I
118THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION H. R. 5060
To amend the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 to provide
for greater spousal protection under defined contribution plans, and
for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JULY27, 2023
Ms. U
NDERWOOD (for herself, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. NORCROSS, and Ms.
B
ONAMICI) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Education and the Workforce, and in addition to the Commit-
tees on Financial Services, and Ways and Means, for a period to be sub-
sequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of
such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
A BILL
To amend the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
of 1974 to provide for greater spousal protection under
defined contribution plans, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Women’s Retirement 4
Protection Act’’. 5
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 6
Congress finds the following: 7
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(1) Approximately 25 percent of non-retired 1
adults have no defined benefit plan or retirement 2
savings, according to 2021 data from the Board of 3
Governors of the Federal Reserve System. 4
(2) In 2021, approximately one-third of the pri-5
vate sector workforce did not have access to a retire-6
ment plan at the workplace, and only half of the 7
workforce actually participated in a retirement plan. 8
(3) Women’s retirement preparedness often lags 9
significantly behind their male counterparts’, result-10
ing in the median income for women aged 65 and 11
older in 2022 being just 83 percent of the median 12
income of men aged 65 and older, including income 13
from social security, pension plans, investments, and 14
earnings. 15
(4) Women aged 80 and older had the highest 16
poverty rate among older persons in all age groups, 17
with 14.7 percent of women aged 80 and older living 18
in poverty while 10.3 percent of men in the same 19
age group live in poverty. 20
(5) Women make up two-thirds of low-wage 21
workers, even though they comprise less than half of 22
all workers, and low-wage workers are less likely 23
than other workers to participate in a retirement 24
plan at work. 25
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(6) Because of the pay gap, women working 1
full-time, year-round typically lose $398,160 over a 2
40-year career thereby requiring the average woman 3
to work almost a decade longer than her male coun-4
terpart to make up that career wage gap. 5
(7) Due to the lower lifetime wages stemming 6
from unequal pay and caregiving duties, the average 7
Social Security benefit in 2021 for a woman was 8
$1,484 a month, while for men such average month-9
ly benefit was $1,838. 10
(8) While the SECURE 2.0 Act of 2022 (Pub-11
lic Law 117–328) will go a long way to address this 12
coverage gap, just 1 in 5 part-time workers who 13
work a full year are eligible for a retirement plan, 14
and women are almost twice as likely to work part- 15
time as men. 16
(9) While traditional defined benefit retirement 17
plans have spousal protections, defined contribution 18
retirement plans, which have become increasingly 19
common, currently provide no similar spousal protec-20
tions. 21
(10) The Thrift Savings Plan of the Federal 22
Government, the largest defined contribution plan in 23
the world with approximately 6,500,000 partici-24
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pants, requires its married participants to have their 1
spouses consent for withdrawals and loans. 2
(11) There were almost 700,000 divorces in the 3
United States between 2020 and 2021. After the 4
family home, retirement savings tends to be the larg-5
est asset to be divided in a divorce. 6
(12) While fees and expenses associated with 7
retirement plans have been in decline, participants 8
have seen direct charges for processing qualified do-9
mestic relations orders increase significantly. 10
SEC. 3. INCREASING SPOUSAL PROTECTION UNDER DE-11
FINED CONTRIBUTION PLANS. 12
(a) A
MENDMENT OF EMPLOYEERETIREMENTIN-13
COMESECURITYACT OF1974.— 14
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Part 2 of subtitle B of title 15
I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act 16
of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1051 et seq.) is amended by in-17
