| 1 | 1 | | I |
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| 2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION H. R. 2505 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To require the development of strategies and options to prevent the export |
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| 6 | 6 | | to Iran of certain technologies related to unmanned aircraft systems, |
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| 7 | 7 | | and for other purposes. |
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| 8 | 8 | | IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
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| 9 | 9 | | MARCH31, 2025 |
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| 10 | 10 | | Mr. K |
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| 11 | 11 | | EATING(for himself and Mr. WILSONof South Carolina) introduced the |
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| 12 | 12 | | following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, |
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| 13 | 13 | | and in addition to the Committee on Armed Services, for a period to be |
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| 14 | 14 | | subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration |
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| 15 | 15 | | of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee con- |
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| 16 | 16 | | cerned |
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| 17 | 17 | | A BILL |
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| 18 | 18 | | To require the development of strategies and options to pre- |
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| 19 | 19 | | vent the export to Iran of certain technologies related |
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| 20 | 20 | | to unmanned aircraft systems, and for other purposes. |
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| 21 | 21 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 22 | 22 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 23 | 23 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 24 | 24 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Block the Use of 4 |
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| 25 | 25 | | Transatlantic Technology in Iranian Made Drones Act’’. 5 |
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| 26 | 26 | | SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 6 |
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| 27 | 27 | | Congress finds the following: 7 |
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| 30 | 30 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 31 | 31 | | (1) The Iranian regime has provided financial 1 |
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| 32 | 32 | | and material support, including the provision of un-2 |
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| 33 | 33 | | manned aircraft systems, to United States adver-3 |
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| 34 | 34 | | saries, including terrorist organizations such as 4 |
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| 35 | 35 | | Hamas, Hezbollah, the Houthis, and Palestinian Is-5 |
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| 36 | 36 | | lamic Jihad, and the Russian Federation as a part 6 |
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| 37 | 37 | | of its illegal war of aggression against Ukraine. 7 |
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| 38 | 38 | | (2) In 2022, the United States established an 8 |
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| 39 | 39 | | interagency task force to investigate how United 9 |
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| 40 | 40 | | States and Western-made technology has been incor-10 |
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| 41 | 41 | | porated into unmanned aircraft systems produced by 11 |
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| 42 | 42 | | Iran and take appropriate steps in response. 12 |
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| 43 | 43 | | (3) On June 9, 2023, the Department of State, 13 |
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| 44 | 44 | | the Department of Justice, the Department of Com-14 |
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| 45 | 45 | | merce, and the Department of the Treasury issued 15 |
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| 46 | 46 | | a joint advisory to alert persons and businesses glob-16 |
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| 47 | 47 | | ally to the threat of Iran’s unmanned aircraft sys-17 |
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| 48 | 48 | | tems and the need to take appropriate steps to avoid 18 |
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| 49 | 49 | | or prevent any activities that would support the fur-19 |
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| 50 | 50 | | ther development of Iran’s unmanned aircraft pro-20 |
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| 51 | 51 | | gram. 21 |
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| 52 | 52 | | (4) In recent years the United States enacted 22 |
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| 53 | 53 | | sanctions targeting— 23 |
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| 54 | 54 | | (A) the unmanned aircraft industry and 24 |
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| 55 | 55 | | missile industry of Iran; 25 |
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| 58 | 58 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 59 | 59 | | (B) entities, individuals, and vessels that 1 |
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| 60 | 60 | | played a central role in facilitating and financ-2 |
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| 61 | 61 | | ing the clandestine sale of Iranian unmanned 3 |
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| 62 | 62 | | aerial vehicles; and 4 |
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| 63 | 63 | | (C) entities associated with the Iranian de-5 |
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| 64 | 64 | | fense ministry’s procurement of critical compo-6 |
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| 65 | 65 | | nents for missiles and drones. 7 |
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| 66 | 66 | | SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 8 |
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| 67 | 67 | | It is the sense of Congress that— 9 |
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| 68 | 68 | | (1) controlling the end use of dual use tech-10 |
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| 69 | 69 | | nology and highly ubiquitous parts thereof in the 11 |
