Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session

Us Congress House Bill HB1920 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

Old	New	Differences
1	1	I
2	2	119THCONGRESS
3	3	1
4	4	STSESSION H. R. 1920
5	5	To amend the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 to
6	6	strengthen oversight over foreign investment in the United States agricul-
7	7	tural industry, and for other purposes.
8	8	IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
9	9	MARCH6, 2025
10	10	Mr. F
11	11	EENSTRA(for himself, Ms. MCDONALDRIVET, Mr. TAYLOR, Mr. RILEY
12	12	of New York, Mrs. M
13	13	ILLER-MEEKS, and Mr. SORENSEN) introduced the
14	14	following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and
15	15	in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, and
16	16	Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the
17	17	Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within
18	18	the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
19	19	A BILL
20	20	To amend the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure
21	21	Act of 1978 to strengthen oversight over foreign invest-
22	22	ment in the United States agricultural industry, and
23	23	for other purposes.
24	24	Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
25	25	tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
26	26	SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
27	27	This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Foreign Agricultural 4
28	28	Restrictions to Maintain Local Agriculture and National 5
29	29	Defense Act of 2025’’ or the ‘‘FARMLAND Act of 2025’’. 6
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32	32	•HR 1920 IH
33	33	SEC. 2. AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN INVESTMENT. 1
34	34	(a) F
35	35	INDINGS.—Congress finds that— 2
36	36	(1) agriculture is vital for the national security 3
37	37	and economic prosperity of the United States and is 4
38	38	a key element of United States national power; 5
39	39	(2) agriculture of the United States feeds the 6
40	40	people of the United States and the world, and has 7
41	41	been a key contributor to advancements in tech-8
42	42	nology and medicine; 9
43	43	(3) strategic competitors of the United States 10
44	44	have hegemonic goals to dominate the global agri-11
45	45	culture industry and undermine the United States 12
46	46	agriculture sector through intellectual property theft 13
47	47	of seeds and other patented agriculture-related tech-14
48	48	nologies; 15
49	49	(4) China in particular has increased agricul-16
50	50	tural investments tenfold over the past decade and 17
51	51	continues to make investments in United States ag-18
52	52	riculture, agribusiness, and animal processing indus-19
53	53	tries, including by acquiring ownership of farmland 20
54	54	in the United States; 21
55	55	(5) the United States must prevent agricultural 22
56	56	espionage and theft of intellectual property con-23
57	57	ducted by China and other foreign entities of con-24
58	58	cern (as defined in section 9 of the Agricultural For-25
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61	61	•HR 1920 IH
62	62	eign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 1
63	63	3508)); 2
64	64	(6) agricultural intellectual property theft may 3
65	65	enable global competitors to undercut United States 4
66	66	producers in international seed markets; 5
67	67	(7) the Federal Government does not fully exer-6
68	68	cise its authorized oversight over investment trans-7
69	69	actions within the agricultural industry, causing— 8
70	70	(A) United States farmland to be under 9
71	71	foreign acquisition; and 10
72	72	(B) the influence of foreign adversaries on 11
73	73	agriculture in the United States to be an un-12
74	74	known risk factor; and 13
75	75	(8) the Federal Government must enforce and 14
76	76	modernize existing laws to monitor and prevent ma-15
77	77	lign actions of foreign entities of concern (as defined 16
78	78	in section 9 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment 17
79	79	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508)) on the 18
80	80	farms and land of the United States. 19
81	81	(b) C
82	82	IVILPENALTIES.—Section 3 of the Agricultural 20
83	83	Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 21
84	84	3502) is amended— 22
85	85	(1) by redesignating subsection (b) as sub-23
86	86	section (d); 24
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89	89	•HR 1920 IH
90	90	(2) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding 1
91	91	paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘(a) If the’’ and all that 2
92	92	follows through ‘‘Any such civil penalty’’ in the third 3
93	93	sentence and inserting the following: 4
94	94	‘‘(a) I
95	95	NGENERAL.—A person shall be subject to a 5
96	96	civil penalty imposed by the Secretary if the Secretary de-6
97	97	termines that the person— 7
