1 | 1 | | I |
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2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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3 | 3 | | 1 |
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4 | 4 | | STSESSION H. R. 1438 |
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5 | 5 | | To prohibit the purchase or lease of agricultural land in the United States |
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6 | 6 | | by persons associated with certain foreign governments, and for other |
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7 | 7 | | purposes. |
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8 | 8 | | IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
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9 | 9 | | FEBRUARY18, 2025 |
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10 | 10 | | Mr. S |
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11 | 11 | | TRONG(for himself, Mr. THOMPSONof California, Mr. NUNNof Iowa, |
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12 | 12 | | Mr. M |
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13 | 13 | | OOLENAAR, Mr. LAWLER, Mr. DONALDS, Mr. HIGGINSof Lou- |
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14 | 14 | | isiana, Mr. M |
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15 | 15 | | OOREof Alabama, Mr. SCOTTFRANKLINof Florida, Mr. |
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16 | 16 | | R |
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17 | 17 | | OGERSof Alabama, Mr. ARRINGTON, Mr. MCGUIRE, and Mr. ADER- |
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18 | 18 | | HOLT) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee |
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19 | 19 | | on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Foreign Affairs, |
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20 | 20 | | and Intelligence (Permanent Select), for a period to be subsequently de- |
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21 | 21 | | termined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions |
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22 | 22 | | as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned |
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23 | 23 | | A BILL |
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24 | 24 | | To prohibit the purchase or lease of agricultural land in |
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25 | 25 | | the United States by persons associated with certain |
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26 | 26 | | foreign governments, and for other purposes. |
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27 | 27 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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28 | 28 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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29 | 29 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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30 | 30 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Protecting America’s 4 |
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31 | 31 | | Agricultural Land from Foreign Harm Act of 2025’’. 5 |
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33 | 33 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 2 |
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34 | 34 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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35 | 35 | | SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 1 |
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36 | 36 | | In this Act: 2 |
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37 | 37 | | (1) A |
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38 | 38 | | GRICULTURAL LAND.— 3 |
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39 | 39 | | (A) I |
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40 | 40 | | N GENERAL.—The term ‘‘agricultural 4 |
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41 | 41 | | land’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-5 |
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42 | 42 | | tion 9 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment 6 |
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43 | 43 | | Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508). 7 |
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44 | 44 | | (B) I |
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45 | 45 | | NCLUSION.—The term ‘‘agricultural 8 |
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46 | 46 | | land’’ includes land described in section 9(1) of 9 |
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47 | 47 | | the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure 10 |
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48 | 48 | | Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508(1)) that is used for 11 |
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49 | 49 | | ranching purposes. 12 |
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50 | 50 | | (2) C |
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51 | 51 | | OVERED PERSON.— 13 |
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52 | 52 | | (A) I |
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53 | 53 | | N GENERAL.—The term ‘‘covered per-14 |
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54 | 54 | | son’’ has the meaning given the term ‘‘person 15 |
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55 | 55 | | owned by, controlled by, or subject to the juris-16 |
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56 | 56 | | diction or direction of a foreign adversary’’ in 17 |
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57 | 57 | | section 7.2 of title 15, Code of Federal Regula-18 |
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58 | 58 | | tions (as in effect on the date of enactment of 19 |
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59 | 59 | | this Act), except that each reference to ‘‘foreign 20 |
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60 | 60 | | adversary’’ in that definition shall be deemed to 21 |
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61 | 61 | | be a reference to the Government of— 22 |
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62 | 62 | | (i) Iran; 23 |
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63 | 63 | | (ii) North Korea; 24 |
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64 | 64 | | (iii) the People’s Republic of China; or 25 |
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65 | 65 | | (iv) the Russian Federation. 26 |
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68 | 68 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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69 | 69 | | (B) EXCLUSIONS.—The term ‘‘covered per-1 |
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70 | 70 | | son’’ does not include a United States citizen or 2 |
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71 | 71 | | an alien lawfully admitted for permanent resi-3 |
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72 | 72 | | dence to the United States. 4 |
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73 | 73 | | (3) S |
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74 | 74 | | ECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 5 |
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75 | 75 | | the Secretary of Agriculture. 6 |
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76 | 76 | | (4) U |
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77 | 77 | | NITED STATES.—The term ‘‘United 7 |
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78 | 78 | | States’’ includes any State, territory, or possession 8 |
