II
119THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION S. 1165
To require the United States Trade Representative to regularly monitor
industrial subsidies provided by the Government of the People’s Republic
of China and submit a report on the risks posed by those subsidies,
and for other purposes.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
MARCH27, 2025
Ms. H
ASSAN(for herself and Mr. CASSIDY) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance
A BILL
To require the United States Trade Representative to regu-
larly monitor industrial subsidies provided by the Govern-
ment of the People’s Republic of China and submit a
report on the risks posed by those subsidies, and for
other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Strengthen American 4
Competitiveness Against Harmful Subsidies Act of 2025’’. 5
VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:41 Apr 01, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S1165.IS S1165
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 2
•S 1165 IS
SEC. 2. MONITORING BY UNITED STATES TRADE REP-1
RESENTATIVE OF INDUSTRIAL SUBSIDIES 2
PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLE’S 3
REPUBLIC OF CHINA. 4
(a) M
ONITORING.—The United States Trade Rep-5
resentative, in coordination with the entities specified in 6
subsection (b), shall regularly monitor— 7
(1) industrial subsidies provided by the Govern-8
ment of the People’s Republic of China; and 9
(2) plans by the Government of the People’s 10
Republic of China to implement new industrial sub-11
sidies or expand existing industrial subsidies. 12
(b) E
NTITIESSPECIFIED.—The entities specified in 13
this subsection are the following: 14
(1) The Bureau of Economics and Business Af-15
fairs of the Department of State. 16
(2) The United States and Foreign Commercial 17
Service of the Department of Commerce (established 18
by section 2301 of the Export Enhancement Act of 19
1988 (15 U.S.C. 4721)). 20
(3) The International Trade Administration of 21
the Department of Commerce (other than the 22
United States and Foreign Commercial Service). 23
(4) The Foreign Agricultural Service of the De-24
partment of Agriculture. 25
(5) The Small Business Administration. 26
VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:41 Apr 01, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S1165.IS S1165
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 3
•S 1165 IS
(6) Any other department or agency of the Fed-1
eral Government, as determined by the President. 2
SEC. 3. REPORTING BY UNITED STATES TRADE REP-3
RESENTATIVE ON RISKS POSED BY INDUS-4
TRIAL SUBSIDIES PROVIDED BY GOVERN-5
MENT OF PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. 6
(a) R
EPORTING.—Not later than one year after the 7
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, 8
the United States Trade Representative, in coordination 9
with the entities specified in subsection (b), shall submit 10
to the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the Com-11
mittee on Ways and Means of the House of Representa-12
tives a report that— 13
(1) identifies current and expected industrial 14
subsidies provided by the Government of the Peo-15
ple’s Republic of China that pose significant risk 16
to— 17
(A) employment in the United States, in-18
cluding employment in strategically critical in-19
dustries; and 20
(B) manufacturing in the United States, 21
including production of strategically critical 22
goods; and 23
VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:41 Apr 01, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S1165.IS S1165
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 4
•S 1165 IS
(2) recommends legislative, administrative, or 1
other actions that could mitigate the risks posed by 2
industrial subsidies identified in paragraph (1). 3
(b) E
NTITIESSPECIFIED.—The entities specified in 4
this subsection are the following: 5
(1) The Bureau of Economics and Business Af-6
fairs of the Department of State. 7
(2) The United States Agency for International 8
Development. 9
(3) The United States and Foreign Commercial 10
Service of the Department of Commerce (established 11
by section 2301 of the Export Enhancement Act of 12
1988 (15 U.S.C. 4721)). 13
(4) The Industry and Analysis unit and the En-14
forcement and Compliance unit of the International 15
Trade Administration of the Department of Com-16
merce. 17
(5) The Bureau of Industry and Security of the 18
Department of Commerce. 19
(6) The Small Business Administration. 20
(7) The Department of Labor. 21
(8) The Department of Transportation. 22
(9) The Department of Energy. 23
VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:41 Apr 01, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S1165.IS S1165
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 5
•S 1165 IS
(10) Any other department or agency of the 1
Federal Government, as determined by the Presi-2
dent. 3
(c) D
EFINITIONS.—In this section: 4
(1) C
RITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE .—The term 5
‘‘critical infrastructure’’ has the meaning given that 6
term in the Critical Infrastructures Protection Act 7
of 2001 (42 U.S.C. 5195c). 8
(2) K
EY TECHNOLOGY FOCUS AREAS .—The 9
term ‘‘key technology focus areas’’ means the key 10
technology focus areas included in the list required 11
under section 10387(a)(2) of the Research and De-12
velopment, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 13
U.S.C. 19107(a)(2)). 14
(3) S
TRATEGICALLY CRITICAL GOOD .—The 15
term ‘‘strategically critical good’’ means any raw, in 16
process, or manufactured material (including any 17
mineral, metal, or advanced processed material), ar-18
ticle, commodity, supply, product, or item of supply 19
the absence of which would have a significant effect 20
on— 21
(A) the national security or economic secu-22
rity of the United States; and 23
(B) critical infrastructure. 24
VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:41 Apr 01, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S1165.IS S1165
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 6
•S 1165 IS
(4) STRATEGICALLY CRITICAL INDUSTRY .—The 1
term ‘‘strategically critical industry’’ means an in-2
dustry that is critical for the national security or 3
economic security of the United States, considering 4
key technology focus areas and critical infrastruc-5
ture. 6
Æ
VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:41 Apr 01, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6301 E:\BILLS\S1165.IS S1165
ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS