Us Congress 2023-2024 Regular Session

Us Congress Senate Bill SB44 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

Old	New	Differences
1	1	II
2	2	118THCONGRESS
3	3	1
4	4	STSESSION S. 44
5	5	To require the Secretary of Energy to establish a program to incentivize
6	6	investment in facilities that carry out the metallurgy of rare earth ele-
7	7	ments and the production of finished rare earth products, and for other
8	8	purposes.
9	9	IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
10	10	JANUARY24 (legislative day, JANUARY3), 2023
11	11	Mr. R
12	12	UBIOintroduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred
13	13	to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
14	14	A BILL
15	15	To require the Secretary of Energy to establish a program
16	16	to incentivize investment in facilities that carry out the
17	17	metallurgy of rare earth elements and the production
18	18	of finished rare earth products, and for other purposes.
19	19	Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
20	20	tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
21	21	SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
22	22	This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Obtaining National 4
23	23	and Secure Homeland Operations for Rare Earth Manu-5
24	24	facturing Act of 2023’’ or the ‘‘ONSHORE Manufac-6
25	25	turing Act of 2023’’. 7
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28	28	•S 44 IS
29	29	SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 1
30	30	In this Act: 2
31	31	(1) A
32	32	PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -3
33	33	GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-4
34	34	gress’’ means— 5
35	35	(A) the Select Committee on Intelligence, 6
36	36	the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-7
37	37	sources, the Committee on Commerce, Science, 8
38	38	and Transportation, the Committee on Foreign 9
39	39	Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, 10
40	40	the Committee on Appropriations, the Com-11
41	41	mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af-12
42	42	fairs, the Committee on Homeland Security and 13
43	43	Governmental Affairs, and the Committee on 14
44	44	Finance of the Senate; and 15
45	45	(B) the Permanent Select Committee on 16
46	46	Intelligence, the Committee on Energy and 17
47	47	Commerce, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, 18
48	48	the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-19
49	49	mittee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 20
50	50	Committee on Appropriations, the Committee 21
51	51	on Financial Services, the Committee on Home-22
52	52	land Security, and the Committee on Ways and 23
53	53	Means of the House of Representatives. 24
54	54	(2) C
55	55	OVERED ENTITY.—The term ‘‘covered en-25
56	56	tity’’ means a private entity, a consortium of private 26
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59	59	•S 44 IS
60	60	entities, or a consortium of public and private enti-1
61	61	ties with a demonstrated ability to substantially fi-2
62	62	nance, construct, expand, or technologically upgrade 3
63	63	a covered facility. 4
64	64	(3) C
65	65	OVERED FACILITY.—The term ‘‘covered 5
66	66	facility’’ means a facility located in a State that car-6
67	67	ries out the metallurgy of rare earth elements for 7
68	68	the production of finished rare earth products. 8
69	69	(4) C
70	70	OVERED INCENTIVE.—The term ‘‘covered 9
71	71	incentive’’ means— 10
72	72	(A) an incentive offered by a Federal, 11
73	73	State, local, or Tribal governmental entity to a 12
74	74	covered entity for the purposes of— 13
75	75	(i) constructing within the jurisdiction 14
76	76	of the governmental entity a covered facil-15
77	77	ity; or 16
78	78	(ii) expanding or technologically up-17
79	79	grading an existing facility within that ju-18
80	80	risdiction to be a covered facility; and 19
81	81	(B) a workforce-related incentive (includ-20
82	82	ing a grant agreement relating to workforce 21
83	83	training or vocational education), any conces-22
84	84	sion with respect to real property, funding for 23
85	85	research and development with respect to rare 24
86	86	earth elements and finished rare earth prod-25
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89	89	•S 44 IS
90	90	ucts, and any other incentive determined appro-1
91	91	priate by the Secretary, in consultation with the 2
92	92	Secretary of State. 3
93	93	(5) F
94	94	INISHED RARE EARTH PRODUCT .—The 4
95	95	term ‘‘finished rare earth product’’ means a product 5
96	96	composed of significant quantities of rare earth ele-6
97	97	ments, including— 7
98	98	(A) metals; 8
99	99	(B) alloys; and 9
100	100	(C) permanent magnets. 10
101	101	(6) F
102	102	OREIGN ENTITY.— 11
103	103	(A) I
104	104	N GENERAL.—The term ‘‘foreign enti-12
105	105	ty’’ means— 13
106	106	(i) a government of a foreign country 14
107	107	and a foreign political party; 15
108	108	(ii) a natural person who is not— 16
109	109	(I) a lawful permanent resident 17
110	110	of the United States; 18
111	111	(II) a citizen or national of the 19
112	112	United States; or 20
113	113	(III) any other protected indi-21
114	114	vidual (as defined in section 22
115	115	274B(a)(3) of the Immigration and 23
116	116	Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 24
117	117	1324b(a)(3))); and 25
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120	120	•S 44 IS
121	121	(iii) a partnership, association, cor-1
122	122	poration, organization, or other combina-2
123	123	tion of persons organized under the laws of 3
124	124	or having its principal place of business in 4
125	125	a foreign country. 5
126	126	(B) I
127	127	NCLUSIONS.—The term ‘‘foreign enti-6
128	128	ty’’ includes— 7
129	129	(i) any person owned by, controlled 8
130	130	by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direc-9