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79 | 79 | | of the United States. 9 |
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80 | 80 | | SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON PURCHASE OR LEASE OF AGRI-10 |
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81 | 81 | | CULTURAL LAND IN THE UNITED STATES BY 11 |
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82 | 82 | | PERSONS ASSOCIATED WITH CERTAIN FOR-12 |
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83 | 83 | | EIGN GOVERNMENTS. 13 |
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84 | 84 | | (a) I |
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85 | 85 | | NGENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provi-14 |
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86 | 86 | | sion of law, the President shall take such actions as may 15 |
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87 | 87 | | be necessary to prohibit the purchase or lease by covered 16 |
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88 | 88 | | persons of— 17 |
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89 | 89 | | (1) public agricultural land that is owned by the 18 |
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90 | 90 | | United States and administered by the head of any 19 |
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91 | 91 | | Federal department or agency, including the Sec-20 |
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92 | 92 | | retary, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Sec-21 |
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93 | 93 | | retary of Defense; or 22 |
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94 | 94 | | (2) private agricultural land located in the 23 |
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95 | 95 | | United States. 24 |
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98 | 98 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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99 | 99 | | (b) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may exercise 1 |
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100 | 100 | | all authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 2 |
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101 | 101 | | International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 3 |
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102 | 102 | | U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out subsection (a). 4 |
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103 | 103 | | (c) P |
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104 | 104 | | ENALTIES.—A person that knowingly violates, 5 |
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105 | 105 | | attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a viola-6 |
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106 | 106 | | tion of subsection (a) or any regulation, license, or order 7 |
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107 | 107 | | issued to carry out that subsection shall be subject to the 8 |
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108 | 108 | | penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 9 |
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109 | 109 | | 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 10 |
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110 | 110 | | (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that com-11 |
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111 | 111 | | mits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that 12 |
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112 | 112 | | section. 13 |
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113 | 113 | | (d) R |
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114 | 114 | | ULE OFCONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-14 |
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115 | 115 | | tion may be construed— 15 |
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116 | 116 | | (1) to prohibit or otherwise affect the purchase 16 |
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117 | 117 | | or lease of public or private agricultural land de-17 |
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118 | 118 | | scribed in subsection (a) by any person other than 18 |
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119 | 119 | | a covered person; 19 |
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120 | 120 | | (2) to prohibit or otherwise affect the use of 20 |
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121 | 121 | | public or private agricultural land described in sub-21 |
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122 | 122 | | section (a) that is transferred to or acquired by a 22 |
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123 | 123 | | person other than a covered person from a covered 23 |
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124 | 124 | | person; or 24 |
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127 | 127 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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128 | 128 | | (3) to require a covered person that owns or 1 |
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129 | 129 | | leases public or private agricultural land described in 2 |
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130 | 130 | | subsection (a) as of the date of enactment of this 3 |
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131 | 131 | | Act to sell that land. 4 |
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132 | 132 | | SEC. 4. PROHIBITION ON PARTICIPATION IN DEPARTMENT 5 |
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133 | 133 | | OF AGRICULTURE PROGRAMS BY PERSONS 6 |
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134 | 134 | | ASSOCIATED WITH CERTAIN FOREIGN GOV-7 |
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135 | 135 | | ERNMENTS. 8 |
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136 | 136 | | (a) I |
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137 | 137 | | NGENERAL.—Except as provided in subsection 9 |
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138 | 138 | | (b), notwithstanding any other provision of the law, the 10 |
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139 | 139 | | President shall take such actions as may be necessary to 11 |
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140 | 140 | | prohibit participation in Department of Agriculture pro-12 |
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141 | 141 | | grams by covered persons that have full or partial owner-13 |
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142 | 142 | | ship of agricultural land in the United States or lease agri-14 |
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143 | 143 | | cultural land in the United States. 15 |
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144 | 144 | | (b) E |
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145 | 145 | | XCLUSIONS.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to 16 |
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146 | 146 | | participation in any program— 17 |
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147 | 147 | | (1) relating to— 18 |
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148 | 148 | | (A) food inspection or any other food safe-19 |
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149 | 149 | | ty regulatory requirements; or 20 |
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150 | 150 | | (B) health and labor safety of individuals; 21 |
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151 | 151 | | or 22 |
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152 | 152 | | (2) administered by the Farm Service Agency, 23 |
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153 | 153 | | with respect to the administration of this Act or the 24 |
