| 1 | 1 | | II |
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| 2 | 2 | | 119THCONGRESS |
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| 3 | 3 | | 1 |
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| 4 | 4 | | STSESSION S. 556 |
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| 5 | 5 | | To impose sanctions with respect to persons engaged in logistical transactions |
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| 6 | 6 | | and sanctions evasion relating to oil, gas, liquefied natural gas, and |
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| 7 | 7 | | related petrochemical products from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and |
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| 8 | 8 | | for other purposes. |
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| 9 | 9 | | IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES |
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| 10 | 10 | | FEBRUARY12, 2025 |
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| 11 | 11 | | Mr. S |
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| 12 | 12 | | ULLIVAN(for himself, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Mr. CORNYN, and Mr. |
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| 13 | 13 | | R |
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| 14 | 14 | | ICKETTS) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and re- |
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| 15 | 15 | | ferred to the Committee on Foreign Relations |
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| 16 | 16 | | A BILL |
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| 17 | 17 | | To impose sanctions with respect to persons engaged in |
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| 18 | 18 | | logistical transactions and sanctions evasion relating to |
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| 19 | 19 | | oil, gas, liquefied natural gas, and related petrochemical |
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| 20 | 20 | | products from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and for |
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| 21 | 21 | | other purposes. |
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| 22 | 22 | | Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1 |
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| 23 | 23 | | tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2 |
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| 24 | 24 | | SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 |
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| 25 | 25 | | This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Enhanced Iran Sanc-4 |
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| 26 | 26 | | tions Act of 2025’’. 5 |
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| 27 | 27 | | SEC. 2. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 6 |
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| 28 | 28 | | It is the policy of the United States— 7 |
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| 31 | 31 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 32 | 32 | | (1) that, in accordance with the Iran Nuclear 1 |
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| 33 | 33 | | Weapons Capability and Terrorism Monitoring Act 2 |
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| 34 | 34 | | of 2022 (22 U.S.C. 8701 note; Public Law 117– 3 |
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| 35 | 35 | | 263), the United States must— 4 |
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| 36 | 36 | | (A) ensure that the Islamic Republic of 5 |
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| 37 | 37 | | Iran does not acquire a nuclear weapons capa-6 |
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| 38 | 38 | | bility; 7 |
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| 39 | 39 | | (B) protect against aggression from the Is-8 |
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| 40 | 40 | | lamic Republic of Iran manifested through its 9 |
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| 41 | 41 | | missiles and drone programs; and 10 |
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| 42 | 42 | | (C) counter regional and global terrorism 11 |
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| 43 | 43 | | of the Islamic Republic of Iran in a manner 12 |
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| 44 | 44 | | that minimizes the threat posed by state and 13 |
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| 45 | 45 | | non-state actors to the interests of the United 14 |
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| 46 | 46 | | States; 15 |
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| 47 | 47 | | (2) to fully enforce sanctions against all persons 16 |
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| 48 | 48 | | involved in the international logistical chain that 17 |
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| 49 | 49 | | provide support to the energy sector of the Islamic 18 |
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| 50 | 50 | | Republic of Iran; 19 |
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| 51 | 51 | | (3) through such sanctions, to deny the Islamic 20 |
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| 52 | 52 | | Republic of Iran the financial resources required— 21 |
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| 53 | 53 | | (A) to fund and facilitate international ter-22 |
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| 54 | 54 | | rorism; 23 |
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| 55 | 55 | | (B) to finance the development of weapons 24 |
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| 56 | 56 | | of mass destruction; 25 |
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| 59 | 59 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 60 | 60 | | (C) to engage in destabilizing efforts 1 |
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| 61 | 61 | | abroad; and 2 |
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| 62 | 62 | | (D) to repress the rights of Iranian citi-3 |
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| 63 | 63 | | zens; and 4 |
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| 64 | 64 | | (4) to strengthen coherence among members of 5 |
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| 65 | 65 | | the international community in enforcing sanctions 6 |
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| 66 | 66 | | on the malign activity of the Islamic Republic of 7 |
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| 67 | 67 | | Iran. 8 |
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| 68 | 68 | | SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 9 |
