| 1 | 1 | | I |
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| 2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION H. R. 1332 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To direct the Secretary of Commerce to establish and carry out a program |
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| 6 | 6 | | to sequence the genomes of aquatic species. |
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| 7 | 7 | | IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
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| 8 | 8 | | FEBRUARY13, 2025 |
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| 9 | 9 | | Mr. M |
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| 10 | 10 | | IN(for himself, Ms. BROWNLEY, and Ms. ELFRETH) introduced the |
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| 11 | 11 | | following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Natural Resources |
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| 12 | 12 | | A BILL |
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| 13 | 13 | | To direct the Secretary of Commerce to establish and carry |
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| 14 | 14 | | out a program to sequence the genomes of aquatic species. |
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| 15 | 15 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 16 | 16 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 17 | 17 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 18 | 18 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Aquatic Biodiversity 4 |
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| 19 | 19 | | Preservation Act of 2025’’. 5 |
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| 20 | 20 | | SEC. 2. AQUATIC SPECIES GENOME SEQUENCING PRO-6 |
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| 21 | 21 | | GRAM. 7 |
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| 22 | 22 | | (a) I |
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| 23 | 23 | | NGENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish and 8 |
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| 24 | 24 | | carry out a program to sequence the genomes of aquatic 9 |
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| 25 | 25 | | species, in coordination with covered entities, to enhance 10 |
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| 27 | 27 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 2 |
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| 28 | 28 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 29 | 29 | | scientific understanding and conservation, management, 1 |
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| 30 | 30 | | and enforcement efforts with respect to such species. 2 |
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| 31 | 31 | | (b) P |
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| 32 | 32 | | ROGRAMDUTIES.—In carrying out the Pro-3 |
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| 33 | 33 | | gram, the Secretary shall carry out activities that include 4 |
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| 34 | 34 | | the following: 5 |
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| 35 | 35 | | (1) Identify and catalogue vouchered specimens, 6 |
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| 36 | 36 | | verifiably identified by a taxonomist, of aquatic spe-7 |
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| 37 | 37 | | cies held by covered entities for the purpose of in-8 |
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| 38 | 38 | | cluding such aquatic species in the Program. 9 |
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| 39 | 39 | | (2) Obtain genetic samples, including through 10 |
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| 40 | 40 | | purchase or field collection, of priority species. 11 |
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| 41 | 41 | | (3) Extract and process DNA from samples of 12 |
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| 42 | 42 | | aquatic species or the environment through labora-13 |
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| 43 | 43 | | tory analysis, including carrying out any labor and 14 |
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| 44 | 44 | | acquiring any supplies required for such analysis. 15 |
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| 45 | 45 | | (4) Sequence the genomes of aquatic species to 16 |
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| 46 | 46 | | accepted completeness and quality standards for ref-17 |
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| 47 | 47 | | erence genomes, including, as the Secretary deter-18 |
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| 48 | 48 | | mines appropriate, nuclear, mitochondrial, and 19 |
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| 49 | 49 | | chloroplast DNA. 20 |
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| 50 | 50 | | (5) Collect, catalogue, and store the metadata 21 |
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| 51 | 51 | | created by sequencing the genomes of aquatic spe-22 |
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| 52 | 52 | | cies under paragraph (4). 23 |
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| 55 | 55 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 56 | 56 | | (6) Make publicly available the genomes and as-1 |
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| 57 | 57 | | sociated metadata of aquatic species that have been 2 |
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| 58 | 58 | | sequenced but are not publicly available. 3 |
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| 59 | 59 | | (7) Provide funding and technical assistance to 4 |
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| 60 | 60 | | covered entities that the Secretary determines appro-5 |
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| 61 | 61 | | priate to carry out the activities described in para-6 |
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| 62 | 62 | | graphs (1) through (6). 7 |
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| 63 | 63 | | (8) Establish principles for the management 8 |
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| 64 | 64 | | and sharing of data collected and produced through 9 |
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| 65 | 65 | | the Program in accordance with the document titled 10 |