98	98	‘‘(1) has failed to submit a report in accordance 8
99	99	with the provisions of section 2; or 9
100	100	‘‘(2) has knowingly submitted a report under 10
101	101	section 2 that— 11
102	102	‘‘(A) does not contain all the information 12
103	103	required to be in such report; or 13
104	104	‘‘(B) contains information that is mis-14
105	105	leading or false. 15
106	106	‘‘(b) A
107	107	VAILABILITY OFFUNDSFROMCIVILPEN-16
108	108	ALTIES.—A civil penalty collected under subsection (a) 17
109	109	shall be available to the Secretary without appropriation 18
110	110	and remain available until expended for the purpose of en-19
111	111	forcing this Act. 20
112	112	‘‘(c) C
113	113	IVILACTION.—Any civil penalty imposed by 21
114	114	the Secretary under subsection (a)’’; and 22
115	115	(3) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated)— 23
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118	118	•HR 1920 IH
119	119	(A) by striking the subsection designation 1
120	120	and all that follows through ‘‘The amount’’ and 2
121	121	inserting the following: 3
122	122	‘‘(d) A
123	123	MOUNT OFPENALTY.—The amount’’; 4
124	124	(B) by striking ‘‘of this section’’; and 5
125	125	(C) by striking ‘‘shall not exceed 25 per-6
126	126	cent’’ and inserting ‘‘shall be not less than 5 7
127	127	percent, but not more than 25 percent,’’. 8
128	128	(c) P
129	129	UBLICDISCLOSURE OFNONCOMPLIANT PER-9
130	130	SONS.—Section 3 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment 10
131	131	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3502) (as amended by 11
132	132	subsection (b)) is amended by adding at the end the fol-12
133	133	lowing: 13
134	134	‘‘(e) P
135	135	UBLICDISCLOSURE OFNONCOMPLIANTPER-14
136	136	SONS.—The Secretary shall publicly disclose the name of 15
137	137	each person who paid to the Secretary a civil penalty im-16
138	138	posed under subsection (a), including, if applicable, after 17
139	139	the completion of an appeal of a civil penalty.’’. 18
140	140	(d) P
141	141	UBLICATION OFREPORTINGREQUIREMENTS.— 19
142	142	Section 3 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclo-20
143	143	sure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3502) (as amended by sub-21
144	144	section (c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: 22
145	145	‘‘(f) O
146	146	UTREACH.—Using existing resources and ef-23
147	147	forts to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary 24
148	148	shall carry out a nationwide outreach program directed 25
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151	151	•HR 1920 IH
152	152	primarily towards landlords, owners, operators, persons, 1
153	153	producers, and tenants (as those terms are defined in sec-2
154	154	tion 718.2 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in 3
155	155	effect on the date of enactment of the Foreign Agricul-4
156	156	tural Restrictions to Maintain Local Agriculture and Na-5
157	157	tional Defense Act of 2025)) of agricultural land and 6
158	158	county property appraiser offices, land appraisal compa-7
159	159	nies, and real estate auction companies to increase public 8
160	160	awareness and provide education regarding the reporting 9
161	161	requirements under this section.’’. 10
162	162	(e) D
163	163	UEDILIGENCEREQUIREMENTS.—The Agricul-11
164	164	tural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 is 12
165	165	amended by inserting after section 4 (7 U.S.C. 3503) the 13
166	166	following: 14
167	167	‘‘SEC. 5. DUE DILIGENCE REQUIREMENTS. 15
168	168	‘‘Any entity (including a buyer, seller, real estate 16
169	169	agent, broker, and title company) involved in the purchase 17
170	170	or transfer of agricultural land in the United States 18
171	171	shall— 19
172	172	‘‘(1) conduct due diligence relating to the agri-20
173	173	culture land being purchased or transferred; and 21
174	174	‘‘(2) certify to the Secretary that, to the best of 22
175	175	the knowledge and belief of the entity, the entity is 23
176	176	in compliance with all applicable provisions of this 24
177	177	Act.’’. 25
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180	180	•HR 1920 IH
181	181	SEC. 3. REPORT ON AGRICULTURAL LAND PURCHASING 1
182	182	ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES BY COUN-2
183	183	TRIES DESIGNATED AS STATE SPONSORS OF 3
184	184	TERRORISM AND CERTAIN OTHER COUN-4
185	185	TRIES. 5
186	186	(a) D
187	187	EFINITIONS.—In this section: 6
188	188	(1) A
189	189	GRICULTURAL LAND .—The term ‘‘agricul-7
190	190	tural land’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-8
191	191	tion 9 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment Dis-9
192	192	closure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508). 10
193	193	(2) A
194	194	PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -11
195	195	GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-12
196	196	gress’’ means— 13
197	197	(A) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutri-14
