| 1 | 1 | | I |
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| 2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION H. R. 2556 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To enhance national security and energy independence through comprehensive |
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| 6 | 6 | | offshore energy resource assessment and mapping, to establish a frame- |
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| 7 | 7 | | work for the regular review and standardization of offshore resource |
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| 8 | 8 | | exploration methodologies, and for related purposes. |
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| 9 | 9 | | IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
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| 10 | 10 | | APRIL1, 2025 |
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| 11 | 11 | | Mr. H |
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| 12 | 12 | | UNTintroduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee |
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| 13 | 13 | | on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and |
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| 14 | 14 | | Commerce, and Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently deter- |
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| 15 | 15 | | mined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions |
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| 16 | 16 | | as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned |
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| 17 | 17 | | A BILL |
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| 18 | 18 | | To enhance national security and energy independence |
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| 19 | 19 | | through comprehensive offshore energy resource assess- |
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| 20 | 20 | | ment and mapping, to establish a framework for the |
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| 21 | 21 | | regular review and standardization of offshore resource |
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| 22 | 22 | | exploration methodologies, and for related purposes. |
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| 23 | 23 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 24 | 24 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 25 | 25 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 26 | 26 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Comprehensive Off-4 |
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| 27 | 27 | | shore Resource Enhancement Act of 2025’’ or the ‘‘CORE 5 |
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| 28 | 28 | | Act of 2025’’. 6 |
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| 31 | 31 | | •HR 2556 IH |
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| 32 | 32 | | SEC. 2. ASSESSMENT OF OFFSHORE ENERGY RESOURCES 1 |
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| 33 | 33 | | AND RESERVES. 2 |
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| 34 | 34 | | (a) D |
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| 35 | 35 | | EFINITIONS.—In this section: 3 |
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| 36 | 36 | | (1) E |
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| 37 | 37 | | XPLORATION; DEVELOPMENT, PRODUC-4 |
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| 38 | 38 | | TION.—The terms ‘‘exploration’’, ‘‘development’’, 5 |
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| 39 | 39 | | and ‘‘production’’ have the meanings given such 6 |
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| 40 | 40 | | terms in section 2 of the Outer Continental Shelf 7 |
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| 41 | 41 | | Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331). 8 |
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| 42 | 42 | | (2) S |
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| 43 | 43 | | ECRETARIES.—The term ‘‘Secretaries’’ 9 |
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| 44 | 44 | | means the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of the 10 |
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| 45 | 45 | | Interior, and the Secretary of State. 11 |
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| 46 | 46 | | (b) R |
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| 47 | 47 | | EPORT ONTRANSBOUNDARY HYDROCARBON 12 |
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| 48 | 48 | | R |
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| 49 | 49 | | ESERVOIRS.— 13 |
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| 50 | 50 | | (1) I |
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| 51 | 51 | | N GENERAL.—Not later than 18 months 14 |
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| 52 | 52 | | after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secre-15 |
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| 53 | 53 | | taries shall jointly submit to the Committee on En-16 |
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| 54 | 54 | | ergy and Natural Resources and the Committee on 17 |
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| 55 | 55 | | Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee 18 |
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| 56 | 56 | | on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on Nat-19 |
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| 57 | 57 | | ural Resources, and the Committee on Foreign Af-20 |
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| 58 | 58 | | fairs of the House of Representatives a report that 21 |
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| 59 | 59 | | includes the following: 22 |
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| 60 | 60 | | (A) An identification and assessment of 23 |
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| 61 | 61 | | any existing transboundary hydrocarbon res-24 |
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| 62 | 62 | | ervoirs, including those covered by bilateral 25 |
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| 63 | 63 | | maritime boundary treaties and agreements, 26 |
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| 67 | 67 | | and any potential transboundary areas for fu-1 |
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| 68 | 68 | | ture exploration, development, and production 2 |
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| 69 | 69 | | of hydrocarbons. 3 |
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| 70 | 70 | | (B) An analysis of the legal frameworks 4 |
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| 71 | 71 | | established by relevant maritime boundary trea-5 |
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| 72 | 72 | | ties and agreements, including provisions re-6 |
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| 73 | 73 | | lated to the equitable exploration, development, 7 |
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| 74 | 74 | | and production of transboundary hydrocarbon 8 |
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| 75 | 75 | | reservoirs and mechanisms for resolving dis-9 |
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| 76 | 76 | | putes, and their adoption by counterparty na-10 |