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156 | 156 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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157 | 157 | | Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1 |
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158 | 158 | | 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). 2 |
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159 | 159 | | (c) P |
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160 | 160 | | ROOF OFCITIZENSHIP.—To participate in a De-3 |
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161 | 161 | | partment of Agriculture program described in subsection 4 |
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162 | 162 | | (b) (except for a program under this Act or the Agricul-5 |
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163 | 163 | | tural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 6 |
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164 | 164 | | U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)), a person described in subparagraph 7 |
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165 | 165 | | (A) of section 2(2) that is a person described in subpara-8 |
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166 | 166 | | graph (B) of that section shall submit to the Secretary 9 |
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167 | 167 | | proof that the person is described in subparagraph (B) 10 |
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168 | 168 | | of that section. 11 |
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169 | 169 | | SEC. 5. AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN INVESTMENT DISCLO-12 |
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170 | 170 | | SURE. 13 |
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171 | 171 | | (a) I |
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172 | 172 | | NCLUSION OF SECURITYINTERESTS AND 14 |
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173 | 173 | | L |
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174 | 174 | | EASES INREPORTINGREQUIREMENTS.— 15 |
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175 | 175 | | (1) I |
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176 | 176 | | N GENERAL.—Section 9 of the Agricultural 16 |
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177 | 177 | | Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 17 |
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178 | 178 | | U.S.C. 3508) is amended— 18 |
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179 | 179 | | (A) by redesignating paragraphs (4) 19 |
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180 | 180 | | through (6) as paragraphs (5) through (7), re-20 |
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181 | 181 | | spectively; and 21 |
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182 | 182 | | (B) by inserting after paragraph (3) the 22 |
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183 | 183 | | following: 23 |
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184 | 184 | | ‘‘(4) the term ‘interest’ includes— 24 |
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185 | 185 | | ‘‘(A) a security interest; and 25 |
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188 | 188 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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189 | 189 | | ‘‘(B) a lease, without regard to the dura-1 |
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190 | 190 | | tion of the lease;’’. 2 |
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191 | 191 | | (2) C |
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192 | 192 | | ONFORMING AMENDMENT .—Section 2 of 3 |
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193 | 193 | | the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act 4 |
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194 | 194 | | of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501) is amended by striking ‘‘, 5 |
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195 | 195 | | other than a security interest,’’ each place it ap-6 |
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196 | 196 | | pears. 7 |
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197 | 197 | | (b) C |
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198 | 198 | | IVILPENALTY.—Section 3 of the Agricultural 8 |
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199 | 199 | | Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 9 |
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200 | 200 | | 3502) is amended— 10 |
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201 | 201 | | (1) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘exceed 25 11 |
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202 | 202 | | percent’’ and inserting ‘‘be less than 15 percent, or 12 |
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203 | 203 | | exceed 30 percent,’’; and 13 |
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204 | 204 | | (2) by adding at the end the following: 14 |
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205 | 205 | | ‘‘(c) L |
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206 | 206 | | IENS.—On imposing a penalty under sub-15 |
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207 | 207 | | section (a), the Secretary shall ensure that a lien is placed 16 |
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208 | 208 | | on the agricultural land with respect to which the violation 17 |
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209 | 209 | | occurred, which shall be released only on payment of the 18 |
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210 | 210 | | penalty.’’. 19 |
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211 | 211 | | (c) T |
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212 | 212 | | RANSPARENCY.—Section 7 of the Agricultural 20 |
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213 | 213 | | Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 21 |
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214 | 214 | | 3506) is amended to read as follows: 22 |
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215 | 215 | | ‘‘SEC. 7. PUBLIC DATA SETS. 23 |
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216 | 216 | | ‘‘(a) I |
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217 | 217 | | NGENERAL.—The Secretary shall publish in 24 |
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218 | 218 | | the internet database established under section 742 of di-25 |
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221 | 221 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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222 | 222 | | vision B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 (7 1 |
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223 | 223 | | U.S.C. 3501 note; Public Law 118–42) human-readable 2 |
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224 | 224 | | and machine-readable data sets that— 3 |
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225 | 225 | | ‘‘(1) contain all data that the Secretary pos-4 |
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226 | 226 | | sesses relating to reporting under this Act from each 5 |
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227 | 227 | | report submitted to the Secretary under section 2; 6 |
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228 | 228 | | and 7 |
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229 | 229 | | ‘‘(2) as soon as practicable, but not later than 8 |
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230 | 230 | | 30 days, after the date of receipt of any report 9 |
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231 | 231 | | under section 2, shall be updated with the data from 10 |