131	131	tion of an entity described in subparagraph 10
132	132	(A); 11
133	133	(ii) any person, wherever located, who 12
134	134	acts as an agent, representative, or em-13
135	135	ployee of an entity described in subpara-14
136	136	graph (A); 15
137	137	(iii) any person who acts in any other 16
138	138	capacity at the order, request, or under the 17
139	139	influence, direction, or control, of— 18
140	140	(I) an entity described in sub-19
141	141	paragraph (A); or 20
142	142	(II) a person the activities of 21
143	143	which are directly or indirectly super-22
144	144	vised, directed, controlled, financed, or 23
145	145	subsidized in whole or in majority 24
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148	148	•S 44 IS
149	149	part by an entity described in sub-1
150	150	paragraph (A); 2
151	151	(iv) any person who directly or indi-3
152	152	rectly through any contract, arrangement, 4
153	153	understanding, relationship, or otherwise, 5
154	154	owns 25 percent or more of the equity in-6
155	155	terests of an entity described in subpara-7
156	156	graph (A); 8
157	157	(v) any person with significant re-9
158	158	sponsibility to control, manage, or direct 10
159	159	an entity described in subparagraph (A); 11
160	160	(vi) any person, wherever located, who 12
161	161	is a citizen or resident of a country con-13
162	162	trolled by an entity described in subpara-14
163	163	graph (A); and 15
164	164	(vii) any corporation, partnership, as-16
165	165	sociation, or other organization organized 17
166	166	under the laws of a country controlled by 18
167	167	an entity described in subparagraph (A). 19
168	168	(7) F
169	169	OREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN .— 20
170	170	(A) I
171	171	N GENERAL.—The term ‘‘foreign enti-21
172	172	ty of concern’’ means any foreign entity that 22
173	173	is— 23
174	174	(i) designated as a foreign terrorist 24
175	175	organization by the Secretary of State 25
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178	178	•S 44 IS
179	179	under section 219 of the Immigration and 1
180	180	Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189); 2
181	181	(ii) included on the list of specially 3
182	182	designated nationals and blocked persons 4
183	183	maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets 5
184	184	Control of the Department of the Treas-6
185	185	ury; 7
186	186	(iii) owned by, controlled by, or sub-8
187	187	ject to the jurisdiction, direction, or other-9
188	188	wise under the undue influence of a gov-10
189	189	ernment of a covered nation (as defined in 11
190	190	section 4872(d) of title 10, United States 12
191	191	Code); 13
192	192	(iv) alleged by the Attorney General 14
193	193	to have been involved in activities for 15
194	194	which a conviction was obtained under— 16
195	195	(I) chapter 37 of title 18, United 17
196	196	States Code (commonly known as the 18
197	197	‘‘Espionage Act’’); 19
198	198	(II) section 951 or 1030 of title 20
199	199	18, United States Code; 21
200	200	(III) chapter 90 of title 18, 22
201	201	United States Code (commonly known 23
202	202	as the ‘‘Economic Espionage Act of 24
203	203	1996’’); 25
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206	206	•S 44 IS
207	207	(IV) the Arms Export Control 1
208	208	Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.); 2
209	209	(V) section 224, 225, 226, 227, 3
210	210	or 236 of the Atomic Energy Act of 4
211	211	1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274–2278; 2284); 5
212	212	(VI) the Export Control Reform 6
213	213	Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); 7
214	214	or 8
215	215	(VII) the International Emer-9
216	216	gency Economic Powers Act (50 10
217	217	U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or 11
218	218	(v) determined by the Secretary, in 12
219	219	consultation with the Secretary of Defense 13
220	220	and the Director of National Intelligence, 14
221	221	to be engaged in unauthorized conduct 15
222	222	that is detrimental to the national security 16
223	223	or foreign policy of the United States 17
224	224	under this Act. 18
225	225	(B) E
226	226	XCLUSION.—The term ‘‘foreign enti-19
227	227	ty of concern’’ does not include any entity with 20
228	228	respect to which 1 or more foreign entities de-21
229	229	scribed in subparagraph (A) owns less than 10 22
230	230	percent of the equity interest. 23
231	231	(8) G
232	232	OVERNMENTAL ENTITY .—The term ‘‘gov-24
233	233	ernmental entity’’ means— 25
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236	236	•S 44 IS
237	237	(A) a State; and 1
238	238	(B) a local government of a State. 2
239	239	(9) I
240	240	NTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY .—The term 3
241	241	‘‘intelligence community’’ has the meaning given the 4
242	242	term in section 3 of the National Security Act of 5
243	243	1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003). 6
244	244	(10) M
245	245	ETALLURGY.—The term ‘‘metallurgy’’ 7
246	246	means the process of producing finished rare earth 8
247	247	products from purified rare earth elements. 9
248	248	(11) M
249	249	INERALS SECURITY PARTNERSHIP .—The 10
250	250	term ‘‘Minerals Security Partnership’’ means the 11
251	251	Minerals Security Partnership established in June 12
252	252	2022. 13
253	253	(12) P
254	254	ERSON.—The term ‘‘person’’ includes an 14
255	255	individual, partnership, association, corporation, or-15
256	256	ganization, or any other combination of individuals. 16
257	257	(13) P
258	258	RIVATE CAPITAL.—The term ‘‘private 17
259	259	capital’’ has the meaning given the term in section 18
260	260	103 of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 19
261	261	(15 U.S.C. 662). 20
262	262	(14) R
263	263	ARE EARTH ELEMENT .—The term ‘‘rare 21
264	264	earth element’’ means a natural element associated 22
265	265	with— 23