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| 77 | 77 | | tions. 11 |
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| 78 | 78 | | (C) An evaluation of the potential eco-12 |
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| 79 | 79 | | nomic, environmental, and geopolitical implica-13 |
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| 80 | 80 | | tions of transboundary hydrocarbon exploration, 14 |
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| 81 | 81 | | development, and production, including impacts 15 |
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| 82 | 82 | | on domestic energy security, greenhouse gas 16 |
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| 83 | 83 | | emissions, and international relations. 17 |
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| 84 | 84 | | (D) Recommendations for enhancing co-18 |
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| 85 | 85 | | operation and coordination among the United 19 |
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| 86 | 86 | | States and neighboring countries in the explo-20 |
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| 87 | 87 | | ration, development, and production of trans-21 |
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| 88 | 88 | | boundary hydrocarbon reservoirs, including 22 |
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| 89 | 89 | | mechanisms for information sharing, joint ex-23 |
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| 90 | 90 | | ploration, development, and production, and 24 |
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| 91 | 91 | | dispute resolution. 25 |
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| 95 | 95 | | (E) Data and insights derived from recent 1 |
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| 96 | 96 | | collaborative efforts between the United States 2 |
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| 97 | 97 | | and Canada, such as seismic data collection, 3 |
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| 98 | 98 | | and an analysis of how such efforts can inform 4 |
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| 99 | 99 | | the delineation of maritime boundaries. 5 |
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| 100 | 100 | | (F) An examination of unresolved mari-6 |
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| 101 | 101 | | time boundaries between the United States and 7 |
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| 102 | 102 | | Canada, particularly those involving potential 8 |
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| 103 | 103 | | transboundary hydrocarbon reservoirs, and an 9 |
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| 104 | 104 | | identification of potential legal and diplomatic 10 |
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| 105 | 105 | | avenues to resolve disputes over such bound-11 |
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| 106 | 106 | | aries, including the possibility of involving inter-12 |
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| 107 | 107 | | national judicial bodies such as the Inter-13 |
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| 108 | 108 | | national Court of Justice or a chamber con-14 |
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| 109 | 109 | | stituted by such Court pursuant to a special 15 |
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| 110 | 110 | | agreement between the parties. 16 |
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| 111 | 111 | | (G) A review of existing data on the poten-17 |
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| 112 | 112 | | tial for shared exploration, development, and 18 |
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| 113 | 113 | | production of transboundary hydrocarbon res-19 |
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| 114 | 114 | | ervoirs in disputed maritime zones between the 20 |
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| 115 | 115 | | United States and Canada, with recommenda-21 |
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| 116 | 116 | | tions for further studies or negotiations to ad-22 |
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| 117 | 117 | | dress uncertainties and maximize joint explo-23 |
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| 118 | 118 | | ration, development, and production opportuni-24 |
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| 119 | 119 | | ties. 25 |
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| 123 | 123 | | (H) A comprehensive review of activities by 1 |
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| 124 | 124 | | neighboring countries, including Cuba, Mexico, 2 |
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| 125 | 125 | | Canada, the Bahamas, and Russia, regarding 3 |
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| 126 | 126 | | the exploration, development, seismic surveying, 4 |
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| 127 | 127 | | drilling, production, or any other activity re-5 |
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| 128 | 128 | | lated to transboundary hydrocarbon reservoirs, 6 |
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| 129 | 129 | | which such review shall include the status of 7 |
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| 130 | 130 | | any bilateral or multilateral agreements, an as-8 |
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| 131 | 131 | | sessment of foreign exploration, development, 9 |
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| 132 | 132 | | and production efforts within transboundary 10 |
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| 133 | 133 | | zones adjacent to United States maritime 11 |
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| 134 | 134 | | boundaries, and an analysis of the potential im-12 |
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| 135 | 135 | | plications of these activities for United States 13 |
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| 136 | 136 | | energy security, environmental impacts, and 14 |
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| 137 | 137 | | geopolitical considerations. 15 |
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| 138 | 138 | | (2) O |
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| 139 | 139 | | THER REQUIREMENTS .—In preparing the 16 |
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| 140 | 140 | | report required to be submitted under paragraph 17 |
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| 141 | 141 | | (1), the Secretaries shall— 18 |
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| 142 | 142 | | (A) prioritize the acquisition and use of 19 |
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| 143 | 143 | | advanced geophysical, geological, and 20 |
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| 144 | 144 | | geotechnical data and methods; 21 |
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| 145 | 145 | | (B) acquire and apply new and emerging 22 |
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| 146 | 146 | | modeling and analytic technologies, including 23 |
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| 147 | 147 | | data analysis tools, quantum computing, artifi-24 |
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| 148 | 148 | | cial intelligence, modeling, and geographic in-25 |
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| 151 | 151 | | •HR 2556 IH |
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| 152 | 152 | | formation systems, to approximate the quantity 1 |
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| 153 | 153 | | and establish a peer-reviewed range of resources 2 |
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| 154 | 154 | | in each regional planning area with a discussion 3 |
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| 155 | 155 | | of the upper and lower bound of the estimates 4 |
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| 156 | 156 | | with that discussion to include recommenda-5 |
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| 157 | 157 | | tions as to how to reduce the range of uncer-6 |
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| 158 | 158 | | tainty; and 7 |
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| 159 | 159 | | (C) in partnership with other relevant Fed-8 |
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| 160 | 160 | | eral agencies, including the National Science 9 |
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| 161 | 161 | | Foundation, the National Oceanic and Atmos-10 |
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| 162 | 162 | | pheric Administration, and the Office of Naval 11 |
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| 163 | 163 | | Research, utilize any existing maritime vessels 12 |
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| 164 | 164 | | or deployed capability, including any geo-13 |
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| 165 | 165 | | physical, geological, or related mapping tech-14 |
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| 166 | 166 | | nologies. 15 |
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| 167 | 167 | | (c) S |
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| 168 | 168 | | TANDARDIZATION OF EXISTINGREPORTS.— 16 |
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| 169 | 169 | | Section 357 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 17 |
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| 170 | 170 | | 15912) is amended— 18 |
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| 171 | 171 | | (1) in subsection (a)— 19 |
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| 172 | 172 | | (A) by inserting ‘‘, in consultation with 20 |
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| 173 | 173 | | other relevant Federal agencies and not less 21 |
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| 174 | 174 | | frequently than once every 5 years,’’ after ‘‘Sec-22 |
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| 175 | 175 | | retary shall’’; and 23 |
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| 176 | 176 | | (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘of Mex-24 |
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| 177 | 177 | | ico and Canada’’; 25 |
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| 181 | 181 | | (2) by redesignating subsection (b) as sub-1 |
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| 182 | 182 | | section (d); 2 |
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| 183 | 183 | | (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the fol-3 |
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| 184 | 184 | | lowing: 4 |
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| 185 | 185 | | ‘‘(b) I |
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| 186 | 186 | | NCLUSIONS.—An inventory and analysis con-5 |
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| 187 | 187 | | ducted under subsection (a) shall include the following: 6 |
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| 188 | 188 | | ‘‘(1) An assessment of the approximate quan-7 |
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| 189 | 189 | | tity of undiscovered resources in the Atlantic region, 8 |
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| 190 | 190 | | the Pacific region off the coasts of California, Or-9 |
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| 191 | 191 | | egon, Washington, and Hawaii, the Alaska region, 10 |
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| 192 | 192 | | the Gulf of America region, and offshore of terri-11 |
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| 193 | 193 | | tories of the United States, which shall include the 12 |
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| 194 | 194 | | following: 13 |
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| 195 | 195 | | ‘‘(A) A detailed analysis of how the future 14 |
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| 196 | 196 | | production of these undiscovered resources 15 |
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| 197 | 197 | | could influence the United States capacity to 16 |
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| 198 | 198 | | competitively produce, market, and export hy-17 |
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| 199 | 199 | | drocarbons on a global scale. Such detailed 18 |
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| 200 | 200 | | analysis shall consider key market variables 19 |
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| 201 | 201 | | such as global supply and demand dynamics, 20 |
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| 202 | 202 | | projected price points, geopolitical factors, and 21 |
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| 203 | 203 | | the role of United States production in main-22 |
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| 204 | 204 | | taining global energy security. 23 |
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| 205 | 205 | | ‘‘(B) An economic analysis of how the de-24 |
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| 206 | 206 | | velopment and production of these undiscovered 25 |
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| 210 | 210 | | resources would affect domestic employment 1 |
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| 211 | 211 | | across the supply chain. Such economic analysis 2 |
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| 212 | 212 | | shall include direct, indirect, and induced job 3 |
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| 213 | 213 | | impacts, emphasizing the potential for job cre-4 |
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| 214 | 214 | | ation in exploration, production, refining, logis-5 |
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| 215 | 215 | | tics, and associated industries. 6 |
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| 216 | 216 | | ‘‘(2) An identification and assessment of how 7 |
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| 217 | 217 | | the unavailability for leasing of any lands that are 8 |
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| 218 | 218 | | withdrawn under section 12 of the Outer Conti-9 |
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| 219 | 219 | | nental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1341) or part of 10 |
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| 220 | 220 | | the National Marine Sanctuary System established 11 |
