759	1759	(4) by striking ‘‘or other person’’ each place it 23
1760	1760	appears; and 24
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1762	1762	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 59
1763	1763	•HR 1118 IH
1764	1764	(5) by adding at the end the following new sub-1
1765	1765	paragraph: 2
1766	1766	‘‘(B)(i) This paragraph does not apply to 3
1767	1767	a communication paid for in whole or in part 4
1768	1768	during a calendar year with a campaign-related 5
1769	1769	disbursement, but only if the covered organiza-6
1770	1770	tion making the campaign-related disbursement 7
1771	1771	made campaign-related disbursements (as de-8
1772	1772	fined in section 324) aggregating more than 9
1773	1773	$10,000 during such calendar year. 10
1774	1774	‘‘(ii) For purposes of clause (i), in deter-11
1775	1775	mining the amount of campaign-related dis-12
1776	1776	bursements made by a covered organization 13
1777	1777	during a year, there shall be excluded the fol-14
1778	1778	lowing: 15
1779	1779	‘‘(I) Any amounts received by the cov-16
1780	1780	ered organization in the ordinary course of 17
1781	1781	any trade or business conducted by the 18
1782	1782	covered organization or in the form of in-19
1783	1783	vestments in the covered organization. 20
1784	1784	‘‘(II) Any amounts received by the 21
1785	1785	covered organization from a person who 22
1786	1786	prohibited, in writing, the organization 23
1787	1787	from using such amounts for campaign-re-24
1788	1788	lated disbursements, but only if the cov-25
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1790	1790	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 60
1791	1791	•HR 1118 IH
1792	1792	ered organization agreed to follow the pro-1
1793	1793	hibition and deposited the amounts in an 2
1794	1794	account which is segregated from a cam-3
1795	1795	paign-related disbursement segregated 4
1796	1796	fund (as defined in section 324) and any 5
1797	1797	other account used to make campaign-re-6
1798	1798	lated disbursements.’’. 7
1799	1799	(d) M
1800	1800	ODIFICATION OFADDITIONALREQUIREMENTS 8
1801	1801	FORCERTAINCOMMUNICATIONS.—Section 318(d) of the 9
1802	1802	Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 10
1803	1803	30120(d)) is amended— 11
1804	1804	(1) in paragraph (1)(A)— 12
1805	1805	(A) by striking ‘‘which is transmitted 13
1806	1806	through radio’’ and inserting ‘‘which is in an 14
1807	1807	audio format’’; and 15
1808	1808	(B) by striking ‘‘B
1809	1809	Y RADIO’’ in the heading 16
1810	1810	and inserting ‘‘A
1811	1811	UDIO FORMAT’’; 17
1812	1812	(2) in paragraph (1)(B)— 18
1813	1813	(A) by striking ‘‘which is transmitted 19
1814	1814	through television’’ and inserting ‘‘which is in 20
1815	1815	video format’’; and 21
1816	1816	(B) by striking ‘‘B
1817	1817	Y TELEVISION’’ in the 22
1818	1818	heading and inserting ‘‘V
1819	1819	IDEO FORMAT’’; and 23
1820	1820	(3) in paragraph (2)— 24
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1822	1822	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 61
1823	1823	•HR 1118 IH
1824	1824	(A) by striking ‘‘transmitted through radio 1
1825	1825	or television’’ and inserting ‘‘made in audio or 2
1826	1826	video format’’; and 3
1827	1827	(B) by striking ‘‘through television’’ in the 4
1828	1828	second sentence and inserting ‘‘in video for-5
1829	1829	mat’’. 6
1830	1830	SEC. 403. DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMUNICA-7
1831	1831	TIONS MADE THROUGH PRERECORDED TELE-8
1832	1832	PHONE CALLS. 9
1833	1833	(a) A
1834	1834	PPLICATION OFREQUIREMENTS.— 10
1835	1835	(1) I
1836	1836	N GENERAL.—Section 318(a) of the Fed-11
1837	1837	eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 12
1838	1838	30120(a)) is amended by striking ‘‘mailing’’ each 13
1839	1839	place it appears and inserting ‘‘mailing, telephone 14
1840	1840	call consisting in substantial part of a prerecorded 15
1841	1841	audio message’’. 16
1842	1842	(2) A
1843	1843	PPLICATION TO COMMUNICATIONS SUB -17
1844	1844	JECT TO EXPANDED DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS .— 18
1845	1845	Section 318(e)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 19
