| 1 | 1 | | I |
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| 2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION H. R. 156 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To ensure election integrity and security by establishing consistent photo |
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| 6 | 6 | | identification requirements for voting in elections for Federal office, |
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| 7 | 7 | | and for other purposes. |
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| 8 | 8 | | IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
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| 9 | 9 | | JANUARY3, 2025 |
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| 10 | 10 | | Mr. F |
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| 11 | 11 | | ITZPATRICKintroduced the following bill; which was referred to the |
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| 12 | 12 | | Committee on House Administration |
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| 13 | 13 | | A BILL |
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| 14 | 14 | | To ensure election integrity and security by establishing con- |
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| 15 | 15 | | sistent photo identification requirements for voting in |
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| 16 | 16 | | elections for Federal office, and for other purposes. |
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| 17 | 17 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 18 | 18 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 19 | 19 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 20 | 20 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Securing our Elections 4 |
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| 21 | 21 | | Act of 2025’’. 5 |
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| 22 | 22 | | SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 6 |
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| 23 | 23 | | Congress finds the following: 7 |
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| 25 | 25 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 2 |
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| 26 | 26 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 27 | 27 | | (1) Free, fair, and secure elections are nec-1 |
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| 28 | 28 | | essary to the prosperity of democracy in the United 2 |
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| 29 | 29 | | States and around the world. 3 |
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| 30 | 30 | | (2) The right to vote is a crucial aspect of 4 |
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| 31 | 31 | | American citizenship and must be protected from 5 |
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| 32 | 32 | | any potential interference, abuse, and fraud. 6 |
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| 33 | 33 | | (3) The passage of the Help America Vote Act 7 |
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| 34 | 34 | | of 2002 improved and standardized State and local 8 |
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| 35 | 35 | | governments’ administration of Federal elections, 9 |
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| 36 | 36 | | but lacked strong provisions to validate a voter’s 10 |
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| 37 | 37 | | identity prior to their voting. 11 |
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| 38 | 38 | | (4) In 2005, the bipartisan Commission on 12 |
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| 39 | 39 | | Federal Election Reform co-chaired by former 13 |
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| 40 | 40 | | Democratic President Jimmy Carter and former Re-14 |
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| 41 | 41 | | publican Secretary of State James A. Baker III re-15 |
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| 42 | 42 | | leased a report which explicitly recommended that 16 |
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| 43 | 43 | | States require voters to use a valid identification 17 |
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| 44 | 44 | | that includes their full legal name, date of birth, a 18 |
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| 45 | 45 | | signature, and a photo. 19 |
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| 46 | 46 | | (5) A public survey conducted by the reputable, 20 |
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| 47 | 47 | | nonpartisan Monmouth University Polling Institute 21 |
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| 48 | 48 | | in June 2021 indicated that an overwhelming 80 22 |
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| 49 | 49 | | percent of Americans support requiring voters to 23 |
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| 50 | 50 | | show a photo identification in order to vote. 24 |
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| 52 | 52 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 3 |
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| 53 | 53 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 54 | 54 | | (6) Valid identification is required by the States 1 |
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| 55 | 55 | | and the Federal Government for a multitude of seri-2 |
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| 56 | 56 | | ous purposes in public life such as driving or renting 3 |
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| 57 | 57 | | a car, boarding an airplane or train, traveling within 4 |
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| 58 | 58 | | and outside of the United States, purchasing alcohol 5 |
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| 59 | 59 | | or controlled substances, picking up prescription 6 |
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| 60 | 60 | | medication, opening a bank account or cashing a 7 |
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| 61 | 61 | | check, applying for employment or housing opportu-8 |
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| 62 | 62 | | nities, and much more. 9 |
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| 63 | 63 | | (7) As determined by the Congressional Re-10 |
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| 64 | 64 | | search Service, 161 nations worldwide—approxi-11 |
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| 65 | 65 | | mately 83 percent—require their citizens to present 12 |
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| 66 | 66 | | a form of identification in order to vote, including 13 |
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| 67 | 67 | | 38 of the top 50 most democratic nations identified 14 |
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| 68 | 68 | | by the Democracy Index 2021. 15 |
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| 69 | 69 | | (8) More than two-thirds of the States already 16 |