198	198	tion, and Forestry of the Senate; 15
199	199	(B) the Committee on Homeland Security 16
200	200	and Governmental Affairs of the Senate; 17
201	201	(C) the Committee on Intelligence of the 18
202	202	Senate; 19
203	203	(D) the Committee on Homeland Security 20
204	204	of the House of Representatives; 21
205	205	(E) the Committee on Agriculture of the 22
206	206	House of Representatives; and 23
207	207	(F) the Permanent Select Committee on 24
208	208	Intelligence of the House of Representatives. 25
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211	211	•HR 1920 IH
212	212	(3) COVERED FOREIGN COUNTRY .—The term 1
213	213	‘‘covered foreign country’’ means— 2
214	214	(A) the People’s Republic of China; 3
215	215	(B) the Russian Federation; 4
216	216	(C) a state sponsor of terrorism; and 5
217	217	(D) any other country identified by the 6
218	218	Secretary of Homeland Security or the Sec-7
219	219	retary of Agriculture. 8
220	220	(4) C
221	221	OVERED FOREIGN PERSON .—The term 9
222	222	‘‘covered foreign person’’ means a foreign person (as 10
223	223	defined in section 9 of the Agricultural Foreign In-11
224	224	vestment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508)) 12
225	225	that is a citizen of, or headquartered in, as applica-13
226	226	ble, a covered foreign country. 14
227	227	(5) S
228	228	TATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ has the mean-15
229	229	ing given the term in section 9 of the Agricultural 16
230	230	Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 17
231	231	U.S.C. 3508). 18
232	232	(6) S
233	233	TATE SPONSOR OF TERRORISM .—The term 19
234	234	‘‘state sponsor of terrorism’’ means a country the 20
235	235	government of which the Secretary of State has de-21
236	236	termined has repeatedly provided support for acts of 22
237	237	international terrorism, for purposes of— 23
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240	240	•HR 1920 IH
241	241	(A) section 1754(c)(1)(A)(i) of the Export 1
242	242	Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 2
243	243	4813(c)(1)(A)(i)); 3
244	244	(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance 4
245	245	Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371); 5
246	246	(C) section 40(d) of the Arms Export Con-6
247	247	trol Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)); or 7
248	248	(D) any other provision of law. 8
249	249	(b) R
250	250	EPORT.— 9
251	251	(1) I
252	252	N GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 10
253	253	after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually 11
254	254	thereafter, the Secretary of Agriculture, with sup-12
255	255	port from the Secretary of Homeland Security and 13
256	256	the head of any other appropriate Federal agency, 14
257	257	shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con-15
258	258	gress a report describing the national security risks 16
259	259	of the purchase and management of agricultural 17
260	260	land by covered foreign persons. 18
261	261	(2) C
262	262	ONTENTS.—A report submitted under 19
263	263	paragraph (1) shall include the following with re-20
264	264	spect to the year covered by the report: 21
265	265	(A) A description of— 22
266	266	(i) the number of acres of agricultural 23
267	267	land owned or managed by covered foreign 24
268	268	persons, organized by State; and 25
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271	271	•HR 1920 IH
272	272	(ii) for each State, the percentage of 1
273	273	land owned or managed by covered foreign 2
274	274	persons compared to the total acreage of 3
275	275	the State. 4
276	276	(B) An analysis of the possible threat to 5
277	277	food security, food safety, biosecurity, or envi-6
278	278	ronmental protection due to the ownership of 7
279	279	agricultural land by each covered foreign coun-8
280	280	try through covered foreign persons. 9
281	281	(C) An analysis of the annual and total 10
282	282	cost of support for agricultural land owned by 11
283	283	covered foreign persons through farm programs 12
284	284	administered by the Farm Service Agency. 13
285	285	(D) An analysis of the use of agricultural 14
286	286	land for industrial espionage or intellectual 15
287	287	property transfer by covered foreign persons. 16
288	288	(E) An analysis of the potential use by 17
289	289	covered foreign persons of agricultural land in 18
290	290	close proximity to manufacturing facilities, 19
291	291	water sources, and other critical infrastructure 20
292	292	to monitor, interrupt, or disrupt activities crit-21
293	293	ical to the national and economic security of the 22
294	294	United States. 23
295	295	(F) An analysis of other threats to the ag-24
296	296	ricultural industry or national security of the 25
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299	299	•HR 1920 IH
300	300	United States due to the ownership of agricul-1
301	301	tural land by covered foreign persons. 2
302	302	(3) U
303	303	NCLASSIFIED FORM.—A report submitted 3
304	304	under this subsection shall— 4
305	305	(A) be submitted in unclassified form, but 5
306	306	may include a classified annex; and 6
307	307	(B) be consistent with the protection of in-7
308	308	telligence sources and methods. 8
309	309	SEC. 4. INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS. 9
310	310	(a) I
311	311	NVESTIGATIVEACTIONS.—Section 4 of the Agri-10
312	312	cultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 11
313	313	U.S.C. 3503) is amended to read as follows: 12
314	314	‘‘SEC. 4. INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS. 13
315	315	‘‘(a) I
316	316	NGENERAL.—The Secretary shall appoint an 14
317	317	employee in the Senior Executive Service (as described in 15
318	318	section 3131 of title 5, United States Code) of the Depart-16
319	319	ment of Agriculture to serve as Chief of Operations of In-17
320	320	vestigative Actions (referred to in this section as the ‘Chief 18
321	321	of Operations’), who shall hire, appoint, and maintain ad-19
322	322	ditional employees to monitor compliance with the provi-20
323	323	sions of this Act. 21
324	324	‘‘(b) C
325	325	HIEF OFOPERATIONS.—The Chief of Oper-22
326	326	ations may serve in such position simultaneously with a 23
327	327	concurrent position within the Department of Agriculture. 24
328	328	‘‘(c) S
329	329	ECURITY.—The Secretary shall— 25
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332	332	•HR 1920 IH
333	333	‘‘(1) provide classified storage, meeting, and 1
334	334	other spaces, as necessary, for personnel; and 2
335	335	‘‘(2) assist personnel in obtaining security clear-3
336	336	ances. 4
337	337	‘‘(d) D
338	338	UTIES.—The Chief of Operations shall— 5
339	339	‘‘(1) monitor compliance with this Act; 6
340	340	‘‘(2) refer noncompliance with this Act to the 7
341	341	Secretary, the Farm Service Agency, and any other 8
342	342	appropriate authority; 9
343	343	‘‘(3) conduct investigations, in coordination 10
344	344	with the Department of Justice, the Federal Bureau 11
345	345	of Investigation, the Department of Homeland Secu-12
346	346	rity, the Department of the Treasury, the National 13
347	347	Security Council, and State and local law enforce-14
348	348	ment agencies, on malign efforts— 15
349	349	‘‘(A) to steal agricultural knowledge and 16
350	350	technology; and 17
351	351	‘‘(B) to disrupt the United States agricul-18
352	352	tural base; 19
353	353	‘‘(4) conduct an annual audit of the database 20
354	354	developed under section 6(b) of the Foreign Agricul-21
355	355	tural Restrictions to Maintain Local Agriculture and 22
356	356	National Defense Act of 2025; 23
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359	359	•HR 1920 IH
360	360	‘‘(5) seek to enter into memoranda of agree-1
361	361	ment and memoranda of understanding with the 2
362	362	Federal agencies described in paragraph (3)— 3
363	363	‘‘(A) to ensure compliance with this Act; 4
364	364	and 5
365	365	‘‘(B) to prevent the malign efforts de-6
366	366	scribed in that paragraph; 7
367	367	‘‘(6) refer to the Committee on Foreign Invest-8
368	368	ment in the United States transactions that— 9
369	369	‘‘(A) raise potential national security con-10
370	370	cerns; and 11
371	371	‘‘(B) result in agricultural land acquisition 12
372	372	by a foreign person that is a citizen of, or 13
373	373	headquartered in, as applicable, a foreign entity 14
374	374	of concern; and 15
375	375	‘‘(7) publish annual reports that summarize the 16
376	376	information contained in every report received by the 17
377	377	Secretary under section 2 during the period covered 18
378	378	by the report. 19
379	379	‘‘(e) A
380	380	DMINISTRATION.—The Chief of Operations 20
381	381	shall report to— 21
382	382	‘‘(1) the Secretary; or 22
383	383	‘‘(2) if delegated by the Secretary, to— 23
384	384	‘‘(A) the Administrator of the Farm Serv-24
385	385	ice Agency; or 25
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388	388	•HR 1920 IH
389	389	‘‘(B) the Director of the Department of 1
390	390	Agriculture Office of Homeland Security.’’. 2
391	391	(b) D
392	392	EFINITION OF FOREIGNENTITY OFCON-3
393	393	CERN.—Section 9 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment 4
394	394	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508) is amended— 5
395	395	(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 6
396	396	striking ‘‘For purposes of this Act—’’ and inserting 7
397	397	‘‘In this Act:’’; 8
398	398	(2) in each of paragraphs (1) through (6)— 9
399	399	(A) by striking ‘‘the term’’ and inserting 10
400	400	‘‘The term’’; and 11
401	401	(B) by inserting a paragraph heading, the 12
402	402	text of which comprises the term defined in that 13
403	403	paragraph; 14
404	404	(3) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through 15
405	405	(6) as paragraphs (3), (4), (6), (7), and (8), respec-16
406	406	tively; 17
