I
119THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION H. R. 1557
To implement title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 with respect
to elementary and secondary schools, and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
FEBRUARY25, 2025
Mr. C
ASTEN(for himself, Ms. LOISFRANKELof Florida, Mrs. HAYES, and
Ms. T
ITUS) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on Education and Workforce
A BILL
To implement title IX of the Education Amendments of
1972 with respect to elementary and secondary schools,
and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Stop Sexual Harass-4
ment in K–12 Act’’. 5
SEC. 2. TITLE IX COORDINATOR. 6
(a) I
NGENERAL.—For each local educational agency 7
that receives Federal financial assistance, the following re-8
quirements shall apply: 9
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(1) The recipient shall increase the number of 1
full-time employees designated to serve as a Title IX 2
Coordinator by at least one per— 3
(A) 75,000 students in 7th grade or above 4
served by the recipient; and 5
(B) 150,000 students in 6th grade or 6
below served by the recipient. 7
(2) The recipient shall ensure that students, 8
parents and guardians of students, and staff are 9
made aware of these employees, their role, and the 10
times at which they are available to meet. 11
(3) A Title IX Coordinator shall not have any 12
other school-related responsibilities that may create 13
a conflict of interest, including serving in the school 14
administrative leadership or local educational agency 15
administrative leadership (such as serving as a prin-16
cipal, vice principal, headmaster, superintendent, 17
board member, general counsel, or athletics direc-18
tor). 19
(4) A Title IX Coordinator, along with a prin-20
cipal, campus security, bus driver, teacher, counselor 21
or social worker, equity officer, coach, or any other 22
staff member, shall be considered an appropriate 23
person to whom to disclose discrimination on the 24
basis of sex for purposes of the legal standards 25
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under title IX of the Education Amendments of 1
1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.). 2
(b) D
UTIES.—Each Title IX Coordinator for a local 3
educational agency shall ensure the local educational agen-4
cy’s compliance under Federal policies against discrimina-5
tion on the basis of sex, including title IX of the Education 6
Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), by doing 7
the following: 8
(1) Providing information and outreach so that 9
every individual receives sufficient and accessible in-10
formation designed to make them aware of their 11
rights under Federal, State, and local laws and poli-12
cies against discrimination on the basis of sex, in-13
cluding title IX of the Education Amendments of 14
1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) and the regulations 15
promulgated to carry out such title, and that the 16
local educational agency and its employees comply 17
with those laws and policies, including receiving 18
training on the laws and policies. 19
(2) Ensuring that notices of nondiscrimination, 20
relevant policies and grievance procedures, and cur-21
rent contact information of all Title IX Coordinators 22
are disseminated broadly and in an age-appropriate 23
manner accessible to all students, parents, guard-24
ians, and employees and applicants for admission or 25
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employment, including prominently on school 1
websites and in school handbooks. 2
(3) Monitoring complaints alleging discrimina-3
tion based on sex (including sexual orientation, gen-4
der identity, sex characteristics (including intersex 5
traits), pregnancy or related conditions, a medical 6
condition related to domestic violence, dating vio-7
lence, sexual assault, stalking, pregnancy or related 8
conditions, and a sex stereotype), domestic violence, 9
dating violence, sexual assault, sexual violence, stalk-10
ing, and sex-based harassment, including supportive 11
measures offered to complainants, reasonable accom-12
modations for complainants and respondents with 13
disabilities, and the outcomes of complaints. 14
(4) Identifying patterns of discrimination on 15
the basis of sex from complaints and addressing its 16
impact on the school community. 17
(5) Monitoring the education program or activ-18
ity for barriers to reporting information about con-19
duct that may constitute discrimination on the basis 20
of sex and taking steps reasonably calculated to ad-21
dress such barriers. 22
(6) Coordinating dissemination, collection, and 23
analysis of climate surveys, including the survey de-24
scribed in section 4, and identifying and proactively 25
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addressing discrimination on the basis of sex in the 1
local educational agency based on the results of cli-2
mate surveys. 3
(7) Overseeing age-appropriate, accessible, and 4
trauma-informed annual sex-based harassment pre-5
vention education and training for students, employ-6
ees, volunteers, contractors, and other government 7
employees who work in or with the local educational 8
agency. 9
(8) Ensuring that prevention education and 10
training is inclusive of diverse communities and 11
identities, informed by research, and conducted in 12
partnership with local rape crisis centers, State sex-13
ual assault coalitions or domestic violence coalitions, 14
or community organizations that work on addressing 15
discrimination on the basis of sex, including sex- 16
based harassment in schools. 17
(c) W
AIVERAUTHORIZED.— 18
(1) I
N GENERAL.—A local educational agency 19
that receives Federal financial assistance may re-20
quest a waiver from the Secretary of one or more of 21
the requirements under thus section on the basis 22
that the requirement poses an insurmountable finan-23
cial burden to the recipient and the recipient has 24
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been unable to secure sufficient grants under sub-1
section (d). 2
(2) A
LTERNATIVE PLAN.—The waiver process 3
shall include requiring the recipient to submit an al-4
ternative plan for ensuring students are aware of 5
their rights under title IX of the Education Amend-6
ments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) and have 7
access to a Title IX Coordinator. At the very min-8
imum within their alternative plan, the recipient 9
shall establish a partnership, through a memo-10
randum of understanding, with a local rape crisis 11
center or a national or community-based organiza-12
tion that specializes in trauma or crisis management 13
and support. The memorandum of understanding 14
shall establish a clear delineation of the roles and re-15
sponsibilities of the partners, which shall also in-16
clude providing prevention training and supporting 17
measures when addressing reports about incidents of 18
sex-based harassment. 19
(3) F
AILURE TO FOLLOW ALTERNATIVE 20
PLAN.—If the Secretary determines (based on a sub-21
mitted complaint or otherwise) that a recipient has 22
such a waiver approved but has not followed their al-23
ternative plan, or if the Secretary determines that 24
their plan was insufficient to prevent and respond to 25
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sex-based harassment and assault, the Secretary 1
shall attempt a voluntary resolution. If a voluntary 2
resolution is not possible during a reasonable period 3
of time, the Secretary shall take such action as may 4
be appropriate to withhold Federal financial assist-5
ance. A waiver granted under this subsection shall 6
be valid for 2 years. 7
(d) G
RANTS.—To carry out this section, there are au-8
thorized to be appropriated such sums as may be nec-9
essary for each of the first five fiscal years that begin after 10
the effective date in subsection (e) for grants to local edu-11
cational agencies to offset the financial burden of satis-12
fying the requirements of this section. In making grants 13
under this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to 14
local educational agencies that otherwise would face a high 15
financial burden in fulfilling such requirements. 16
(e) E
FFECTIVEDATE.—This section shall take effect 17
1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act. 18
SEC. 3. GRANTS FOR TRAINING ON HOW TO RESPOND TO 19
SIGNS OF SEX-BASED HARASSMENT AND AS-20
SAULT OF STUDENTS. 21
(a) I
NGENERAL.—The Secretary is authorized to 22
make grants to local educational agencies to train elemen-23
tary school and secondary school teachers and other school 24
staff on how to prevent, recognize, and respond to signs 25
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of sex-based harassment and assault among students or 1
between students and adults. 2
(b) A
PPLICATIONS.— 3
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Any local educational agency 4
desiring to receive a grant under this section for any 5
fiscal year shall submit an application to the Sec-6
retary at such time and in such manner as the Sec-7
retary may require. Each such application shall— 8
(A) include a plan to provide the training 9
described in subsection (a); and 10
(B) demonstrate how the grant funds will 11
be used to meet the needs for such training. 12
(2) D
EADLINE.—The Secretary shall award 13
grants under this section not later than 6 months 14