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| 69 | 69 | | In this Act: 10 |
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| 70 | 70 | | (1) A |
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| 71 | 71 | | DMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 11 |
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| 72 | 72 | | and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in 12 |
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| 73 | 73 | | section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality 13 |
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| 74 | 74 | | Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)). 14 |
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| 75 | 75 | | (2) A |
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| 76 | 76 | | PPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT -15 |
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| 77 | 77 | | TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-16 |
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| 78 | 78 | | mittees’’ means— 17 |
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| 79 | 79 | | (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 18 |
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| 80 | 80 | | the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Com-19 |
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| 81 | 81 | | mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 20 |
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| 82 | 82 | | of the Senate; and 21 |
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| 83 | 83 | | (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 22 |
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| 84 | 84 | | Committee on the Judiciary, and the Com-23 |
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| 85 | 85 | | mittee on Financial Services of the House of 24 |
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| 86 | 86 | | Representatives. 25 |
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| 89 | 89 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 90 | 90 | | (3) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-1 |
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| 91 | 91 | | son’’ means a person that is not a United States 2 |
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| 92 | 92 | | person, including the government of a foreign coun-3 |
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| 93 | 93 | | try. 4 |
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| 94 | 94 | | (4) K |
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| 95 | 95 | | NOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’, with 5 |
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| 96 | 96 | | respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 6 |
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| 97 | 97 | | means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 7 |
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| 98 | 98 | | have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 8 |
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| 99 | 99 | | result. 9 |
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| 100 | 100 | | (5) P |
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| 101 | 101 | | ROPERTY; INTEREST IN PROPERTY .—The 10 |
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| 102 | 102 | | terms ‘‘property’’ and ‘‘interest in property’’ have 11 |
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| 103 | 103 | | the meanings given the terms ‘‘property’’ and ‘‘prop-12 |
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| 104 | 104 | | erty interest’’, respectively, in section 576.312 of 13 |
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| 105 | 105 | | title 31, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on 14 |
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| 106 | 106 | | the day before the date of the enactment of this Act. 15 |
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| 107 | 107 | | (6) U |
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| 108 | 108 | | NITED STATES PERSON .—The term 16 |
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| 109 | 109 | | ‘‘United States person’’ means— 17 |
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| 110 | 110 | | (A) an individual who is a United States 18 |
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| 111 | 111 | | citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for perma-19 |
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| 112 | 112 | | nent residence to the United States; 20 |
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| 113 | 113 | | (B) an entity organized under the laws of 21 |
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| 114 | 114 | | the United States or any jurisdiction within the 22 |
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| 115 | 115 | | United States, including a foreign branch of 23 |
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| 116 | 116 | | such an entity; or 24 |
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| 117 | 117 | | (C) any person in the United States. 25 |
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| 120 | 120 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 121 | 121 | | SEC. 4. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PER-1 |
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| 122 | 122 | | SONS ENGAGED IN LOGISTICAL TRANS-2 |
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| 123 | 123 | | ACTIONS OF OIL, GAS, LIQUEFIED NATURAL 3 |
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| 124 | 124 | | GAS, AND PETROCHEMICAL PRODUCTS FROM 4 |
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| 125 | 125 | | THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN. 5 |
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| 126 | 126 | | (a) I |
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| 127 | 127 | | NGENERAL.—On and after the date of the en-6 |
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| 128 | 128 | | actment of this Act, the President shall impose the sanc-7 |
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| 129 | 129 | | tions described in subsection (b) with respect to any for-8 |
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| 130 | 130 | | eign person, including any bank or foreign financial insti-9 |
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| 131 | 131 | | tution, insurance provider, flagging registry, pipeline con-10 |
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| 132 | 132 | | struction or operation facility for liquefied natural gas, 11 |
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| 133 | 133 | | that— 12 |