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232 | 232 | | that report. 11 |
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233 | 233 | | ‘‘(b) I |
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234 | 234 | | NCLUDEDDATA.—The data sets established 12 |
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235 | 235 | | under subsection (a) shall include— 13 |
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236 | 236 | | ‘‘(1) a description of— 14 |
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237 | 237 | | ‘‘(A) the purchase price paid for, or any 15 |
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238 | 238 | | other consideration given for, each interest in 16 |
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239 | 239 | | agricultural land for which a report is sub-17 |
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240 | 240 | | mitted under section 2; and 18 |
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241 | 241 | | ‘‘(B) updated estimated values of each in-19 |
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242 | 242 | | terest in agricultural land described in subpara-20 |
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243 | 243 | | graph (A), as that information is made avail-21 |
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244 | 244 | | able to the Secretary, based on the most re-22 |
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245 | 245 | | cently assessed value of the agricultural land or 23 |
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246 | 246 | | another comparable method determined by the 24 |
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247 | 247 | | Secretary; and 25 |
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250 | 250 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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251 | 251 | | ‘‘(2) with respect to any agricultural land for 1 |
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252 | 252 | | which a report is submitted under section 2, updated 2 |
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253 | 253 | | descriptions of each foreign person who holds an in-3 |
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254 | 254 | | terest in at least 1 percent of the agricultural land, 4 |
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255 | 255 | | as that information is made available to the Sec-5 |
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256 | 256 | | retary, categorized as a majority owner or a minor-6 |
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257 | 257 | | ity owner that holds an interest in the agricultural 7 |
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258 | 258 | | land.’’. 8 |
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259 | 259 | | (d) D |
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260 | 260 | | EFINITION OFFOREIGNPERSON.—Section 9(3) 9 |
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261 | 261 | | of the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 10 |
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262 | 262 | | 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508(3)) is amended— 11 |
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263 | 263 | | (1) in subparagraph (C)(ii)(IV), by striking 12 |
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264 | 264 | | ‘‘and’’ at the end; 13 |
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265 | 265 | | (2) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ‘‘and’’ 14 |
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266 | 266 | | after the semicolon; and 15 |
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267 | 267 | | (3) by adding at the end the following: 16 |
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268 | 268 | | ‘‘(E) any person, other than an individual 17 |
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269 | 269 | | or a government, that issues equity securities 18 |
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270 | 270 | | that are primarily traded on a foreign securities 19 |
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271 | 271 | | exchange within— 20 |
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272 | 272 | | ‘‘(i) Iran; 21 |
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273 | 273 | | ‘‘(ii) North Korea; 22 |
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274 | 274 | | ‘‘(iii) the People’s Republic of China; 23 |
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275 | 275 | | or 24 |
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276 | 276 | | ‘‘(iv) the Russian Federation;’’. 25 |
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279 | 279 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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280 | 280 | | SEC. 6. REPORTS. 1 |
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281 | 281 | | (a) R |
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282 | 282 | | EPORTFROM THESECRETARY ON FOREIGN 2 |
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283 | 283 | | O |
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284 | 284 | | WNERSHIP OF AGRICULTURALLAND IN THEUNITED 3 |
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285 | 285 | | S |
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286 | 286 | | TATES.— 4 |
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287 | 287 | | (1) I |
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288 | 288 | | N GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 5 |
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289 | 289 | | the date of enactment of this Act, and once every 2 6 |
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290 | 290 | | years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Con-7 |
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291 | 291 | | gress a report describing— 8 |
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292 | 292 | | (A) the risks and benefits, as determined 9 |
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293 | 293 | | by the Secretary, that are associated with for-10 |
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294 | 294 | | eign ownership or lease of agricultural land in 11 |
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295 | 295 | | rural areas (as defined in section 520 of the 12 |
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296 | 296 | | Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1490)); 13 |
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297 | 297 | | (B) the intended and unintended misrepre-14 |
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298 | 298 | | sentation of foreign land ownership in the an-15 |
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299 | 299 | | nual reports prepared by the Secretary describ-16 |
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300 | 300 | | ing foreign holdings of agricultural land due to 17 |
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301 | 301 | | inaccurate reporting of foreign holdings of agri-18 |
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302 | 302 | | cultural land; 19 |
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303 | 303 | | (C) the specific work that the Secretary 20 |
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304 | 304 | | has undertaken to monitor erroneous reporting 21 |
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305 | 305 | | required by the Agricultural Foreign Invest-22 |
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306 | 306 | | ment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et 23 |
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307 | 307 | | seq.) that would result in a violation or civil 24 |
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308 | 308 | | penalty; and 25 |
