| 1 | 1 | | II |
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| 2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION S. 1129 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To amend the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act |
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| 6 | 6 | | of 1990 to improve the dietary guidelines, and for other purposes. |
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| 7 | 7 | | IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES |
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| 8 | 8 | | MARCH25, 2025 |
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| 9 | 9 | | Mr. M |
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| 10 | 10 | | ARSHALLintroduced the following bill; which was read twice and |
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| 11 | 11 | | referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry |
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| 12 | 12 | | A BILL |
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| 13 | 13 | | To amend the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related |
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| 14 | 14 | | Research Act of 1990 to improve the dietary guidelines, |
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| 15 | 15 | | and for other purposes. |
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| 16 | 16 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 17 | 17 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 18 | 18 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 19 | 19 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Dietary Guidelines Re-4 |
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| 20 | 20 | | form Act of 2025’’. 5 |
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| 21 | 21 | | SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF DIETARY GUIDELINES. 6 |
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| 22 | 22 | | (a) I |
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| 23 | 23 | | NGENERAL.—Section 301(a) of the National 7 |
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| 24 | 24 | | Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act of 1990 8 |
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| 25 | 25 | | (7 U.S.C. 5341(a)) is amended— 9 |
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| 26 | 26 | | (1) in paragraph (1)— 10 |
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| 28 | 28 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 2 |
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| 29 | 29 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 30 | 30 | | (A) by striking the paragraph designation 1 |
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| 31 | 31 | | and heading and all that follows through ‘‘five 2 |
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| 32 | 32 | | years’’ in the first sentence and inserting the 3 |
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| 33 | 33 | | following: 4 |
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| 34 | 34 | | ‘‘(1) I |
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| 35 | 35 | | N GENERAL.—At least every 10 years,’’; 5 |
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| 36 | 36 | | and 6 |
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| 37 | 37 | | (B) by adding at the end the following: 7 |
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| 38 | 38 | | ‘‘Rulemaking requirements under section 553 of 8 |
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| 39 | 39 | | title 5, United States Code, shall apply to the 9 |
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| 40 | 40 | | development of each report under this para-10 |
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| 41 | 41 | | graph.’’; 11 |
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| 42 | 42 | | (2) by indenting paragraphs (2) and (3) appro-12 |
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| 43 | 43 | | priately; 13 |
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| 44 | 44 | | (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘shall’’ and all 14 |
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| 45 | 45 | | that follows through the period at the end and in-15 |
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| 46 | 46 | | serting the following: ‘‘shall— 16 |
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| 47 | 47 | | ‘‘(A) be based on significant scientific 17 |
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| 48 | 48 | | agreement that is determined by evidence-based 18 |
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| 49 | 49 | | review (as defined in paragraph (9)(A)); 19 |
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| 50 | 50 | | ‘‘(B) be current at the time that the report 20 |
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| 51 | 51 | | is prepared; 21 |
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| 52 | 52 | | ‘‘(C) be derived from the questions gen-22 |
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| 53 | 53 | | erated under paragraph (5)(E); 23 |
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| 54 | 54 | | ‘‘(D) address high-priority areas of concern 24 |
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| 55 | 55 | | to advance health outcomes; 25 |
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| 57 | 57 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 3 |
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| 58 | 58 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 59 | 59 | | ‘‘(E) be designed to achieve nutritional 1 |
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| 60 | 60 | | adequacy and promote health, as specified by 2 |
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| 61 | 61 | | the Food and Nutrition Board of the National 3 |
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| 62 | 62 | | Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medi-4 |
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| 63 | 63 | | cine, through the consumption of food, includ-5 |
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| 64 | 64 | | ing nutrients and bioactive food components oc-6 |
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| 65 | 65 | | curring naturally and in fortified foods; 7 |
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| 66 | 66 | | ‘‘(F) include nutritional and dietary infor-8 |
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| 67 | 67 | | mation relevant to individuals with common nu-9 |
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| 68 | 68 | | trition-related chronic diseases, as defined by 10 |
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| 69 | 69 | | the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 11 |
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| 70 | 70 | | and 12 |
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| 71 | 71 | | ‘‘(G) include recommendations that are af-13 |
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| 72 | 72 | | fordable, available, and accessible for the gen-14 |
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| 73 | 73 | | eral population.’’; 15 |
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| 74 | 74 | | (4) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para-16 |
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| 75 | 75 | | graph (8); 17 |
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| 76 | 76 | | (5) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol-18 |
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| 77 | 77 | | lowing: 19 |
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| 78 | 78 | | ‘‘(3) F |
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| 79 | 79 | | REQUENCY.—The Secretaries may pub-20 |
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| 80 | 80 | | lish the report required under paragraph (1) more 21 |
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| 81 | 81 | | frequently than required under that paragraph if the 22 |
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| 82 | 82 | | Secretaries determine that more frequent publication 23 |
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| 83 | 83 | | is necessary to promote health based on updated die-24 |
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| 84 | 84 | | tary reference intake values specified by— 25 |
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| 86 | 86 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 4 |
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| 87 | 87 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 88 | 88 | | ‘‘(A) the Food and Nutrition Board of the 1 |
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| 89 | 89 | | National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 2 |
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| 90 | 90 | | and Medicine; and 3 |
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| 91 | 91 | | ‘‘(B) other relevant scientific advancements 4 |
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| 92 | 92 | | based on continuous review of the totality of 5 |
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| 93 | 93 | | publicly available scientific evidence. 6 |
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| 94 | 94 | | ‘‘(4) N |
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| 95 | 95 | | OTIFICATION OF UPDATE.— 7 |
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| 96 | 96 | | ‘‘(A) I |
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| 97 | 97 | | N GENERAL.—Not later than 90 8 |
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| 98 | 98 | | days before the Secretaries plan to update a re-9 |
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| 99 | 99 | | port under paragraph (1), the Secretaries shall 10 |
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| 100 | 100 | | submit notification of that plan, in writing, to 11 |
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| 101 | 101 | | the Committees on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 12 |
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| 102 | 102 | | Forestry and Health, Education, Labor, and 13 |
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| 103 | 103 | | Pensions of the Senate and the Committees on 14 |
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| 104 | 104 | | Agriculture and Energy and Commerce of the 15 |
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| 105 | 105 | | House of Representatives. 16 |
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| 106 | 106 | | ‘‘(B) J |
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| 107 | 107 | | USTIFICATION.—The notification 17 |
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| 108 | 108 | | under subparagraph (A) shall include a jus-18 |
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| 109 | 109 | | tification for updating the report. 19 |
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| 110 | 110 | | ‘‘(5) I |
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| 111 | 111 | | NDEPENDENT ADVISORY BOARD .— 20 |
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| 112 | 112 | | ‘‘(A) I |
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| 113 | 113 | | N GENERAL.—Not later than 90 21 |
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| 114 | 114 | | days after the Secretaries submit a notification 22 |
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| 115 | 115 | | under paragraph (4)(A), the Secretaries shall 23 |
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| 116 | 116 | | establish an Independent Advisory Board (re-24 |
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| 117 | 117 | | ferred to in this paragraph as the ‘Board’). 25 |
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| 119 | 119 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 5 |
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| 120 | 120 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 121 | 121 | | ‘‘(B) MEMBERS.—The Board shall com-1 |
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| 122 | 122 | | prise not more than 8 members, of which— 2 |
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| 123 | 123 | | ‘‘(i) 4 shall be appointed by the Secre-3 |
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| 124 | 124 | | taries, 2 of whom shall not be Federal em-4 |
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| 125 | 125 | | ployees; and 5 |
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| 126 | 126 | | ‘‘(ii) 1 shall be appointed by each of 6 |
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| 127 | 127 | | the highest-ranking Member on each Com-7 |
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| 128 | 128 | | mittee described in paragraph (4)(A) of 8 |
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| 129 | 129 | | the opposite political party of the President 9 |
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| 130 | 130 | | of the United States. 10 |
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| 131 | 131 | | ‘‘(C) E |
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| 132 | 132 | | XPERTISE.—Each member ap-11 |
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| 133 | 133 | | pointed to the Board shall have expertise in nu-12 |
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| 134 | 134 | | trition science or food science, including aca-13 |
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| 135 | 135 | | demic and applied experience. 14 |
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| 136 | 136 | | ‘‘(D) M |
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| 137 | 137 | | EETINGS.— 15 |
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| 138 | 138 | | ‘‘(i) I |
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| 139 | 139 | | N GENERAL.—The first meeting 16 |