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| 70 | 70 | | request or require citizens to show a form of identi-17 |
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| 71 | 71 | | fication in order to vote, 22 of which request or re-18 |
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| 72 | 72 | | quire a photo identification for the purposes of vot-19 |
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| 73 | 73 | | ing. 20 |
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| 74 | 74 | | SEC. 3. REQUIRING VOTERS TO PROVIDE PHOTO IDENTI-21 |
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| 75 | 75 | | FICATION. 22 |
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| 76 | 76 | | (a) R |
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| 77 | 77 | | EQUIREMENTTOPROVIDEPHOTOIDENTIFICA-23 |
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| 78 | 78 | | TION ASCONDITION OFCASTINGBALLOT.— 24 |
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| 80 | 80 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 4 |
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| 81 | 81 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 82 | 82 | | (1) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Help Amer-1 |
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| 83 | 83 | | ica Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is 2 |
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| 84 | 84 | | amended by inserting after section 303 the following 3 |
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| 85 | 85 | | new section: 4 |
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| 86 | 86 | | ‘‘SEC. 303A. PHOTO IDENTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS. 5 |
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| 87 | 87 | | ‘‘(a) P |
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| 88 | 88 | | ROVISION OFIDENTIFICATIONREQUIRED AS 6 |
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| 89 | 89 | | C |
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| 90 | 90 | | ONDITION OFCASTINGBALLOT.— 7 |
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| 91 | 91 | | ‘‘(1) I |
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| 92 | 92 | | NDIVIDUALS VOTING IN PERSON .— 8 |
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| 93 | 93 | | ‘‘(A) R |
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| 94 | 94 | | EQUIREMENT TO PROVIDE IDENTI -9 |
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| 95 | 95 | | FICATION.—Notwithstanding any other provi-10 |
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| 96 | 96 | | sion of law and except as provided in subpara-11 |
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| 97 | 97 | | graph (B), the appropriate State or local elec-12 |
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| 98 | 98 | | tion official may not provide a ballot for an 13 |
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| 99 | 99 | | election for Federal office to an individual who 14 |
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| 100 | 100 | | desires to vote in person unless the individual 15 |
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| 101 | 101 | | presents to the official a valid photo identifica-16 |
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| 102 | 102 | | tion. 17 |
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| 103 | 103 | | ‘‘(B) A |
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| 104 | 104 | | VAILABILITY OF PROVISIONAL BAL -18 |
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| 105 | 105 | | LOT.— 19 |
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| 106 | 106 | | ‘‘(i) I |
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| 107 | 107 | | N GENERAL.—If an individual 20 |
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| 108 | 108 | | does not present the identification required 21 |
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| 109 | 109 | | under subparagraph (A), the individual 22 |
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| 110 | 110 | | shall be permitted to cast a provisional bal-23 |
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| 111 | 111 | | lot with respect to the election under sec-24 |
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| 112 | 112 | | tion 302(a), except that the appropriate 25 |
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| 115 | 115 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 116 | 116 | | State or local election official may not 1 |
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| 117 | 117 | | make a determination under section 2 |
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| 118 | 118 | | 302(a)(4) that the individual is eligible 3 |
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| 119 | 119 | | under State law to vote in the election un-4 |
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| 120 | 120 | | less, not later than 3 days after casting the 5 |
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| 121 | 121 | | provisional ballot, the individual presents 6 |
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| 122 | 122 | | to the official— 7 |
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| 123 | 123 | | ‘‘(I) the identification required 8 |
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| 124 | 124 | | under subparagraph (A); or 9 |
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| 125 | 125 | | ‘‘(II) an affidavit developed and 10 |
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| 126 | 126 | | made available to the individual by 11 |
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| 127 | 127 | | the State attesting that the individual 12 |
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| 128 | 128 | | does not possess the identification re-13 |
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| 129 | 129 | | quired under subparagraph (A) be-14 |
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| 130 | 130 | | cause the individual has a religious 15 |
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| 131 | 131 | | objection to being photographed. 16 |
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| 132 | 132 | | ‘‘(ii) N |
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| 133 | 133 | | O EFFECT ON OTHER PROVI -17 |
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| 134 | 134 | | SIONAL BALLOTING RULES .—Nothing in 18 |
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| 135 | 135 | | clause (i) may be construed to apply to the 19 |
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| 136 | 136 | | casting of a provisional ballot pursuant to 20 |
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| 137 | 137 | | section 302(a) or any State law for reasons 21 |
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| 138 | 138 | | other than the failure to present the identi-22 |
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| 139 | 139 | | fication required under subparagraph (A). 23 |
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| 140 | 140 | | ‘‘(2) I |