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| 66 | 66 | | ‘‘The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data 11 |
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| 67 | 67 | | management and stewardship’’ (published March 15, 12 |
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| 68 | 68 | | 2016). 13 |
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| 69 | 69 | | (c) P |
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| 70 | 70 | | ROGRAMPARTICIPATION BY COVEREDENTI-14 |
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| 71 | 71 | | TIES.—A covered entity may carry out the activities de-15 |
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| 72 | 72 | | scribed in paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b) 16 |
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| 73 | 73 | | pursuant to the Program. 17 |
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| 74 | 74 | | (d) D |
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| 75 | 75 | | ATASHARING.— 18 |
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| 76 | 76 | | (1) I |
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| 77 | 77 | | N GENERAL.—Except as provided in para-19 |
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| 78 | 78 | | graph (2), if the Secretary or a covered entity se-20 |
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| 79 | 79 | | quences the genome of an aquatic species pursuant 21 |
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| 80 | 80 | | to the Program, not later than 360 days after the 22 |
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| 81 | 81 | | date on which the sequencing of such genome is 23 |
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| 82 | 82 | | completed, the Secretary or the covered entity that 24 |
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| 83 | 83 | | sequenced such genome, as applicable, shall submit 25 |
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| 85 | 85 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 4 |
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| 86 | 86 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 87 | 87 | | to the National Center for Biotechnology Informa-1 |
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| 88 | 88 | | tion to make publicly available such sequenced ge-2 |
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| 89 | 89 | | nome and any associated raw sequence data and 3 |
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| 90 | 90 | | metadata, including— 4 |
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| 91 | 91 | | (A) the species of such genome; 5 |
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| 92 | 92 | | (B) the location of where the sample that 6 |
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| 93 | 93 | | was used to sequence such genome was col-7 |
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| 94 | 94 | | lected; 8 |
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| 95 | 95 | | (C) the time and date of when such sample 9 |
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| 96 | 96 | | was collected; 10 |
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| 97 | 97 | | (D) the process by which such genome was 11 |
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| 98 | 98 | | sequenced; and 12 |
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| 99 | 99 | | (E) any information required pursuant to 13 |
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| 100 | 100 | | the principles for the management and sharing 14 |
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| 101 | 101 | | of data collected and produced through the Pro-15 |
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| 102 | 102 | | gram established under subsection (b)(8). 16 |
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| 103 | 103 | | (2) E |
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| 104 | 104 | | XCEPTION FOR TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS .— 17 |
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| 105 | 105 | | If, pursuant to the Program, a Tribal Government 18 |
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| 106 | 106 | | sequences the genome of an aquatic species or pro-19 |
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| 107 | 107 | | vides a sample of an aquatic species to the Secretary 20 |
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| 108 | 108 | | that the Secretary uses to sequence the genome of 21 |
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| 109 | 109 | | such species, the Tribal Government shall be the 22 |
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| 110 | 110 | | only entity with the authority to determine whether 23 |
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| 111 | 111 | | and when to submit to the National Center for Bio-24 |
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| 112 | 112 | | technology Information to make publicly available 25 |
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| 114 | 114 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 5 |
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| 115 | 115 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 116 | 116 | | the data collected and produced through such se-1 |
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| 117 | 117 | | quencing. 2 |
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| 118 | 118 | | (e) A |
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| 119 | 119 | | UTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 3 |
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| 120 | 120 | | authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 4 |
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| 121 | 121 | | out the Program $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 5 |
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| 122 | 122 | | through 2031. 6 |
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| 123 | 123 | | (f) D |
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| 124 | 124 | | EFINITIONS.—In this section: 7 |
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| 125 | 125 | | (1) A |
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| 126 | 126 | | QUATIC SPECIES OF GREATEST CONSERVA -8 |
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| 127 | 127 | | TION NEED.—The term ‘‘aquatic species of greatest 9 |
