Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session

Us Congress House Bill HB2405 Compare Versions

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11 I
22 119THCONGRESS
33 1
44 STSESSION H. R. 2405
55 To direct the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior
66 to carry out activities to provide for white oak restoration, and for
77 other purposes.
88 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
99 MARCH27, 2025
1010 Mr. B
1111 ARR(for himself, Mr. COMER, Mr. DESJARLAIS, Mr. ROGERSof Ken-
1212 tucky, Mr. G
1313 UTHRIE, Mr. MCGARVEY, Mr. COHEN, and Mr. BERA) intro-
1414 duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Agri-
1515 culture, and in addition to the Committee on Natural Resources, for a
1616 period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for
1717 consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the com-
1818 mittee concerned
1919 A BILL
2020 To direct the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary
2121 of the Interior to carry out activities to provide for
2222 white oak restoration, and for other purposes.
2323 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
2424 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
2525 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
2626 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘The White Oak Resil-4
2727 ience Act’’. 5
2828 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 6
2929 In this Act: 7
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3333 (1) GOVERNOR.—The term ‘‘Governor’’ means 1
3434 the Governor or any appropriate executive official of 2
3535 an affected State or Indian Tribe or the Common-3
3636 wealth of Puerto Rico. 4
3737 (2) I
3838 NDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian Tribe’’ 5
3939 has the meaning given that term in section 4 of the 6
4040 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 7
4141 Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). 8
4242 (3) S
4343 TATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each of 9
4444 the several States, the District of Columbia, and 10
4545 each territory of the United States. 11
4646 SEC. 3. WHITE OAK RESTORATION INITIATIVE COALITION. 12
4747 (a) I
4848 NGENERAL.—The White Oak Restoration Ini-13
4949 tiative Coalition shall be established— 14
5050 (1) as a voluntary collaborative group of Fed-15
5151 eral, State, Tribal, and local governments and pri-16
5252 vate and non-governmental organizations to carry 17
5353 out the duties described in subsection (b); and 18
5454 (2) in accordance with the charter titled ‘‘White 19
5555 Oak Initiative Coalition Charter’’ adopted by the 20
5656 White Oak Initiative Board of Directors on March 21
5757 21, 2023 (or a successor charter). 22
5858 (b) D
5959 UTIES.—In addition to the duties specified in 23
6060 the charter described in subsection (a)(2), the duties of 24
6161 the White Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition are— 25
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6565 (1) to coordinate Federal, State, Tribal, local, 1
6666 private, and non-governmental restoration of white 2
6767 oak in the United States; and 3
6868 (2) to make program and policy recommenda-4
6969 tions, consistent with applicable forest management 5
7070 plans, with respect to— 6
7171 (A) changes necessary to address Federal 7
7272 and State policies that impede activities to im-8
7373 prove the health, resiliency, and natural regen-9
7474 eration of white oak; 10
7575 (B) adopting or modifying Federal and 11
7676 State policies to increase the pace and scale of 12
7777 white oak regeneration and resiliency of white 13
7878 oak; 14
7979 (C) options to enhance communication, co-15
8080 ordination, and collaboration between forest 16
8181 land owners, particularly for cross-boundary 17
8282 projects, to improve the health, resiliency, and 18
8383 natural regeneration of white oak; 19
8484 (D) research gaps that should be ad-20
8585 dressed to improve the best available science on 21
8686 white oak; 22
8787 (E) outreach to forest landowners with 23
8888 white oak or white oak regeneration potential; 24
8989 and 25
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9393 (F) options and policies necessary to im-1
9494 prove the quality and quantity of white oak in 2
9595 tree nurseries. 3
9696 (c) A
9797 DMINISTRATIVESUPPORT, TECHNICALSERV-4
9898 ICES, ANDSTAFFSUPPORT.—The Secretary of the Inte-5
9999 rior and the Secretary of Agriculture shall make such per-6
100100 sonnel available to the White Oak Restoration Initiative 7
101101 Coalition for administrative support, technical services, 8
102102 and development and dissemination of educational mate-9
103103 rials as the Secretaries determine necessary to carry out 10
104104 this section. 11
105105 (d) P
106106 RIVATEFUNDING OFWHITEOAKRESTORA-12