266	266	(A) the metallic element scandium, with 24
267	267	atomic number 21; 25
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270	270	•S 44 IS
271	271	(B) the metallic element yttrium, with 1
272	272	atomic number 39; or 2
273	273	(C) any of the series of 15 metallic ele-3
274	274	ments between lanthanum, with atomic number 4
275	275	57, and lutetium, with atomic number 71, on 5
276	276	the periodic table. 6
277	277	(15) S
278	278	ECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ 7
279	279	means the Secretary of Energy. 8
280	280	(16) S
281	281	TATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means— 9
282	282	(A) each of the several States of the 10
283	283	United States; 11
284	284	(B) the District of Columbia; 12
285	285	(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; 13
286	286	(D) Guam; 14
287	287	(E) American Samoa; 15
288	288	(F) the Commonwealth of the Northern 16
289	289	Mariana Islands; 17
290	290	(G) the Federated States of Micronesia; 18
291	291	(H) the Republic of the Marshall Islands; 19
292	292	(I) the Republic of Palau; and 20
293	293	(J) the United States Virgin Islands. 21
294	294	SEC. 3. RARE EARTH METALLURGY FINANCING. 22
295	295	(a) F
296	296	INANCIALASSISTANCEPROGRAM.— 23
297	297	(1) I
298	298	N GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 24
299	299	in the Department of Energy a program to provide 25
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302	302	•S 44 IS
303	303	Federal financial assistance to covered entities to 1
304	304	incentivize investment in covered facilities, subject to 2
305	305	the availability of appropriations for that purpose. 3
306	306	(2) P
307	307	ROCEDURE.— 4
308	308	(A) I
309	309	N GENERAL.—A covered entity seek-5
310	310	ing financial assistance under this subsection 6
311	311	shall submit to the Secretary an application 7
312	312	that describes the project for which the covered 8
313	313	entity is seeking financial assistance. 9
314	314	(B) E
315	315	LIGIBILITY.—In order for a covered 10
316	316	entity to qualify for financial assistance under 11
317	317	this subsection, the covered entity shall dem-12
318	318	onstrate to the Secretary, in the application 13
319	319	submitted by the covered entity under subpara-14
320	320	graph (A), that— 15
321	321	(i) the covered entity has a docu-16
322	322	mented interest in— 17
323	323	(I) constructing a covered facil-18
324	324	ity; or 19
325	325	(II) expanding or technologically 20
326	326	upgrading a facility owned by the cov-21
327	327	ered entity to be a covered facility; 22
328	328	and 23
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331	331	•S 44 IS
332	332	(ii) with respect to the project for 1
333	333	which the covered entity is seeking finan-2
334	334	cial assistance, the covered entity has— 3
335	335	(I) been offered a covered incen-4
336	336	tive; 5
337	337	(II) made commitments to work-6
338	338	er and community investment, includ-7
339	339	ing through— 8
340	340	(aa) training and education 9
341	341	benefits paid by the covered enti-10
342	342	ty; and 11
343	343	(bb) programs to expand 12
344	344	employment opportunity for eco-13
345	345	nomically disadvantaged individ-14
346	346	uals; 15
347	347	(III) secured commitments from 16
348	348	regional educational and training enti-17
349	349	ties and institutions of higher edu-18
350	350	cation to provide workforce training, 19
351	351	including programming for training 20
352	352	and job placement of economically dis-21
353	353	advantaged individuals; and 22
354	354	(IV) an executable plan to sus-23
355	355	tain a covered facility without addi-24
356	356	tional Federal financial assistance 25
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359	359	•S 44 IS
360	360	under this subsection for facility sup-1
361	361	port. 2
362	362	(C) A
363	363	PPLICATION REVIEW.— 3
364	364	(i) I
365	365	N GENERAL.—The Secretary may 4
366	366	not approve an application submitted by a 5
367	367	covered entity under subparagraph (A)— 6
368	368	(I) unless the Secretary— 7
369	369	(aa) confirms that the cov-8
370	370	ered entity has satisfied the eligi-9
371	371	bility criteria under subpara-10
372	372	graph (B); 11
373	373	(bb) determines that the 12
374	374	project for which the covered en-13
375	375	tity is seeking financial assist-14
376	376	ance is in the interest of the 15
377	377	United States; and 16
378	378	(cc) has notified the appro-17
379	379	priate committees of Congress 18
380	380	not later than 15 days before 19
381	381	making any commitment to pro-20
382	382	vide an award of financial assist-21
383	383	ance to any covered entity in an 22
384	384	amount that exceeds 23
385	385	$10,000,000; or 24
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388	388	•S 44 IS
389	389	(II) if the Secretary determines, 1
390	390	in consultation with the Director of 2
391	391	National Intelligence, that the covered 3
392	392	entity is a foreign entity of concern. 4
393	393	(ii) C
394	394	ONSIDERATION.—In reviewing 5
395	395	an application submitted by a covered enti-6
396	396	ty under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 7
397	397	may consider whether— 8
398	398	(I) the covered entity has pre-9
399	399	viously received financial assistance 10
400	400	under this subsection; 11
401	401	(II) the governmental entity of-12
402	402	fering the applicable covered incentive 13
403	403	has benefitted from financial assist-14
404	404	ance previously provided under this 15
405	405	subsection; 16
406	406	(III) the covered entity has dem-17
407	407	onstrated that the covered entity is re-18
408	408	sponsive to the national security needs 19
409	409	or requirements established by the in-20
410	410	telligence community (or an agency 21
411	411	thereof), the National Nuclear Secu-22
412	412	rity Administration, or the Depart-23
