| 1 | 1 | | I |
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| 2 | 2 | | 118THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION H. R. 57 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To regulate or prohibit transactions using mobile applications or software |
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| 6 | 6 | | programs that engage in the theft of user data on behalf of a communist |
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| 7 | 7 | | country, foreign adversary, or state sponsor of terrorism, and for other |
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| 8 | 8 | | purposes. |
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| 9 | 9 | | IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
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| 10 | 10 | | JANUARY9, 2023 |
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| 11 | 11 | | Mr. B |
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| 12 | 12 | | ERGMANintroduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com- |
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| 13 | 13 | | mittee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on the Judi- |
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| 14 | 14 | | ciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each |
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| 15 | 15 | | case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of |
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| 16 | 16 | | the committee concerned |
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| 17 | 17 | | A BILL |
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| 18 | 18 | | To regulate or prohibit transactions using mobile applications |
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| 19 | 19 | | or software programs that engage in the theft of user |
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| 20 | 20 | | data on behalf of a communist country, foreign adver- |
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| 21 | 21 | | sary, or state sponsor of terrorism, and for other pur- |
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| 22 | 22 | | poses. |
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| 23 | 23 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 24 | 24 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 25 | 25 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 26 | 26 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Protecting Personal 4 |
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| 27 | 27 | | Data from Foreign Adversaries Act’’. 5 |
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| 29 | 29 | | kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 2 |
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| 30 | 30 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 31 | 31 | | SEC. 2. AUTHORITIES TO REGULATE OR PROHIBIT TRANS-1 |
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| 32 | 32 | | ACTIONS USING MOBILE APPLICATIONS OR 2 |
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| 33 | 33 | | SOFTWARE PROGRAMS THAT ENGAGE IN THE 3 |
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| 34 | 34 | | THEFT OF USER DATA ON BEHALF OF A COM-4 |
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| 35 | 35 | | MUNIST COUNTRY, FOREIGN ADVERSARY, OR 5 |
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| 36 | 36 | | STATE SPONSOR OF TERRORISM. 6 |
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| 37 | 37 | | Section 203 of the International Emergency Eco-7 |
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| 38 | 38 | | nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702) is amended— 8 |
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| 39 | 39 | | (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub-9 |
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| 40 | 40 | | section (d); and 10 |
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| 41 | 41 | | (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol-11 |
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| 42 | 42 | | lowing new subsection: 12 |
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| 43 | 43 | | ‘‘(c)(1) Notwithstanding subsection (b), the authority 13 |
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| 44 | 44 | | granted to the President by this section includes the au-14 |
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| 45 | 45 | | thority to regulate or prohibit transactions using mobile 15 |
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| 46 | 46 | | applications or software programs that— 16 |
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| 47 | 47 | | ‘‘(A) engage in the theft of or transmits a 17 |
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| 48 | 48 | | user’s data in an unauthorized manner; and 18 |
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| 49 | 49 | | ‘‘(B) provide to a covered country, or covered 19 |
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| 50 | 50 | | foreign political party, access to such data. 20 |
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| 51 | 51 | | ‘‘(2) In this subsection, the term ‘covered country’ 21 |
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| 52 | 52 | | means any of the following: 22 |
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| 53 | 53 | | ‘‘(A) A Communist country. 23 |
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| 54 | 54 | | ‘‘(B) A foreign adversary. 24 |
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| 55 | 55 | | ‘‘(C) A state sponsor of terrorism. 25 |
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| 56 | 56 | | ‘‘(3) In this subsection: 26 |
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| 59 | 59 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 60 | 60 | | ‘‘(A) The term ‘communist country’ has the 1 |
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| 61 | 61 | | meaning given such term in section 620(f)(1) of the 2 |
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| 62 | 62 | | Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 3 |
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| 63 | 63 | | 2370(f)(1)). 4 |
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| 64 | 64 | | ‘‘(B) The term ‘foreign adversary’ has the 5 |
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| 65 | 65 | | meaning given such term in Executive Order 13920, 6 |
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| 66 | 66 | | issued on May 1, 2020, entitled ‘Securing the 7 |
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| 67 | 67 | | United States BulkPower System’, and including the 8 |
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| 68 | 68 | | list of foreign adversaries identified by the Depart-9 |
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| 69 | 69 | | ment of Energy’s Office of Electricity pursuant to 10 |
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| 70 | 70 | | such Executive Order on July 7, 2020, as in effect 11 |
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| 71 | 71 | | on January 19, 2021. 12 |
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| 72 | 72 | | ‘‘(C) The term ‘state sponsor of terrorism’ 13 |
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| 73 | 73 | | means a country the government of which the Sec-14 |
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| 74 | 74 | | retary of State determines has repeatedly provided 15 |
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| 75 | 75 | | support for international terrorism pursuant to— 16 |
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| 76 | 76 | | ‘‘(i) section 1754(c)(1)(A) of the Export 17 |
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| 77 | 77 | | Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 18 |
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| 78 | 78 | | 4813(c)(1)(A)); 19 |
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| 79 | 79 | | ‘‘(ii) section 620A of the Foreign Assist-20 |
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| 80 | 80 | | ance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371); 21 |
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| 81 | 81 | | ‘‘(iii) section 40 of the Arms Export Con-22 |
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| 82 | 82 | | trol Act (22 U.S.C. 2780); or 23 |
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| 83 | 83 | | ‘‘(iv) any other provision of law. 24 |
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| 86 | 86 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 87 | 87 | | ‘‘(4) In this subsection, the term ‘covered for-1 |
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| 88 | 88 | | eign political party’ means the Chinese Communist 2 |
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| 89 | 89 | | Party (CCP).’’. 3 |
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| 90 | 90 | | SEC. 3. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO MO-4 |
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| 91 | 91 | | BILE APPLICATIONS OR SOFTWARE PRO-5 |
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| 92 | 92 | | GRAMS THAT ENGAGE IN THE THEFT OF 6 |
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| 93 | 93 | | USER DATA. 7 |
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| 94 | 94 | | (a) I |
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| 95 | 95 | | MPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—Notwithstanding 8 |
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| 96 | 96 | | any other provision of law, the President is authorized to 9 |
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| 97 | 97 | | impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with re-10 |
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| 98 | 98 | | spect to any foreign person that the President determines 11 |
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| 99 | 99 | | has developed, maintains, provides, owns, or controls a 12 |
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| 100 | 100 | | mobile application or software program that— 13 |
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| 101 | 101 | | (1) engages in the theft of or transmits a user’s 14 |
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| 102 | 102 | | data in an unauthorized manner to servers located 15 |
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| 103 | 103 | | in China; and 16 |
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| 104 | 104 | | (2) provides to the Government of the People’s 17 |
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| 105 | 105 | | Republic of China (PRC), the Chinese Communist 18 |
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| 106 | 106 | | Party (CCP), or any person owned by or controlled 19 |
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| 107 | 107 | | by the PRC or CCP access to such data. 20 |
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| 108 | 108 | | (b) S |
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| 109 | 109 | | ANCTIONSDESCRIBED.— 21 |
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| 110 | 110 | | (1) I |
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| 111 | 111 | | N GENERAL.—The sanctions described in 22 |
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| 112 | 112 | | this subsection with respect to a foreign person de-23 |
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| 113 | 113 | | termined by the President to be subject to sub-24 |
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| 114 | 114 | | section (a) are the following: 25 |
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| 117 | 117 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 118 | 118 | | (A) ASSET BLOCKING .—The President 1 |
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| 119 | 119 | | shall exercise all powers granted to the Presi-2 |
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| 120 | 120 | | dent by the International Emergency Economic 3 |
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| 121 | 121 | | Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the ex-4 |
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| 122 | 122 | | tent necessary to block and prohibit all trans-5 |
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| 123 | 123 | | actions in property and interests in property of 6 |
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| 124 | 124 | | the foreign person if such property and inter-7 |
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| 125 | 125 | | ests in property are in the United States, come 8 |
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| 126 | 126 | | within the United States, or are or come within 9 |
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| 127 | 127 | | the possession or control of a United States 10 |
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| 128 | 128 | | person. 11 |
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| 129 | 129 | | (B) I |
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| 130 | 130 | | NADMISSIBILITY OF CERTAIN INDI -12 |
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| 131 | 131 | | VIDUALS.— 13 |
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| 132 | 132 | | (i) I |
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| 133 | 133 | | NELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMIS-14 |
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| 134 | 134 | | SION, OR PAROLE.—In the case of a for-15 |
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| 135 | 135 | | eign person who is an individual, the for-16 |
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| 136 | 136 | | eign person is— 17 |
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| 137 | 137 | | (I) inadmissible to the United 18 |
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| 138 | 138 | | States; 19 |
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| 139 | 139 | | (II) ineligible to receive a visa or 20 |
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| 140 | 140 | | other documentation to enter the 21 |
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| 141 | 141 | | United States; and 22 |
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| 142 | 142 | | (III) otherwise ineligible to be 23 |
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| 143 | 143 | | admitted or paroled into the United 24 |
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| 144 | 144 | | States or to receive any other benefit 25 |
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| 147 | 147 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 148 | 148 | | under the Immigration and Nation-1 |
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| 149 | 149 | | ality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). 2 |
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| 150 | 150 | | (ii) C |
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| 151 | 151 | | URRENT VISAS REVOKED .— 3 |
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| 152 | 152 | | (I) I |
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| 153 | 153 | | N GENERAL.—In the case of 4 |
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| 154 | 154 | | a foreign person who is an individual, 5 |