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| 70 | 70 | | global market is difficult for manufacturers and gov-12 |
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| 71 | 71 | | ernment regulators alike; 13 |
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| 72 | 72 | | (2) Iranian-made unmanned aircraft systems 14 |
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| 73 | 73 | | play a key role in the Russian Federation’s illegal 15 |
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| 74 | 74 | | war of aggression against Ukraine, including attacks 16 |
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| 75 | 75 | | on civilian population centers and critical infrastruc-17 |
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| 76 | 76 | | ture such as power plants and ports; and 18 |
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| 77 | 77 | | (3) the United States, along with the allies and 19 |
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| 78 | 78 | | partners of the United States, must ensure that 20 |
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| 79 | 79 | | technology designed or produced by United States or 21 |
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| 80 | 80 | | using certain United States software, technology, or 22 |
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| 81 | 81 | | production equipment, is not used to support the 23 |
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| 82 | 82 | | Russian Federation’s war of aggression against 24 |
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| 83 | 83 | | Ukraine or used by Hamas to attack Israel, particu-25 |
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| 86 | 86 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 87 | 87 | | larly in the case of unmanned aircraft systems pro-1 |
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| 88 | 88 | | duced by Iran. 2 |
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| 89 | 89 | | SEC. 4. STRATEGIES TO PREVENT EXPORT TO IRAN OF 3 |
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| 90 | 90 | | CERTAIN TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO UN-4 |
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| 91 | 91 | | MANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS. 5 |
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| 92 | 92 | | (a) D |
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| 93 | 93 | | EPARTMENT OFCOMMERCESTRATEGY.— 6 |
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| 94 | 94 | | (1) S |
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| 95 | 95 | | TRATEGY REQUIRED .—The Secretary of 7 |
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| 96 | 96 | | Commerce (in consultation with the Secretary of 8 |
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| 97 | 97 | | State, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of 9 |
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| 98 | 98 | | National Intelligence) shall develop a strategy to 10 |
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| 99 | 99 | | prevent the illegal export to Iran by United States 11 |
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| 100 | 100 | | persons regarding technologies used or that may be 12 |
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| 101 | 101 | | used in the design, development, production, or oper-13 |
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| 102 | 102 | | ational employment of unmanned aircraft systems by 14 |
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| 103 | 103 | | Iran, including the following microelectronics: 15 |
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| 104 | 104 | | (A) Microcontrollers. 16 |
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| 105 | 105 | | (B) Voltage regulators. 17 |
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| 106 | 106 | | (C) Digital signal controllers. 18 |
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| 107 | 107 | | (D) GPS modules. 19 |
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| 108 | 108 | | (E) Microprocessors. 20 |
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| 109 | 109 | | (2) E |
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| 110 | 110 | | LEMENTS.—The strategy under paragraph 21 |
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| 111 | 111 | | (1) shall include, at a minimum, the following ele-22 |
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| 112 | 112 | | ments: 23 |
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| 113 | 113 | | (A) A process for the Secretary of Com-24 |
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| 114 | 114 | | merce (in coordination with the Secretaries and 25 |
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| 117 | 117 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 118 | 118 | | heads specified in paragraph (1)) to proactively 1 |
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| 119 | 119 | | identify— 2 |
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| 120 | 120 | | (i) current and emerging technologies 3 |
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| 121 | 121 | | used or that may be used by Iran in the 4 |
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| 122 | 122 | | design, development, production, or oper-5 |
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| 123 | 123 | | ational employment of unmanned aircraft 6 |
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| 124 | 124 | | systems (including critical components 7 |
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| 125 | 125 | | thereof); 8 |
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| 126 | 126 | | (ii) United States manufacturers of 9 |
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| 127 | 127 | | such technologies; and 10 |
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| 128 | 128 | | (iii) foreign manufacturers and 11 |
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| 129 | 129 | | proliferators of such technologies. 12 |
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| 130 | 130 | | (B) A process for the Secretary of Com-13 |
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| 131 | 131 | | merce (in coordination with the Secretaries and 14 |
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| 132 | 132 | | heads specified in paragraph (1)) to proactively 15 |
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| 133 | 133 | | identify third-party distributors and resellers of 16 |
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| 134 | 134 | | the technologies specified in subparagraph 17 |
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| 135 | 135 | | (A)(i) that, through the use of intermediaries 18 |
