| 1 | 1 | | I |
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| 2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION H. R. 2604 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To ensure the digital contents of electronic equipment and online accounts |
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| 6 | 6 | | belonging to or in the possession of United States persons entering |
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| 7 | 7 | | or exiting the United States are adequately protected at the border, |
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| 8 | 8 | | and for other purposes. |
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| 9 | 9 | | IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
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| 10 | 10 | | APRIL2, 2025 |
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| 11 | 11 | | Mr. L |
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| 12 | 12 | | IEU(for himself, Mr. BEYER, Ms. NORTON, and Mr. ESPAILLAT) intro- |
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| 13 | 13 | | duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Ju- |
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| 14 | 14 | | diciary, and in addition to the Committee on Homeland Security, for a |
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| 15 | 15 | | period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for |
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| 16 | 16 | | consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the com- |
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| 17 | 17 | | mittee concerned |
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| 18 | 18 | | A BILL |
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| 19 | 19 | | To ensure the digital contents of electronic equipment and |
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| 20 | 20 | | online accounts belonging to or in the possession of |
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| 21 | 21 | | United States persons entering or exiting the United |
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| 22 | 22 | | States are adequately protected at the border, and for |
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| 23 | 23 | | other purposes. |
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| 24 | 24 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 25 | 25 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 26 | 26 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 27 | 27 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Protecting Data at 4 |
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| 28 | 28 | | the Border Act’’. 5 |
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| 30 | 30 | | ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 2 |
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| 31 | 31 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 32 | 32 | | SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 1 |
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| 33 | 33 | | Congress finds the following: 2 |
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| 34 | 34 | | (1) United States persons have a reasonable ex-3 |
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| 35 | 35 | | pectation of privacy in the digital contents of their 4 |
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| 36 | 36 | | electronic equipment, the digital contents of their 5 |
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| 37 | 37 | | online accounts, and the nature of their online pres-6 |
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| 38 | 38 | | ence. 7 |
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| 39 | 39 | | (2) The Supreme Court of the United States 8 |
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| 40 | 40 | | recognized in Riley v. California, 134 S. Ct. 2473 9 |
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| 41 | 41 | | (2014), the extraordinary privacy interests in elec-10 |
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| 42 | 42 | | tronic equipment like cell phones. 11 |
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| 43 | 43 | | (3) The privacy interest of United States per-12 |
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| 44 | 44 | | sons in the digital contents of their electronic equip-13 |
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| 45 | 45 | | ment, the digital contents of their online accounts, 14 |
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| 46 | 46 | | and the nature of their online presence differs in 15 |
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| 47 | 47 | | both degree and kind from their privacy interest in 16 |
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| 48 | 48 | | closed containers. 17 |
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| 49 | 49 | | (4) Accessing the digital contents of electronic 18 |
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| 50 | 50 | | equipment, accessing the digital contents of an on-19 |
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| 51 | 51 | | line account, or obtaining information regarding the 20 |
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| 52 | 52 | | nature of the online presence of a United States per-21 |
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| 53 | 53 | | son entering or exiting the United States, without a 22 |
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| 54 | 54 | | lawful warrant based on probable cause, is unreason-23 |
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| 55 | 55 | | able under the Fourth Amendment to the Constitu-24 |
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| 56 | 56 | | tion of the United States. 25 |
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| 58 | 58 | | ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 3 |
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| 59 | 59 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 60 | 60 | | SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 1 |
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| 61 | 61 | | As used in this Act— 2 |
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| 62 | 62 | | (1) the term ‘‘access credential’’ includes a 3 |
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| 63 | 63 | | username, password, PIN number, fingerprint, or bi-4 |
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| 64 | 64 | | ometric indicator; 5 |
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| 65 | 65 | | (2) the term ‘‘border’’ means the international 6 |
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| 66 | 66 | | border of the United States and the functional 7 |
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| 67 | 67 | | equivalent of such border; 8 |
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| 68 | 68 | | (3) the term ‘‘digital contents’’ means any 9 |