serting after section 205 the following new section: 18
‘‘SEC. 205A. ADDITIONAL SPOUSAL CONSENT REQUIRE-19
MENTS. 20
‘‘(a) I
NGENERAL.—Each individual account plan to 21
which section 205 does not apply shall provide that, except 22
as provided in subsections (c) and (d), no distribution may 23
be made under the plan unless the spousal consent re-24
quirements of subsection (e) are met. 25
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‘‘(b) COORDINATIONWITHSECTION205.—Nothing 1
in this section shall be construed to exempt an individual 2
account plan from the requirements of paragraph (1)(B), 3
(1)(C), or (2) of section 205(b) with respect to any partici-4
pant. 5
‘‘(c) E
XCEPTIONS FOR CERTAINDISTRIBUTIONS.— 6
Subsection (a) shall not apply to— 7
‘‘(1) any distribution that is— 8
‘‘(A) a minimum required distribution de-9
scribed in section 4974(b) of the Internal Rev-10
enue Code of 1986; 11
‘‘(B) permitted under section 203(e)(1) to 12
be made without the consent of the participant; 13
or 14
‘‘(C) in an amount that is less than 25 15
percent of the account balance; 16
‘‘(2) any distribution in the form of a qualified 17
joint and survivor annuity (as defined in section 18
205(d)(1)), a qualified optional survivor annuity (as 19
defined in section 205(d)(2)), a qualified preretire-20
ment survivor annuity (as defined in section 205(e)), 21
or a series of substantially equal periodic payments 22
(not less frequently than annually) made for the 23
joint lives (or life expectancies) of the participant 24
and the participant’s spouse; or 25
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‘‘(3) in the case of a participant who does not 1
elect a form of benefit described in paragraph (2) 2
under the plan or who is participating in a plan that 3
does not provide such a form of benefit, any dis-4
tribution of the participant’s entire nonforfeitable 5
accrued benefit if 50 percent of such accrued benefit 6
is transferred to an individual retirement plan (as 7
defined in section 7701(a)(37) of the Internal Rev-8
enue Code of 1986) of the spouse of the participant. 9
A transfer described in paragraph (3) to an individual re-10
tirement plan shall be treated in the same manner as a 11
transfer under section 408(d)(6) of the Internal Revenue 12
Code of 1986. 13
‘‘(d) E
XCEPTIONS FOR CERTAINROLLOVERCON-14
TRIBUTIONS.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to any dis-15
tribution, involving a participant who has a spouse, that 16
is an eligible rollover distribution (as defined in section 17
402(f)(2)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) made 18
in the form of a direct trustee-to-trustee transfer within 19
the meaning of section 401(a)(31) of the Internal Revenue 20
Code of 1986— 21
‘‘(1) to a plan to which this section or section 22
205 applies; or 23
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‘‘(2) to an individual retirement plan (as de-1
fined in section 7701(a)(37) of the Internal Revenue 2
Code of 1986) if— 3
‘‘(A) the beneficiary of such plan is the 4
spouse of the participant, or the spousal con-5
sent requirements of subsection (e) are met 6
with respect to any designation of 1 or more 7
other beneficiaries; and 8
‘‘(B) under the terms of the individual re-9
tirement plan, the beneficiary of such plan 10
(whether the spouse or other beneficiary des-11
ignated under paragraph (1)) may not be 12
changed unless— 13
‘‘(i) the spousal consent requirements 14
of subsection (e) are met with respect to 15
any such change, or 16
‘‘(ii) the spousal consent under sub-17
paragraph (A) to the designation of a ben-18
eficiary other than the spouse expressly 19
permits such designation to be changed 20
without the further consent of the spouse. 21
‘‘(e) S
POUSALCONSENTREQUIREMENTS.— 22
‘‘(1) I
N GENERAL.—For purposes of this sec-23
tion, except as provided in paragraph (2), the spous-24
al consent requirements of this subsection are met 25
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with respect to any distribution or any designation 1
or change of beneficiary if— 2
‘‘(A) the plan provides to each participant, 3
within a reasonable period of time before such 4
distribution or designation or change of bene-5
ficiary is made and consistent with such regula-6
tions as the Secretary of the Treasury may pre-7
scribe, a written explanation of the rights of the 8
participant and the participant’s spouse under 9
this section; 10
‘‘(B) the spouse of the participant consents 11
in writing to the distribution or designation or 12
change of beneficiary; 13
‘‘(C) in the case of a distribution, the writ-14
ten consent under subparagraph (B) is made 15
during the consent period; and 16
‘‘(D) the written consent under subpara-17
graph (B)— 18
‘‘(i) acknowledges the effect of such 19
distribution or designation or change of 20
beneficiary; and 21
‘‘(ii) is witnessed by a plan represent-22
ative or a notary public. 23
‘‘(2) E
XCEPTIONS UNDER SECTION 205(C)(2)(B) 24
TO APPLY.—The requirements of paragraph (1) 25
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(other than subparagraph (A) thereof) shall not 1
apply with respect to any distribution or designation 2
or change of beneficiary if a participant establishes 3
to the satisfaction of the plan administrator that— 4
‘‘(A) there is no spouse; 5
‘‘(B) the participant and the participant’s 6
spouse have not been married for at least 1 7
year as of the date of the distribution or des-8
ignation or change of beneficiary; or 9
‘‘(C) such consent cannot be obtained be-10
cause— 11
‘‘(i) the spouse cannot be located; or 12
‘‘(ii) of such other circumstances as 13
the Secretary of the Treasury, in consulta-14
tion with the Secretary of Labor, may by 15
regulations prescribe. 16
‘‘(3) C
ONSENT LIMITED TO SPOUSE AND 17
EVENT.—Any written consent by a spouse under 18
paragraph (1), or the establishment by a participant 19
that an exception under paragraph (2) applies with 20
respect to a spouse, shall be effective only with re-21
spect to that spouse and to the distribution or des-22
ignation or change of beneficiary to which it relates. 23
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‘‘(4) CONSENT PERIOD.—For purposes of this 1
subsection, the term ‘consent period’ means, with re-2
spect to any distribution— 3
‘‘(A) the 90-day period immediately pre-4
ceding the date of such distribution; or 5
‘‘(B) such other period as the Secretary of 6
the Treasury may provide. 7
‘‘(f) D
ISCHARGE OFPLANFROMLIABILITY.—Rules 8
similar to the rules of section 205(c)(6) shall apply for 9
purposes of this section.’’. 10
(2) C
LERICAL AMENDMENT .—The table of sec-11
tions of part 2 of subtitle B of title I of the Em-12
ployee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 is 13
amended by inserting after the item relating to sec-14
tion 205 the following new item: 15
‘‘Sec. 205A. Additional spousal consent requirements.’’.
(3) RIGHT OF ACTION.—Section 502(a) of the 16
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 17
(29 U.S.C. 1132) is amended— 18
(A) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end of para-19
graph (10); 20
(B) by striking the period at the end of 21
paragraph (11) and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 22
(C) by adding at the end the following new 23
paragraph: 24
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‘‘(12) by an individual for appropriate relief in 1
the case of a violation of the individual’s rights 2
under section 205A.’’. 3
(4) P
ARALLEL AMENDMENT TO SECTION 205 .— 4
Section 205(c)(2)(B) of the Employee Retirement 5
Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 6
1055(c)(2)(B)) is amended by inserting ‘‘, because 7
due to exceptional circumstances requiring the par-8
ticipant to seek the spouse’s consent would be inap-9
propriate’’ after ‘‘located’’. 10
(b) C
ONFORMINGAMENDMENT TO INTERNALREV-11
ENUECODE OF1986.—Section 401(a) of the Internal 12
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after para-13
graph (17) the following new paragraph: 14
‘‘(18) A
DDITIONAL SPOUSAL CONSENT RE -15
QUIREMENTS.— 16
‘‘(A) I
N GENERAL.—In the case of a de-17
fined contribution plan to which paragraph (11) 18
does not apply, except as provided in sub-19
sections (c) and (d), a trust forming part of 20
such plan shall not constitute a qualified trust 21
under this section unless no distribution may be 22
made under the plan unless the spousal consent 23
requirements of subparagraph (E) are met. 24
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‘‘(B) COORDINATION WITH PARAGRAPH 1
(11).—Nothing in this paragraph shall be con-2
strued to exempt a defined contribution plan 3
from the requirements of subparagraph (B)(ii), 4