407	407	(4) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol-18
408	408	lowing: 19
409	409	‘‘(2) F
410	410	OREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN .—The 20
411	411	term ‘foreign entity of concern’ has the meaning 21
412	412	given the term in section 9901 of the William M. 22
413	413	(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 23
414	414	Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651).’’; and 24
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417	417	•HR 1920 IH
418	418	(5) by inserting after paragraph (4) (as so re-1
419	419	designated) the following: 2
420	420	‘‘(5) M
421	421	ALIGN EFFORT.—The term ‘malign ef-3
422	422	fort’ means any hostile effort undertaken by, at the 4
423	423	direction of, on behalf of, or with the substantial 5
424	424	support of the government of a foreign entity of con-6
425	425	cern.’’. 7
426	426	(c) R
427	427	EPORTS.—The Agricultural Foreign Investment 8
428	428	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) is amended 9
429	429	by adding at the end the following: 10
430	430	‘‘SEC. 11. REPORTS. 11
431	431	‘‘(a) I
432	432	NITIALREPORT.—Not later than 180 days 12
433	433	after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary 13
434	434	shall submit to Congress a report that describes the 14
435	435	progress of the Secretary in implementing the amend-15
436	436	ments made by the Foreign Agricultural Restrictions to 16
437	437	Maintain Local Agriculture and National Defense Act of 17
438	438	2025. 18
439	439	‘‘(b) R
440	440	EPORT ON TRACKINGCOVEREDTRANS-19
441	441	ACTIONS.—Not later than 180 days after the date of en-20
442	442	actment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to Con-21
443	443	gress a report on the feasibility of— 22
444	444	‘‘(1) establishing a mechanism for quantifying 23
445	445	the threats posed by foreign entities of concern to 24
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448	448	•HR 1920 IH
449	449	United States food security, biosecurity, food safety, 1
450	450	environmental protection, and national defense; and 2
451	451	‘‘(2) building, and submitting to the Committee 3
452	452	on Foreign Investment in the United States for fur-4
453	453	ther review, a rigorous discovery and review process 5
454	454	to review transactions described in section 6
455	455	721(a)(4)(B)(vi) of the Defense Production Act of 7
456	456	1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(a)(4)(B)(vi)). 8
457	457	‘‘(c) Y
458	458	EARLYREPORT.—Not later than 1 year after 9
459	459	the date of enactment of this section, and annually there-10
460	460	after for the following 10 years, the Secretary shall submit 11
461	461	to Congress a report on the activities of the Secretary pur-12
462	462	suant to this Act during the year covered by the report.’’. 13
463	463	SEC. 5. AUTHORITY OF COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN INVEST-14
464	464	MENT IN THE UNITED STATES TO REVIEW 15
465	465	CERTAIN REAL ESTATE PURCHASES BY FOR-16
466	466	EIGN ENTITIES OF CONCERN. 17
467	467	(a) I
468	468	NGENERAL.—Section 721(a)(4) of the Defense 18
469	469	Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(a)(4)) is amend-19
470	470	ed— 20
471	471	(1) in subparagraph (A)— 21
472	472	(A) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and 22
473	473	inserting a semicolon; 23
474	474	(B) in clause (ii), by striking the period at 24
475	475	the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 25
476	476	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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478	478	•HR 1920 IH
479	479	(C) by adding at the end the following: 1
480	480	‘‘(iii) any transaction described in 2
481	481	subparagraph (B)(vi) proposed or pending 3
482	482	on or after the date of enactment of this 4
483	483	clause.’’; and 5
484	484	(2) in subparagraph (B), by adding at the end 6
485	485	the following: 7
486	486	‘‘(vi) Subject to subparagraph (C), the 8
487	487	purchase or lease by, or a concession to, a 9
488	488	foreign entity of concern of private or pub-10
489	489	lic real estate in the United States if— 11
490	490	‘‘(I)(aa) the value of the pur-12
491	491	chase, lease, or concession— 13
492	492	‘‘(AA) exceeds $5,000,000; 14
493	493	or 15
494	494	‘‘(BB) in combination with 16
495	495	the value of other such purchases 17
496	496	or leases by, or concessions to, 18
497	497	the same entity during the pre-19
498	498	ceding 3 years, exceeds 20
499	499	$5,000,000; or 21
500	500	‘‘(bb) the real estate— 22
501	501	‘‘(AA) exceeds 320 acres; or 23
502	502	‘‘(BB) in combination with 24
503	503	other private or public real estate 25
504	504	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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506	506	•HR 1920 IH
507	507	in the United States purchased 1
508	508	or leased by, or for which a con-2
509	509	cession is provided to, the same 3
510	510	entity during the preceding 3 4