107107 TIONPROJECTS.—Subject to the availability of appropria-13
108108 tions made in advance for such purpose, the Secretary of 14
109109 Agriculture may make funds available to the White Oak 15
110110 Restoration Initiative Coalition to carry out this section 16
111111 from the account established pursuant to section 1241(f) 17
112112 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(f)). 18
113113 SEC. 4. FOREST SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM. 19
114114 (a) I
115115 NGENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture, act-20
116116 ing through the Chief of the Forest Service, shall establish 21
117117 and carry out 5 pilot projects in national forests to restore 22
118118 white oak in such forests through white oak restoration 23
119119 and natural regeneration practices that are consistent with 24
120120 applicable forest management plans. 25
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124124 (b) NATIONALFORESTSRESERVED ORWITHDRAWN 1
125125 F
126126 ROM THEPUBLICDOMAIN.—At least 3 pilot projects re-2
127127 quired under subsection (a) shall be carried out on na-3
128128 tional forests reserved or withdrawn from the public do-4
129129 main. 5
130130 (c) A
131131 UTHORITYTOENTERINTOCOOPERATIVE 6
132132 A
133133 GREEMENTS.—The Secretary of Agriculture may enter 7
134134 into cooperative agreements to carry out the pilot projects 8
135135 required under subsection (a). 9
136136 (d) S
137137 UNSET.—The authority under this section shall 10
138138 terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of 11
139139 enactment of this Act. 12
140140 SEC. 5. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WHITE OAK RE-13
141141 VIEW AND RESTORATION. 14
142142 (a) A
143143 SSESSMENT.— 15
144144 (1) I
145145 N GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Inte-16
146146 rior shall carry out an assessment of land under the 17
147147 administrative jurisdiction of the Department of the 18
148148 Interior, including fish and wildlife refuges and 19
149149 abandoned mine land, to evaluate— 20
150150 (A) whether white oak is present on such 21
151151 land; and 22
152152 (B) the potential to restore white oak for-23
153153 ests on such land. 24
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157157 (2) USE OF INFORMATION.—In carrying out the 1
158158 assessment under paragraph (1), the Secretary may 2
159159 use information from sources other than the Depart-3
160160 ment of the Interior, including from the White Oak 4
161161 Initiative and the Forest Service. 5
162162 (3) R
163163 EPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the 6
164164 date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 7
165165 submit to Congress, and make publicly available on 8
166166 the website of the Department of the Interior, a re-9
167167 port regarding the results of the assessment carried 10
168168 out under this subsection. 11
169169 (b) P
170170 ILOTPROJECTS.—After the date on which the 12
171171 report required under subsection (a)(3) is submitted, the 13
172172 Secretary shall establish and carry out 5 pilot projects in 14
173173 different areas of land described in subsection (a)(1) to 15
174174 restore and naturally regenerate white oak. 16
175175 (c) A
176176 UTHORITYTOENTERINTOCOOPERATIVE 17
177177 A
178178 GREEMENTS.—The Secretary may enter into cooperative 18
179179 agreements to carry out the pilot projects required under 19
180180 subsection (b). 20
181181 (d) S
182182 UNSET.—The authority under this section shall 21
183183 terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of 22
184184 enactment of this Act. 23
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188188 SEC. 6. WHITE OAK REGENERATION AND UPLAND OAK 1
189189 HABITAT. 2
190190 (a) E
191191 STABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days after 3
192192 the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agri-4
193193 culture shall establish a non-regulatory program to be 5
194194 known as the ‘‘White Oak and Upland Oak Habitat Re-6
195195 generation Program’’ (in this section referred to as the 7
196196 ‘‘Program’’). 8
197197 (b) D
198198 UTIES.—In carrying out the Program, the Sec-9
199199 retary shall— 10
200200 (1) draw upon the best available science and 11
201201 management plans for species of white oak to iden-12
202202 tify, prioritize, and implement restoration and con-13
203203 servation activities that will improve the growth of 14
204204 white oak within the United States; 15
205205 (2) collaborate and coordinate with the White 16
206206 Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition to prioritize 17
207207 white oak restoration initiatives; 18
208208 (3) adopt a white oak restoration strategy 19
209209 that— 20
210210 (A) supports the implementation of a 21
211211 shared set of science-based restoration and con-22
212212 servation activities developed in accordance with 23