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| 134 | 134 | | (1) the President determines knowingly engaged 13 |
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| 135 | 135 | | in, on or after such date of enactment, any trans-14 |
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| 136 | 136 | | action involved in, relating or incident to the proc-15 |
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| 137 | 137 | | essing, export, or sale of oil, condensates, gas, lique-16 |
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| 138 | 138 | | fied natural gas, or other petrochemical products in 17 |
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| 139 | 139 | | whole or in part from the Islamic Republic of Iran; 18 |
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| 140 | 140 | | (2) is a subsidiary, successor, or alias of a for-19 |
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| 141 | 141 | | eign person described in paragraph (1); 20 |
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| 142 | 142 | | (3)(A) directly or indirectly owns or controls a 21 |
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| 143 | 143 | | 50 percent or greater interest in or is owned or con-22 |
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| 144 | 144 | | trolled by a 50 percent or greater interest of a for-23 |
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| 145 | 145 | | eign person or foreign persons subject to sanctions 24 |
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| 146 | 146 | | pursuant to paragraph (1) or (2); and 25 |
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| 149 | 149 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 150 | 150 | | (B) directly or indirectly conducts a significant 1 |
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| 151 | 151 | | transaction with, for, or on behalf of a foreign per-2 |
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| 152 | 152 | | son described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of section 3 |
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| 153 | 153 | | 3(b) of the Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum Act 4 |
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| 154 | 154 | | (22 U.S.C. 8572); 5 |
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| 155 | 155 | | (4) the President determines is a corporate offi-6 |
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| 156 | 156 | | cer of a foreign person described paragraph (1), (2), 7 |
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| 157 | 157 | | or (3); or 8 |
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| 158 | 158 | | (5) is an immediate family member of a foreign 9 |
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| 159 | 159 | | person described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3). 10 |
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| 160 | 160 | | (b) S |
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| 161 | 161 | | ANCTIONSDESCRIBED.—The sanctions de-11 |
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| 162 | 162 | | scribed in this subsection are the following: 12 |
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| 163 | 163 | | (1) B |
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| 164 | 164 | | LOCKING OF PROPERTY .—The President 13 |
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| 165 | 165 | | shall, pursuant to the International Emergency Eco-14 |
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| 166 | 166 | | nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), block 15 |
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| 167 | 167 | | and prohibit all transactions in property and inter-16 |
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| 168 | 168 | | ests in property of a foreign person subject to sanc-17 |
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| 169 | 169 | | tions pursuant to subsection (a)(1) if such property 18 |
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| 170 | 170 | | and interests in property are in the United States, 19 |
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| 171 | 171 | | come within the United States, or are or come with-20 |
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| 172 | 172 | | in the possession or control of a United States per-21 |
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| 173 | 173 | | son. 22 |
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| 174 | 174 | | (2) A |
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| 175 | 175 | | LIENS INADMISSIBLE FOR VISAS , ADMIS-23 |
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| 176 | 176 | | SION, OR PAROLE.— 24 |
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| 179 | 179 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 180 | 180 | | (A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—In 1 |
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| 181 | 181 | | the case of an alien subject to sanctions pursu-2 |
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| 182 | 182 | | ant to subsection (a), the alien is— 3 |
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| 183 | 183 | | (i) inadmissible to the United States; 4 |
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| 184 | 184 | | (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 5 |
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| 185 | 185 | | documentation to enter the United States; 6 |
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| 186 | 186 | | and 7 |
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| 187 | 187 | | (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 8 |
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| 188 | 188 | | or paroled into the United States or to re-9 |
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| 189 | 189 | | ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-10 |
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| 190 | 190 | | tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 11 |
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| 191 | 191 | | seq.). 12 |
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| 192 | 192 | | (B) C |
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| 193 | 193 | | URRENT VISAS REVOKED .— 13 |
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| 194 | 194 | | (i) I |
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| 195 | 195 | | N GENERAL.—The visa or other 14 |
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| 196 | 196 | | entry documentation of an alien described 15 |
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| 197 | 197 | | in subparagraph (A) shall be revoked, re-16 |
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| 198 | 198 | | gardless of when such visa or other entry 17 |
