Preventing PLA Acquisition of United States Technology Act of 2023
The bill is expected to have significant implications for U.S. national security by restricting knowledge transfer to Chinese institutions that have military affiliations. By listing specific research areas—including quantum computing, biotechnology, and advanced materials—the bill provides clear prohibitions against collaboration that could enhance the military capabilities of China. The enforcement mechanisms include audits and reporting requirements for any research relationships with flagged Chinese entities, aiming to create accountability among U.S. institutions. Violations could lead to a loss of federal financial assistance, thereby incentivizing compliance.
SB1368, known as the Preventing PLA Acquisition of United States Technology Act of 2023, aims to counter the military-civil fusion strategy employed by the Chinese Communist Party. The bill's primary focus is to prevent U.S. contributions to the development of dual-use technologies in China, which could be utilized for military purposes. It establishes a framework that prohibits covered entities, including federal agencies and educational institutions, from engaging in scientific research or technical exchanges with Chinese entities identified by the Secretary of Defense. These entities are recognized for their connection to the People's Liberation Army and their role in advancing China's military goals.
Overall, SB1368 represents a decisive legislative effort to safeguard U.S. technological expertise from being utilized by the Chinese military. As discussions continue around the efficacy and fairness of the bill, it will be crucial to balance the necessary security measures with the need to maintain open and beneficial scientific collaboration.
However, the bill also raises concerns regarding academic freedom and the collaborative nature of scientific research. Critics argue that such restrictions may hinder legitimate academic exchanges and technological advancements that might benefit both nations. There is apprehension from educators and researchers worried about the potential chilling effect on international collaborations, which could restrict beneficial activities that do not necessarily contribute to military objectives. The assessment criteria for 'dual-use' technologies could be ambiguous, leading to uncertainty about allowable research exchanges.