I
119THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION H. R. 1394
To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to define the term
natural cheese.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
FEBRUARY14, 2025
Mr. S
TEIL(for himself and Mr. COSTA) introduced the following bill; which
was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce
A BILL
To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to
define the term natural cheese.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Codifying Useful Regu-4
latory Definitions Act’’ or the ‘‘CURD Act’’. 5
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 6
Congress finds as follows: 7
(1) There is a need to define the term ‘‘natural 8
cheese’’ in order to maintain transparency and con-9
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sistency for consumers so that they may differen-1
tiate ‘‘natural cheese’’ from ‘‘process cheese’’. 2
(2) The term ‘‘natural cheese’’ has been used 3
within the cheese making industry for more than 50 4
years and is well-established. 5
SEC. 3. DEFINITION OF NATURAL CHEESE. 6
(a) D
EFINITION.—Section 201 of the Federal Food, 7
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321) is amended by 8
adding at the end the following: 9
‘‘(ss)(1) The term ‘natural cheese’ means cheese that 10
is a ripened or unripened soft, semi-soft, or hard product, 11
which may be coated, that is produced— 12
‘‘(A) by— 13
‘‘(i) coagulating wholly or partly the pro-14
tein of milk, skimmed milk, partly skimmed 15
milk, cream, whey cream, or buttermilk, or any 16
combination of such ingredients, through the 17
action of rennet or other suitable coagulating 18
agents, and by partially draining the whey re-19
sulting from the coagulation, while respecting 20
the principle that cheese-making results in a 21
concentration of milk protein (in particular, the 22
casein portion), and that consequently, the pro-23
tein content of the cheese will be distinctly 24
higher than the protein level of the blend of the 25
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•HR 1394 IH
above milk materials from which the cheese was 1
made; or 2
‘‘(ii) processing techniques involving coagu-3
lation of the protein of milk or products ob-4
tained from milk to produce an end-product 5
with similar physical, chemical, and organolep-6
tic characteristics as the product described in 7
subclause (i); and 8
‘‘(iii) including the addition of safe and 9
suitable non-milk derived ingredients of the 10
type permitted in the standards of identity de-11
scribed in clause (B) as natural cheese; or 12
‘‘(B) in accordance with standards of identity 13
under part 133 of title 21, Code of Federal Regula-14
tions (or any successor regulations), other than the 15
standards described in subparagraph (2) or any fu-16
ture standards adopted by the Secretary in accord-17
ance with subparagraph (2)(I). 18
‘‘(2) Such term does not include— 19
‘‘(A) pasteurized process cheeses as defined in 20
section 133.169, 133.170, or 133.171 of title 21, 21
Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regu-22
lations); 23
‘‘(B) pasteurized process cheese foods as de-24
fined in section 133.173 or 133.174 of title 21, Code 25
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of Federal Regulations (or any successor regula-1
tions); 2
‘‘(C) pasteurized cheese spreads as defined in 3
section 133.175, 133.176, or 133.178 of title 21, 4
Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regu-5
lations); 6
‘‘(D) pasteurized process cheese spreads as de-7
fined in section 133.179 or 133.180 of title 21, Code 8
of Federal Regulations (or any successor regula-9
tions); 10
‘‘(E) pasteurized blended cheeses as defined in 11
section 133.167 or 133.168 of title 21, Code of Fed-12
eral Regulations (or any successor regulations); 13
‘‘(F) any products comparable to any product 14
described in any of clauses (A) through (E); 15
‘‘(G) cold pack cheeses as defined in section 16
133.123, 133.124, or 133.125 title 21, Code of Fed-17
eral Regulations (or any successor regulations); 18
‘‘(H) grated American cheese food as defined in 19
section 133.147 of title 21, Code of Federal Regula-20
tions (or any successor regulations); or 21
‘‘(I) any other product the Secretary may des-22
ignate as a process cheese. 23
‘‘(3) For purposes of this paragraph, the term ‘milk’ 24
has the meaning given such term in section 133.3 of title 25
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21, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regula-1
tions) and includes the lacteal secretions from animals 2
other than cows.’’. 3
(b) L
ABELING.—Section 403 of the Federal Food, 4
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343) is amended by 5
adding at the end the following: 6
‘‘(z) If its label or labeling includes the term ‘natural 7
cheese’ as a factual descriptor of a category of cheese un-8
less the food meets the definition of natural cheese under 9
section 201(ss), except that nothing in this paragraph 10
shall prohibit the use of the term ‘natural’ or ‘all-natural’, 11
or a similar claim or statement with respect to a food in 12
a manner that is consistent with regulations, guidance, or 13
policy statements issued by the Secretary.’’. 14
(c) N
ATIONALUNIFORMITY.—Section 403A(a)(2) of 15
the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 16
343–1(a)(2)) is amended by striking ‘‘or 403(x)’’ and in-17
serting ‘‘403(x), or 403(z)’’. 18
Æ
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