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| 141 | 141 | | NDIVIDUALS VOTING OTHER THAN IN 24 |
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| 142 | 142 | | PERSON.— 25 |
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| 145 | 145 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 146 | 146 | | ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any 1 |
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| 147 | 147 | | other provision of law and except as provided in 2 |
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| 148 | 148 | | subparagraph (B), the appropriate State or 3 |
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| 149 | 149 | | local election official may not accept any ballot 4 |
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| 150 | 150 | | for an election for Federal office provided by an 5 |
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| 151 | 151 | | individual who votes other than in person unless 6 |
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| 152 | 152 | | the individual submits with the ballot— 7 |
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| 153 | 153 | | ‘‘(i) a copy of a valid photo identifica-8 |
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| 154 | 154 | | tion; or 9 |
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| 155 | 155 | | ‘‘(ii) the last four digits of the individ-10 |
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| 156 | 156 | | ual’s Social Security number and an affi-11 |
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| 157 | 157 | | davit developed and made available to the 12 |
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| 158 | 158 | | individual by the State attesting that the 13 |
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| 159 | 159 | | individual is unable to obtain a copy of a 14 |
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| 160 | 160 | | valid photo identification after making rea-15 |
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| 161 | 161 | | sonable efforts to obtain such a copy. 16 |
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| 162 | 162 | | ‘‘(B) E |
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| 163 | 163 | | XCEPTION FOR OVERSEAS MILITARY 17 |
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| 164 | 164 | | VOTERS.—Subparagraph (A) does not apply 18 |
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| 165 | 165 | | with respect to a ballot provided by an absent 19 |
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| 166 | 166 | | uniformed services voter who, by reason of ac-20 |
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| 167 | 167 | | tive duty or service, is absent from the United 21 |
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| 168 | 168 | | States on the date of the election involved. In 22 |
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| 169 | 169 | | this subparagraph, the term ‘absent uniformed 23 |
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| 170 | 170 | | services voter’ has the meaning given such term 24 |
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| 171 | 171 | | in section 107(1) of the Uniformed and Over-25 |
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| 174 | 174 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 175 | 175 | | seas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 1 |
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| 176 | 176 | | 20310(1)), other than an individual described 2 |
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| 177 | 177 | | in section 107(1)(C) of such Act. 3 |
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| 178 | 178 | | ‘‘(b) P |
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| 179 | 179 | | ROVIDINGCERTAINASSISTANCE TOINDIVID-4 |
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| 180 | 180 | | UALSUNABLETOPAYCOSTS OFOBTAININGIDENTI-5 |
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| 181 | 181 | | FICATION OROTHERWISEUNABLETOOBTAINIDENTI-6 |
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| 182 | 182 | | FICATION.— 7 |
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| 183 | 183 | | ‘‘(1) P |
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| 184 | 184 | | ROVISION OF IDENTIFICATION WITHOUT 8 |
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| 185 | 185 | | CHARGE TO CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS .—If an individual 9 |
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| 186 | 186 | | presents a State official at the appropriate State 10 |
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| 187 | 187 | | agency or department designated by the State with 11 |
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| 188 | 188 | | an affidavit developed and made available to the in-12 |
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| 189 | 189 | | dividual by the State attesting that the individual is 13 |
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| 190 | 190 | | unable to pay the costs associated with obtaining a 14 |
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| 191 | 191 | | valid photo identification under this section, or at-15 |
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| 192 | 192 | | testing that the individual is otherwise unable to ob-16 |
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| 193 | 193 | | tain a valid photo identification under this section 17 |
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| 194 | 194 | | after making reasonable efforts to obtain such an 18 |
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| 195 | 195 | | identification, the official shall provide the individual 19 |
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| 196 | 196 | | with a valid photo identification under this sub-20 |
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| 197 | 197 | | section without charge to the individual. 21 |
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| 198 | 198 | | ‘‘(2) P |
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| 199 | 199 | | UBLIC ACCESS TO DIGITAL IMAGING DE -22 |
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| 200 | 200 | | VICES.—With respect to each State, the appropriate 23 |
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| 201 | 201 | | State or local government official of the State shall 24 |
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| 202 | 202 | | ensure, to the extent practicable, public access to a 25 |
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| 205 | 205 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 206 | 206 | | digital imaging device, which shall include a printer, 1 |
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| 207 | 207 | | copier, image scanner, or multifunction machine, at 2 |
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| 208 | 208 | | State and local government buildings in the State, 3 |
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| 209 | 209 | | including courts, libraries, and police stations, for 4 |