213213 paragraph (1); 24
214214 (B) targets cost effective projects with 25
215215 measurable results; and 26
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219219 (C) maximizes restoration outcomes with 1
220220 no net gain of Federal full-time equivalent em-2
221221 ployees; and 3
222222 (4) establish the voluntary grant and technical 4
223223 assistance programs in accordance with subsection 5
224224 (e). 6
225225 (c) C
226226 OORDINATION.—In establishing the Program, 7
227227 the Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Forest Serv-8
228228 ice, shall consult with— 9
229229 (1) the heads of Federal agencies, including— 10
230230 (A) the Director of the United States Fish 11
231231 and Wildlife Service; and 12
232232 (B) the Chief of the Natural Resources 13
233233 Conservation Service; and 14
234234 (2) the Governor of each State in which res-15
235235 toration efforts will be carried out pursuant to the 16
236236 Program. 17
237237 (d) P
238238 URPOSES.—The purposes of the Program in-18
239239 clude— 19
240240 (1) coordinating restoration and conservation 20
241241 activities among Federal, State, local, and Tribal en-21
242242 tities and conservation partners to address white oak 22
243243 restoration priorities; 23
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247247 (2) improving and regenerating white oak and 1
248248 upland oak forests and the wildlife habitat such for-2
249249 ests provide; 3
250250 (3) carrying out coordinated restoration and 4
251251 conservation activities that lead to the increased 5
252252 growth of species of white oak in native white oak 6
253253 regions on Federal, State, Tribal, and private land; 7
254254 (4) facilitating strategic planning to maximize 8
255255 the resilience of white oak systems and habitats 9
256256 under changing climate conditions; 10
257257 (5) engaging the public through outreach, edu-11
258258 cation, and citizen involvement to increase capacity 12
259259 and support for coordinated restoration and con-13
260260 servation activities for species of white oak; and 14
261261 (6) increasing scientific capacity to support the 15
262262 planning, monitoring, and research activities nec-16
263263 essary to carry out such coordinated restoration and 17
264264 conservation activities. 18
265265 (e) G
266266 RANTS ANDASSISTANCE.— 19
267267 (1) I
268268 N GENERAL.—To the extent that funds are 20
269269 available to carry out this section, the Secretary 21
270270 shall establish a voluntary grant and technical as-22
271271 sistance program (in this section referred to as the 23
272272 ‘‘grant program’’) to achieve the purposes of the 24
273273 Program described in subsection (d). 25
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277277 (2) ADMINISTRATION.— 1
278278 (A) I
279279 N GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 2
280280 enter into a cooperative agreement with the Na-3
281281 tional Fish and Wildlife Foundation (in this 4
282282 subsection referred to as the ‘‘Foundation’’) to 5
283283 manage and administer the grant program. 6
284284 (B) F
285285 UNDING.—Subject to the availability 7
286286 of appropriations made in advance for such 8
287287 purpose, after the Secretary enters into a coop-9
288288 erative agreement with the Foundation under 10
289289 subparagraph (A), the Foundation shall for 11
290290 each fiscal year, receive amounts to carry out 12
291291 this subsection in an advance payment of the 13
292292 entire amount on October 1, or as soon as prac-14
293293 ticable thereafter, of that fiscal year. 15
294294 (3) A
295295 PPLICATION OF NATIONAL FISH AND 16
296296 WILDLIFE FOUNDATION ESTABLISHMENT ACT .— 17
297297 Amounts received by the Foundation to carry out 18
298298 the grant program shall be subject to the National 19
299299 Fish and Wildlife Foundation Establishment Act (16 20
300300 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), excluding section 10(a) of that 21
301301 Act (16 U.S.C. 3709(a)). 22
302302 (f) S
303303 UNSET.—The authority under this section shall 23
304304 terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of 24
305305 enactment of this Act. 25
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309309 SEC. 7. TREE NURSERY SHORTAGES. 1
310310 (a) I
311311 NGENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the 2
312312 date of enactment of this section, the Secretary of Agri-3
313313 culture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service, 4
314314 shall— 5
315315 (1) develop and implement a national strategy 6
316316 to increase the capacity of Federal, State, Tribal, 7
317317 and private tree nurseries to address the nationwide 8
318318 shortage of tree seedlings; and 9
319319 (2) coordinate such strategy with— 10
320320 (A) the national reforestation strategy of 11
321321 the Forest Service; and 12
