Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session

Us Congress House Bill HB2161 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

Old	New	Differences
1	1	I
2	2	119THCONGRESS
3	3	1
4	4	STSESSION H. R. 2161
5	5	To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit certain types of human-
6	6	animal chimeras.
7	7	IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
8	8	MARCH14, 2025
9	9	Mr. S
10	10	MITHof New Jersey (for himself, Mr. HARRISof Maryland, Mrs. MIL-
11	11	LERof Illinois, and Mr. ADERHOLT) introduced the following bill; which
12	12	was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary
13	13	A BILL
14	14	To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit certain
15	15	types of human-animal chimeras.
16	16	Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
17	17	tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
18	18	SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
19	19	This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Human-Animal Chi-4
20	20	mera Prohibition Act of 2025’’. 5
21	21	SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN HUMAN-ANIMAL CHI-6
22	22	MERAS. 7
23	23	Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended 8
24	24	by inserting after chapter 51 the following: 9
25	25	VerDate Sep 11 2014 17:11 Mar 31, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H2161.IH H2161
26	26	ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 2
27	27	•HR 2161 IH
28	28	‘‘CHAPTER 52—CERTAIN TYPES OF 1
29	29	HUMAN-ANIMAL CHIMERAS PROHIBITED 2
30	30	‘‘Sec.
31	31	‘‘1131. Definitions.
32	32	‘‘1132. Prohibition on certain human-animal chimeras.
33	33	‘‘§ 1131. Definitions 3
34	34	‘‘In this chapter the following definitions apply: 4
35	35	‘‘(1) P
36	36	ROHIBITED HUMAN -ANIMAL CHIMERA.— 5
37	37	The term ‘prohibited human-animal chimera’ 6
38	38	means— 7
39	39	‘‘(A) a human embryo into which a 8
40	40	nonhuman cell or cells (or the component parts 9
41	41	thereof) have been introduced to render the em-10
42	42	bryo’s membership in the species Homo sapiens 11
43	43	uncertain; 12
44	44	‘‘(B) a human-animal embryo produced by 13
45	45	fertilizing a human egg with nonhuman sperm; 14
46	46	‘‘(C) a human-animal embryo produced by 15
47	47	fertilizing a nonhuman egg with human sperm; 16
48	48	‘‘(D) an embryo produced by introducing a 17
49	49	nonhuman nucleus into a human egg; 18
50	50	‘‘(E) an embryo produced by introducing a 19
51	51	human nucleus into a nonhuman egg; 20
52	52	‘‘(F) an embryo containing at least haploid 21
53	53	sets of chromosomes from both a human and a 22
54	54	nonhuman life form; 23
55	55	VerDate Sep 11 2014 17:11 Mar 31, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H2161.IH H2161
56	56	ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 3
57	57	•HR 2161 IH
58	58	‘‘(G) a nonhuman life form engineered 1
59	59	such that human gametes develop within the 2
60	60	body of a nonhuman life form; 3
61	61	‘‘(H) a nonhuman life form engineered 4
62	62	such that it contains a human brain or a brain 5
63	63	derived wholly or predominantly from human 6
64	64	neural tissues; 7
65	65	‘‘(I) a nonhuman life form engineered such 8
66	66	that it exhibits human facial features or other 9
67	67	bodily morphologies to resemble human fea-10
68	68	tures; or 11
69	69	‘‘(J) an embryo produced by mixing 12
70	70	human and nonhuman cells, such that— 13
71	71	‘‘(i) human gametes develop within 14
72	72	the body of the resultant organism; 15
73	73	‘‘(ii) it contains a human brain or a 16
74	74	brain derived wholly or predominantly from 17
75	75	human neural tissues; or 18
76	76	‘‘(iii) it exhibits human facial features 19
77	77	or other bodily morphologies to resemble 20
78	78	human features. 21
79	79	‘‘(2) H
80	80	UMAN EMBRYO.—The term ‘human em-22
81	81	bryo’ means an organism of the species Homo sapi-23
82	82	ens during the earliest stages of development, from 24
83	83	1 cell up to 8 weeks. 25
84	84	VerDate Sep 11 2014 17:11 Mar 31, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H2161.IH H2161
85	85	ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 4
86	86	•HR 2161 IH
87	87	‘‘§ 1132. Prohibition on certain human-animal chi-1
88	88	meras 2
89	89	‘‘(a) I
90	90	NGENERAL.—It shall be unlawful for any per-3
91	91	son to knowingly, in or otherwise affecting interstate com-4
92	92	merce— 5
93	93	‘‘(1) create or attempt to create a prohibited 6
94	94	human-animal chimera; 7
95	95	‘‘(2) transfer or attempt to transfer a human 8
96	96	embryo into a nonhuman womb; 9
97	97	‘‘(3) transfer or attempt to transfer a non-10
98	98	human embryo into a human womb; or 11
99	99	‘‘(4) transport or receive for any purpose a pro-12
100	100	hibited human-animal chimera. 13
101	101	‘‘(b) P
102	102	ENALTIES.— 14
103	103	‘‘(1) I
104	104	N GENERAL.—Whoever violates subsection 15
105	105	(a) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not 16
106	106	more than 10 years, or both. 17
107	107	‘‘(2) C
108	108	IVIL PENALTY.—Whoever violates sub-18
109	109	section (a) and derives pecuniary gain from such vio-19
110	110	lation shall be subject to a civil fine of the greater 20
111	111	of $1,000,000 and an amount equal to the amount 21
112	112	of the gross gain multiplied by 2. 22
113	113	‘‘(c) R
114	114	ULE OFCONSTRUCTION.—This section does 23
115	115	not prohibit research involving the use of transgenic ani-24
116	116	mal models containing human genes or transplantation of 25
117	117	VerDate Sep 11 2014 17:11 Mar 31, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H2161.IH H2161
118	118	ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 5
119	119	•HR 2161 IH
120	120	human organs, tissues, or cells into recipient animals, if 1
121	121	such activities are not prohibited under subsection (a).’’. 2
122	122	SEC. 3. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT. 3
123	123	The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United 4
124	124	States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relat-5
125	125	ing to chapter 51 the following: 6
126	126	‘‘52. Certain types of human-animal chimeras prohibited.’’.
127	127	Æ
128	128	VerDate Sep 11 2014 17:11 Mar 31, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6301 E:\BILLS\H2161.IH H2161
129	129	ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS