Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session

Us Congress Senate Bill SB1084 Compare Versions

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11 II
22 119THCONGRESS
33 1
44 STSESSION S. 1084
55 To authorize the relinquishment and in lieu selection of land and minerals
66 in the State of North Dakota, to restore land and minerals to Indian
77 Tribes within the State of North Dakota, and for other purposes.
88 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
99 MARCH14, 2025
1010 Mr. H
1111 OEVEN(for himself and Mr. CRAMER) introduced the following bill;
1212 which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Nat-
1313 ural Resources
1414 A BILL
1515 To authorize the relinquishment and in lieu selection of land
1616 and minerals in the State of North Dakota, to restore
1717 land and minerals to Indian Tribes within the State
1818 of North Dakota, and for other purposes.
1919 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
2020 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
2121 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
2222 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘North Dakota Trust 4
2323 Lands Completion Act of 2025’’. 5
2424 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 6
2525 In this Act: 7
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2828 •S 1084 IS
2929 (1) NORTH DAKOTA ENABLING ACT .—The term 1
3030 ‘‘North Dakota Enabling Act’’ means the Act of 2
3131 February 22, 1889 (25 Stat. 676, chapter 180). 3
3232 (2) R
3333 ESERVATION.—The term ‘‘reservation’’ 4
3434 means any Indian reservation located wholly or par-5
3535 tially within the State of North Dakota and recog-6
3636 nized under United States treaty, Executive order, 7
3737 or Act of Congress. 8
3838 (3) S
3939 ECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 9
4040 the Secretary of the Interior. 10
4141 (4) S
4242 TATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means the State 11
4343 of North Dakota, acting through the North Dakota 12
4444 Board of University and School Lands and its agent, 13
4545 the Department of Trust Lands. 14
4646 (5) S
4747 TATE LAND GRANT PARCEL .—The term 15
4848 ‘‘State land grant parcel’’ means— 16
4949 (A) a parcel of land granted to the State 17
5050 of North Dakota by Congress— 18
5151 (i) on statehood; or 19
5252 (ii) through a grant pursuant to the 20
5353 North Dakota Enabling Act; 21
5454 (B) a section of land numbered 16 or 36 22
5555 granted to the State of North Dakota by Con-23
5656 gress for school purposes; 24
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5959 •S 1084 IS
6060 (C) a parcel of land selected by the State 1
6161 of North Dakota as indemnity for any section 2
6262 of land numbered 16 or 36; and 3
6363 (D) a parcel of land other than a parcel of 4
6464 land described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) 5
6565 obtained by the State after statehood. 6
6666 (6) U
6767 NAPPROPRIATED FEDERAL LAND .— 7
6868 (A) I
6969 N GENERAL.—The term ‘‘unappropri-8
7070 ated Federal land’’ means public land adminis-9
7171 tered by the Bureau of Land Management lo-10
7272 cated within the State of North Dakota, includ-11
7373 ing public land that is mineral in character. 12
7474 (B) E
7575 XCLUSIONS.—The term ‘‘unappropri-13
7676 ated Federal land’’ does not include— 14
7777 (i) land (including an interest in land) 15
7878 acquired by the Bureau of Land Manage-16
7979 ment; 17
8080 (ii) any area of critical environmental 18
8181 concern established pursuant to section 19
8282 202(c)(3) of the Federal Land Policy and 20
8383 Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 21
8484 1712(c)(3)); or 22
8585 (iii) land that is— 23
8686 (I) withdrawn from— 24
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9090 (aa) entry, appropriation, or 1
9191 disposal under the public land 2
9292 laws; 3
9393 (bb) location, entry, and 4
9494 patent under the mining laws; or 5
9595 (cc) disposition under all 6
9696 laws pertaining to mineral and 7
9797 geothermal leasing or mineral 8
9898 materials; 9
9999 (II) located within a component 10
100100 of the National Landscape Conserva-11
101101 tion System; 12
102102 (III) designated as a Research 13
103103 Natural Area; 14
104104 (IV) located within any reserva-15
105105 tion; 16
106106 (V) located within— 17
107107 (aa) T. 147 N., R. 95 W.; 18
108108 (bb) T. 148 N., R. 95 W.; 19
109109 (cc) T. 148 N., R. 96 W.; or 20
110110 (dd) T. 149 N., R. 95 W.; 21
111111 (VI) located within a United 22
112112 States military reservation; or 23
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115115 •S 1084 IS
116116 (VII) designated by Congress or 1
117117 the President for conservation pur-2
118118 poses. 3
119119 SEC. 3. RELINQUISHMENT AND SELECTION; CONVEYANCE. 4
120120 (a) R
121121 ELINQUISHMENT AND SELECTION.— 5
122122 (1) I
123123 N GENERAL.—Subject to valid existing 6
124124 rights, if the State elects to relinquish all right, title, 7
125125 and interest of the State in and to a State land 8
126126 grant parcel located wholly or partially within the 9
127127 boundaries of any reservation, the Secretary shall 10
128128 authorize the State to select in accordance with this 11
129129 Act 1 or more parcels of unappropriated Federal 12
130130 land of substantially equivalent value. 13
131131 (2) A
132132 PPROVAL.—Not later than 180 days after 14
133133 the date on which the State makes a selection under 15
134134 paragraph (1), the Secretary shall approve or reject, 16
135135 in whole or in part, the selection. 17
136136 (3) R
137137 EVIEW.—Nothing in this subsection pre-18
138138 cludes the Secretary from conducting an environ-19
139139 mental review of any parcel proposed for relinquish-20
140140 ment under paragraph (1) if the Secretary deter-21
141141 mines that an environmental review is appropriate. 22
142142 (b) C
143143 ONVEYANCE.— 23
144144 (1) C
145145 ONVEYANCE BY SECRETARY .— 24
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148148 •S 1084 IS
149149 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days 1
150150 after the date on which the Secretary approves 2
151151 a State selection of unappropriated Federal 3
152152 land under subsection (a)(2), the Secretary 4
153153 shall initiate the actions necessary to convey to 5
154154 the State the unappropriated Federal land. 6
155155 (B) R
156156 EQUIREMENTS.—Conveyance of un-7
157157 appropriated Federal land by the Secretary 8
158158 under this Act— 9
159159 (i) shall be by patent or deed in a 10
160160 form acceptable to the State and the Sec-11
161161 retary; and 12
162162 (ii) shall not be considered a sale, ex-13
163163 change, or conveyance for purposes of sec-14
164164 tion 203, 205, 206, or 209 of the Federal 15
165165 Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 16
166166 (43 U.S.C. 1713, 1715, 1716, 1719). 17
167167 (2) R
168168 ELINQUISHMENT AND CONVEYANCE BY 18
169169 STATE.— 19
170170 (A) I
171171 N GENERAL.—As consideration for 20
172172 the conveyance of unappropriated Federal land 21
173173 under paragraph (1), on the date on which the 22
174174 unappropriated Federal land is conveyed to the 23
175175 State, the State shall concurrently relinquish 24
176176 and convey to the Secretary all right, title, and 25
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179179 •S 1084 IS
180180 interest of the State in and to the State land 1
181181 grant parcel identified for relinquishment under 2
182182 subsection (a)(1). 3
183183 (B) T
184184 ITLE.—The State shall convey to the 4
185185 Secretary title, free of any financial claims, li-5
186186 abilities, or other financial encumbrances, to all 6
187187 parcels relinquished under subparagraph (A). 7
188188 (C) L
189189 IMITATION.—Relinquishment and 8
190190 conveyance by the State of a State land grant 9
191191 parcel under this Act shall not be considered an 10
192192 exchange or acquisition for purposes of section 11
193193 205 or 206 of the Federal Land Policy and 12
194194 Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1715, 13
195195 1716). 14
196196 (c) S
197197 UCCESSION TORIGHTS ANDOBLIGATIONS.— 15
198198 Each party to which land is conveyed under this Act shall, 16
199199 to the fullest extent allowable under Federal and State 17
200200 law, succeed to the rights and obligations of the conveying 18
201201 party with respect to any lease, right-of-way, permit, or 19
202202 other valid existing right to which the land is subject. 20
203203 (d) M
204204 ANAGEMENTAFTERRELINQUISHMENT.— 21
205205 (1) R
206206 ESERVATION.—If a State land grant par-22
207207 cel relinquished by the State and conveyed to the 23
208208 Secretary under this Act is located wholly or par-24
209209 tially within the boundaries of any reservation, on 25
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212212 •S 1084 IS
213213 request of the applicable Indian Tribe, the portion of 1
214214 the State land grant parcel located within the 2
215215 boundaries of the reservation shall be— 3
216216 (A) taken into trust by the Secretary on 4
217217 behalf of, and for the benefit of, the Indian 5
218218 Tribe on the date of the conveyance; and 6
219219 (B) considered to be a part of the reserva-7
220220 tion of the Indian Tribe. 8
221221 (2) C
222222 ONSULTATION REQUIRED .—Prior to the 9
223223 conveyance of a State land grant parcel located 10
224224 wholly or partially within the boundaries of any res-11
225225 ervation, the State and the Secretary shall consult 12
226226 with affected Indian Tribes, including the Indian 13
227227 Tribe the land of which is subject to conveyance in 14
228228 accordance with Executive Order 13175 (25 U.S.C. 15
229229 5301 note; relating to consultation and coordination 16
230230 with Indian tribal governments) and other applicable 17
231231 laws. 18
232232 (e) W
233233 ITHDRAWAL.— 19
234234 (1) I
235235 N GENERAL.—Subject to valid rights in ex-20
236236 istence on the date of enactment of this Act, all un-21
237237 appropriated Federal land selected by the State for 22
238238 conveyance under this Act, effective beginning on 23
239239 the date on which the State makes the selection and 24
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242242 •S 1084 IS
243243 ending on the date described in paragraph (2), is 1
244244 withdrawn from all forms of— 2
245245 (A) entry, appropriation, or disposal under 3
246246 the public land laws; 4
247247 (B) location, entry, and patent under the 5
248248 mining laws; and 6
249249 (C) disposition under all laws pertaining to 7
250250 mineral and geothermal leasing or mineral ma-8
251251 terials. 9
252252 (2) D
253253 ATE DESCRIBED.—The date referred to in 10
254254 paragraph (1) is the date on which, as applicable— 11
255255 (A) the unappropriated Federal land is 12
256256 conveyed by the Secretary to the State; 13
257257 (B) the Secretary rejects the selection 14
258258 under subsection (a)(2); or 15
259259 (C) the State withdraws the selection. 16
260260 SEC. 4. VALUATION. 17
261261 (a) E
262262 QUALVALUE.—With respect to a State land 18
263263 grant parcel conveyed under this Act in consideration for 19
264264 a parcel of unappropriated Federal land selected in ac-20
265265 cordance with this Act— 21
266266 (1) the overall value of the State land grant 22
267267 parcel and the overall value of the parcel of unap-23
268268 propriated Federal land shall be substantially equal; 24
269269 or 25
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273273 (2) subject to subsection (c), if the overall value 1
274274 of the parcels is not equal, the party conveying the 2
275275 parcel of lesser value shall— 3
276276 (A) equalize the value by the payment of 4
277277 funds to the other party; or 5
278278 (B) enter the imbalance in value on a ledg-6
279279 er account in accordance with subsection (e). 7
280280 (b) A
281281 PPRAISALREQUIRED.— 8
282282 (1) I
283283 N GENERAL.—Except as provided in sub-9
284284 section (d), the value of the unappropriated Federal 10
285285 land selected in accordance with this Act and the 11
286286 value of a State land grant parcel conveyed under 12
287287 this Act shall be determined by appraisals conducted 13
288288 by 1 or more independent appraisers selected jointly 14
289289 by the Secretary and the State. 15
290290 (2) R
291291 EQUIREMENTS.—An appraisal under para-16
292292 graph (1) shall be completed in accordance with— 17
293293 (A) the Uniform Appraisal Standards for 18
294294 Federal Land Acquisitions; or 19
295295 (B) subject to subsection (d)(1), the Uni-20
296296 form Standards for Professional Appraisal 21
297297 Practice. 22
298298 (c) E
299299 QUALIZATION.—With respect to a conveyance to 23
300300 the Secretary of a State land grant parcel of lesser value 24
301301 than the parcel of unappropriated Federal land to be con-25
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304304 •S 1084 IS
305305 veyed to the State under this Act, the total value of the 1
306306 equalization payment described in subsection (a)(2)(A) or 2
307307 the ledger entry described in subsection (e), as applicable, 3
308308 may not exceed 25 percent of the total value of the parcel 4
309309 of unappropriated Federal land. 5
310310 (d) L
311311 OWVALUEPARCELS.— 6
312312 (1) I
313313 N GENERAL.—The Secretary, with the con-7
314314 sent of the State, may use mass appraisals, a sum-8
315315 mary appraisal, or a statement of value made by a 9
316316 qualified appraiser carried out in accordance with 10
317317 the Uniform Standards for Professional Appraisal 11
318318 Practice to determine the value of a State land 12
319319 grant parcel or a parcel of unappropriated Federal 13
320320 land to be conveyed under this Act instead of an ap-14
321321 praisal that complies with the Uniform Appraisal 15
322322 Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions if the 16
323323 State and the Secretary agree that market value of 17
324324 the State land grant parcel or parcel of unappropri-18
325325 ated Federal land, as applicable, is— 19
326326 (A) less than $500,000; and 20
327327 (B) less than $500 per acre. 21
328328 (2) D
329329 IVISION.—A State land grant parcel or a 22
330330 parcel of unappropriated Federal land may not be 23
331331 artificially divided in order to qualify for a summary 24
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334334 •S 1084 IS
335335 appraisal, mass appraisal, or statement of value 1
336336 under paragraph (1). 2
337337 (e) L
338338 EDGERACCOUNTS.— 3
339339 (1) I
340340 N GENERAL.—With respect to a State land 4
341341 grant parcel conveyed under this Act in consider-5
342342 ation for a parcel of unappropriated Federal land, if 6
343343 the overall value of the parcels is not equal, the Sec-7
344344 retary and the State may agree to use a ledger ac-8
345345 count to make equal the value. 9
346346 (2) I
347347 MBALANCES.—A ledger account described 10
348348 in paragraph (1) shall reflect imbalances in value to 11
349349 be reconciled in a subsequent transaction. 12
350350 (3) A
351351 CCOUNT BALANCING .—Each ledger ac-13
352352 count described in paragraph (1) shall be— 14
353353 (A) balanced not later than 3 years after 15
354354 the date on which the ledger account is estab-16
355355 lished; and 17
356356 (B) closed not later than 5 years after the 18
357357 date of the last conveyance of land under this 19
358358 Act. 20
359359 (4) C
360360 OSTS.— 21
361361 (A) I
362362 N GENERAL.—The Secretary or the 22
363363 State may assume costs or other responsibilities 23
364364 or requirements for conveying land under this 24
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367367 •S 1084 IS
368368 Act that ordinarily are borne by the other 1
369369 party. 2
370370 (B) A
371371 DJUSTMENT.—If the Secretary or the 3
372372 State assume costs or other responsibilities 4
373373 under subparagraph (A), the Secretary or the 5
374374 State shall make adjustments to the value of 6
375375 the unappropriated Federal land conveyed to 7
376376 the State to compensate the Secretary or the 8
377377 State, as applicable, for assuming the costs or 9
378378 other responsibilities. 10
379379 (5) M
380380 INERAL LAND.—If value is attributed to 11
381381 any parcel of unappropriated Federal land that has 12
382382 been selected by the State because of the presence 13
383383 of minerals under a lease entered into under the 14
384384 Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) that is 15
385385 in a producing or producible status, and the lease is 16
386386 to be conveyed under this Act, the value of the par-17
387387 cel shall be reduced by the amount that represents 18
388388 the likely Federal revenue sharing obligation under 19
389389 the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) 20