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| 199 | 199 | | documentation was issued. 18 |
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| 200 | 200 | | (ii) I |
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| 201 | 201 | | MMEDIATE EFFECT .—A revoca-19 |
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| 202 | 202 | | tion under clause (i) shall— 20 |
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| 203 | 203 | | (I) take effect immediately; and 21 |
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| 204 | 204 | | (II) automatically cancel any 22 |
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| 205 | 205 | | other valid visa or entry documenta-23 |
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| 206 | 206 | | tion that is in the alien’s possession. 24 |
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| 207 | 207 | | (c) E |
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| 208 | 208 | | XCEPTIONS.— 25 |
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| 211 | 211 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 212 | 212 | | (1) EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 1 |
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| 213 | 213 | | GOODS.— 2 |
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| 214 | 214 | | (A) I |
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| 215 | 215 | | N GENERAL.—The requirement to im-3 |
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| 216 | 216 | | pose sanctions under this section shall not in-4 |
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| 217 | 217 | | clude the authority or a requirement to impose 5 |
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| 218 | 218 | | sanctions on the importation of goods. 6 |
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| 219 | 219 | | (B) G |
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| 220 | 220 | | OOD DEFINED.—In this paragraph, 7 |
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| 221 | 221 | | the term ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or 8 |
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| 222 | 222 | | manmade substance, material, supply, or manu-9 |
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| 223 | 223 | | factured product, including inspection and test 10 |
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| 224 | 224 | | equipment, and excluding technical data. 11 |
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| 225 | 225 | | (2) E |
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| 226 | 226 | | XCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH INTER -12 |
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| 227 | 227 | | NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT 13 |
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| 228 | 228 | | ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions under subsection (b)(2) 14 |
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| 229 | 229 | | shall not apply with respect to an alien if admitting 15 |
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| 230 | 230 | | or paroling the alien into the United States is nec-16 |
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| 231 | 231 | | essary— 17 |
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| 232 | 232 | | (A) to permit the United States to comply 18 |
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| 233 | 233 | | with the Agreement regarding the Head-19 |
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| 234 | 234 | | quarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake 20 |
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| 235 | 235 | | Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 21 |
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| 236 | 236 | | November 21, 1947, between the United Na-22 |
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| 237 | 237 | | tions and the United States, or other applicable 23 |
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| 238 | 238 | | international obligations; or 24 |
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| 242 | 242 | | (B) to carry out or assist authorized law 1 |
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| 243 | 243 | | enforcement activity in the United States. 2 |
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| 244 | 244 | | (d) W |
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| 245 | 245 | | AIVER.— 3 |
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| 246 | 246 | | (1) I |
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| 247 | 247 | | N GENERAL.—The President may, on a 4 |
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| 248 | 248 | | case-by-case basis for a period of not more than 180 5 |
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| 249 | 249 | | days, waive the application of sanctions imposed 6 |
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| 250 | 250 | | with respect to a foreign person under this section 7 |
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| 251 | 251 | | if the President— 8 |
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| 252 | 252 | | (A) certifies to the appropriate congres-9 |
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| 253 | 253 | | sional committees that the waiver is vital to the 10 |
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| 254 | 254 | | national interests of the United States; and 11 |
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| 255 | 255 | | (B) submits with the certification required 12 |
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| 256 | 256 | | under subparagraph (A) a detailed justification 13 |
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| 257 | 257 | | explaining the reasons for the waiver. 14 |
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| 258 | 258 | | (2) R |
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| 259 | 259 | | ENEWAL OF WAIVER .—The President 15 |
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| 260 | 260 | | may, on a case-by-case basis, renew a waiver issued 16 |
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| 261 | 261 | | under paragraph (1) for additional periods of not 17 |
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| 262 | 262 | | more than 180 days each up to a total of 2 years 18 |
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| 263 | 263 | | if the President— 19 |
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| 264 | 264 | | (A) determines that the renewal of the 20 |
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| 265 | 265 | | waiver is vital to the national interests of the 21 |
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| 266 | 266 | | United States; and 22 |