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| 155 | 155 | | the visa or other documentation 6 |
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| 156 | 156 | | issued to the person shall be revoked, 7 |
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| 157 | 157 | | regardless of when such visa or other 8 |
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| 158 | 158 | | documentation is or was issued. 9 |
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| 159 | 159 | | (II) E |
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| 160 | 160 | | FFECT OF REVOCATION .— 10 |
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| 161 | 161 | | A revocation under subclause (I) 11 |
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| 162 | 162 | | shall— 12 |
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| 163 | 163 | | (aa) take effect immediately; 13 |
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| 164 | 164 | | and 14 |
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| 165 | 165 | | (bb) automatically cancel 15 |
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| 166 | 166 | | any other valid visa or entry doc-16 |
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| 167 | 167 | | umentation that is in the per-17 |
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| 168 | 168 | | son’s possession. 18 |
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| 169 | 169 | | (2) P |
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| 170 | 170 | | ENALTIES.—The penalties provided for in 19 |
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| 171 | 171 | | subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the Inter-20 |
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| 172 | 172 | | national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 21 |
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| 173 | 173 | | U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to a person that violates, 22 |
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| 174 | 174 | | attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 23 |
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| 175 | 175 | | violation of regulations to implement this section to 24 |
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| 176 | 176 | | the same extent that such penalties apply to a per-25 |
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| 179 | 179 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 180 | 180 | | son that commits an unlawful act described in sec-1 |
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| 181 | 181 | | tion 206(a) of such Act. 2 |
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| 182 | 182 | | (3) E |
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| 183 | 183 | | XCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH UNITED NA -3 |
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| 184 | 184 | | TIONS HEADQUARTERS AGREEMENT .—Sanctions 4 |
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| 185 | 185 | | under paragraph (1)(B) shall not apply to a foreign 5 |
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| 186 | 186 | | person who is an individual if admitting the person 6 |
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| 187 | 187 | | into the United States is necessary to permit the 7 |
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| 188 | 188 | | United States to comply with the Agreement regard-8 |
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| 189 | 189 | | ing the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed 9 |
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| 190 | 190 | | at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into 10 |
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| 191 | 191 | | force November 21, 1947, between the United Na-11 |
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| 192 | 192 | | tions and the United States, or other applicable 12 |
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| 193 | 193 | | international obligations. 13 |
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| 194 | 194 | | (c) W |
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| 195 | 195 | | AIVER.—The President may, on a case-by-case 14 |
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| 196 | 196 | | basis and for periods not to exceed 180 days, waive the 15 |
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| 197 | 197 | | application of sanctions imposed with respect to a foreign 16 |
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| 198 | 198 | | person under this section if the President certifies to the 17 |
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| 199 | 199 | | appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 18 |
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| 200 | 200 | | days before such waiver is to take effect that the waiver 19 |
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| 201 | 201 | | is vital to the national security interests of the United 20 |
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| 202 | 202 | | States. 21 |
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| 203 | 203 | | (d) I |
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| 204 | 204 | | MPLEMENTATION AUTHORITY.—The President 22 |
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| 205 | 205 | | may exercise all authorities provided to the President 23 |
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| 206 | 206 | | under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emer-24 |
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| 207 | 207 | | gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) 25 |
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| 210 | 210 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 211 | 211 | | for purposes of carrying out this section. The exceptions 1 |
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| 212 | 212 | | to the President’s authority described in section 203(b) 2 |
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| 213 | 213 | | of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, as 3 |
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| 214 | 214 | | amended by section 1, shall not apply to the President’s 4 |
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| 215 | 215 | | authority to exercise authorities under this section. 5 |
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| 216 | 216 | | (e) S |
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| 217 | 217 | | UNSET.— 6 |
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| 218 | 218 | | (1) I |
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| 219 | 219 | | N GENERAL.—This section shall terminate 7 |
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| 220 | 220 | | on January 1, 2026. 8 |
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| 221 | 221 | | (2) I |
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| 222 | 222 | | NAPPLICABILITY.—Paragraph (1) shall not 9 |
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| 223 | 223 | | apply with respect to sanctions imposed with respect 10 |
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| 224 | 224 | | to a foreign person under this section before Janu-11 |
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| 225 | 225 | | ary 1, 2026. 12 |
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| 226 | 226 | | (f) D |
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| 227 | 227 | | EFINITIONS.—In this section: 13 |
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| 228 | 228 | | (1) A |