413	413	ment of Defense; 24
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416	416	•S 44 IS
417	417	(IV) if practicable, a consortium 1
418	418	that is considered a covered entity in-2
419	419	cludes a small business concern (as 3
420	420	defined under section 3 of the Small 4
421	421	Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632)), not-5
422	422	withstanding section 121.103 of title 6
423	423	13, Code of Federal Regulations (or 7
424	424	successor regulations); and 8
425	425	(V) the covered entity intends to 9
426	426	produce finished products for use by 10
427	427	the Department of Defense, the de-11
428	428	fense industry of the United States, 12
429	429	or critical energy infrastructure. 13
430	430	(iii) P
431	431	RIORITIZATION.—To the max-14
432	432	imum extent practicable, the Secretary 15
433	433	shall prioritize awarding financial assist-16
434	434	ance under this subsection to a covered en-17
435	435	tity that intends to make finished products 18
436	436	available for use by the Department of De-19
437	437	fense, the defense industry of the United 20
438	438	States, or critical energy infrastructure. 21
439	439	(D) R
440	440	ECORDS.— 22
441	441	(i) I
442	442	N GENERAL.—The Secretary may 23
443	443	request records and information from a 24
444	444	covered entity that submitted an applica-25
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447	447	•S 44 IS
448	448	tion under subparagraph (A) to review the 1
449	449	status of a covered entity. 2
450	450	(ii) R
451	451	EQUIREMENT.—The covered en-3
452	452	tity shall provide the records and informa-4
453	453	tion requested by the Secretary under 5
454	454	clause (i). 6
455	455	(3) A
456	456	MOUNT.— 7
457	457	(A) I
458	458	N GENERAL.—The Secretary shall de-8
459	459	termine the appropriate amount and funding 9
460	460	type for each financial assistance award pro-10
461	461	vided to a covered entity under this subsection. 11
462	462	(B) C
463	463	OST-SHARING REQUIREMENT .—The 12
464	464	total amount of financial assistance that may be 13
465	465	guaranteed by the Secretary under this sub-14
466	466	section shall be not more than 100 percent of 15
467	467	the private capital investment available to a 16
468	468	covered entity for any individual project. 17
469	469	(C) M
470	470	INIMUM INVESTMENT .—The total 18
471	471	Federal investment in any individual project re-19
472	472	ceiving a financial assistance award under this 20
473	473	subsection shall be not less than $100,000,000. 21
474	474	(D) L
475	475	ARGER INVESTMENT .—The total 22
476	476	Federal investment in any individual project re-23
477	477	ceiving a financial assistance award under this 24
478	478	subsection shall not exceed $500,000,000, un-25
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481	481	•S 44 IS
482	482	less the Secretary, in consultation with the Sec-1
483	483	retary of Defense and the Director of National 2
484	484	Intelligence, recommends to the President, and 3
485	485	the President certifies and reports to the appro-4
486	486	priate committees of Congress, that a larger in-5
487	487	vestment is necessary— 6
488	488	(i) to significantly increase the pro-7
489	489	portion of reliable domestic supply of fin-8
490	490	ished rare earth products relevant for na-9
491	491	tional security and economic competitive-10
492	492	ness that can be met through domestic 11
493	493	production; and 12
494	494	(ii) to meet the needs of national se-13
495	495	curity. 14
496	496	(4) U
497	497	SE OF FUNDS.—A covered entity that re-15
498	498	ceives a financial assistance award under this sub-16
499	499	section may only use the financial assistance award 17
500	500	amounts— 18
501	501	(A) to finance the construction of a cov-19
502	502	ered facility (including equipment) or the ex-20
503	503	pansion or technological upgrade of a facility 21
504	504	(including equipment) of the covered entity to 22
505	505	be a covered facility, as documented in the ap-23
506	506	plication submitted by the covered entity under 24
507	507	paragraph (2)(A), as determined necessary by 25
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509	509	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 18
510	510	•S 44 IS
511	511	the Secretary for purposes relating to the na-1
512	512	tional security and economic competitiveness of 2
513	513	the United States; 3
514	514	(B) to support workforce development for 4
515	515	a covered facility; and 5
516	516	(C) to support site development and tech-6
517	517	nological upgrade for a covered facility. 7
518	518	(5) C
519	519	LAWBACK.— 8
520	520	(A) M
521	521	AJOR AWARDS.— 9
522	522	(i) I
523	523	N GENERAL.—For all financial as-10
524	524	sistance awards provided to covered enti-11
525	525	ties under this subsection, the Secretary 12
526	526	shall, at the time of making the award, de-13
527	527	termine the target dates by which a cov-14
528	528	ered entity shall commence and complete 15
529	529	the applicable project. 16
530	530	(ii) P
531	531	ROGRESSIVE RECOVERY FOR 17
532	532	DELAYS.—If the covered entity receiving a 18
533	533	financial assistance award under this sub-19
534	534	section does not complete the applicable 20
535	535	project by the applicable target date deter-21
536	536	mined under clause (i), the Secretary shall 22
537	537	progressively recover up to the full amount 23
538	538	of the award. 24
539	539	VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:03 Jan 27, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S44.IS S44
540	540	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 19
541	541	•S 44 IS
542	542	(iii) WAIVER.—In the case of projects 1
543	543	that do not meet the applicable target date 2
544	544	determined under clause (i), the Secretary 3
545	545	may waive the requirement to recover the 4
546	546	financial award provided for the project 5