322322 (B) each regional implementation plan for 13
323323 National Forests. 14
324324 (b) E
325325 LEMENTS.—The strategy required under sub-15
326326 section (a) shall— 16
327327 (1) be based on the best available science and 17
328328 data; and 18
329329 (2) identify and address— 19
330330 (A) regional seedling shortages of bareroot 20
331331 and container tree seedlings; 21
332332 (B) regional reforestation opportunities 22
333333 and the seedling supply necessary to fulfill such 23
334334 opportunities; 24
335335 (C) opportunities to enhance seedling di-25
336336 versity and close gaps in seed inventories; and 26
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340340 (D) barriers to expanding, enhancing, or 1
341341 creating new infrastructure to increase nursery 2
342342 capacity. 3
343343 SEC. 8. WHITE OAK RESEARCH. 4
344344 (a) I
345345 NGENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture may 5
346346 enter into a memorandum of understanding with an In-6
347347 dian Tribe or institution, including a covered land grant 7
348348 college, to collaboratively conduct research on— 8
349349 (1) white oak genes with resistance or tolerance 9
350350 to stress; 10
351351 (2) white oak trees that exhibit vigor for the 11
352352 purpose of increasing survival and growth; 12
353353 (3) establishing a genetically diverse white oak 13
354354 seeds bank capable of responding to stressors; 14
355355 (4) providing a sustainable supply of white oak 15
356356 seedlings and genetic resources; 16
357357 (5) improved methods for aligning seed sources 17
358358 with the future climate at planting sites; 18
359359 (6) reforestation of white oak through natural 19
360360 and artificial regeneration; 20
361361 (7) improved methods for retaining and increas-21
362362 ing white oak trees in forests; 22
363363 (8) improved methods for reforesting aban-23
364364 doned mine land sites; and 24
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368368 (9) economic and social aspects of white oak 1
369369 forest management across land ownerships. 2
370370 (b) C
371371 ONSULT.—In carrying out the research under 3
372372 subsection (a), the Indian Tribe or institution, including 4
373373 a covered land grant college, that enters into the memo-5
374374 randum of understanding under such subsection may con-6
375375 sult with such States, nonprofit organizations, institutions 7
376376 of higher education, and other scientific bodies, as the en-8
377377 tity subject to such memorandum determines appropriate. 9
378378 (c) S
379379 UNSET.—The authority under this section shall 10
380380 terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of 11
381381 enactment of this Act. 12
382382 (d) C
383383 OVEREDLANDGRANTCOLLEGEDEFINED.— 13
384384 In this section, the term ‘‘covered land grant college’’ 14
385385 means an 1862 Institution, an 1890 Institution, or a 1994 15
386386 Institution (as such terms are defined, respectively, in sec-16
387387 tion 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Edu-17
388388 cation Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601)). 18
389389 SEC. 9. USDA FORMAL INITIATIVE. 19
390390 (a) I
391391 NGENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture, act-20
392392 ing through the Chief of the Natural Resources Conserva-21
393393 tion Service and in coordination with the Chief of the For-22
394394 est Service, shall establish a formal initiative on white oak 23
395395 to— 24
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399399 (1) re-establish white oak forests where appro-1
400400 priate; 2
401401 (2) improve management of existing white oak 3
402402 forests to foster natural regeneration of white oak; 4
403403 (3) provide technical assistance to private land-5
404404 owners to re-establish, improve management of, and 6
405405 naturally regenerate white oak; 7
406406 (4) improve and expand white oak nursery 8
407407 stock; and 9
408408 (5) adapt and improve white oak seedlings. 10
409409 (b) S
410410 UNSET.—The authority under this section shall 11
411411 terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of 12
412412 enactment of this Act. 13
413413 SEC. 10. AUTHORITIES. 14
414414 To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary of 15
415415 the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture shall use the 16
416416 authorities provided under this title in combination with 17
417417 other authorities to carry out projects, including— 18
418418 (1) good neighbor agreements entered into 19
419419 under section 8206 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 20
420420 (16 U.S.C. 2113a); and 21
421421 (2) stewardship contracting projects entered 22
422422 into under section 604 of the Healthy Forests Res-23
423423 toration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591c). 24
424424 Æ
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