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| 229 | 229 | | DMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 14 |
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| 230 | 230 | | and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in 15 |
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| 231 | 231 | | section 101(3) of the Immigration and Nationality 16 |
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| 232 | 232 | | Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(3)). 17 |
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| 233 | 233 | | (2) A |
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| 234 | 234 | | PPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT -18 |
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| 235 | 235 | | TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-19 |
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| 236 | 236 | | mittees’’ means— 20 |
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| 237 | 237 | | (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 21 |
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| 238 | 238 | | Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee on 22 |
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| 239 | 239 | | Ways and Means, and the Committee on Finan-23 |
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| 240 | 240 | | cial Services of the House of Representatives; 24 |
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| 241 | 241 | | and 25 |
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| 244 | 244 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 245 | 245 | | (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 1 |
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| 246 | 246 | | and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 2 |
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| 247 | 247 | | Urban Affairs of the Senate. 3 |
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| 248 | 248 | | (3) F |
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| 249 | 249 | | OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-4 |
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| 250 | 250 | | son’’ means a person that is not a United States 5 |
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| 251 | 251 | | person. 6 |
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| 252 | 252 | | (4) U |
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| 253 | 253 | | NITED STATES PERSON .—The term 7 |
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| 254 | 254 | | ‘‘United States person’’ means— 8 |
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| 255 | 255 | | (A) a United States citizen or an alien law-9 |
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| 256 | 256 | | fully admitted for permanent residence to the 10 |
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| 257 | 257 | | United States; or 11 |
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| 258 | 258 | | (B) an entity organized under the laws of 12 |
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| 259 | 259 | | the United States or of any jurisdiction of the 13 |
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| 260 | 260 | | United States, including a foreign branch of 14 |
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| 261 | 261 | | such an entity. 15 |
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| 262 | 262 | | SEC. 4. DETERMINATION WITH RESPECT TO THE IMPOSI-16 |
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| 263 | 263 | | TION OF SANCTIONS ON WECHAT AND 17 |
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| 264 | 264 | | TIKTOK. 18 |
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| 265 | 265 | | (a) D |
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| 266 | 266 | | ETERMINATION.—Not later than 90 days after 19 |
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| 267 | 267 | | the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 20 |
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| 268 | 268 | | State shall submit to the appropriate congressional com-21 |
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| 269 | 269 | | mittees a determination, including a detailed justification 22 |
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| 270 | 270 | | therefor, regarding whether WeChat, or any component 23 |
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| 271 | 271 | | thereof, or any entity owned or controlled by WeChat, or 24 |
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| 272 | 272 | | TikTok, or any component thereof, or any entity owned 25 |
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| 275 | 275 | | •HR 57 IH |
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| 276 | 276 | | or controlled by TikTok, satisfies the criteria for the appli-1 |
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| 277 | 277 | | cation of sanctions pursuant to— 2 |
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| 278 | 278 | | (1) section 2 of this Act; or 3 |
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| 279 | 279 | | (2) Executive Order 13694 (50 U.S.C. 1701 4 |
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| 280 | 280 | | note; relating to blocking property of certain persons 5 |
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| 281 | 281 | | engaged in significant malicious cyber-enabled activi-6 |
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| 282 | 282 | | ties). 7 |
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| 283 | 283 | | (b) F |
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| 284 | 284 | | ORM.—The determination required by sub-8 |
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| 285 | 285 | | section (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may 9 |
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| 286 | 286 | | contain a classified annex. 10 |
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| 287 | 287 | | (c) A |
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| 288 | 288 | | PPROPRIATECONGRESSIONALCOMMITTEESDE-11 |
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| 289 | 289 | | FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres-12 |
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| 290 | 290 | | sional committees’’ means— 13 |
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| 291 | 291 | | (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the 14 |
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| 292 | 292 | | Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Permanent Select 15 |
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| 293 | 293 | | Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Finan-16 |
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| 294 | 294 | | cial Services, and the Committee on the Judiciary of 17 |
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| 295 | 295 | | the House of Representatives; and 18 |
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| 296 | 296 | | (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 19 |
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| 297 | 297 | | Committee on Foreign Relations, the Select Com-20 |
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| 298 | 298 | | mittee on Intelligence, the Committee on Banking, 21 |
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| 299 | 299 | | Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on 22 |
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| 300 | 300 | | the Judiciary of the Senate. 23 |
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| 301 | 301 | | Æ |
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