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| 210 | 210 | | the purpose of allowing individuals to use such a de-5 |
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| 211 | 211 | | vice at no cost to the individual to make a copy of 6 |
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| 212 | 212 | | a valid photo identification. 7 |
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| 213 | 213 | | ‘‘(c) V |
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| 214 | 214 | | ALIDPHOTOIDENTIFICATIONSDESCRIBED.— 8 |
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| 215 | 215 | | For purposes of this section, a ‘valid photo identification’ 9 |
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| 216 | 216 | | means, with respect to an individual who seeks to vote in 10 |
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| 217 | 217 | | a State, any of the following: 11 |
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| 218 | 218 | | ‘‘(1) A valid State-issued motor vehicle driver’s 12 |
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| 219 | 219 | | license that includes a photo of the individual and an 13 |
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| 220 | 220 | | expiration date. 14 |
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| 221 | 221 | | ‘‘(2) A valid State-issued identification card 15 |
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| 222 | 222 | | that includes a photo of the individual and an expi-16 |
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| 223 | 223 | | ration date. 17 |
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| 224 | 224 | | ‘‘(3) A valid United States passport for the in-18 |
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| 225 | 225 | | dividual. 19 |
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| 226 | 226 | | ‘‘(4) A valid military identification for the indi-20 |
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| 227 | 227 | | vidual. 21 |
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| 228 | 228 | | ‘‘(5) Any other form of government-issued iden-22 |
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| 229 | 229 | | tification that the State may specify as a valid photo 23 |
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| 230 | 230 | | identification for purposes of this subsection. 24 |
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| 233 | 233 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 234 | 234 | | ‘‘(d) NOTIFICATION OFIDENTIFICATIONREQUIRE-1 |
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| 235 | 235 | | MENT TOAPPLICANTS FORVOTERREGISTRATION.— 2 |
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| 236 | 236 | | ‘‘(1) I |
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| 237 | 237 | | N GENERAL.—Each State shall ensure 3 |
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| 238 | 238 | | that, at the time an individual applies to register to 4 |
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| 239 | 239 | | vote in elections for Federal office in the State, the 5 |
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| 240 | 240 | | appropriate State or local election official notifies 6 |
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| 241 | 241 | | the individual of the photo identification require-7 |
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| 242 | 242 | | ments of this section. 8 |
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| 243 | 243 | | ‘‘(2) S |
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| 244 | 244 | | PECIAL RULE FOR INDIVIDUALS APPLY -9 |
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| 245 | 245 | | ING TO REGISTER TO VOTE ONLINE .—Each State 10 |
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| 246 | 246 | | shall ensure that, in the case of an individual who 11 |
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| 247 | 247 | | applies to register to vote in elections for Federal of-12 |
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| 248 | 248 | | fice in the State online, the online voter registration 13 |
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| 249 | 249 | | system notifies the individual of the photo identifica-14 |
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| 250 | 250 | | tion requirements of this section before the indi-15 |
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| 251 | 251 | | vidual completes the online registration process. 16 |
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| 252 | 252 | | ‘‘(e) T |
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| 253 | 253 | | REATMENT OFSTATESWITHCERTAINPHOTO 17 |
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| 254 | 254 | | I |
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| 255 | 255 | | DENTIFICATIONREQUIREMENTS INEFFECT AS OFDATE 18 |
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| 256 | 256 | | OFENACTMENT.—If, as of the date of the enactment of 19 |
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| 257 | 257 | | this section, a State has in effect a law that satisfies or 20 |
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| 258 | 258 | | exceeds the requirements of this section for an individual 21 |
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| 259 | 259 | | to provide a photo identification as a condition of casting 22 |
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| 260 | 260 | | a ballot in elections for Federal office held in the State 23 |
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| 261 | 261 | | and the law remains in effect on and after the effective 24 |
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| 264 | 264 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 265 | 265 | | date of this section, the State shall be considered to meet 1 |
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| 266 | 266 | | the requirements of this section if— 2 |
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| 267 | 267 | | ‘‘(1) the State submits a request to the Attor-3 |
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| 268 | 268 | | ney General and provides such information as the 4 |
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| 269 | 269 | | Attorney General may consider necessary to deter-5 |
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| 270 | 270 | | mine that the State has in effect such a law and 6 |
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| 271 | 271 | | that the law remains in effect; and 7 |
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| 272 | 272 | | ‘‘(2) the Attorney General— 8 |
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| 273 | 273 | | ‘‘(A) approves the request; or 9 |
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| 274 | 274 | | ‘‘(B) fails to issue a determination with re-10 |
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| 275 | 275 | | spect to the request during the 180-day period 11 |
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| 276 | 276 | | that begins on the date the State submits such 12 |