after the deadline for grant application submission 15
established under paragraph (1). 16
(c) E
QUITABLEDISTRIBUTION.—To the extent prac-17
ticable, in awarding grants under this section, the Sec-18
retary shall— 19
(1) ensure an equitable geographic distribution 20
of grants under this section, including the distribu-21
tion of such grants between rural and urban areas; 22
and 23
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(2) give priority to local educational agencies 1
that have jurisdiction over an underserved area or 2
areas. 3
(d) P
RIORITIES.—In allocating funds to local edu-4
cational agencies under this section, the Secretary shall 5
consider the quality of the applications submitted, but the 6
Secretary shall give priority to local educational agencies 7
whose applications include any of the following: 8
(1) A demonstration that the applicant does not 9
receive other Federal, State, or local funds to carry 10
out the activities described in this section. 11
(2) Statements of support from students or stu-12
dent groups. 13
(e) S
UPPLEMENT, NOTSUPPLANT.—Grant funds 14
provided under this section shall be used to supplement, 15
not supplant, other Federal or State funds available to 16
carry out the activities described in this section. 17
(f) A
UTHORIZATION OFAPPROPRIATIONS.—To carry 18
out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated 19
to the Secretary of Education $50,000,000 for each of the 20
first five fiscal years that begin after the date of the enact-21
ment of this Act. 22
SEC. 4. SEX-BASED HARASSMENT SURVEYS. 23
(a) S
EX-BASEDHARASSMENTSURVEY.— 24
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Education, 1
in consultation with the Attorney General and the 2
Director of the Centers for Disease Control of the 3
Department of Health and Human Services, shall 4
develop an empirically validated sex-based harass-5
ment survey to be conducted on an anonymous basis 6
of elementary school and secondary school students 7
and staff. The survey shall assess, for the preceding 8
calendar year for which data is available, instances 9
of sex-based harassment carried out by students or 10
staff, including instances of sex-based harassment 11
that occur off school property and that involve online 12
conduct. The Secretary shall ensure that the survey 13
questions vary between staff and students and for 14
different age groups in order to ensure that the 15
questions are developmentally appropriate. 16
(2) D
EVELOPMENT OF ADMINISTRATION MECH -17
ANISM.—The Secretary of Education, in consultation 18
with the Attorney General and the Director of the 19
Centers for Disease Control of the Department of 20
Health and Human Services, shall develop a mecha-21
nism by which local educational agencies may, with 22
respect to the survey developed pursuant to this sec-23
tion— 24
(A) administer such survey; and 25
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(B) modify such survey to include addi-1
tional elements or requirements, as determined 2
by the agency. 3
(3) L
OCAL ADMINISTRATION.— 4
(A) I
N GENERAL.—Beginning not later 5
than 2 years after the date on which the Sec-6
retary of Education makes available to local 7
educational agencies the mechanism described 8
in paragraph (2), and every year thereafter, 9
each local educational agency that receives Fed-10
eral financial assistance shall administer the 11
survey developed pursuant to this section to ele-12
mentary school and secondary school students 13
and staff. 14
(B) A
CCESSIBILITY.—Local educational 15
agencies shall ensure that the survey is admin-16
istered in such a way as to be readily accessible 17
to, and usable by, individuals with disabilities. 18
(b) R
EQUIREMENTS.—The survey developed pursu-19
ant to this section— 20
(1) shall be fair and unbiased, be reliable, be 21
trauma-informed, meet the highest standards of sur-22
vey research, and notify the participant using age- 23
appropriate language that anonymized results of the 24
survey may be published; and 25
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(2) shall ensure that the responses to the sur-1
vey questions— 2
(A) are collected by individuals who are 3
not in daily or close contact with the students; 4
and 5
(B) in a case in which such responses are 6
included in a report, do not include personally 7
identifiable information. 8
(c) S
TATISTICS.—Beginning 6 months after the re-9
sults of the first survey developed pursuant to this section 10
are available, the Secretary of Education, in consultation 11
with the Attorney General and the Director of the Centers 12
for Disease Control of the Department of Health and 13
Human Services, shall compile statistics based upon their 14