547	547	under clause (ii) after making a formal de-6
548	548	termination that circumstances beyond the 7
549	549	ability of the covered entity to foresee or 8
550	550	control are responsible for the delay. 9
551	551	(iv) C
552	552	ONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICA -10
553	553	TION.— 11
554	554	(I) I
555	555	N GENERAL.—Not later than 12
556	556	15 days after making a determination 13
557	557	to recover an award under clause (ii), 14
558	558	the Secretary shall notify the appro-15
559	559	priate committees of Congress of the 16
560	560	intent of the Secretary to recover the 17
561	561	award. 18
562	562	(II) W
563	563	AIVERS.—Not later than 19
564	564	15 days after the date on which the 20
565	565	Secretary provides a waiver under 21
566	566	clause (iii), the Secretary shall notify 22
567	567	the appropriate committees of Con-23
568	568	gress of the waiver. 24
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571	571	•S 44 IS
572	572	(B) JOINT RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY LI-1
573	573	CENSING, AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RE -2
574	574	PORTING.— 3
575	575	(i) I
576	576	N GENERAL.—Before entering 4
577	577	into an agreement with a foreign entity to 5
578	578	conduct joint research or technology licens-6
579	579	ing, or to share intellectual property, a 7
580	580	covered entity that has received a financial 8
581	581	assistance award under this subsection— 9
582	582	(I) shall notify the Secretary of 10
583	583	the intent to enter into such an agree-11
584	584	ment; and 12
585	585	(II) may only enter into such an 13
586	586	agreement if the Secretary determines 14
587	587	the foreign entity is not a foreign en-15
588	588	tity of concern. 16
589	589	(ii) D
590	590	ETERMINATION.—On receiving a 17
591	591	notification under clause (i), the Secretary, 18
592	592	in consultation with the Director of Na-19
593	593	tional Intelligence, the Director of the Na-20
594	594	tional Counterintelligence and Security 21
595	595	Center, and the Director of the Federal 22
596	596	Bureau of Investigation, shall make a de-23
597	597	termination of whether the applicable for-24
598	598	eign entity is a foreign entity of concern. 25
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600	600	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 21
601	601	•S 44 IS
602	602	(iii) TECHNOLOGY CLAWBACK .—The 1
603	603	Secretary shall recover the full amount of 2
604	604	a financial assistance award provided to a 3
605	605	covered entity under this subsection if, 4
606	606	during the applicable term of the award, 5
607	607	the covered entity knowingly engages in 6
608	608	any joint research, technology licensing, or 7
609	609	intellectual property sharing effort with a 8
610	610	foreign entity of concern that relates to a 9
611	611	technology or product that raises national 10
612	612	security concerns, as determined by the 11
613	613	Secretary, in consultation with the Direc-12
614	614	tor of National Intelligence, the Director of 13
615	615	the National Counterintelligence and Secu-14
616	616	rity Center, and the Director of the Fed-15
617	617	eral Bureau of Investigation, on the condi-16
618	618	tion that the determination of the Sec-17
619	619	retary shall have been communicated to 18
620	620	the covered entity before the covered entity 19
621	621	engaged in the joint research, technology 20
622	622	licensing, or intellectual property sharing. 21
623	623	(6) C
624	624	ONDITION OF RECEIPT.—A covered entity 22
625	625	to which the Secretary awards Federal financial as-23
626	626	sistance under this subsection shall enter into an 24
627	627	agreement that specifies that, during the 5-year pe-25
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630	630	•S 44 IS
631	631	riod immediately following the award of the Federal 1
632	632	financial assistance, the covered entity will not make 2
633	633	shareholder distributions in excess of profits. 3
634	634	(b) C
635	635	OORDINATIONREQUIRED.—In carrying out the 4
636	636	program established under subsection (a), the Secretary 5
637	637	shall coordinate with the Secretary of State, the Secretary 6
638	638	of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the 7
639	639	Director of National Intelligence. 8
640	640	(c) GAO R
641	641	EVIEWS.—The Comptroller General of the 9
642	642	United States shall— 10
643	643	(1) not later than 2 years after the date of dis-11
644	644	bursement of the first financial award under the 12
645	645	program established under subsection (a), and bien-13
646	646	nially thereafter for 10 years, conduct a review of 14
647	647	the program, which shall include, at a minimum— 15
648	648	(A) a determination of the number of fi-16
649	649	nancial assistance awards provided under the 17
650	650	program during the period covered by the re-18
651	651	view; 19
652	652	(B) an evaluation of how— 20
653	653	(i) the program is being carried out, 21
654	654	including how recipients of financial assist-22
655	655	ance awards are being selected under the 23
656	656	program; and 24
657	657	VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:03 Jan 27, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S44.IS S44
658	658	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 23
659	659	•S 44 IS
660	660	(ii) other Federal programs are lever-1
661	661	aged for manufacturing, research, and 2
662	662	training to complement the financial assist-3
663	663	ance awards provided under the program; 4
664	664	and 5
665	665	(C) a description of the outcomes of 6
666	666	projects supported by financial assistance 7
667	667	awards provided under the program, including a 8
668	668	description of— 9
669	669	(i) covered facilities that were con-10
670	670	structed or facilities that were expanded or 11
671	671	technologically upgraded to be covered fa-12