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| 69 | 69 | | signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or in-10 |
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| 70 | 70 | | telligence of any nature transmitted in whole or in 11 |
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| 71 | 71 | | part by electronic equipment, or stored in electronic 12 |
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| 72 | 72 | | equipment or an online account; 13 |
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| 73 | 73 | | (4) the term ‘‘electronic communication service’’ 14 |
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| 74 | 74 | | has the meaning given that term in section 2510 of 15 |
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| 75 | 75 | | title 18, United States Code; 16 |
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| 76 | 76 | | (5) the term ‘‘electronic equipment’’ has the 17 |
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| 77 | 77 | | meaning given the term ‘‘computer’’ in section 18 |
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| 78 | 78 | | 1030(e) of title 18, United States Code; 19 |
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| 79 | 79 | | (6) the term ‘‘Governmental entity’’ means a 20 |
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| 80 | 80 | | department or agency of the United States (includ-21 |
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| 81 | 81 | | ing any officer, employee, or contractor or other 22 |
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| 82 | 82 | | agent thereof); 23 |
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| 83 | 83 | | (7) the term ‘‘online account’’ means an online 24 |
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| 84 | 84 | | account with an electronic communication service or 25 |
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| 85 | 85 | | remote computing service; 26 |
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| 88 | 88 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 89 | 89 | | (8) the term ‘‘online account information’’ 1 |
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| 90 | 90 | | means the screen name or other identifier or infor-2 |
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| 91 | 91 | | mation that would allow a Governmental entity to 3 |
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| 92 | 92 | | identify the online presence of an individual; 4 |
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| 93 | 93 | | (9) the term ‘‘remote computing service’’ has 5 |
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| 94 | 94 | | the meaning given that term in section 2711 of title 6 |
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| 95 | 95 | | 18, United States Code; and 7 |
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| 96 | 96 | | (10) the term ‘‘United States person’’ means an 8 |
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| 97 | 97 | | individual who is a United States person, as defined 9 |
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| 98 | 98 | | in section 101 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveil-10 |
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| 99 | 99 | | lance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801). 11 |
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| 100 | 100 | | SEC. 4. PROCEDURES FOR LAWFUL ACCESS TO DIGITAL 12 |
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| 101 | 101 | | DATA AT THE BORDER. 13 |
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| 102 | 102 | | (a) S |
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| 103 | 103 | | TANDARD.—Subject to subsection (b), a Govern-14 |
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| 104 | 104 | | mental entity may not— 15 |
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| 105 | 105 | | (1) access the digital contents of any electronic 16 |
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| 106 | 106 | | equipment belonging to or in the possession of a 17 |
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| 107 | 107 | | United States person at the border without a valid 18 |
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| 108 | 108 | | warrant supported by probable cause issued using 19 |
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| 109 | 109 | | the procedures described in the Federal Rules of 20 |
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| 110 | 110 | | Criminal Procedure by a court of competent jurisdic-21 |
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| 111 | 111 | | tion; 22 |
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| 112 | 112 | | (2) deny entry into or exit from the United 23 |
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| 113 | 113 | | States by a United States person based on a refusal 24 |
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| 114 | 114 | | by the United States person to— 25 |
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| 117 | 117 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 118 | 118 | | (A) disclose an access credential that 1 |
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| 119 | 119 | | would enable access to the digital contents of 2 |
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| 120 | 120 | | electronic equipment or the digital contents of 3 |
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| 121 | 121 | | an online account; 4 |
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| 122 | 122 | | (B) provide access to the digital contents 5 |
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| 123 | 123 | | of electronic equipment or the digital contents 6 |
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| 124 | 124 | | of an online account; or 7 |
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| 125 | 125 | | (C) provide online account information; or 8 |
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| 126 | 126 | | (3) delay entry into or exit from the United 9 |
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| 127 | 127 | | States by a United States person for longer than the 10 |
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| 128 | 128 | | period of time, which may not exceed 4 hours, nec-11 |
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| 129 | 129 | | essary to determine whether the United States per-12 |
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| 130 | 130 | | son will, in a manner in accordance with subsection 13 |
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| 131 | 131 | | (c), consensually provide an access credential, ac-14 |
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| 132 | 132 | | cess, or online account information, as described in 15 |