analysis of the results of such survey. Such officials shall 15
update, conduct, and compile the results of, the survey 16
every 2 years thereafter. The compiled statistics should 17
be disaggregated by local educational agency, except that 18
such disaggregation shall not be required in the case of 19
a local educational agency of a size such that the results 20
would reveal personally identifiable information about an 21
individual student, in which case, an alternate basis for 22
disaggregation shall be selected. 23
(d) P
UBLICAVAILABILITY.—The statistics compiled 24
under subsection (c) shall be made publicly available on 25
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the website of the Department of Education and readily 1
accessible to and usable by individuals, including individ-2
uals with disabilities. 3
(e) O
PTIONS.—The survey shall give— 4
(1) students the option to report their demo-5
graphic information; and 6
(2) parents and guardians of students the op-7
tion to opt their student out of the survey. 8
(f) T
OPICS.—Survey questions included in the survey 9
tool developed pursuant to this section— 10
(1) shall be designed to gather information on 11
student experiences with sex-based harassment; 12
(2) shall use trauma-informed language to pre-13
vent re-traumatization; and 14
(3) subject to subsection (a), shall address— 15
(A) whether the instances of sex-based 16
harassment described were experienced in-per-17
son or through electronic means; 18
(B) the effectiveness of school sexual vio-19
lence awareness and prevention programs and 20
policies for the overall student body and dif-21
ferent student populations, such as students of 22
color, students in the LGBTQ communities, im-23
migrant students, pregnant and parenting stu-24
dents, and students with disabilities; 25
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(C) students’ awareness of school policies 1
and procedures, including the location and proc-2
ess for accessing school resources, such as a 3
Title IX Coordinator designated by the school 4
pursuant to title IX of the Education Amend-5
ments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) and the 6
regulations promulgated to carry out such title; 7
(D) whether individuals impacted by sex- 8
based harassment have experienced negative ef-9
fects on their education, including diminished 10
grades, dropped classes, or leaves of absence; 11
(E) whether the alleged discrimination on 12
the basis of sex or sex-based harassment was 13
allegedly committed by a student, school em-14
ployee, or volunteer and other contextual fac-15
tors; 16
(F) whether individuals impacted by sex- 17
based harassment reported or did not report the 18
incident to the school; 19
(G) if such an individual did so report to 20
the school, to whom they reported, and what re-21
sponse the survivor received to include being in-22
formed of, or referred to, national, State, local, 23
tribal, or resources; 24
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(H) if such an individual reported to the 1
school— 2
(i) did the school conduct an inves-3
tigation; 4
(ii) if an investigation was conducted, 5
how long did the investigation take; and 6
(iii) if an investigation was conducted, 7
what was the final resolution of the inves-8
tigation; 9
(I) if such an individual did so report, 10
whether they experienced retaliation following 11
the reporting; 12
(J) attitudes toward sexual violence and 13
harassment, including individuals’ willingness to 14
intervene as a bystander of sex-based, race- 15
based, national-origin-based, sexual-orientation- 16
based, gender-identity-based, and disability- 17
based discrimination, harassment, assault, do-18
mestic violence, dating violence, and stalking; 19
(K) perception of school safety and con-20
fidence in the school’s ability to appropriately 21
address sex-based, race-based, national-origin- 22
based, sexual-orientation-based, gender-identity- 23
based, and disability-based discrimination, har-24
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assment, assault, domestic violence, dating vio-1
lence, and stalking; and 2
(L) any other issues relating to sex-based, 3
race-based, national-origin-based, sexual-ori-4
entation-based, gender-identity-based, and dis-5
ability-based discrimination, harassment, as-6
sault, domestic violence, dating violence, and 7
stalking, as appropriate. 8
(g) C
OMPLETEDSURVEYS.—The Secretary of Edu-9
cation shall require each local educational agency that ad-10
ministers the survey tool developed pursuant to this sec-11
tion to ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that 12
an adequate, random, and representative sample size of 13
students (as determined by the Secretary) enrolled at ele-14