672	672	cilities as a result of financial assistance 13
673	673	awards provided under the program; 14
674	674	(ii) workforce training programs car-15
675	675	ried out with financial assistance awards 16
676	676	provided under the program, including ef-17
677	677	forts to hire individuals from disadvan-18
678	678	taged populations; and 19
679	679	(iii) the impact of projects receiving 20
680	680	financial assistance awards under the pro-21
681	681	gram on the United States share of global 22
682	682	finished rare earth product production; and 23
683	683	VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:03 Jan 27, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S44.IS S44
684	684	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 24
685	685	•S 44 IS
686	686	(2) submit to the appropriate committees of 1
687	687	Congress the results of each review conducted under 2
688	688	paragraph (1). 3
689	689	(d) A
690	690	UTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 4
691	691	are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this sec-5
692	692	tion— 6
693	693	(1) $1,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and 7
694	694	(2) $200,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 8
695	695	through 2028. 9
696	696	SEC. 4. FUNDING FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SECURE RARE 10
697	697	EARTH SUPPLY CHAINS. 11
698	698	(a) M
699	699	INERALSSECURITYPARTNERSHIPFUND.— 12
700	700	(1) E
701	701	STABLISHMENT OF FUND .—The Secretary 13
702	702	of the Treasury may establish a trust fund, to be 14
703	703	known as the ‘‘Minerals Security Partnership Fund’’ 15
704	704	(referred to in this section as the ‘‘Fund’’), con-16
705	705	sisting of such amounts as are appropriated to the 17
706	706	Fund or credited to the Fund under paragraph (3). 18
707	707	(2) R
708	708	EPORTING REQUIREMENT .—If the Fund is 19
709	709	not established by not later than 180 days after the 20
710	710	date of enactment of this Act, on that date, and an-21
711	711	nually thereafter until the Fund is established, the 22
712	712	Secretary of the Treasury, in coordination with the 23
713	713	Secretary of State, shall provide, in writing, to the 24
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715	715	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 25
716	716	•S 44 IS
717	717	appropriate committees of Congress a rationale for 1
718	718	not establishing the Fund. 2
719	719	(3) I
720	720	NVESTMENT OF AMOUNTS .— 3
721	721	(A) I
722	722	NVESTMENT OF AMOUNTS .—If the 4
723	723	Fund is established, the Secretary of the Treas-5
724	724	ury may invest such portion of the Fund as is 6
725	725	not required to meet current withdrawals in in-7
726	726	terest-bearing obligations of the United States 8
727	727	or in obligations guaranteed as to both prin-9
728	728	cipal and interest by the United States. 10
729	729	(B) I
730	730	NTEREST AND PROCEEDS .—The in-11
731	731	terest on, and the proceeds from the sale or re-12
732	732	demption of, any obligations held in the Fund 13
733	733	shall be credited to and form a part of the 14
734	734	Fund. 15
735	735	(4) U
736	736	SE OF FUND.— 16
737	737	(A) I
738	738	N GENERAL.—Subject to subpara-17
739	739	graph (B), amounts in the Fund shall be avail-18
740	740	able, as provided in advance in an appropria-19
741	741	tions Act, to the Secretary of State— 20
742	742	(i) to provide funding through the 21
743	743	Minerals Security Partnership common 22
744	744	funding mechanism described in subsection 23
745	745	(b)(1) to support the development and 24
746	746	VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:03 Jan 27, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S44.IS S44
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748	748	•S 44 IS
749	749	adoption of secure rare earth supply 1
750	750	chains; and 2
751	751	(ii) to otherwise carry out this section. 3
752	752	(B) A
753	753	VAILABILITY CONTINGENT ON INTER -4
754	754	NATIONAL ARRANGEMENT OR AGREEMENT .— 5
755	755	(i) I
756	756	N GENERAL.—Amounts in the 6
757	757	Fund shall be available to the Secretary of 7
758	758	State, as provided in advance in an appro-8
759	759	priations Act, on and after the date on 9
760	760	which the Secretary of State enters into an 10
761	761	arrangement or agreement with the gov-11
762	762	ernments of countries that are partners of 12
763	763	the United States, as determined by the 13
764	764	Secretary of State, to participate in the 14
765	765	Minerals Security Partnership common 15
766	766	funding mechanism under subsection 16
767	767	(b)(1). 17
768	768	(ii) C
769	769	ONSULTATION.—Before entering 18
770	770	into an arrangement or agreement as de-19
771	771	scribed in clause (i), the Secretary of 20
772	772	State, in consultation with the Secretary of 21
773	773	Commerce, shall ensure that any govern-22
774	774	ment that will participate in the arrange-23
775	775	ment or agreement maintains export con-24
776	776	trol licensing policies with respect to ex-25
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778	778	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 27
779	779	•S 44 IS
780	780	ports of finished rare earth products sub-1
781	781	stantively equivalent to the United States 2
782	782	with respect to restrictions on such exports 3
783	783	to the People’s Republic of China. 4
784	784	(b) M
785	785	INERALSSECURITYPARTNERSHIPCOMMON 5
786	786	F
787	787	UNDINGMECHANISM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SECURE 6
788	788	R
789	789	AREEARTHSUPPLYCHAINS.— 7
790	790	(1) I
791	791	N GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, in 8
792	792	consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the 9
793	793	Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Se-10
794	794	curity, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director 11