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| 221 | 221 | | by section 301(c) of the National Marine Sanc-12 |
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| 222 | 222 | | tuaries Act (16 U.S.C. 1431(c)) affects— 13 |
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| 223 | 223 | | ‘‘(A) the exploration, development, and 14 |
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| 224 | 224 | | production of oil and gas; 15 |
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| 225 | 225 | | ‘‘(B) national security, including the Na-16 |
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| 226 | 226 | | tion’s ability to supply the Armed Forces, its al-17 |
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| 227 | 227 | | lies, and trade partners with products derived 18 |
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| 228 | 228 | | from offshore oil or gas; 19 |
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| 229 | 229 | | ‘‘(C) domestic jobs and employment; and 20 |
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| 230 | 230 | | ‘‘(D) the amount of revenue States and 21 |
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| 231 | 231 | | coastal political subdivisions receive pursuant 22 |
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| 232 | 232 | | to— 23 |
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| 235 | 235 | | •HR 2556 IH |
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| 236 | 236 | | ‘‘(i) section 105 of the Gulf of Mexico 1 |
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| 237 | 237 | | Energy Security Act of 2006 (43 U.S.C. 2 |
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| 238 | 238 | | 1331 note); 3 |
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| 239 | 239 | | ‘‘(ii) the Land and Water Conserva-4 |
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| 240 | 240 | | tion Fund (established under section 5 |
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| 241 | 241 | | 200301 of title 54, United States Code); 6 |
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| 242 | 242 | | and 7 |
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| 243 | 243 | | ‘‘(iii) division A of subtitle III of title 8 |
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| 244 | 244 | | 54 (commonly referred to as the ‘National 9 |
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| 245 | 245 | | Historic Preservation Act’). 10 |
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| 246 | 246 | | ‘‘(3) An assessment, including identification of 11 |
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| 247 | 247 | | locations, of non-energy mineral resources for com-12 |
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| 248 | 248 | | mercial or national security operations, including 13 |
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| 249 | 249 | | stone, sand, and gravel, and offshore critical min-14 |
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| 250 | 250 | | erals. 15 |
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| 251 | 251 | | ‘‘(c) U |
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| 252 | 252 | | PDATINGMODELS.— 16 |
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| 253 | 253 | | ‘‘(1) A |
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| 254 | 254 | | SSESSMENT.—The Secretary shall, in 17 |
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| 255 | 255 | | consultation with the National Petroleum Council, 18 |
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| 256 | 256 | | the Society of Petroleum Engineers, and the United 19 |
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| 257 | 257 | | States Association for Energy Economics, periodi-20 |
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| 258 | 258 | | cally conduct an assessment of the costs, benefits, 21 |
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| 259 | 259 | | and accuracy of the models utilized by the Depart-22 |
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| 260 | 260 | | ment of the Interior to conduct an inventory and 23 |
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| 261 | 261 | | analysis under subsection (a). The first assessment 24 |
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| 262 | 262 | | under this paragraph shall be conducted not later 25 |
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| 265 | 265 | | •HR 2556 IH |
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| 266 | 266 | | than 1 year after the date of enactment of the 1 |
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| 267 | 267 | | CORE Act of 2025, and subsequent assessments not 2 |
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| 268 | 268 | | less frequently than once every 10 years thereafter. 3 |
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| 269 | 269 | | ‘‘(2) U |
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| 270 | 270 | | PDATES AND REPORTS .— 4 |
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| 271 | 271 | | ‘‘(A) I |
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| 272 | 272 | | N GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year 5 |
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| 273 | 273 | | after the date on which the Secretary conducts 6 |
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| 274 | 274 | | an assessment under paragraph (1), the Sec-7 |
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| 275 | 275 | | retary of the Interior shall, based on such as-8 |
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| 276 | 276 | | sessment— 9 |
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| 277 | 277 | | ‘‘(i) update the models described in 10 |
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| 278 | 278 | | such paragraph and publish a report on 11 |
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| 279 | 279 | | such update; or 12 |
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| 280 | 280 | | ‘‘(ii) publish a report on why an up-13 |
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| 281 | 281 | | date to such models is not necessary. 14 |
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| 282 | 282 | | ‘‘(B) I |
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| 283 | 283 | | NCLUSIONS.—Each report published 15 |
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| 284 | 284 | | under subparagraph (A) shall include the fol-16 |
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| 285 | 285 | | lowing: 17 |
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| 286 | 286 | | ‘‘(i) A clear, detailed explanation of 18 |
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| 287 | 287 | | any updates made to the models described 19 |
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| 288 | 288 | | in paragraph (1) or why updates were not 20 |
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| 289 | 289 | | necessary. 21 |
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| 290 | 290 | | ‘‘(ii) An evaluation describing how any 22 |
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| 291 | 291 | | updates made under subparagraph (A) im-23 |
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| 292 | 292 | | prove the accuracy, cost-effectiveness, and 24 |
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| 296 | 296 | | reliability of the inventories and analyses 1 |