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| 140 | 140 | | of the Board shall take place on or after 17 |
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| 141 | 141 | | the date that is 90 days after the Secre-18 |
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| 142 | 142 | | taries submit a notification under para-19 |
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| 143 | 143 | | graph (4)(A). 20 |
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| 144 | 144 | | ‘‘(ii) Q |
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| 145 | 145 | | UORUM.—A |
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| 146 | 146 | | 6 |
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| 147 | 147 | | ⁄8majority of the 21 |
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| 148 | 148 | | members shall constitute a quorum for the 22 |
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| 149 | 149 | | transaction of the business of the Board. 23 |
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| 150 | 150 | | ‘‘(E) D |
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| 151 | 151 | | UTIES.—Not later than 1 year after 24 |
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| 152 | 152 | | the establishment of the Board, the Board shall 25 |
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| 154 | 154 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 6 |
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| 155 | 155 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 156 | 156 | | submit to the Secretaries and the Committees 1 |
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| 157 | 157 | | described in paragraph (4)(A) a list of scientific 2 |
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| 158 | 158 | | questions based on the proposed report under 3 |
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| 159 | 159 | | paragraph (1), which questions shall be used to 4 |
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| 160 | 160 | | inform the work of the Secretaries on that re-5 |
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| 161 | 161 | | port and any relevant work of the Committees 6 |
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| 162 | 162 | | described in paragraph (4)(A). 7 |
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| 163 | 163 | | ‘‘(F) T |
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| 164 | 164 | | ERMINATION.—The authority of the 8 |
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| 165 | 165 | | Board shall terminate, and the Board shall dis-9 |
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| 166 | 166 | | band, immediately after carrying out subpara-10 |
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| 167 | 167 | | graph (E). 11 |
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| 168 | 168 | | ‘‘(6) D |
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| 169 | 169 | | IETARY REFERENCE INTAKE UPDATES .— 12 |
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| 170 | 170 | | ‘‘(A) I |
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| 171 | 171 | | N GENERAL.—The Secretaries shall 13 |
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| 172 | 172 | | coordinate with the Joint United States-Canada 14 |
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| 173 | 173 | | Dietary Reference Intake Working Group to en-15 |
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| 174 | 174 | | sure that the Food and Nutrition Board of the 16 |
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| 175 | 175 | | National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 17 |
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| 176 | 176 | | and Medicine update the dietary reference in-18 |
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| 177 | 177 | | take values to represent the most up-to-date 19 |
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| 178 | 178 | | understanding of nutritional science. 20 |
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| 179 | 179 | | ‘‘(B) U |
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| 180 | 180 | | PDATES.—The Joint United States- 21 |
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| 181 | 181 | | Canada Dietary Reference Intake Working 22 |
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| 182 | 182 | | Group is encouraged— 23 |
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| 183 | 183 | | ‘‘(i) to initiate at least 1 dietary ref-24 |
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| 184 | 184 | | erence intake update per year; and 25 |
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| 186 | 186 | | kjohnson on DSK7ZCZBW3PROD with $$_JOB 7 |
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| 187 | 187 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 188 | 188 | | ‘‘(ii) to identify updates that are of 1 |
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| 189 | 189 | | highest priority and necessitate review. 2 |
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| 190 | 190 | | ‘‘(7) E |
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| 191 | 191 | | XCLUSION.—The information and guide-3 |
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| 192 | 192 | | lines contained in each report required under para-4 |
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| 193 | 193 | | graph (1) shall not be based on or include topics 5 |
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| 194 | 194 | | that are not relevant to dietary guidance, as deter-6 |
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| 195 | 195 | | mined by the Secretaries, in consultation with the 7 |
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| 196 | 196 | | Independent Advisory Board established under para-8 |
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| 197 | 197 | | graph (5), including taxation, social welfare policies, 9 |
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| 198 | 198 | | purchases under Federal feeding programs, food and 10 |
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| 199 | 199 | | agricultural production practices, food labeling, so-11 |
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| 200 | 200 | | cioeconomic status, race, religion, ethnicity, culture, 12 |
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| 201 | 201 | | or regulations relating to nutrition.’’; and 13 |
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| 202 | 202 | | (6) by adding at the end the following: 14 |
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| 203 | 203 | | ‘‘(9) E |
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| 204 | 204 | | VIDENCE-BASED REVIEW.— 15 |
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| 205 | 205 | | ‘‘(A) D |
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| 206 | 206 | | EFINITION OF EVIDENCE -BASED 16 |