1846	1846	30120(e)(1)), as added by section 302(a), is amend-20
1847	1847	ed in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by 21
1848	1848	striking ‘‘which is transmitted in an audio or video 22
1849	1849	format’’ and inserting ‘‘which is transmitted in an 23
1850	1850	audio or video format or which consists of a tele-24
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1852	1852	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 62
1853	1853	•HR 1118 IH
1854	1854	phone call consisting in substantial part of a 1
1855	1855	prerecorded audio message’’. 2
1856	1856	(b) T
1857	1857	REATMENT ASCOMMUNICATION TRANSMITTED 3
1858	1858	INAUDIOFORMAT.— 4
1859	1859	(1) C
1860	1860	OMMUNICATIONS BY CANDIDATES OR AU -5
1861	1861	THORIZED PERSONS .—Section 318(d) of such Act 6
1862	1862	(52 U.S.C. 30120(d)) is amended by adding at the 7
1863	1863	end the following new paragraph: 8
1864	1864	‘‘(3) P
1865	1865	RERECORDED TELEPHONE CALLS .—Any 9
1866	1866	communication described in paragraph (1), (2), or 10
1867	1867	(3) of subsection (a) (other than a communication 11
1868	1868	which is subject to subsection (e)) which is a tele-12
1869	1869	phone call consisting in substantial part of a 13
1870	1870	prerecorded audio message shall include, in addition 14
1871	1871	to the requirements of such paragraph, the audio 15
1872	1872	statement required under subparagraph (A) of para-16
1873	1873	graph (1) or the audio statement required under 17
1874	1874	paragraph (2) (whichever is applicable), except that 18
1875	1875	the statement shall be made at the beginning of the 19
1876	1876	telephone call.’’. 20
1877	1877	(2) C
1878	1878	OMMUNICATIONS SUBJECT TO EXPANDED 21
1879	1879	DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS .—Section 318(e)(3) of 22
1880	1880	such Act (52 U.S.C. 30120(e)(3)), as added by sec-23
1881	1881	tion 302(a), is amended by adding at the end the 24
1882	1882	following new subparagraph: 25
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1884	1884	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 63
1885	1885	•HR 1118 IH
1886	1886	‘‘(D) PRERECORDED TELEPHONE 1
1887	1887	CALLS.—In the case of a communication to 2
1888	1888	which this subsection applies which is a tele-3
1889	1889	phone call consisting in substantial part of a 4
1890	1890	prerecorded audio message, the communication 5
1891	1891	shall be considered to be transmitted in an 6
1892	1892	audio format.’’. 7
1893	1893	SEC. 404. NO EXPANSION OF PERSONS SUBJECT TO DIS-8
1894	1894	CLAIMER REQUIREMENTS ON INTERNET 9
1895	1895	COMMUNICATIONS. 10
1896	1896	Nothing in this title or the amendments made by this 11
1897	1897	title may be construed to require any person who is not 12
1898	1898	required under section 318 of the Federal Election Cam-13
1899	1899	paign Act of 1971 to include a disclaimer on communica-14
1900	1900	tions made by the person through the internet to include 15
1901	1901	any disclaimer on any such communications. 16
1902	1902	SEC. 405. EFFECTIVE DATE. 17
1903	1903	The amendments made by this title shall apply with 18
1904	1904	respect to communications made on or after January 1, 19
1905	1905	2024, and shall take effect without regard to whether or 20
1906	1906	not the Federal Election Commission has promulgated 21
1907	1907	regulations to carry out such amendments. 22
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1909	1909	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 64
1910	1910	•HR 1118 IH
1911	1911	TITLE V—SEVERABILITY 1
1912	1912	SEC. 501. SEVERABILITY. 2
1913	1913	If any provision of this Act or amendment made by 3
1914	1914	this Act, or the application of a provision or amendment 4
1915	1915	to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitu-5
1916	1916	tional, the remainder of this Act and amendments made 6
1917	1917	by this Act, and the application of the provisions and 7
1918	1918	amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be 8
1919	1919	affected by the holding. 9
1920	1920	Æ
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1922	1922	kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS