I
119THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION H. R. 95
To require that each bill enacted by Congress be limited to only one subject,
and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JANUARY3, 2025
Mr. B
IGGSof Arizona introduced the following bill; which was referred to the
Committee on the Judiciary
A BILL
To require that each bill enacted by Congress be limited
to only one subject, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘One Bill, One Subject 4
Transparency Act’’. 5
SEC. 2. ONE SUBJECT PER BILL. 6
(a) O
NESUBJECT.—Each bill or joint resolution 7
shall embrace no more than one subject. 8
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(b) SUBJECT INTITLE.—The subject of a bill or joint 1
resolution shall be clearly and descriptively expressed in 2
the title. 3
(c) A
PPROPRIATIONBILLS.—An appropriations bill 4
shall not contain any general legislation or change of exist-5
ing law provision which is not germane to the subject mat-6
ter of the underlying bill. This subsection does not prohibit 7
any provision imposing limitations upon the expenditure 8
of appropriated funds. 9
SEC. 3. ENFORCEMENT. 10
(a) M
ULTIPLESUBJECTS INTITLE.—If the title of 11
an Act or joint resolution addresses two or more unrelated 12
subjects, then the entire Act or joint resolution is void. 13
(b) P
ROVISIONSNOTEXPRESSED INTITLE.—If an 14
Act or joint resolution contains provisions concerning a 15
subject that is not clearly and descriptively expressed in 16
its title, those provisions shall be void. 17
(c) A
PPROPRIATION PROVISIONSOUTSIDESUB-18
COMMITTEE JURISDICTION.—If an Act appropriating 19
funds contains a provision outside of the jurisdiction of 20
the relevant subcommittee of the Committees on Appro-21
priations of the House and of the Senate, and therefore 22
outside the subject of the bill, then such provision shall 23
be void. 24
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(d) PROVISIONS OFAPPROPRIATIONSBILLSNOT 1
G
ERMANE TO SUBJECTMATTER.—If an Act appro-2
priating funds contains general legislation or change of ex-3
isting law provision not germane to the subject matter of 4
the underlying bill, then every such provision shall be void. 5
(e) C
OMMENCEMENT OF AN ACTION.—Any person, 6
including a Member of the House of Representatives or 7
a Member of the Senate, aggrieved by the enforcement or 8
threat of enforcement of Acts that do not comply with sec-9
tion 2 shall have a cause of action under sections 2201 10
and 2202 of title 28, United States Code, against the 11
United States to seek appropriate relief, including an in-12
junction against the enforcement of any law, the passage 13
of which did not conform to section 2 or this section. The 14
cause of action only applies to an Act or joint resolution 15
signed into law on or after the date of enactment of this 16
Act. 17
(f) S
TATE OF REVIEW.—In any judicial action 18
brought pursuant to subsection (e), the standard of review 19
shall be de novo. 20
Æ
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