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| 207 | 207 | | REVIEW.—In this paragraph, the term ‘evi-17 |
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| 208 | 208 | | dence-based review’ means a process under 18 |
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| 209 | 209 | | which— 19 |
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| 210 | 210 | | ‘‘(i) the totality of the scientific evi-20 |
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| 211 | 211 | | dence relevant to a question of interest is 21 |
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| 212 | 212 | | collected, analyzed, and evaluated; 22 |
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| 213 | 213 | | ‘‘(ii) scientific studies, conclusions, 23 |
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| 214 | 214 | | and recommendations are rated, adhering 24 |
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| 217 | 217 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 218 | 218 | | strictly to standardized, generally accepted 1 |
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| 219 | 219 | | evidence-based review methods; and 2 |
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| 220 | 220 | | ‘‘(iii) external peer review is con-3 |
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| 221 | 221 | | ducted by nongovernment experts with rec-4 |
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| 222 | 222 | | ognized expertise in quality-of-evidence 5 |
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| 223 | 223 | | evaluation. 6 |
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| 224 | 224 | | ‘‘(B) S |
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| 225 | 225 | | TRENGTH OF EVIDENCE .—Each 7 |
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| 226 | 226 | | guideline contained in a report published under 8 |
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| 227 | 227 | | paragraph (1) shall be assigned a rating by the 9 |
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| 228 | 228 | | Secretaries for the strength of evidence used, 10 |
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| 229 | 229 | | including the extent to which the guideline will 11 |
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| 230 | 230 | | improve the Healthy Eating Index. 12 |
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| 231 | 231 | | ‘‘(10) T |
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| 232 | 232 | | RANSPARENCY.— 13 |
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| 233 | 233 | | ‘‘(A) D |
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| 234 | 234 | | ISCLOSURE.—Any individual ap-14 |
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| 235 | 235 | | pointed to the Dietary Guidelines Advisory 15 |
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| 236 | 236 | | Committee or an Independent Advisory Board 16 |
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| 237 | 237 | | established under paragraph (5) shall provide 17 |
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| 238 | 238 | | full disclosure of all financial and nonfinancial 18 |
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| 239 | 239 | | conflicts of interest relevant to their member-19 |
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| 240 | 240 | | ship using the Office of Government Ethics 20 |
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| 241 | 241 | | Form 450 (or successor form). 21 |
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| 242 | 242 | | ‘‘(B) P |
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| 243 | 243 | | UBLICATION.—Notwithstanding any 22 |
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| 244 | 244 | | other provision of law, not later than 30 days 23 |
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| 245 | 245 | | after the date on which a Dietary Guidelines 24 |
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| 248 | 248 | | •S 1129 IS |
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| 249 | 249 | | Advisory Committee is established, the Secre-1 |
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| 250 | 250 | | taries shall make publicly available— 2 |
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| 251 | 251 | | ‘‘(i) the disclosures required under 3 |
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| 252 | 252 | | subparagraph (A), categorized by the name 4 |
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| 253 | 253 | | of the individual; and 5 |
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| 254 | 254 | | ‘‘(ii) a detailed plan for managing any 6 |
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| 255 | 255 | | disclosed conflicts of interest, including fi-7 |
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| 256 | 256 | | nancial or ethical conflicts of interest, pref-8 |
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| 257 | 257 | | erences, values, and beliefs. 9 |
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| 258 | 258 | | ‘‘(11) F |
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| 259 | 259 | | UNDING.—Of the funds made available 10 |
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| 260 | 260 | | by section 32 of the Act of August 24, 1935 (7 11 |
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| 261 | 261 | | U.S.C. 612c), the Secretary of Agriculture shall 12 |
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| 262 | 262 | | make available to carry out this subsection 13 |
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| 263 | 263 | | $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 14 |
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| 264 | 264 | | 2029, to remain available until expended.’’. 15 |
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| 265 | 265 | | (b) C |
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| 266 | 266 | | ONTROLLING REPORT.—The 2020 Dietary 16 |
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| 267 | 267 | | Guidelines for Americans published by the Secretaries 17 |
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| 268 | 268 | | under section 301(a)(1) of the National Nutrition Moni-18 |
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| 269 | 269 | | toring and Related Research Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 19 |
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| 270 | 270 | | 5341(a)(1)) (as in effect before the date of enactment of 20 |
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| 271 | 271 | | this Act) shall be considered the most recent Dietary 21 |
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| 272 | 272 | | Guidelines for Americans until the publication of the first 22 |
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| 273 | 273 | | report under that section (as amended by subsection (a)). 23 |
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| 274 | 274 | | Æ |
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