mentary schools and secondary schools under the jurisdic-15
tion of the agency complete the survey tool developed pur-16
suant to this section. 17
(h) R
EPORTS.—Beginning not later than 5 years 18
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 19
of Education— 20
(1) shall prepare an annual report on the infor-21
mation gained from the standardized elements of the 22
survey under this section and publish such report in 23
an accessible format on the website of the Depart-24
ment of Education, including as part of any online 25
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consumer tool offered or supported by the Depart-1
ment of Education that provides information to stu-2
dents regarding specific educational institutions; and 3
(2) shall submit such report to the Congress. 4
(i) A
UTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 5
are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry 6
out this section for each of the first five fiscal years that 7
begin after the date of the enactment of this Act. 8
SEC. 5. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 9
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to preempt, 10
invalidate, or limit rights, remedies, procedures, or legal 11
standards available to victims of discrimination or retalia-12
tion under any other Federal law or law of a State or polit-13
ical subdivision of a State, including titles VI and VII of 14
the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.), 15
title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 16
1681 et seq.), section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 17
1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the Americans with Disabilities Act 18
of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), or section 1979 of the 19
Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1983). The obligations im-20
posed by this Act are in addition to those imposed by those 21
Acts. 22
SEC. 6. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 23
It is the sense of the Congress that it is valuable for 24
students to have access to confidential reporting of sex- 25
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based harassment and abuse, and schools should attempt 1
to provide that to the extent possible in accordance with 2
State and local laws. 3
SEC. 7. DEFINITIONS. 4
In this Act: 5
(1) The term ‘‘dating violence’’ has the mean-6
ing given the term in section 40002(a) of the Vio-7
lence Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 8
12291(a)). 9
(2) The term ‘‘discrimination on the basis of 10
sex’’ includes discrimination on the basis of sex 11
stereotypes, sex characteristics, pregnancy or related 12
conditions, sexual orientation, and gender identity. 13
(3) The term ‘‘domestic violence’’ has the 14
meaning given the term in section 40002(a) of the 15
Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 16
12291(a)). 17
(4) The term ‘‘elementary school’’ means— 18
(A) an elementary school as defined by sec-19
tion 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 20
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801); and 21
(B) a public or private preschool. 22
(5) The term ‘‘Federal financial assistance’’ 23
means any of the following, when authorized or ex-24
tended under a law administered by the Secretary: 25
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(A) A grant or loan of Federal financial 1
assistance, including funds made available for— 2
(i) the acquisition, construction, ren-3
ovation, restoration, or repair of a building 4
or facility or any portion thereof; and 5
(ii) scholarships, loans, grants, wages 6
or other funds extended to any entity for 7
payment to or on behalf of students admit-8
ted to that entity, or extended directly to 9
such students for payment to that entity. 10
(B) A grant of Federal real or personal 11
property or any interest therein, including sur-12
plus property, and the proceeds of the sale or 13
transfer of such property, if the Federal share 14
of the fair market value of the property is not, 15
upon such sale or transfer, properly accounted 16
for to the Federal Government. 17
(C) Provision of the services of Federal 18
personnel. 19
(D) Sale or lease of Federal property or 20
any interest therein at nominal consideration, 21
or at consideration reduced for the purpose of 22
assisting the recipient or in recognition of pub-23
lic interest to be served thereby, or permission 24
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to use Federal property or any interest therein 1
without consideration. 2
(E) Any other contract, agreement, or ar-3
rangement which has as one of its purposes the 4