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| 128 | 128 | | conservation need’’ means an aquatic species that, 10 |
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| 129 | 129 | | unless otherwise specified, the Secretary determines 11 |
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| 130 | 130 | | requires conservation attention because such spe-12 |
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| 131 | 131 | | cies— 13 |
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| 132 | 132 | | (A) has a low or declining population; 14 |
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| 133 | 133 | | (B) is facing threats; or 15 |
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| 134 | 134 | | (C) is considered by a Tribal Government 16 |
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| 135 | 135 | | or Native Hawaiian organization to be bio-17 |
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| 136 | 136 | | logically or culturally significant for indigenous 18 |
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| 137 | 137 | | purposes. 19 |
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| 138 | 138 | | (2) C |
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| 139 | 139 | | OVERED ENTITY.—The term ‘‘covered en-20 |
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| 140 | 140 | | tity’’ means— 21 |
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| 141 | 141 | | (A) a Federal agency; 22 |
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| 142 | 142 | | (B) a State Government; 23 |
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| 143 | 143 | | (C) a Tribal Government; 24 |
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| 144 | 144 | | (D) a Native Hawaiian organization; 25 |
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| 147 | 147 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 148 | 148 | | (E) a nonprofit organization; and 1 |
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| 149 | 149 | | (F) an institution of higher education. 2 |
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| 150 | 150 | | (3) H |
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| 151 | 151 | | ARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM .—The term 3 |
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| 152 | 152 | | ‘‘harmful algal bloom’’ has the meaning given the 4 |
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| 153 | 153 | | term in section 609 of the Harmful Algal Bloom and 5 |
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| 154 | 154 | | Hypoxia Research and Control Act of 1998 (33 6 |
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| 155 | 155 | | U.S.C. 4008). 7 |
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| 156 | 156 | | (4) I |
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| 157 | 157 | | NDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian Tribe’’ 8 |
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| 158 | 158 | | has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the 9 |
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| 159 | 159 | | Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 10 |
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| 160 | 160 | | Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 11 |
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| 161 | 161 | | (5) I |
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| 162 | 162 | | NSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION .—The 12 |
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| 163 | 163 | | term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the 13 |
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| 164 | 164 | | meaning given the term in section 101 of the Higher 14 |
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| 165 | 165 | | Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001). 15 |
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| 166 | 166 | | (6) N |
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| 167 | 167 | | ATIVE HAWAIIAN ORGANIZATION .—The 16 |
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| 168 | 168 | | term ‘‘Native Hawaiian organization’’— 17 |
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| 169 | 169 | | (A) means an organization that— 18 |
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| 170 | 170 | | (i) serves and represents the interests 19 |
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| 171 | 171 | | of Native Hawaiians; 20 |
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| 172 | 172 | | (ii) has as a primary and stated pur-21 |
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| 173 | 173 | | pose the provision of services to Native 22 |
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| 174 | 174 | | Hawaiians; and 23 |
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| 175 | 175 | | (iii) has expertise in Native Hawaiian 24 |
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| 176 | 176 | | affairs; and 25 |
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| 179 | 179 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 180 | 180 | | (B) includes Native Hawaiian organiza-1 |
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| 181 | 181 | | tions registered with the Office of Native Ha-2 |
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| 182 | 182 | | waiian Relations of the Department of the Inte-3 |
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| 183 | 183 | | rior. 4 |
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| 184 | 184 | | (7) N |
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| 185 | 185 | | ONPROFIT ORGANIZATION .—The term 5 |
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| 186 | 186 | | ‘‘nonprofit organization’’ means an organization— 6 |
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| 187 | 187 | | (A) described in section 501(c)(3) of the 7 |
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| 188 | 188 | | Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and 8 |
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| 189 | 189 | | (B) that is exempt from taxation under 9 |
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| 190 | 190 | | section 501(a) of that Code. 10 |
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| 191 | 191 | | (8) P |
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| 192 | 192 | | RIORITY SPECIES.—The term ‘‘priority 11 |
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| 193 | 193 | | species’’ means an aquatic species— 12 |