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| 136 | 136 | | with no or nominal operations or assets, or 19 |
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| 137 | 137 | | through other mechanisms, contrive to cir-20 |
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| 138 | 138 | | cumvent export controls for such items with re-21 |
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| 139 | 139 | | spect to Iran. 22 |
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| 140 | 140 | | (C) A methodology for the Secretary of 23 |
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| 141 | 141 | | Commerce to proactively engage the United 24 |
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| 142 | 142 | | States manufacturers identified pursuant to the 25 |
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| 145 | 145 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 146 | 146 | | process under subparagraph (A)(ii), to provide 1 |
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| 147 | 147 | | such manufacturers with timely updates to the 2 |
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| 148 | 148 | | list of third-party distributors and resellers 3 |
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| 149 | 149 | | identified pursuant to the process under sub-4 |
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| 150 | 150 | | paragraph (B). 5 |
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| 151 | 151 | | (3) S |
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| 152 | 152 | | UBMISSION.—Not later than 60 days after 6 |
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| 153 | 153 | | the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 7 |
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| 154 | 154 | | of Commerce shall submit to the appropriate con-8 |
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| 155 | 155 | | gressional committees the strategy under paragraph 9 |
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| 156 | 156 | | (1). 10 |
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| 157 | 157 | | (4) F |
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| 158 | 158 | | ORM.—The report required by subsection 11 |
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| 159 | 159 | | (a)(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 12 |
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| 160 | 160 | | portions of the report described in paragraphs (1) 13 |
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| 161 | 161 | | and (2) may contain a classified annex, so long as 14 |
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| 162 | 162 | | such annex is provided separately from the unclassi-15 |
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| 163 | 163 | | fied report. 16 |
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| 164 | 164 | | (b) D |
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| 165 | 165 | | EPARTMENT OFSTATESTRATEGY.— 17 |
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| 166 | 166 | | (1) S |
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| 167 | 167 | | TRATEGY REQUIRED .—The Secretary of 18 |
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| 168 | 168 | | State (in coordination with the Secretary of Com-19 |
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| 169 | 169 | | merce, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of 20 |
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| 170 | 170 | | National Intelligence) shall develop a strategy to 21 |
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| 171 | 171 | | prevent the export to Iran of technologies from the 22 |
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| 172 | 172 | | United States and allied and partner countries 23 |
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| 173 | 173 | | which are used, or may be used, by Iran in the de-24 |
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| 174 | 174 | | sign, development, production, or operational em-25 |
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| 177 | 177 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 178 | 178 | | ployment of unmanned aircraft systems (including 1 |
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| 179 | 179 | | the microelectronics listed in subparagraphs (A) 2 |
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| 180 | 180 | | through (F) of subsection (a)(1)). 3 |
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| 181 | 181 | | (2) E |
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| 182 | 182 | | LEMENTS.—The strategy under paragraph 4 |
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| 183 | 183 | | (1) shall include, at a minimum, the following ele-5 |
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| 184 | 184 | | ments: 6 |
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| 185 | 185 | | (A) A process for the Secretary of State 7 |
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| 186 | 186 | | (in consultation with the relevant Secretaries 8 |
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| 187 | 187 | | and heads specified in paragraph (1)) to 9 |
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| 188 | 188 | | proactively identify foreign manufacturers of 10 |
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| 189 | 189 | | the technologies referred to in such paragraph. 11 |
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| 190 | 190 | | (B) A process for the Secretary of State to 12 |
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| 191 | 191 | | engage with any ally or partner of the United 13 |
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| 192 | 192 | | States regarding technologies which have been 14 |
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| 193 | 193 | | incorporated into an unmanned aircraft system 15 |
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| 194 | 194 | | produced by Iran, for the purpose of synchro-16 |
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| 195 | 195 | | nizing the export control regime of such ally or 17 |
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| 196 | 196 | | partner with the United States export controls 18 |
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| 197 | 197 | | developed by the Secretary of Commerce pursu-19 |
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| 198 | 198 | | ant to the strategy under subsection (a) with 20 |
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| 199 | 199 | | respect to such technology. 21 |
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| 200 | 200 | | (3) S |
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| 201 | 201 | | UBMISSION.—Not later than 90 days after 22 |
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| 202 | 202 | | the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 23 |