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| 133 | 133 | | subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (2). 16 |
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| 134 | 134 | | (b) E |
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| 135 | 135 | | MERGENCYEXCEPTIONS.— 17 |
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| 136 | 136 | | (1) E |
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| 137 | 137 | | MERGENCY SITUATIONS GENERALLY .— 18 |
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| 138 | 138 | | (A) I |
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| 139 | 139 | | N GENERAL.—An investigative or law 19 |
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| 140 | 140 | | enforcement officer of a Governmental entity 20 |
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| 141 | 141 | | who is designated by the Secretary of Home-21 |
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| 142 | 142 | | land Security for purposes of this paragraph 22 |
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| 143 | 143 | | may access the digital contents of electronic 23 |
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| 144 | 144 | | equipment belonging to or in possession of a 24 |
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| 145 | 145 | | United States person at the border without a 25 |
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| 148 | 148 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 149 | 149 | | warrant described in subsection (a)(1) if the in-1 |
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| 150 | 150 | | vestigative or law enforcement officer— 2 |
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| 151 | 151 | | (i) reasonably determines that— 3 |
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| 152 | 152 | | (I) an emergency situation exists 4 |
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| 153 | 153 | | that involves— 5 |
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| 154 | 154 | | (aa) immediate danger of 6 |
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| 155 | 155 | | death or serious physical injury 7 |
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| 156 | 156 | | to any person; 8 |
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| 157 | 157 | | (bb) conspiratorial activities 9 |
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| 158 | 158 | | threatening the national security 10 |
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| 159 | 159 | | interest of the United States; or 11 |
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| 160 | 160 | | (cc) conspiratorial activities 12 |
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| 161 | 161 | | characteristic of organized crime; 13 |
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| 162 | 162 | | (II) the emergency situation de-14 |
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| 163 | 163 | | scribed in subclause (I) requires ac-15 |
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| 164 | 164 | | cess to the digital contents of the elec-16 |
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| 165 | 165 | | tronic equipment before a warrant de-17 |
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| 166 | 166 | | scribed in subsection (a)(1) author-18 |
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| 167 | 167 | | izing such access can, with due dili-19 |
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| 168 | 168 | | gence, be obtained; and 20 |
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| 169 | 169 | | (III) there are grounds upon 21 |
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| 170 | 170 | | which a warrant described in sub-22 |
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| 171 | 171 | | section (a)(1) could be issued author-23 |
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| 172 | 172 | | izing such access; and 24 |
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| 175 | 175 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 176 | 176 | | (ii) makes an application in accord-1 |
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| 177 | 177 | | ance with this section for a warrant de-2 |
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| 178 | 178 | | scribed in subsection (a)(1) as soon as 3 |
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| 179 | 179 | | practicable, but not later than 7 days after 4 |
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| 180 | 180 | | the investigative or law enforcement officer 5 |
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| 181 | 181 | | accesses the digital contents under the au-6 |
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| 182 | 182 | | thority under this subparagraph. 7 |
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| 183 | 183 | | (B) W |
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| 184 | 184 | | ARRANT NOT OBTAINED .—If an ap-8 |
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| 185 | 185 | | plication for a warrant described in subpara-9 |
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| 186 | 186 | | graph (A)(ii) is denied, or in any other case in 10 |
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| 187 | 187 | | which an investigative or law enforcement offi-11 |
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| 188 | 188 | | cer accesses the digital contents of electronic 12 |
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| 189 | 189 | | equipment belonging to or in possession of a 13 |
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| 190 | 190 | | United States person at the border without a 14 |
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| 191 | 191 | | warrant under the emergency authority under 15 |
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| 192 | 192 | | subparagraph (A) and a warrant authorizing 16 |
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| 193 | 193 | | the access is not obtained— 17 |
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| 194 | 194 | | (i) any copy of the digital contents in 18 |
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| 195 | 195 | | the custody or control of a Governmental 19 |
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| 196 | 196 | | entity shall immediately be destroyed; 20 |
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| 197 | 197 | | (ii) the digital contents, and any in-21 |
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| 198 | 198 | | formation derived from the digital con-22 |
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| 199 | 199 | | tents, may not be disclosed to any Govern-23 |
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| 200 | 200 | | mental entity or a State or local govern-24 |
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| 201 | 201 | | ment; and 25 |