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311 | 311 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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312 | 312 | | (D) the role of State and local government 1 |
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313 | 313 | | authorities in tracking foreign ownership of ag-2 |
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314 | 314 | | ricultural land in the United States. 3 |
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315 | 315 | | (2) P |
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316 | 316 | | ROTECTION OF INFORMATION .—In car-4 |
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317 | 317 | | rying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall estab-5 |
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318 | 318 | | lish a plan to ensure the protection of personally 6 |
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319 | 319 | | identifiable information. 7 |
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320 | 320 | | (b) R |
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321 | 321 | | EPORTFROM THEDIRECTOR OFNATIONALIN-8 |
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322 | 322 | | TELLIGENCE ON FOREIGNOWNERSHIP OF AGRICUL-9 |
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323 | 323 | | TURALLAND IN THEUNITEDSTATES.— 10 |
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324 | 324 | | (1) I |
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325 | 325 | | N GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 11 |
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326 | 326 | | the date of enactment of this Act, and once every 2 12 |
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327 | 327 | | years thereafter, the Director of National Intel-13 |
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328 | 328 | | ligence shall submit to the congressional recipients 14 |
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329 | 329 | | described in paragraph (2) a report describing— 15 |
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330 | 330 | | (A) an analysis of foreign malign influence 16 |
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331 | 331 | | (as defined in section 119C(e) of the National 17 |
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332 | 332 | | Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3059(e))) by 18 |
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333 | 333 | | covered persons that have foreign ownership in 19 |
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334 | 334 | | the United States agriculture industry; and 20 |
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335 | 335 | | (B) the primary motives, as determined by 21 |
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336 | 336 | | the Director of National Intelligence, of foreign 22 |
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337 | 337 | | investors to acquire agricultural land. 23 |
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340 | 340 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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341 | 341 | | (2) CONGRESSIONAL RECIPIENTS DESCRIBED .— 1 |
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342 | 342 | | The report under paragraph (1) shall be submitted 2 |
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343 | 343 | | to— 3 |
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344 | 344 | | (A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 4 |
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345 | 345 | | and Urban Affairs of the Senate; 5 |
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346 | 346 | | (B) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutri-6 |
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347 | 347 | | tion, and Forestry of the Senate; 7 |
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348 | 348 | | (C) the Select Committee on Intelligence of 8 |
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349 | 349 | | the Senate; 9 |
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350 | 350 | | (D) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 10 |
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351 | 351 | | the Senate; 11 |
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352 | 352 | | (E) the Committee on Financial Services 12 |
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353 | 353 | | of the House of Representatives; 13 |
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354 | 354 | | (F) the Committee on Agriculture of the 14 |
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355 | 355 | | House of Representatives; 15 |
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356 | 356 | | (G) the Permanent Select Committee on 16 |
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357 | 357 | | Intelligence of the House of Representatives; 17 |
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358 | 358 | | (H) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 18 |
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359 | 359 | | the House of Representatives; 19 |
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360 | 360 | | (I) the majority leader of the Senate; 20 |
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361 | 361 | | (J) the minority leader of the Senate; 21 |
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362 | 362 | | (K) the Speaker of the House of Rep-22 |
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363 | 363 | | resentatives; and 23 |
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364 | 364 | | (L) the minority leader of the House of 24 |
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365 | 365 | | Representatives. 25 |
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367 | 367 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 13 |
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368 | 368 | | •HR 1438 IH |
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369 | 369 | | (3) CLASSIFICATION.—The report under para-1 |
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370 | 370 | | graph (1) shall be submitted in an unclassified form, 2 |
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371 | 371 | | but may include a classified annex. 3 |
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372 | 372 | | (c) G |
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373 | 373 | | OVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICERE-4 |
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374 | 374 | | PORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 5 |
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375 | 375 | | of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 6 |
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376 | 376 | | shall submit to Congress a report describing— 7 |
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377 | 377 | | (1) a review of resources, staffing, and expertise 8 |
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378 | 378 | | for carrying out the Agricultural Foreign Investment 9 |
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379 | 379 | | Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), and 10 |
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380 | 380 | | enforcement issues limiting the effectiveness of that 11 |
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381 | 381 | | Act; and 12 |
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382 | 382 | | (2) any recommended necessary changes to that 13 |
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383 | 383 | | Act. 14 |
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384 | 384 | | Æ |
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386 | 386 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB |
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