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| 297 | 297 | | conducted under subsection (a). 2 |
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| 298 | 298 | | ‘‘(iii) If any updates recommend by 3 |
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| 299 | 299 | | the National Petroleum Council, the Soci-4 |
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| 300 | 300 | | ety of Petroleum Engineers, or the United 5 |
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| 301 | 301 | | States Association for Energy Economics 6 |
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| 302 | 302 | | are not incorporated, a detailed expla-7 |
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| 303 | 303 | | nation of why such updates were not incor-8 |
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| 304 | 304 | | porated.’’; and 9 |
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| 305 | 305 | | (4) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated)— 10 |
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| 306 | 306 | | (A) by striking ‘‘The Secretary shall sub-11 |
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| 307 | 307 | | mit’’ and inserting ‘‘Not later than 1 year after 12 |
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| 308 | 308 | | the date of enactment of the CORE Act of 13 |
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| 309 | 309 | | 2025, the Secretary shall submit’’; and 14 |
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| 310 | 310 | | (B) by striking ‘‘, within 6 months of the 15 |
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| 311 | 311 | | date of enactment of the section’’. 16 |
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| 312 | 312 | | SEC. 3. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION PRAC-17 |
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| 313 | 313 | | TICES FROM OFFSHORE PRODUCING COUN-18 |
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| 314 | 314 | | TRY. 19 |
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| 315 | 315 | | Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 20 |
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| 316 | 316 | | of this Act, and not less frequently than once every 10 21 |
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| 317 | 317 | | years thereafter, the Secretary of the Interior, in consulta-22 |
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| 318 | 318 | | tion with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of En-23 |
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| 319 | 319 | | ergy, shall publish on the website of the Department of 24 |
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| 320 | 320 | | the Interior and submit to the Committee on Natural Re-25 |
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| 324 | 324 | | sources of the House of Representatives and the Com-1 |
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| 325 | 325 | | mittee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 2 |
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| 326 | 326 | | a comparative analysis of the offshore oil and gas explo-3 |
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| 327 | 327 | | ration, development, and production practices for each 4 |
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| 328 | 328 | | major offshore producing country. To the fullest extent 5 |
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| 329 | 329 | | practicable, such comparative analysis shall include the 6 |
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| 330 | 330 | | following: 7 |
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| 331 | 331 | | (1) Data on— 8 |
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| 332 | 332 | | (A) the number of offshore acres offered 9 |
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| 333 | 333 | | for lease; 10 |
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| 334 | 334 | | (B) the frequency of lease auctions, sales, 11 |
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| 335 | 335 | | and lease issuances; and 12 |
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| 336 | 336 | | (C) lease structures, fiscal terms, and the 13 |
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| 337 | 337 | | competitive positioning of each major offshore 14 |
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| 338 | 338 | | producing country relative to United States 15 |
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| 339 | 339 | | leasing practices. 16 |
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| 340 | 340 | | (2) Detailed reporting on the volume of oil and 17 |
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| 341 | 341 | | gas produced (measured in barrels on an annual 18 |
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| 342 | 342 | | basis and cubic feet, respectively), including histor-19 |
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| 343 | 343 | | ical trends, production forecasts, and the influence 20 |
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| 344 | 344 | | of technological advancements on production effi-21 |
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| 345 | 345 | | ciency and recovery rates. 22 |
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| 346 | 346 | | (3) An accounting of regional market demands, 23 |
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| 347 | 347 | | export capabilities, and contributions to energy di-24 |
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| 348 | 348 | | versification strategies. 25 |
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| 349 | 349 | | VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:44 Apr 04, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H2556.IH H2556 |
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| 350 | 350 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 13 |
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| 351 | 351 | | •HR 2556 IH |
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| 352 | 352 | | (4) An assessment, which shall be made in col-1 |
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| 353 | 353 | | laboration with the United States Geological Survey, 2 |
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| 354 | 354 | | of the volume of both undiscovered and discovered 3 |
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| 355 | 355 | | offshore oil and gas resources, including probabilistic 4 |
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| 356 | 356 | | estimates of resource volumes that consider geologi-5 |
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| 357 | 357 | | cal, technological, and market factors impacting ex-6 |
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| 358 | 358 | | ploration, development, and production. 7 |
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| 359 | 359 | | Æ |
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| 360 | 360 | | VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:44 Apr 04, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6301 E:\BILLS\H2556.IH H2556 |
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| 361 | 361 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB |
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