511	511	years, exceeds 320 acres; and 5
512	512	‘‘(II) the real estate is primarily 6
513	513	used for— 7
514	514	‘‘(aa) agriculture, including 8
515	515	raising of livestock and forestry; 9
516	516	‘‘(bb) extraction of fossil 10
517	517	fuels, natural gas, purchases or 11
518	518	leases of renewable energy 12
519	519	sources; or 13
520	520	‘‘(cc) extraction of critical 14
521	521	precursor materials for biological 15
522	522	technology industries, informa-16
523	523	tion technology components, or 17
524	524	national defense technologies.’’. 18
525	525	(b) F
526	526	OREIGNENTITIES OF CONCERN.—Section 19
527	527	721(a) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 20
528	528	4565(a)) is amended— 21
529	529	(1) by redesignating paragraphs (7) through 22
530	530	(13) as paragraphs (8) through (14), respectively; 23
531	531	and 24
532	532	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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534	534	•HR 1920 IH
535	535	(2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the fol-1
536	536	lowing: 2
537	537	‘‘(7) F
538	538	OREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN .—The 3
539	539	term ‘foreign entity of concern’ has the meaning 4
540	540	given that term in section 9901 of the William M. 5
541	541	(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 6
542	542	Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651).’’. 7
543	543	(c) F
544	544	ACTORSTOBECONSIDERED.—Section 721(f) 8
545	545	of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 9
546	546	4565(f)) is amended— 10
547	547	(1) by redesignating paragraphs (8) through 11
548	548	(11) as paragraphs (9) through (12), respectively; 12
549	549	and 13
550	550	(2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the fol-14
551	551	lowing: 15
552	552	‘‘(8) the potential follow-on national security ef-16
553	553	fects of the risks posed by the proposed or pending 17
554	554	transaction to United States food security, food safe-18
555	555	ty, biosecurity, environmental protection, or national 19
556	556	defense;’’. 20
557	557	(d) I
558	558	NCLUSION OF SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 21
559	559	AND THECOMMISSIONER OFFOODANDDRUGS ONCOM-22
560	560	MITTEE ON FOREIGNINVESTMENT IN THE UNITED 23
561	561	S
562	562	TATES.—Section 721(k)(2) of the Defense Production 24
563	563	Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(k)(2)) is amended— 25
564	564	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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566	566	•HR 1920 IH
567	567	(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (H), (I), 1
568	568	and (J) as subparagraphs (J), (K), and (L), respec-2
569	569	tively; and 3
570	570	(2) by inserting after subparagraph (G) the fol-4
571	571	lowing: 5
572	572	‘‘(H) The Secretary of Agriculture. 6
573	573	‘‘(I) The Commissioner of Food and 7
574	574	Drugs.’’. 8
575	575	(e) A
576	576	NNUALREPORT.—Section 721(m) of the De-9
577	577	fense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(m)) is 10
578	578	amended— 11
579	579	(1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as para-12
580	580	graph (5); and 13
581	581	(2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol-14
582	582	lowing: 15
583	583	‘‘(4) L
584	584	IST OF REAL ESTATE OWNED BY FOR -16
585	585	EIGN ENTITIES OF CONCERN .—The President and 17
586	586	such agencies as the President shall designate shall 18
587	587	include in the annual report submitted under para-19
588	588	graph (1) a list of all real estate in the United 20
589	589	States owned by a foreign entity of concern or a per-21
590	590	son closely associated with such an entity.’’. 22
591	591	(f) R
592	592	EPORTREQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 23
593	593	after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 24
594	594	the Treasury, in coordination with Secretary of State and 25
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597	597	•HR 1920 IH
598	598	the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall submit to Con-1
599	599	gress a report that includes— 2
600	600	(1) an assessment of the feasibility of requiring 3
601	601	retroactive divestment of real estate owned by for-4
602	602	eign entities of concern (as defined in section 721(a) 5
603	603	of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended 6
604	604	by this section); and 7
605	605	(2) a description of the process used by the 8
606	606	Committee on Foreign Investment in the United 9
607	607	States to review the national security implications of 10
608	608	any connections between— 11
609	609	(A) foreign investment in the United 12
610	610	States made by the Government of the People’s 13
611	611	Republic of China or entities controlled by or 14
612	612	acting on behalf of that Government; and 15
613	613	(B) the Chinese Communist Party. 16
614	614	(g) E
615	615	FFECTIVEDATE.—The amendments made by 17