(B)(iii), or (C) of paragraph (11) with respect 5
to any participant. 6
‘‘(C) E
XCEPTIONS FOR CERTAIN DISTRIBU -7
TIONS.—Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to— 8
‘‘(i) any distribution that is— 9
‘‘(I) a minimum required dis-10
tribution described in section 4974(b), 11
‘‘(II) permitted under section 12
411(a)(11) to be made without the 13
consent of the participant, or 14
‘‘(III) in an amount that is less 15
than 25 percent of the account bal-16
ance, 17
‘‘(ii) any distribution in the form of a 18
qualified joint and survivor annuity (as de-19
fined in section 417(b)), a qualified op-20
tional survivor annuity (as defined in sec-21
tion 417(g)), a qualified preretirement sur-22
vivor annuity (as defined in section 23
417(c)), or a series of substantially equal 24
periodic payments (not less frequently than 25
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annually) made for the joint lives (or life 1
expectancies) of the participant and the 2
participant’s spouse, or 3
‘‘(iii) in the case of a participant who 4
does not elect a form of benefit described 5
in clause (ii) under the plan or who is par-6
ticipating in a plan that does not provide 7
such a form of benefit, any distribution of 8
the participant’s entire nonforfeitable ac-9
crued benefit if 50 percent of such accrued 10
benefit is transferred to an individual re-11
tirement plan of the spouse of the partici-12
pant. 13
A transfer described in clause (iii) to an indi-14
vidual retirement plan shall be treated in the 15
same manner as a transfer under section 16
408(d)(6). 17
‘‘(D) E
XCEPTIONS FOR CERTAIN ROLL -18
OVER CONTRIBUTIONS .—Subparagraph (A) 19
shall not apply to any distribution, involving a 20
participant who has a spouse, that is an eligible 21
rollover distribution (as defined in section 22
402(f)(2)(A)) made in the form of a direct 23
trustee-to-trustee transfer within the meaning 24
of paragraph (31)— 25
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‘‘(i) to a plan to which this paragraph 1
or paragraph (11) applies; or 2
‘‘(ii) to an individual retirement plan 3
if— 4
‘‘(I) the beneficiary of such plan 5
is the spouse of the participant, or the 6
spousal consent requirements of sub-7
paragraph (E) are met with respect to 8
any designation of 1 or more other 9
beneficiaries; and 10
‘‘(II) under the terms of the indi-11
vidual retirement plan, the beneficiary 12
of such plan (whether the spouse or 13
other beneficiary designated under 14
clause (i)) may not be changed un-15
less— 16
‘‘(aa) the spousal consent 17
requirements of subparagraph 18
(E) are met with respect to any 19
such change, or 20
‘‘(bb) the spousal consent 21
under subclause (I) to the des-22
ignation of a beneficiary other 23
than the spouse expressly permits 24
such designation to be changed 25
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without the further consent of 1
the spouse. 2
‘‘(E) S
POUSAL CONSENT REQUIRE -3
MENTS.— 4
‘‘(i) I
N GENERAL.—For purposes of 5
this paragraph, except as provided in 6
clause (ii), the spousal consent require-7
ments of this subparagraph are met with 8
respect to any distribution or any designa-9
tion or change of beneficiary if— 10
‘‘(I) the plan provides to each 11
participant, within a reasonable period 12
of time before such distribution or 13
designation or change of beneficiary is 14
made and consistent with such regula-15
tions as the Secretary may prescribe, 16
a written explanation of the rights of 17
the participant and the participant’s 18
spouse under this paragraph, 19
‘‘(II) the spouse of the partici-20
pant consents in writing to the dis-21
tribution or designation or change of 22
beneficiary, 23
‘‘(III) in the case of a distribu-24
tion, the written consent under sub-25
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clause (II) is made during the consent 1
period, and 2
‘‘(IV) the written consent under 3
subclause (ii)— 4
‘‘(aa) acknowledges the ef-5
fect of such distribution or des-6
ignation or change of beneficiary, 7
and 8
‘‘(bb) is witnessed by a plan 9
representative or a notary public. 10
‘‘(ii) E
XCEPTIONS UNDER SECTION 11
417(A)(2)(B) TO APPLY.—The requirements 12
of clause (i) (other than subclause (I) 13
thereof) shall not apply with respect to any 14
distribution or designation or change of 15
beneficiary if a participant establishes to 16
the satisfaction of the plan administrator 17