390390 with the State, but the adjustment shall not be con-21
391391 sidered as reflecting a property right of the State. 22
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394394 •S 1084 IS
395395 SEC. 5. MISCELLANEOUS. 1
396396 (a) I
397397 NGENERAL.—Land or minerals conveyed under 2
398398 this Act shall be subject to all applicable Federal, State, 3
399399 and Tribal law. 4
400400 (b) P
401401 ROTECTION OFINDIANRIGHTS.— 5
402402 (1) T
403403 REATY RIGHTS.—Nothing in this Act 6
404404 modifies, limits, expands, or otherwise affects any 7
405405 treaty-reserved right or other right of any Indian 8
406406 Tribe recognized by any other means, including trea-9
407407 ties or agreements with the United States, Executive 10
408408 orders, statutes, regulations, or case law. 11
409409 (2) L
410410 AND OR MINERALS HELD IN TRUST .— 12
411411 Nothing in this Act affects— 13
412412 (A) land or minerals held in trust by the 14
413413 United States as of the date of enactment of 15
414414 this Act on behalf of, and for the benefit of, any 16
415415 Indian Tribe; or 17
416416 (B) any individual Indian allotment. 18
417417 (c) H
418418 AZARDOUSMATERIALS.— 19
419419 (1) I
420420 N GENERAL.—The Secretary and the State 20
421421 shall make available for review and inspection any 21
422422 record relating to hazardous materials on land to be 22
423423 conveyed under this Act. 23
424424 (2) C
425425 ERTIFICATION.— 24
426426 (A) I
427427 N GENERAL.—Prior to completing a 25
428428 conveyance of unappropriated Federal land 26
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431431 •S 1084 IS
432432 under this Act, the Secretary shall complete an 1
433433 inspection and a hazardous materials certifi-2
434434 cation of the land to be conveyed. 3
435435 (B) S
436436 TATE LAND GRANT PARCELS .—Prior 4
437437 to completing a conveyance of a State land 5
438438 grant parcel under this Act, the State shall 6
439439 complete an inspection and a hazardous mate-7
440440 rials certification of the land to be conveyed. 8
441441 (d) G
442442 RAZINGPERMITS.— 9
443443 (1) I
444444 N GENERAL.—If land conveyed under this 10
445445 Act is subject to a lease, permit, or contract for the 11
446446 grazing of domestic livestock in effect on the date of 12
447447 the conveyance, the Secretary or the State, as appli-13
448448 cable, shall allow the grazing to continue for the re-14
449449 mainder of the term of the lease, permit, or con-15
450450 tract, subject to the related terms and conditions of 16
451451 the user agreements, including permitted stocking 17
452452 rates, grazing fee levels, access, and ownership and 18
453453 use of range improvements. 19
454454 (2) C
455455 ANCELLATION.— 20
456456 (A) I
457457 N GENERAL.—Nothing in this Act 21
458458 prevents the Secretary or the State from can-22
459459 celing or modifying a grazing permit, lease, or 23
460460 contract if the land subject to the permit, lease, 24
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463463 •S 1084 IS
464464 or contract is sold, conveyed, transferred, or 1
465465 leased for nongrazing purposes. 2
466466 (B) B
467467 ASE PROPERTIES.—If land conveyed 3
468468 by the State under this Act is used by a grazing 4
469469 permittee or lessee to meet the base property 5
470470 requirements for a Federal grazing permit or 6
471471 lease, the land shall continue to qualify as a 7
472472 base property for the remaining term of the 8
473473 lease or permit and the term of any renewal or 9
474474 extension of the lease or permit. 10
475475 (C) R
476476 ANGE IMPROVEMENTS .—Nothing in 11
477477 this Act prohibits a holder of a grazing lease, 12
478478 permit, or contract from being compensated for 13
479479 range improvements pursuant to the terms of 14
480480 the lease, permit, or contract under existing 15
481481 Federal or State laws. 16
482482 SEC. 6. SAVINGS CLAUSE. 17
483483 Nothing in this Act applies to or affects litigation or 18
484484 disputes pending on the date of enactment of this Act re-19
485485 garding the ownership of any land or mineral resources 20
486486 located within the State of North Dakota. 21
487487 Æ
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