616	616	this section take effect on the date of the enactment of 18
617	617	this Act and apply with respect to any covered transaction 19
618	618	the review or investigation of which is initiated under sec-20
619	619	tion 721 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 on or 21
620	620	after such date of enactment. 22
621	621	SEC. 6. DIGITIZATION AND CONSOLIDATION OF FOREIGN 23
622	622	LAND OWNERSHIP DATA. 24
623	623	(a) D
624	624	EFINITIONS.—In this section: 25
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627	627	•HR 1920 IH
628	628	(1) AGRICULTURAL LAND .—The term ‘‘agricul-1
629	629	tural land’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-2
630	630	tion 781.2 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations 3
631	631	(as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act). 4
632	632	(2) A
633	633	PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -5
634	634	GRESS.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate com-6
635	635	mittees of Congress’’ has the meaning given the 7
636	636	term in section 3(a). 8
637	637	(3) D
638	638	ATABASE.—The term ‘‘database’’ means 9
639	639	the database developed under subsection (b). 10
640	640	(4) F
641	641	OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-11
642	642	son’’ has the meaning given the term in section 9 of 12
643	643	the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act 13
644	644	of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508). 14
645	645	(5) S
646	646	ECRETARIES.—The term ‘‘Secretaries’’ 15
647	647	means— 16
648	648	(A) the Secretary of Agriculture; and 17
649	649	(B) the Secretary of Homeland Security. 18
650	650	(b) D
651	651	ATABASE.—Subject to the availability of appro-19
652	652	priations, not later than 3 years after the date of enact-20
653	653	ment of this Act, the Secretaries, acting jointly, shall de-21
654	654	velop a database of agricultural land owned by foreign per-22
655	655	sons, using data that are— 23
656	656	(1) collected— 24
657	657	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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659	659	•HR 1920 IH
660	660	(A) pursuant to the Agricultural Foreign 1
661	661	Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 2
662	662	3501 et seq.); and 3
663	663	(B) from FSA–153 forms submitted to the 4
664	664	Farm Service Agency; and 5
665	665	(2) publicly available. 6
666	666	(c) C
667	667	ONTENTS.—Each entry in the database for each 7
668	668	registration or updated registration of agricultural land 8
669	669	owned by a foreign person shall include information in the 9
670	670	applicable FSA–153 form. 10
671	671	(d) A
672	672	UDIT.—Not later than 180 days after the data-11
673	673	base is made publicly available, and annually thereafter, 12
674	674	the Chief of Operations for Investigative Actions ap-13
675	675	pointed under section 4 of the Agricultural Foreign Invest-14
676	676	ment Disclosure Act of 1978 shall— 15
677	677	(1) conduct an audit of the database; and 16
678	678	(2) submit to the appropriate committees of 17
679	679	Congress a report— 18
680	680	(A) evaluating the accuracy of the data-19
681	681	base; and 20
682	682	(B) describing recommendations for im-21
683	683	proving compliance with the reporting required 22
684	684	under the Agricultural Foreign Investment Dis-23
685	685	closure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). 24
686	686	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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688	688	•HR 1920 IH
689	689	SEC. 7. PROHIBITION OF PARTICIPATION IN FARM SERVICE 1
690	690	AGENCY PROGRAMS BY FOREIGN PERSONS. 2
691	691	(a) D
692	692	EFINITIONS.—In this section: 3
693	693	(1) A
694	694	PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -4
695	695	GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-5
696	696	gress’’ has the meaning given the term in section 6
697	697	3(a). 7
698	698	(2) F
699	699	OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-8
700	700	son’’ has the meaning given the term in section 9 of 9
701	701	the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act 10
702	702	of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508). 11
703	703	(3) O
704	704	PERATOR.—The term ‘‘operator’’ has the 12
705	705	meaning given the term in section 718.2 of title 7, 13
706	706	Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the 14
707	707	date of enactment of this Act). 15
708	708	(4) O
709	709	WNER.—The term ‘‘owner’’ has the mean-16
710	710	ing given the term in section 718.2 of title 7, Code 17
711	711	of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of 18
712	712	enactment of this Act). 19
713	713	(5) P
714	714	ARTICIPANT.—The term ‘‘participant’’ has 20
715	715	the meaning given the term in section 718.2 of title 21
716	716	7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the 22
717	717	date of enactment of this Act). 23