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| 194 | 194 | | (A) the genome of which has not been fully 13 |
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| 195 | 195 | | sequenced or is not publicly available; and 14 |
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| 196 | 196 | | (B) that is— 15 |
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| 197 | 197 | | (i) listed as a threatened species or as 16 |
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| 198 | 198 | | an endangered species pursuant to section 17 |
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| 199 | 199 | | 4 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 18 |
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| 200 | 200 | | (16 U.S.C. 1533); 19 |
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| 201 | 201 | | (ii) included in the Non-indigenous 20 |
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| 202 | 202 | | Aquatic Species database of the United 21 |
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| 203 | 203 | | States Geological Survey; 22 |
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| 204 | 204 | | (iii) listed in 1 of the Appendices of 23 |
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| 205 | 205 | | the Convention on International Trade in 24 |
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| 208 | 208 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 209 | 209 | | Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and 1 |
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| 210 | 210 | | Flora; 2 |
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| 211 | 211 | | (iv) a macroinvertebrate that acts as a 3 |
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| 212 | 212 | | biological indicator of aquatic ecosystem 4 |
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| 213 | 213 | | health; 5 |
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| 214 | 214 | | (v) a species that contributes to harm-6 |
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| 215 | 215 | | ful algal blooms or a foodborne illness de-7 |
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| 216 | 216 | | rived from eating seafood; 8 |
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| 217 | 217 | | (vi) a species of fish that is managed 9 |
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| 218 | 218 | | pursuant to the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery 10 |
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| 219 | 219 | | Conservation and Management Act (16 11 |
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| 220 | 220 | | U.S.C. 1801); 12 |
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| 221 | 221 | | (vii) an aquatic species of greatest 13 |
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| 222 | 222 | | conservation need; 14 |
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| 223 | 223 | | (viii) a species protected under the 15 |
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| 224 | 224 | | Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 16 |
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| 225 | 225 | | (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.); 17 |
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| 226 | 226 | | (ix) a species monitored under the 18 |
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| 227 | 227 | | Seafood Import Monitoring Program of the 19 |
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| 228 | 228 | | National Marine Fisheries Service; or 20 |
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| 229 | 229 | | (x) a look-alike species or a species 21 |
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| 230 | 230 | | that is morphologically or genetically close-22 |
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| 231 | 231 | | ly related to a species described in clauses 23 |
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| 232 | 232 | | (i) through (x). 24 |
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| 235 | 235 | | •HR 1332 IH |
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| 236 | 236 | | (9) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means 1 |
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| 237 | 237 | | the program established under subsection (a). 2 |
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| 238 | 238 | | (10) S |
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| 239 | 239 | | ECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ 3 |
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| 240 | 240 | | means the Secretary of Commerce. 4 |
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| 241 | 241 | | (11) S |
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| 242 | 242 | | TATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each of 5 |
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| 243 | 243 | | the several States, the District of Columbia, the 6 |
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| 244 | 244 | | Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, 7 |
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| 245 | 245 | | Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 8 |
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| 246 | 246 | | Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and 9 |
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| 247 | 247 | | any other territory or possession of the United 10 |
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| 248 | 248 | | States. 11 |
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| 249 | 249 | | (12) T |
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| 250 | 250 | | RIBAL GOVERNMENT .—The term ‘‘Tribal 12 |
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| 251 | 251 | | Government’’ means the recognized governing body 13 |
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| 252 | 252 | | of an Indian Tribe. 14 |
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| 253 | 253 | | (g) E |
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| 254 | 254 | | FFECTIVEDATE.—This section shall take effect 15 |
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| 255 | 255 | | on the date that is 180 days after the date of the enact-16 |
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| 256 | 256 | | ment of this section. 17 |
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| 257 | 257 | | Æ |
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