that— 18
‘‘(I) there is no spouse, 19
‘‘(II) the participant and the par-20
ticipant’s spouse have not been mar-21
ried for at least 1 year as of the date 22
of the distribution or designation or 23
change of beneficiary, or 24
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‘‘(III) such consent cannot be ob-1
tained because— 2
‘‘(aa) the spouse cannot be 3
located, or 4
‘‘(bb) of such other cir-5
cumstances as the Secretary, in 6
consultation with the Secretary 7
of Labor, may by regulations pre-8
scribe. 9
‘‘(iii) C
ONSENT LIMITED TO SPOUSE 10
AND EVENT.—Any written consent by a 11
spouse under clause (i), or the establish-12
ment by a participant that an exception 13
under clause (ii) applies with respect to a 14
spouse, shall be effective only with respect 15
to that spouse and to the distribution or 16
designation or change of beneficiary to 17
which it relates. 18
‘‘(iv) C
ONSENT PERIOD .—For pur-19
poses of this subparagraph, the term ‘con-20
sent period’ means, with respect to any 21
distribution— 22
‘‘(I) the 90-day period imme-23
diately preceding the date of such dis-24
tribution, or 25
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‘‘(II) such other period as the 1
Secretary may provide.’’. 2
SEC. 4. EFFECTIVE DATES. 3
(a) I
NCREASINGSPOUSALPROTECTIONUNDERDE-4
FINEDCONTRIBUTIONPLANS.—Except as provided in 5
subsection (b), the amendments made by section 3 shall 6
apply to distributions and rollover contributions made in 7
plan years beginning after the date that is 1 year after 8
the date of the enactment of this Act. 9
(b) P
ROVISIONSRELATING TO PLANAMEND-10
MENTS.— 11
(1) I
N GENERAL.—If this paragraph applies to 12
any plan or contract amendment, such plan or con-13
tract shall be treated as being operated in accord-14
ance with the terms of the plan during the period 15
described in paragraph (2)(C). 16
(2) A
MENDMENTS TO WHICH PARAGRAPH (1) 17
APPLIES.— 18
(A) I
N GENERAL.—Paragraph (1) shall 19
apply to any amendment to any plan or annuity 20
contract which is made— 21
(i) pursuant to the amendments made 22
by section 3 or pursuant to any regulation 23
issued under either such section; and 24
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(ii) on or before the last day of the 1
first plan year beginning on or after the 2
date that is 3 years after the applicable 3
day described in subsection (c)(1)(B). 4
In the case of a governmental plan (as defined 5
in section 414(d) of the Internal Revenue Code 6
of 1986), this subparagraph shall be applied by 7
substituting ‘‘5 years’’ for ‘‘3 years’’ in clause 8
(ii). 9
(B) C
ONDITIONS.—Subparagraph (A) shall 10
not apply to any amendment unless— 11
(i) the plan or contract is operated as 12
if such plan or contract amendment were 13
in effect for the period described in sub-14
paragraph (C); and 15
(ii) such plan or contract amendment 16
applies retroactively for such period. 17
(C) P
ERIOD DESCRIBED.—The period de-18
scribed in this subparagraph is the period— 19
(i) beginning on the effective date 20
specified by the plan; and 21
(ii) ending on the date described in 22
subparagraph (A)(ii) (or, if earlier, the 23
date the plan or contract amendment is 24
adopted). 25
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SEC. 5. ACCESS TO INDEPENDENT CONSUMER INFORMA-1
TION AND UNDERSTANDING. 2
(a) D
EFINITIONS.—In this section— 3
(1) the term ‘‘consumer’’ means any person 4
who purchases or acquires any goods, products, serv-5
ices, or credit related to the retirement or later life 6
economic security of the consumer; and 7
(2) the term ‘‘financial product or service pro-8
vider’’ means any person who engages in the busi-9
ness of providing any retirement financial product or 10
service to any consumer. 11
(b) R
EQUIREDLINK TOCONSUMERAWARENESSIN-12
FORMATION.—In any offer for the sale, exchange, or other 13
transfer of a retirement financial product or service to a 14
consumer carried out by a financial product or service pro-15
vider, such provider shall provide, in a manner consistent 16
with subsection (c), an easily accessible link to the website 17
of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (referred 18
to in this section as the ‘‘CFPB’’) at which the consumer 19
may access information, literature, guides, programs, 20
tools, strategies, or any other resource produced by the 21