provision of assistance to any education pro-5
gram or activity, except a contract of insurance 6
or guaranty. 7
(6) The term ‘‘institution of vocational edu-8
cation’’ means a school or institution (except an in-9
stitution of professional or graduate or under-10
graduate higher education) which has as its primary 11
purpose preparation of students to pursue a tech-12
nical, skilled, or semiskilled occupation or trade, or 13
to pursue study in a technical field, whether or not 14
the school or institution offers certificates, diplomas, 15
or degrees and whether or not it offers full-time 16
study. 17
(7) The term ‘‘local educational agency’’ has 18
the meaning given such term in section 8101 of the 19
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 20
(8 U.S.C. 7801). 21
(8) The term ‘‘pregnancy or related conditions’’ 22
includes pregnancy, childbirth, termination of preg-23
nancy, lactation, miscarriage, fertility care, contra-24
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ceptive care, and related medical care and condi-1
tions, including recovery from such conditions. 2
(9) The term ‘‘recipient’’ means any State or 3
political subdivision thereof, or any instrumentality 4
of a State or political subdivision thereof, any public 5
or private agency, institution, or organization, or 6
other entity, or any person, to whom Federal finan-7
cial assistance is extended directly or through an-8
other recipient and which operates an education pro-9
gram or activity which receives such assistance, in-10
cluding any subunit, successor, assignee, or trans-11
feree thereof. 12
(10) The term ‘‘secondary school’’ means— 13
(A) a secondary school as defined by sec-14
tion 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 15
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801); and 16
(B) an institution of vocational education 17
that serves secondary school students. 18
(11) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary 19
of Education. 20
(12) The term ‘‘sex-based harassment’’ includes 21
the following: 22
(A) Sexual assault, domestic violence, dat-23
ing violence, or stalking. 24
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(B) Unwelcome conduct, including indirect 1
or nonverbal conduct, of a sexual nature, in-2
cluding conduct undertaken in whole or in part 3
through the use of electronic messaging serv-4
ices, commercial mobile services, electronic com-5
munications, or other technology. 6
(C) Other conduct on the basis of sex that 7
is one of the following: 8
(i) Conduct that negatively alters a 9
person’s ability to participate in or receive 10
any aid, benefit, service, or opportunity 11
from an education program or activity that 12
receives Federal financial assistance, in-13
cluding by creating an intimidating, hos-14
tile, or offensive environment. 15
(ii) Conduct carried out by an em-16
ployee, agent, or other person authorized 17
by the recipient to provide any aid, benefit, 18
service, or opportunity under the recipi-19
ent’s education program or activity that in-20
volves such employee, agent, or other per-21
son explicitly or impliedly conditioning the 22
provision of such an aid, benefit, service, 23
or opportunity on a person’s participation 24
in sexual conduct, regardless of whether 25
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the person submits to or rejects such con-1
duct. 2
(13) The term ‘‘sexual assault’’ means an of-3
fense classified as a forcible or nonforcible sex of-4
fense under the uniform crime reporting system of 5
the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 6
(14) The term ‘‘stalking’’ means engaging in a 7
course of conduct directed at a specific person that 8
would cause a reasonable person to— 9
(A) fear for the person’s safety or the safe-10
ty of others; or 11
(B) suffer substantial emotional distress. 12
(15) The term ‘‘Title IX Coordinator’’ means— 13
(A) the employee of a recipient designated 14
or authorized to coordinate the recipient’s ef-15
forts to comply with its responsibilities under 16
title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 17
(20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) and the regulations 18
promulgated to carry out such title; or 19
(B) one or more designees selected to carry 20
out some of the recipient’s responsibilities for 21
compliance with title IX of the Education 22
Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), 23
and the regulations promulgated to carry out 24
such title, under the condition that one Title IX 25
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Coordinator must retain ultimate oversight over 1
those responsibilities. 2
Æ
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