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| 204 | 204 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 205 | 205 | | (iii) the Governmental entity employ-1 |
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| 206 | 206 | | ing the investigative or law enforcement of-2 |
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| 207 | 207 | | ficer that accessed the digital contents 3 |
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| 208 | 208 | | shall notify the United States person that 4 |
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| 209 | 209 | | any copy of the digital contents has been 5 |
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| 210 | 210 | | destroyed. 6 |
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| 211 | 211 | | (2) P |
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| 212 | 212 | | ROTECTION OF PUBLIC SAFETY AND 7 |
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| 213 | 213 | | HEALTH.—A Governmental entity may access the 8 |
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| 214 | 214 | | digital contents of electronic equipment belonging to 9 |
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| 215 | 215 | | or in possession of a United States person at the 10 |
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| 216 | 216 | | border without a warrant described in subsection 11 |
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| 217 | 217 | | (a)(1) if the access is— 12 |
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| 218 | 218 | | (A) necessary for the provision of fire, 13 |
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| 219 | 219 | | medical, public safety, or other emergency serv-14 |
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| 220 | 220 | | ices; and 15 |
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| 221 | 221 | | (B) unrelated to the investigation of a pos-16 |
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| 222 | 222 | | sible crime or other violation of the law. 17 |
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| 223 | 223 | | (c) I |
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| 224 | 224 | | NFORMEDCONSENT INWRITING.— 18 |
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| 225 | 225 | | (1) N |
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| 226 | 226 | | OTICE.— 19 |
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| 227 | 227 | | (A) I |
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| 228 | 228 | | N GENERAL.—A Governmental entity 20 |
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| 229 | 229 | | shall provide the notice described in subpara-21 |
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| 230 | 230 | | graph (B) before requesting that a United 22 |
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| 231 | 231 | | States person at the border— 23 |
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| 232 | 232 | | (i) provide consent to access the dig-24 |
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| 233 | 233 | | ital contents of any electronic equipment 25 |
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| 236 | 236 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 237 | 237 | | belonging to or in the possession of or the 1 |
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| 238 | 238 | | digital contents of an online account of the 2 |
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| 239 | 239 | | United States person; 3 |
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| 240 | 240 | | (ii) disclose an access credential that 4 |
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| 241 | 241 | | would enable access to the digital contents 5 |
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| 242 | 242 | | of electronic equipment or the digital con-6 |
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| 243 | 243 | | tents of an online account of the United 7 |
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| 244 | 244 | | States person; 8 |
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| 245 | 245 | | (iii) provide access to the digital con-9 |
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| 246 | 246 | | tents of electronic equipment or the digital 10 |
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| 247 | 247 | | contents of an online account of the United 11 |
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| 248 | 248 | | States person; or 12 |
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| 249 | 249 | | (iv) provide online account informa-13 |
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| 250 | 250 | | tion of the United States person. 14 |
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| 251 | 251 | | (B) C |
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| 252 | 252 | | ONTENTS.—The notice described in 15 |
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| 253 | 253 | | this subparagraph is written notice in a lan-16 |
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| 254 | 254 | | guage understood by the United States person 17 |
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| 255 | 255 | | that the Governmental entity— 18 |
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| 256 | 256 | | (i) may not— 19 |
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| 257 | 257 | | (I) compel access to the digital 20 |
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| 258 | 258 | | contents of electronic equipment be-21 |
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| 259 | 259 | | longing to or in the possession of, the 22 |
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| 260 | 260 | | digital contents of an online account 23 |
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| 261 | 261 | | of, or the online account information 24 |
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| 263 | 263 | | ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 10 |
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| 264 | 264 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 265 | 265 | | of a United States person without a 1 |
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| 266 | 266 | | valid warrant; 2 |
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| 267 | 267 | | (II) deny entry into or exit from 3 |
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| 268 | 268 | | the United States by the United 4 |
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| 269 | 269 | | States person based on a refusal by 5 |
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| 270 | 270 | | the United States person to— 6 |
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| 271 | 271 | | (aa) disclose an access cre-7 |
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| 272 | 272 | | dential that would enable access 8 |
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| 273 | 273 | | to the digital contents of elec-9 |