795	795	of National Intelligence, and the Chief Executive Of-12
796	796	ficer of the United States International Development 13
797	797	Finance Corporation shall ensure that the Minerals 14
798	798	Security Partnership is a mutually beneficial funding 15
799	799	mechanism that, in coordination with the govern-16
800	800	ments of countries that are partners of the United 17
801	801	States, uses amounts from the Fund, or any other 18
802	802	available Federal funds, to support the development 19
803	803	and adoption of secure rare earth supply chains, in-20
804	804	cluding for— 21
805	805	(A) research and development collabora-22
806	806	tions among countries participating in the 23
807	807	mechanism; and 24
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810	810	•S 44 IS
811	811	(B) supplementing bids by foreign entities 1
812	812	that are not foreign entities of concern to se-2
813	813	cure offtake agreements with entities that mine 3
814	814	rare earth elements. 4
815	815	(2) C
816	816	ONTRIBUTIONS FROM PARTICIPATING 5
817	817	COUNTRIES.—In creating and sustaining the Min-6
818	818	erals Security Partnership common funding mecha-7
819	819	nism described in paragraph (1), the Secretary of 8
820	820	State shall seek to leverage amounts from the Fund 9
821	821	to secure contributions to the mechanism from the 10
822	822	governments of countries participating in the mecha-11
823	823	nism, including with respect to cost sharing and 12
824	824	other cooperative measures leading to the develop-13
825	825	ment and adoption of secure rare earth supply 14
826	826	chains. 15
827	827	(3) C
828	828	OMMITMENTS.—In creating and sustaining 16
829	829	the Minerals Security Partnership common funding 17
830	830	mechanism described in paragraph (1), the Sec-18
831	831	retary of State shall promote efforts among coun-19
832	832	tries participating in the mechanism— 20
833	833	(A) to establish transparency requirements 21
834	834	for any subsidies or other financial benefits (in-22
835	835	cluding revenue foregone) provided to rare 23
836	836	earth firms located in or outside such countries; 24
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839	839	•S 44 IS
840	840	(B) to establish processes similar to the 1
841	841	process of the Committee on Foreign Invest-2
842	842	ment in the United States under section 721 of 3
843	843	the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4
844	844	4565) for intervening to preempt foreign enti-5
845	845	ties of concern from investing in, purchasing, or 6
846	846	assuming control of entities, intellectual prop-7
847	847	erty, and equipment that are created by or ben-8
848	848	efit from investments by the mechanism; 9
849	849	(C) to establish consistent policies with re-10
850	850	spect to countries that— 11
851	851	(i) are not participating in the mecha-12
852	852	nism; and 13
853	853	(ii) do not meet transparency require-14
854	854	ments established under subparagraph (A); 15
855	855	(D) to promote harmonized treatment of 16
856	856	finished rare earth products and verification 17
857	857	processes for raw materials or products being 18
858	858	exported to a country considered a national se-19
859	859	curity risk by the government of a country par-20
860	860	ticipating in the mechanism; 21
861	861	(E) to establish consistent policies among 22
862	862	the governments of countries participating in 23
863	863	the mechanism and common policies among 24
864	864	countries that are not participating to address 25
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866	866	pbinns on DSKJLVW7X2PROD with $$_JOB 30
867	867	•S 44 IS
868	868	nonmarket economy countries as the behavior 1
869	869	of such countries pertains to rare earth ele-2
870	870	ments; 3
871	871	(F) to align policies with respect to supply 4
872	872	chain integrity and security, including with re-5
873	873	spect to protection and enforcement of intellec-6
874	874	tual property rights; and 7
875	875	(G) to promote harmonized foreign direct 8
876	876	investment screening measures and export con-9
877	877	trol policies with respect to rare earth elements 10
878	878	to align with national, multilateral, and 11
879	879	plurilateral security priorities. 12
880	880	(c) A
881	881	NNUALREPORT TOCONGRESS.—Not later than 13
882	882	1 year after the date on which the Fund is established, 14
883	883	and annually thereafter for each fiscal year during which 15
884	884	amounts in the Fund are available under subsection 16
885	885	(a)(4), the Secretary of State shall submit to the appro-17
886	886	priate committees of Congress a report on the status of 18
887	887	the implementation of this section that includes a descrip-19
888	888	tion of— 20
889	889	(1) any commitments made by the governments 21
890	890	of countries that have entered into an arrangement 22
891	891	or agreement with the United States to provide 23
892	892	funding for the Minerals Security Partnership com-24
893	893	mon funding mechanism described in subsection 25
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896	896	•S 44 IS
897	897	(b)(1) and the specific amount so committed and 1
898	898	other cooperative measures being taken by such 2
899	899	countries as part of the mechanism; 3
900	900	(2) the criteria established for expenditure of 4
901	901	funds through the mechanism; 5
902	902	(3) how, and to whom, amounts have been ex-6
903	903	pended from the Fund and a description of progress 7
904	904	made in utilizing the Fund to support the objectives 8
905	905	described in subsection (b)(1); 9
906	906	(4) amounts remaining in the Fund; 10
907	907	(5) the progress of the Secretary of State to-11
908	908	ward entering into an arrangement or agreement 12
909	909	with the governments of countries that are partners 13
910	910	of the United States to participate in the Minerals 14