CFPB or other Federal agency relating to retirement 22
planning or later life economic security. 23
(c) D
ETERMINATION.—In order to ensure that the re-24
quirement under subsection (b) is effectively carried out, 25
the Financial Literacy and Education Commission shall 26
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determine and publish on its website the appropriate link 1
to the CFPB’s website for access to the CFPB’s and other 2
Federal agencies’ consumer education materials, the pre-3
ferred format of such link, and any accompanying descrip-4
tion of the CFPB and the consumer education materials 5
associated with such link. 6
SEC. 6. GRANTS TO PROMOTE FINANCIAL LITERACY FOR 7
WOMEN. 8
(a) A
UTHORIZATION OF GRANTAWARDS.—The Sec-9
retary of Labor, acting through the Director of the Wom-10
en’s Bureau, shall award grants on a competitive basis to 11
eligible entities to enable such entities to improve the fi-12
nancial literacy of women who are working age or in re-13
tirement, to increase the likelihood of the women realizing 14
a secure and stable retirement. 15
(b) D
EFINITION OFELIGIBLEENTITY.—In this sec-16
tion, the term ‘‘eligible entity’’ means a community-based 17
organization with proven experience and expertise in serv-18
ing working-age or retired women. 19
(c) A
PPLICATION.—An eligible entity that desires to 20
receive a grant under this section shall submit an applica-21
tion to the Secretary of Labor at such time, in such man-22
ner, and accompanied by such information as such Sec-23
retary may require. 24
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•HR 5060 IH
(d) MINIMUMGRANTAMOUNT.—The Secretary of 1
Labor shall award grants under this section in amounts 2
of not less than $250,000. 3
(e) U
SE OFFUNDS.—An eligible entity that receives 4
a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to 5
develop and implement financial literacy education, and 6
related activities including outreach, awareness building, 7
and counseling to increase women’s knowledge of retire-8
ment planning and consumer, economic, and personal fi-9
nancial concepts. 10
(f) A
UTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 11
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 12
$100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024 and each succeeding 13
fiscal year. 14
SEC. 7. GRANTS TO ASSIST LOW-INCOME WOMEN AND SUR-15
VIVORS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN OBTAIN-16
ING QUALIFIED DOMESTIC RELATIONS OR-17
DERS. 18
(a) A
UTHORIZATION OF GRANTAWARDS.—The Sec-19
retary of Labor, acting through the Director of the Wom-20
en’s Bureau and in conjunction with the Assistant Sec-21
retary of the Employee Benefits Security Administration, 22
shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible enti-23
ties to enable such entities to assist low-income women 24
and survivors of domestic violence in obtaining qualified 25
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•HR 5060 IH
domestic relations orders and ensuring that those women 1
actually obtain the benefits to which they are entitled 2
through those orders. 3
(b) D
EFINITION OFELIGIBLEENTITY.—In this sec-4
tion, the term ‘‘eligible entity’’ means a community-based 5
organization with proven experience and expertise in serv-6
ing women and the financial and retirement needs of 7
women. 8
(c) A
PPLICATION.—An eligible entity that desires to 9
receive a grant under this section shall submit an applica-10
tion to the Secretary of Labor at such time, in such man-11
ner, and accompanied by such information as the Sec-12
retary of Labor may require. 13
(d) M
INIMUMGRANTAMOUNT.—The Secretary of 14
Labor shall award grants under this section in amounts 15
of not less than $250,000. 16
(e) U
SE OFFUNDS.—An eligible entity that receives 17
a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to 18
develop programs to offer help to low-income women or 19
survivors of domestic violence who need assistance in pre-20
paring, obtaining, and effectuating a qualified domestic re-21
lations order. 22
(f) A
UTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 23
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 24
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$100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024 and each succeeding 1
fiscal year. 2
Æ
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