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| 274 | 274 | | tronic equipment or the digital 10 |
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| 275 | 275 | | contents of an online account; 11 |
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| 276 | 276 | | (bb) provide access to the 12 |
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| 277 | 277 | | digital contents of electronic 13 |
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| 278 | 278 | | equipment or the digital contents 14 |
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| 279 | 279 | | of an online account; or 15 |
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| 280 | 280 | | (cc) provide online account 16 |
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| 281 | 281 | | information; or 17 |
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| 282 | 282 | | (III) delay entry into or exit from 18 |
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| 283 | 283 | | the United States by the United 19 |
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| 284 | 284 | | States person for longer than the pe-20 |
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| 285 | 285 | | riod of time, which may not exceed 4 21 |
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| 286 | 286 | | hours, necessary to determine whether 22 |
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| 287 | 287 | | the United States person will consen-23 |
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| 288 | 288 | | sually provide an access credential, ac-24 |
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| 289 | 289 | | cess, or online account information, as 25 |
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| 292 | 292 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 293 | 293 | | described in items (aa), (bb), and (cc) 1 |
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| 294 | 294 | | of subclause (II); and 2 |
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| 295 | 295 | | (ii) if the Governmental entity has 3 |
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| 296 | 296 | | probable cause that the electronic equip-4 |
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| 297 | 297 | | ment contains information that is relevant 5 |
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| 298 | 298 | | to an allegation that the United States 6 |
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| 299 | 299 | | person has committed a felony, may seize 7 |
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| 300 | 300 | | electronic equipment belonging to or in the 8 |
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| 301 | 301 | | possession of the United States person for 9 |
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| 302 | 302 | | a period of time if the United States per-10 |
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| 303 | 303 | | son refuses to consensually provide access 11 |
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| 304 | 304 | | to the digital contents of the electronic 12 |
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| 305 | 305 | | equipment. 13 |
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| 306 | 306 | | (2) C |
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| 307 | 307 | | ONSENT.— 14 |
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| 308 | 308 | | (A) I |
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| 309 | 309 | | N GENERAL.—A Governmental entity 15 |
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| 310 | 310 | | shall obtain written consent described in sub-16 |
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| 311 | 311 | | paragraph (B) before— 17 |
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| 312 | 312 | | (i) accessing, pursuant to the consent 18 |
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| 313 | 313 | | of a United States person at the border 19 |
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| 314 | 314 | | the digital contents of electronic equipment 20 |
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| 315 | 315 | | belonging to or in the possession of or the 21 |
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| 316 | 316 | | digital contents of an online account of the 22 |
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| 317 | 317 | | United States person; 23 |
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| 318 | 318 | | (ii) obtaining, pursuant to the consent 24 |
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| 319 | 319 | | of a United States person at the border, an 25 |
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| 321 | 321 | | ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 12 |
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| 322 | 322 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 323 | 323 | | access credential of the United States per-1 |
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| 324 | 324 | | son that would enable access to the digital 2 |
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| 325 | 325 | | contents of electronic equipment or the 3 |
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| 326 | 326 | | digital contents of an online account; or 4 |
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| 327 | 327 | | (iii) obtaining, pursuant to the con-5 |
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| 328 | 328 | | sent of a United States person at the bor-6 |
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| 329 | 329 | | der, online account information for an on-7 |
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| 330 | 330 | | line account of the United States person. 8 |
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| 331 | 331 | | (B) C |
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| 332 | 332 | | ONTENTS OF WRITTEN CONSENT .— 9 |
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| 333 | 333 | | Written consent described in this subparagraph 10 |
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| 334 | 334 | | is written consent that— 11 |
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| 335 | 335 | | (i) indicates the United States person 12 |
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| 336 | 336 | | understands the protections and limitations 13 |
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| 337 | 337 | | described in paragraph (1)(B); 14 |
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| 338 | 338 | | (ii) states the United States person 15 |
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| 339 | 339 | | is— 16 |
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| 340 | 340 | | (I) providing consent to the Gov-17 |
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| 341 | 341 | | ernmental entity to access certain dig-18 |
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| 342 | 342 | | ital contents or consensually disclosing 19 |
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| 343 | 343 | | an access credential; or 20 |
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| 344 | 344 | | (II) consensually providing online 21 |
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| 345 | 345 | | account information; and 22 |
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| 346 | 346 | | (iii) specifies the digital contents, ac-23 |
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| 347 | 347 | | cess credential, or online account informa-24 |
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| 350 | 350 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 351 | 351 | | tion with respect to which the United 1 |
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| 352 | 352 | | States person is providing consent. 2 |
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| 353 | 353 | | (d) R |
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| 354 | 354 | | ETENTION OFDIGITALCONTENTS.— 3 |
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| 355 | 355 | | (1) L |
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| 356 | 356 | | AWFUL ACCESS.—A Governmental entity 4 |
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| 357 | 357 | | that obtains access to the digital contents of elec-5 |
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| 358 | 358 | | tronic equipment, the digital contents of an online 6 |
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| 359 | 359 | | account, or online account information in accordance 7 |
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| 360 | 360 | | with this section may not make or retain a copy of 8 |
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| 361 | 361 | | the digital contents or online account information, or 9 |
|---|
| 362 | 362 | | any information directly or indirectly derived from 10 |
|---|
| 363 | 363 | | the digital contents or online account information, 11 |
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| 364 | 364 | | unless there is probable cause to believe the digital 12 |
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| 365 | 365 | | contents or online account information contains evi-13 |
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| 366 | 366 | | dence of, or constitutes the fruits of, a crime. 14 |
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| 367 | 367 | | (2) U |
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| 368 | 368 | | NLAWFUL ACCESS .—If a Governmental 15 |
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| 369 | 369 | | entity obtains access to the digital contents of elec-16 |
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| 370 | 370 | | tronic equipment, digital contents of an online ac-17 |
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| 371 | 371 | | count, or online account information in a manner 18 |
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| 372 | 372 | | that is not in accordance with this section, the Gov-19 |
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| 373 | 373 | | ernmental entity— 20 |
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| 374 | 374 | | (A) shall immediately destroy any copy of 21 |
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| 375 | 375 | | the digital contents or online account informa-22 |
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| 376 | 376 | | tion, and any information directly or indirectly 23 |
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| 377 | 377 | | derived from the digital contents or online ac-24 |
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| 380 | 380 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 381 | 381 | | count information, in the custody or control of 1 |
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| 382 | 382 | | the Governmental entity; 2 |
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| 383 | 383 | | (B) may not disclose the digital contents 3 |
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| 384 | 384 | | or online account information, or any informa-4 |
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| 385 | 385 | | tion directly or indirectly derived from the dig-5 |
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| 386 | 386 | | ital contents or online account information, to 6 |
|---|
| 387 | 387 | | any other Governmental entity or a State or 7 |
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| 388 | 388 | | local government; and 8 |
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| 389 | 389 | | (C) shall notify the United States person 9 |
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| 390 | 390 | | that any copy of the digital contents or online 10 |
|---|
| 391 | 391 | | account information, and any information di-11 |
|---|
| 392 | 392 | | rectly or indirectly derived from the digital con-12 |
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| 393 | 393 | | tents or online account information, has been 13 |
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| 394 | 394 | | destroyed. 14 |
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| 395 | 395 | | (e) R |
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| 396 | 396 | | ECORDKEEPING.—A Governmental entity shall 15 |
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| 397 | 397 | | keep a record of each instance in which the Governmental 16 |
|---|
| 398 | 398 | | entity obtains access to the digital contents of electronic 17 |
|---|
| 399 | 399 | | equipment belonging to or in the possession of an indi-18 |
|---|
| 400 | 400 | | vidual at the border, the digital contents of an online ac-19 |
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| 401 | 401 | | count of an individual who is at the border, or online ac-20 |
|---|
| 402 | 402 | | count information of an individual who is at the border, 21 |
|---|
| 403 | 403 | | which shall include— 22 |
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| 404 | 404 | | (1) the reason for the access; 23 |
|---|
| 405 | 405 | | (2) the nationality, immigration status, and ad-24 |
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| 406 | 406 | | mission category of the individual; 25 |
|---|
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| 409 | 409 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 410 | 410 | | (3) the nature and extent of the access; 1 |
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| 411 | 411 | | (4) if the access was consensual, how and to 2 |
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| 412 | 412 | | what the individual consented, and what the indi-3 |
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| 413 | 413 | | vidual provided by consent; 4 |
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| 414 | 414 | | (5) whether electronic equipment of the indi-5 |
|---|