911	911	Security Partnership common funding mechanism 15
912	912	and the commitments described in subsection (b)(3); 16
913	913	and 17
914	914	(6) any additional authorities needed to en-18
915	915	hance the effectiveness of the Fund in achieving the 19
916	916	security goals of the United States. 20
917	917	(d) N
918	918	OTIFICATIONSTOBEPROVIDED BY THE 21
919	919	F
920	920	UND.— 22
921	921	(1) I
922	922	N GENERAL.—Not later than 15 days prior 23
923	923	to the Fund making a financial commitment associ-24
924	924	ated with the provision of expenditures under sub-25
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927	927	•S 44 IS
928	928	section (a)(4)(A) in an amount in excess of 1
929	929	$1,000,000, the Secretary of State shall submit to 2
930	930	the appropriate committees of Congress a report in 3
931	931	writing that includes the information described in 4
932	932	paragraph (2). 5
933	933	(2) I
934	934	NFORMATION REQUIRED .—The information 6
935	935	described in this paragraph is— 7
936	936	(A) the amount of each expenditure de-8
937	937	scribed in paragraph (1); 9
938	938	(B) an identification of the recipient or 10
939	939	beneficiary of each such expenditure; and 11
940	940	(C) a description of the project or activity 12
941	941	to be carried out and the purpose to be 13
942	942	achieved by each such expenditure. 14
943	943	(3) A
944	944	RRANGEMENTS OR AGREEMENTS .—The 15
945	945	Secretary of State shall notify the appropriate com-16
946	946	mittees of Congress not later than 30 days after en-17
947	947	tering into a new bilateral or multilateral arrange-18
948	948	ment or agreement described in subsection 19
949	949	(a)(4)(B). 20
950	950	(e) F
951	951	OREIGNENTITIES OFCONCERN.—A foreign en-21
952	952	tity of concern may not be a participant or beneficiary of 22
953	953	the Minerals Security Partnership common funding mech-23
954	954	anism described in subsection (b)(1). 24
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957	957	•S 44 IS
958	958	(f) APPLICABILITY TOEXISTINGFUND OF THEMIN-1
959	959	ERALSSECURITYPARTNERSHIP.—This section shall 2
960	960	apply to any fund in the Treasury that has been estab-3
961	961	lished before the date of enactment of this Act for use 4
962	962	of the Minerals Security Partnership. 5
963	963	SEC. 5. WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE. 6
964	964	As soon as practicable after the date of enactment 7
965	965	of this Act, the Secretary shall establish an initiative 8
966	966	under which the Secretary shall work with the Secretary 9
967	967	of Labor, the Director of the National Science Founda-10
968	968	tion, the Critical Minerals Subcommittee of the National 11
969	969	Science and Technology Council, the private sector, insti-12
970	970	tutions of higher education, and workforce training enti-13
971	971	ties to incentivize and expand participation in graduate 14
972	972	and undergraduate programs, and to develop workforce 15
973	973	training programs and apprenticeships, relating to ad-16
974	974	vanced rare earth element mining, separation, processing, 17
975	975	metallurgy, and advanced equipment maintenance capa-18
976	976	bilities. 19
977	977	SEC. 6. SUPPORT FOR FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES. 20
978	978	Section 1412(c) of the Better Utilization of Invest-21
979	979	ments Leading to Development Act of 2018 (22 U.S.C. 22
980	980	9612(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: 23
981	981	‘‘(3) S
982	982	UPPORT FOR FREELY ASSOCIATED 24
983	983	STATES.—Notwithstanding the income classification 25
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986	986	•S 44 IS
987	987	of the country with which the geopolitical entity is 1
988	988	associated, the Corporation may provide support 2
989	989	under title II to a geopolitical entity that is included, 3
990	990	as of the date on which support is provided, on the 4
991	991	list of dependencies and areas of special sovereignty 5
992	992	prepared by the Department of State.’’. 6
993	993	SEC. 7. PROHIBITION RELATING TO FOREIGN ENTITIES OF 7
994	994	CONCERN. 8
995	995	None of the funds authorized to be appropriated to 9
996	996	carry out this Act may be provided to a foreign entity of 10
997	997	concern. 11
998	998	SEC. 8. DEFENSE PRODUCTION ACT OF 1950 EFFORTS. 12
999	999	(a) I
1000	1000	NGENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 13
1001	1001	date of enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 14
1002	1002	to Congress a report on a plan of action for any use of 15
1003	1003	authorities available in title III of the Defense Production 16
1004	1004	Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4531 et seq.) to establish or en-17
1005	1005	hance a domestic production capability for finished rare 18
1006	1006	earth products and related technologies, subject to— 19
1007	1007	(1) the availability of appropriations for that 20
1008	1008	purpose; and 21
1009	1009	(2) a determination made under the plan pursu-22
1010	1010	ant to that title that— 23
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1013	1013	•S 44 IS
1014	1014	(A) finished rare earth products and re-1
1015	1015	lated technologies are essential to the national 2
1016	1016	defense; and 3
1017	1017	(B) domestic industrial capabilities are in-4
1018	1018	sufficient to meet those needs. 5
1019	1019	(b) C
1020	1020	OORDINATION.—The President shall develop the 6
1021	1021	plan of action required by subsection (a) in consultation 7
1022	1022	with any relevant head of a Federal agency, an advisory 8
1023	1023	committee established under section 708(d) of the Defense 9
1024	1024	Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4558(d)), and appro-10
1025	1025	priate stakeholders in the private sector. 11
1026	1026	Æ
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