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| 277 | 277 | | request. 13 |
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| 278 | 278 | | ‘‘(f) E |
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| 279 | 279 | | FFECTIVEDATE.—This section shall apply 14 |
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| 280 | 280 | | with respect to elections for Federal office held in 2026 15 |
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| 281 | 281 | | or any succeeding year.’’. 16 |
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| 282 | 282 | | (2) C |
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| 283 | 283 | | LERICAL AMENDMENT .—The table of con-17 |
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| 284 | 284 | | tents of such Act is amended by inserting after the 18 |
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| 285 | 285 | | item relating to section 303 the following new item: 19 |
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| 286 | 286 | | ‘‘Sec. 303A. Photo identification requirements.’’. |
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| 287 | 287 | | (b) CONFORMINGAMENDMENT RELATING TOVOL-20 |
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| 288 | 288 | | UNTARYGUIDANCE BYELECTIONASSISTANCECOMMIS-21 |
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| 289 | 289 | | SION.—Section 311(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21101(b)) 22 |
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| 290 | 290 | | is amended— 23 |
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| 291 | 291 | | (1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph 24 |
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| 292 | 292 | | (2); 25 |
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| 295 | 295 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 296 | 296 | | (2) by striking the period at the end of para-1 |
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| 297 | 297 | | graph (3) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 2 |
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| 298 | 298 | | (3) by adding at the end the following new 3 |
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| 299 | 299 | | paragraph: 4 |
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| 300 | 300 | | ‘‘(4) in the case of the recommendations with 5 |
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| 301 | 301 | | respect to section 303A, October 1, 2025.’’. 6 |
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| 302 | 302 | | (c) C |
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| 303 | 303 | | ONFORMINGAMENDMENT RELATING TOEN-7 |
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| 304 | 304 | | FORCEMENT.—Section 401 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21111) 8 |
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| 305 | 305 | | is amended by striking ‘‘303, and 304’’ and inserting 9 |
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| 306 | 306 | | ‘‘303, 303A, and 304’’. 10 |
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| 307 | 307 | | (d) C |
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| 308 | 308 | | ONFORMINGAMENDMENTS RELATING TORE-11 |
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| 309 | 309 | | PEAL OFEXISTINGPHOTOIDENTIFICATIONREQUIRE-12 |
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| 310 | 310 | | MENTS FORCERTAINVOTERS.— 13 |
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| 311 | 311 | | (1) I |
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| 312 | 312 | | N GENERAL.—Section 303 of such Act (52 14 |
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| 313 | 313 | | U.S.C. 21083) is amended— 15 |
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| 314 | 314 | | (A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘ |
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| 315 | 315 | | AND RE-16 |
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| 316 | 316 | | QUIREMENTS FOR VOTERS WHO REGISTER 17 |
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| 317 | 317 | | BY MAIL’’; 18 |
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| 318 | 318 | | (B) in the heading of subsection (b), by 19 |
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| 319 | 319 | | striking ‘‘ |
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| 320 | 320 | | FORVOTERSWHOREGISTER BY 20 |
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| 321 | 321 | | M |
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| 322 | 322 | | AIL’’ and inserting ‘‘FORMAIL-INREGISTRA-21 |
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| 323 | 323 | | TIONFORMS’’; 22 |
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| 324 | 324 | | (C) in subsection (b), by striking para-23 |
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| 325 | 325 | | graphs (1) through (3) and redesignating para-24 |
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| 328 | 328 | | •HR 156 IH |
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| 329 | 329 | | graphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs (1) and (2), 1 |
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| 330 | 330 | | respectively; and 2 |
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| 331 | 331 | | (D) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘sub-3 |
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| 332 | 332 | | sections (a)(5)(A)(i)(II) and (b)(3)(B)(i)(II)’’ 4 |
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| 333 | 333 | | and inserting ‘‘subsection (a)(5)(A)(i)(II)’’. 5 |
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| 334 | 334 | | (2) C |
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| 335 | 335 | | LERICAL AMENDMENT .—The table of con-6 |
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| 336 | 336 | | tents of such Act is amended by amending the item 7 |
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| 337 | 337 | | relating to section 303 to read as follows: 8 |
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| 338 | 338 | | ‘‘Sec. 303. Computerized statewide voter registration list requirements.’’. |
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| 339 | 339 | | (e) EFFECTIVEDATE.—This section and the amend-9 |
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| 340 | 340 | | ments made by this section shall apply with respect to 10 |
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| 341 | 341 | | elections for Federal office held in 2026 or any succeeding 11 |
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| 342 | 342 | | year. 12 |
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| 343 | 343 | | Æ |
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| 344 | 344 | | VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:56 Jan 29, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6301 E:\BILLS\H156.IH H156 |
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| 345 | 345 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB |
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