| 415 | 415 | | vidual was seized; 6 |
|---|
| 416 | 416 | | (6) whether the Governmental entity made a 7 |
|---|
| 417 | 417 | | copy of all or a portion of the digital contents or on-8 |
|---|
| 418 | 418 | | line account information, or any information directly 9 |
|---|
| 419 | 419 | | or indirectly derived from the digital contents or on-10 |
|---|
| 420 | 420 | | line account information; and 11 |
|---|
| 421 | 421 | | (7) whether the digital contents or online ac-12 |
|---|
| 422 | 422 | | count information, or any information directly or in-13 |
|---|
| 423 | 423 | | directly derived from the digital contents or online 14 |
|---|
| 424 | 424 | | account information, was shared with another Gov-15 |
|---|
| 425 | 425 | | ernmental entity or a State or local government. 16 |
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| 426 | 426 | | SEC. 5. LIMITS ON USE OF DIGITAL CONTENTS AS EVI-17 |
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| 427 | 427 | | DENCE. 18 |
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| 428 | 428 | | (a) I |
|---|
| 429 | 429 | | NGENERAL.—Whenever any digital contents or 19 |
|---|
| 430 | 430 | | online account information have been obtained in violation 20 |
|---|
| 431 | 431 | | of this Act, no part of the digital contents or online ac-21 |
|---|
| 432 | 432 | | count information and no evidence derived therefrom may 22 |
|---|
| 433 | 433 | | be received in evidence in any trial, hearing, or other pro-23 |
|---|
| 434 | 434 | | ceeding (including any proceeding relating to the immigra-24 |
|---|
| 435 | 435 | | tion laws, as defined in section 101(a) of the Immigration 25 |
|---|
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| 438 | 438 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 439 | 439 | | and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a))) in or before any 1 |
|---|
| 440 | 440 | | court, grand jury, department, officer, agency, regulatory 2 |
|---|
| 441 | 441 | | body, legislative committee, or other authority of the 3 |
|---|
| 442 | 442 | | United States, a State, or a political subdivision thereof. 4 |
|---|
| 443 | 443 | | (b) A |
|---|
| 444 | 444 | | PPLICATION.—To the maximum extent prac-5 |
|---|
| 445 | 445 | | ticable, the limitations under subsection (a) shall be ap-6 |
|---|
| 446 | 446 | | plied in the same manner as the limitations under section 7 |
|---|
| 447 | 447 | | 2515 of title 18, United States Code. 8 |
|---|
| 448 | 448 | | SEC. 6. LIMITS ON SEIZURE OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT. 9 |
|---|
| 449 | 449 | | A Governmental entity may not seize any electronic 10 |
|---|
| 450 | 450 | | equipment belonging to or in the possession of a United 11 |
|---|
| 451 | 451 | | States person at the border unless there is probable cause 12 |
|---|
| 452 | 452 | | to believe that the electronic equipment contains informa-13 |
|---|
| 453 | 453 | | tion that is relevant to an allegation that the United 14 |
|---|
| 454 | 454 | | States person has committed a felony. 15 |
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| 455 | 455 | | SEC. 7. AUDIT AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. 16 |
|---|
| 456 | 456 | | In March of each year, the Secretary of Homeland 17 |
|---|
| 457 | 457 | | Security shall submit to Congress and make publicly avail-18 |
|---|
| 458 | 458 | | able on the website of the Department of Homeland Secu-19 |
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| 459 | 459 | | rity a report that includes the following: 20 |
|---|
| 460 | 460 | | (1) The number of times during the previous 21 |
|---|
| 461 | 461 | | year that an officer or employee of the Department 22 |
|---|
| 462 | 462 | | of Homeland Security did each of the following: 23 |
|---|
| 463 | 463 | | (A) Accessed the digital contents of any 24 |
|---|
| 464 | 464 | | electronic equipment belonging to or in the pos-25 |
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| 467 | 467 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 468 | 468 | | session of or the digital contents of an online 1 |
|---|
| 469 | 469 | | account of a United States person at the border 2 |
|---|
| 470 | 470 | | pursuant to a warrant supported by probable 3 |
|---|
| 471 | 471 | | cause issued using the procedures described in 4 |
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| 472 | 472 | | the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure by a 5 |
|---|
| 473 | 473 | | court of competent jurisdiction. 6 |
|---|
| 474 | 474 | | (B) Accessed the digital contents of any 7 |
|---|
| 475 | 475 | | electronic equipment belonging to or in the pos-8 |
|---|
| 476 | 476 | | session of a United States person at the border 9 |
|---|
| 477 | 477 | | pursuant to the emergency authority under sec-10 |
|---|
| 478 | 478 | | tion 5(b). 11 |
|---|
| 479 | 479 | | (C) Requested consent to access the digital 12 |
|---|
| 480 | 480 | | contents of any electronic equipment belonging 13 |
|---|
| 481 | 481 | | to or in the possession of, the digital contents 14 |
|---|
| 482 | 482 | | of an online account of, or online account infor-15 |
|---|
| 483 | 483 | | mation of a United States person at the border. 16 |
|---|
| 484 | 484 | | (D) Accessed the digital contents of any 17 |
|---|
| 485 | 485 | | electronic equipment belonging to or in the pos-18 |
|---|
| 486 | 486 | | session of, the digital contents of an online ac-19 |
|---|
| 487 | 487 | | count of, or online account information of a 20 |
|---|
| 488 | 488 | | United States person at the border pursuant to 21 |
|---|
| 489 | 489 | | written consent provided in accordance with 22 |
|---|
| 490 | 490 | | section 5(c). 23 |
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| 491 | 491 | | (E) Requested a United States person at 24 |
|---|
| 492 | 492 | | the border consensually disclose an access cre-25 |
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| 495 | 495 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 496 | 496 | | dential that would enable access to the digital 1 |
|---|
| 497 | 497 | | contents of electronic equipment or the digital 2 |
|---|
| 498 | 498 | | contents of an online account of the United 3 |
|---|
| 499 | 499 | | States person. 4 |
|---|
| 500 | 500 | | (F) Accessed the digital contents of elec-5 |
|---|
| 501 | 501 | | tronic equipment or the digital contents of an 6 |
|---|
| 502 | 502 | | online account of a United States person at the 7 |
|---|
| 503 | 503 | | border using an access credential pursuant to 8 |
|---|
| 504 | 504 | | written consent provided in accordance with 9 |
|---|
| 505 | 505 | | section 5(c). 10 |
|---|
| 506 | 506 | | (G) Accessed the digital contents of any 11 |
|---|
| 507 | 507 | | electronic equipment belonging to or in the pos-12 |
|---|
| 508 | 508 | | session of, the digital contents of an online ac-13 |
|---|
| 509 | 509 | | count of, or online account information of a 14 |
|---|
| 510 | 510 | | United States person at the border in a manner 15 |