718	718	(6) S
719	719	ECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 24
720	720	the Secretary of Agriculture. 25
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723	723	•HR 1920 IH
724	724	(b) LIMITATION FOR FOREIGN-OWNED OR OPER-1
725	725	ATEDLAND.—No operator or owner who is a foreign per-2
726	726	son may be a participant. 3
727	727	(c) C
728	728	OMPLIANCE.— 4
729	729	(1) I
730	730	N GENERAL.—The Secretary may take 5
731	731	such actions as the Secretary considers necessary to 6
732	732	monitor compliance with subsection (b). 7
733	733	(2) O
734	734	WNERSHIP CERTIFICATION .—The Sec-8
735	735	retary shall require any owner or operator applying 9
736	736	to be a participant to certify in the application that 10
737	737	the owner or operator is not a foreign person. 11
738	738	(3) C
739	739	IVIL PENALTY.— 12
740	740	(A) I
741	741	N GENERAL.—A foreign person shall 13
742	742	be subject to a civil penalty imposed by the Sec-14
743	743	retary if the Secretary determines that the for-15
744	744	eign person— 16
745	745	(i) has received benefits prohibited 17
746	746	under subsection (b); or 18
747	747	(ii) has knowingly submitted a request 19
748	748	for those benefits that contains informa-20
749	749	tion that is misleading or false. 21
750	750	(B) C
751	751	IVIL ACTION.—A civil penalty im-22
752	752	posed by the Secretary under subparagraph (A) 23
753	753	shall be recoverable in a civil action brought by 24
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756	756	•HR 1920 IH
757	757	the Attorney General in an appropriate district 1
758	758	court of the United States. 2
759	759	(C) A
760	760	MOUNT.—The amount of a civil pen-3
761	761	alty imposed by the Secretary under subpara-4
762	762	graph (A)— 5
763	763	(i) shall be such amount as the Sec-6
764	764	retary determines to be appropriate to 7
765	765	carry out the purposes of this section; but 8
766	766	(ii) shall not exceed 125 percent of 9
767	767	the monetary benefits provided to the for-10
768	768	eign person in participating in the 1 or 11
769	769	more programs of the Farm Service Agen-12
770	770	cy in which participation is prohibited 13
771	771	under subsection (b). 14
772	772	(D) U
773	773	SE OF CIVIL PENALTIES.—Penalties 15
774	774	collected under this paragraph shall be available 16
775	775	to the Secretary, without further appropriation 17
776	776	and until expended, for the purpose of enforcing 18
777	777	this section. 19
778	778	(4) U
779	779	SE OF INFORMATION.—For the purpose of 20
780	780	monitoring compliance under this subsection, the 21
781	781	Secretary shall use information— 22
782	782	(A) collected by the Secretary under the 23
783	783	Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act 24
784	784	of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); and 25
785	785	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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787	787	•HR 1920 IH
788	788	(B) from the FSA–153 form submitted to 1
789	789	the Farm Service Agency. 2
790	790	(d) R
791	791	EPORT.—The Secretary shall submit to the ap-3
792	792	propriate committees of Congress, on an annual basis, a 4
793	793	report containing the following information: 5
794	794	(1) A description of violations of subsection (b) 6
795	795	during the year covered by the report. 7
796	796	(2) An itemized list of savings for each program 8
797	797	administered by the Farm Service Agency during the 9
798	798	year covered by the report as a result of subsection 10
799	799	(b). 11
800	800	(3) A description of compliance actions taken 12
801	801	by the Secretary under subsection (c) during the 13
802	802	year covered by the report. 14
803	803	(4) An itemized list of civil penalties imposed 15
804	804	on foreign persons under subsection (c)(3) during 16
805	805	the year covered by the report. 17
806	806	(5) Such other information on enforcement 18
807	807	under this section, compliance with this section, and 19
808	808	the benefits of this section as the Secretary deter-20
809	809	mines to be necessary. 21
810	810	SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 22
811	811	There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 23
812	812	this Act and the amendments made by this Act— 24
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815	815	•HR 1920 IH
816	816	(1) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2026, to remain 1
817	817	available until expended, for secure workspace build-2
818	818	out under the amendments made by section 4 and 3
819	819	database system development under section 6; and 4
820	820	(2) $9,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 5
821	821	through 2030 for all other activities. 6
822	822	Æ
823	823	VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:01 Mar 21, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6301 E:\BILLS\H1920.IH H1920
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