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| 203 | 203 | | of State shall submit to the appropriate congres-24 |
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| 204 | 204 | | sional committees the strategy under paragraph (1). 25 |
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| 207 | 207 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 208 | 208 | | (4) FORM.—The report required by subsection 1 |
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| 209 | 209 | | (b)(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but 2 |
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| 210 | 210 | | portions of the report described in paragraphs (1) 3 |
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| 211 | 211 | | and (2) may contain a classified annex, so long as 4 |
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| 212 | 212 | | such annex is provided separately from the unclassi-5 |
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| 213 | 213 | | fied report. 6 |
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| 214 | 214 | | (c) R |
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| 215 | 215 | | EQUIREMENT FOR SECRETARY OFDEFENSETO 7 |
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| 216 | 216 | | D |
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| 217 | 217 | | EVELOPRANGE OFOPTIONS.— 8 |
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| 218 | 218 | | (1) I |
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| 219 | 219 | | N GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 9 |
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| 220 | 220 | | the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 10 |
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| 221 | 221 | | of Defense (in coordination with the Secretary of 11 |
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| 222 | 222 | | State and the Director of National Intelligence) shall 12 |
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| 223 | 223 | | develop a range of options that may be employed by 13 |
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| 224 | 224 | | the Armed Forces of the United States to counter 14 |
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| 225 | 225 | | or otherwise deny Iran the ability to acquire tech-15 |
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| 226 | 226 | | nologies used, or that may be used, in the design, 16 |
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| 227 | 227 | | development, production, or operational employment 17 |
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| 228 | 228 | | of unmanned aircraft systems by Iran, including the 18 |
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| 229 | 229 | | following technologies: 19 |
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| 230 | 230 | | (A) Microcontrollers. 20 |
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| 231 | 231 | | (B) Voltage regulators. 21 |
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| 232 | 232 | | (C) Digital signal controllers. 22 |
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| 233 | 233 | | (D) GPS modules. 23 |
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| 234 | 234 | | (E) Microprocessors. 24 |
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| 237 | 237 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 238 | 238 | | (F) Computer Aided Design (CAD) soft-1 |
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| 239 | 239 | | ware. 2 |
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| 240 | 240 | | (G) Computer numerical control machines. 3 |
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| 241 | 241 | | (2) B |
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| 242 | 242 | | RIEFING.—Not later than 45 days after 4 |
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| 243 | 243 | | the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 5 |
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| 244 | 244 | | of Defense shall provide to the appropriate congres-6 |
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| 245 | 245 | | sional committees a briefing on the options devel-7 |
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| 246 | 246 | | oped under paragraph (1). 8 |
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| 247 | 247 | | SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS. 9 |
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| 248 | 248 | | In this Act: 10 |
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| 249 | 249 | | (1) A |
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| 250 | 250 | | PPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT -11 |
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| 251 | 251 | | TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-12 |
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| 252 | 252 | | mittees’’ means the following: 13 |
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| 253 | 253 | | (A) The Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 14 |
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| 254 | 254 | | Committee on Armed Services, and the Perma-15 |
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| 255 | 255 | | nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 16 |
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| 256 | 256 | | House of Representatives. 17 |
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| 257 | 257 | | (B) The Committee on Foreign Relations, 18 |
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| 258 | 258 | | the Committee on Armed Services, the Com-19 |
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| 259 | 259 | | mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 20 |
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| 260 | 260 | | and the Permanent Select Committee on Intel-21 |
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| 261 | 261 | | ligence of the Senate. 22 |
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| 262 | 262 | | (2) U |
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| 263 | 263 | | NMANNED AIRCRAFT ; UNMANNED AIR -23 |
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| 264 | 264 | | CRAFT SYSTEM.—The terms ‘‘unmanned aircraft’’ 24 |
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| 265 | 265 | | and ‘‘unmanned aircraft system’’ have the meanings 25 |
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| 268 | 268 | | •HR 2505 IH |
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| 269 | 269 | | given those terms in section 130i of title 10, United 1 |
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| 270 | 270 | | States Code. 2 |
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| 271 | 271 | | Æ |
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