|---|
| 511 | 511 | | that was not in accordance with section 5. 16 |
|---|
| 512 | 512 | | (H) Accessed the digital contents of any 17 |
|---|
| 513 | 513 | | electronic equipment belonging to or in the pos-18 |
|---|
| 514 | 514 | | session of, the digital contents of an online ac-19 |
|---|
| 515 | 515 | | count of, or online account information of an 20 |
|---|
| 516 | 516 | | individual who is not a United States person at 21 |
|---|
| 517 | 517 | | the border. 22 |
|---|
| 518 | 518 | | (I) Accessed the digital contents of any 23 |
|---|
| 519 | 519 | | electronic equipment belonging to or in the pos-24 |
|---|
| 520 | 520 | | session of an individual at the border, the dig-25 |
|---|
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| 523 | 523 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 524 | 524 | | ital contents of an online account of an indi-1 |
|---|
| 525 | 525 | | vidual at the border, or online account informa-2 |
|---|
| 526 | 526 | | tion of an individual at the border (regardless 3 |
|---|
| 527 | 527 | | of whether the individual is a United States 4 |
|---|
| 528 | 528 | | person) at the request of a Governmental entity 5 |
|---|
| 529 | 529 | | (including another component of the Depart-6 |
|---|
| 530 | 530 | | ment of Homeland Security) that is not the 7 |
|---|
| 531 | 531 | | Governmental entity employing the individual 8 |
|---|
| 532 | 532 | | accessing the digital contents or online account 9 |
|---|
| 533 | 533 | | information. 10 |
|---|
| 534 | 534 | | (2) Aggregate data on— 11 |
|---|
| 535 | 535 | | (A) the number of United States persons 12 |
|---|
| 536 | 536 | | for which a Governmental entity obtains access 13 |
|---|
| 537 | 537 | | to— 14 |
|---|
| 538 | 538 | | (i) the digital contents of electronic 15 |
|---|
| 539 | 539 | | equipment belonging to or in the posses-16 |
|---|
| 540 | 540 | | sion of the United States person at the 17 |
|---|
| 541 | 541 | | border; 18 |
|---|
| 542 | 542 | | (ii) the digital contents of an online 19 |
|---|
| 543 | 543 | | account of the United States person while 20 |
|---|
| 544 | 544 | | at the border; or 21 |
|---|
| 545 | 545 | | (iii) online account information of the 22 |
|---|
| 546 | 546 | | United States person while at the border; 23 |
|---|
| 547 | 547 | | (B) the country from which United States 24 |
|---|
| 548 | 548 | | persons departed most recently before arriving 25 |
|---|
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| 551 | 551 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 552 | 552 | | in the United States for the United States per-1 |
|---|
| 553 | 553 | | sons for which a Governmental entity obtains 2 |
|---|
| 554 | 554 | | access to— 3 |
|---|
| 555 | 555 | | (i) the digital contents of electronic 4 |
|---|
| 556 | 556 | | equipment belonging to or in the posses-5 |
|---|
| 557 | 557 | | sion of the United States person at the 6 |
|---|
| 558 | 558 | | border; 7 |
|---|
| 559 | 559 | | (ii) the digital contents of an online 8 |
|---|
| 560 | 560 | | account of the United States person while 9 |
|---|
| 561 | 561 | | at the border; or 10 |
|---|
| 562 | 562 | | (iii) online account information of the 11 |
|---|
| 563 | 563 | | United States person while at the border; 12 |
|---|
| 564 | 564 | | (C) the number and nationality of individ-13 |
|---|
| 565 | 565 | | uals who are not United States persons for 14 |
|---|
| 566 | 566 | | which a Governmental entity obtains access 15 |
|---|
| 567 | 567 | | to— 16 |
|---|
| 568 | 568 | | (i) the digital contents of electronic 17 |
|---|
| 569 | 569 | | equipment belonging to or in the posses-18 |
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| 570 | 570 | | sion of the individuals at the border; 19 |
|---|
| 571 | 571 | | (ii) the digital contents of an online 20 |
|---|
| 572 | 572 | | account of the individuals while at the bor-21 |
|---|
| 573 | 573 | | der; or 22 |
|---|
| 574 | 574 | | (iii) online account information of the 23 |
|---|
| 575 | 575 | | individuals while at the border; and 24 |
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| 578 | 578 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 579 | 579 | | (D) the country from which individuals 1 |
|---|
| 580 | 580 | | who are not United States persons departed 2 |
|---|
| 581 | 581 | | most recently before arriving in the United 3 |
|---|
| 582 | 582 | | States for the individuals for which a Govern-4 |
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| 583 | 583 | | mental entity obtains access to— 5 |
|---|
| 584 | 584 | | (i) the digital contents of electronic 6 |
|---|
| 585 | 585 | | equipment belonging to or in the posses-7 |
|---|
| 586 | 586 | | sion of the individuals at the border; 8 |
|---|
| 587 | 587 | | (ii) the digital contents of an online 9 |
|---|
| 588 | 588 | | account of the individuals while at the bor-10 |
|---|
| 589 | 589 | | der; or 11 |
|---|
| 590 | 590 | | (iii) online account information of the 12 |
|---|
| 591 | 591 | | individuals while at the border. 13 |
|---|
| 592 | 592 | | (3) Aggregate data regarding the perceived race 14 |
|---|
| 593 | 593 | | and ethnicity of individuals for whom a Govern-15 |
|---|
| 594 | 594 | | mental entity obtains access to— 16 |
|---|
| 595 | 595 | | (A) the digital contents of electronic equip-17 |
|---|
| 596 | 596 | | ment belonging to or in the possession of the 18 |
|---|
| 597 | 597 | | individuals at the border; 19 |
|---|
| 598 | 598 | | (B) the digital contents of an online ac-20 |
|---|
| 599 | 599 | | count of the individuals while at the border; or 21 |
|---|
| 600 | 600 | | (C) online account information of the indi-22 |
|---|
| 601 | 601 | | viduals while at the border. 23 |
|---|
| 602 | 602 | | SEC. 8. SAVINGS PROVISIONS. 24 |
|---|
| 603 | 603 | | Nothing in this Act shall be construed to— 25 |
|---|
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| 606 | 606 | | •HR 2604 IH |
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| 607 | 607 | | (1) prohibit a Governmental entity from con-1 |
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| 608 | 608 | | ducting an inspection of the external physical com-2 |
|---|
| 609 | 609 | | ponents of the electronic equipment to determine the 3 |
|---|
| 610 | 610 | | presence or absence of weapons or contraband with-4 |
|---|
| 611 | 611 | | out a warrant, including activating or attempting to 5 |
|---|
| 612 | 612 | | activate an object that appears to be electronic 6 |
|---|
| 613 | 613 | | equipment to verify that the object is electronic 7 |
|---|
| 614 | 614 | | equipment; or 8 |
|---|
| 615 | 615 | | (2) limit the authority of a Governmental entity 9 |
|---|
| 616 | 616 | | under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 10 |
|---|
| 617 | 617 | | 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). 11 |
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| 618 | 618 | | Æ |
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