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| 267 | 267 | | (B) not less than 15 days before the waiv-23 |
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| 268 | 268 | | er expires, submits to the appropriate congres-24 |
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| 271 | 271 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 272 | 272 | | sional committees a report on the renewal of 1 |
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| 273 | 273 | | the waiver that includes— 2 |
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| 274 | 274 | | (i) a justification for the renewal of 3 |
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| 275 | 275 | | the waiver; and 4 |
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| 276 | 276 | | (ii) a detailed plan to phase out the 5 |
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| 277 | 277 | | need for any such waiver issued with re-6 |
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| 278 | 278 | | spect to such foreign person. 7 |
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| 279 | 279 | | (3) T |
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| 280 | 280 | | ERMINATION OF WAIVER AUTHORITY .— 8 |
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| 281 | 281 | | The authority to issue a waiver under this sub-9 |
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| 282 | 282 | | section shall terminate on February 1, 2029. 10 |
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| 283 | 283 | | (e) I |
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| 284 | 284 | | MPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES.— 11 |
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| 285 | 285 | | (1) I |
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| 286 | 286 | | MPLEMENTATION.—The President may ex-12 |
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| 287 | 287 | | ercise all authorities provided under sections 203 13 |
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| 288 | 288 | | and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 14 |
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| 289 | 289 | | Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out 15 |
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| 290 | 290 | | subsection (b)(1). 16 |
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| 291 | 291 | | (2) P |
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| 292 | 292 | | ENALTIES.—A person that violates, at-17 |
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| 293 | 293 | | tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 18 |
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| 294 | 294 | | violation of subsection (b)(1) or any regulation, li-19 |
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| 295 | 295 | | cense, or order issued to carry out that subsection 20 |
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| 296 | 296 | | shall be subject to the penalties set forth in sub-21 |
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| 297 | 297 | | sections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the Inter-22 |
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| 298 | 298 | | national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 23 |
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| 299 | 299 | | U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that 24 |
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| 303 | 303 | | commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) 1 |
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| 304 | 304 | | of that section. 2 |
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| 305 | 305 | | (f) R |
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| 306 | 306 | | ULE OFCONSTRUCTION.—Section 4(a)(3)(A) 3 |
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| 307 | 307 | | shall be construed to be consistent with Frequently Asked 4 |
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| 308 | 308 | | Questions 398 through 402, published by the Office of 5 |
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| 309 | 309 | | Foreign Assets Control on August 11, 2020, and August 6 |
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| 310 | 310 | | 13, 2014, or any successors to such frequently asked ques-7 |
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| 311 | 311 | | tions. 8 |
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| 312 | 312 | | SEC. 5. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP ON IRANIAN SANC-9 |
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| 313 | 313 | | TIONS. 10 |
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| 314 | 314 | | (a) E |
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| 315 | 315 | | STABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days after 11 |
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| 316 | 316 | | the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 12 |
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| 317 | 317 | | State shall establish a working group to be known as the 13 |
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| 318 | 318 | | ‘‘Interagency Working Group on Iranian Sanctions’’ (re-14 |
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| 319 | 319 | | ferred to in this section as the ‘‘Working Group’’). 15 |
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| 320 | 320 | | (b) M |
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| 321 | 321 | | EMBERSHIP.—The Working Group shall be 16 |
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| 322 | 322 | | composed one or more representatives from each of the 17 |
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| 323 | 323 | | following: 18 |
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| 324 | 324 | | (1) The Department of State. 19 |
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| 325 | 325 | | (2) The Department of the Treasury. 20 |
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| 326 | 326 | | (3) The Department of Justice. 21 |
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| 327 | 327 | | (4) Such other Federal departments or agencies 22 |
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| 328 | 328 | | as the Secretary of State determines appropriate. 23 |
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| 329 | 329 | | (c) C |
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| 330 | 330 | | HAIR.—The President shall designate a Chair 24 |
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| 331 | 331 | | of the Working Group. 25 |
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| 334 | 334 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 335 | 335 | | (d) MULTILATERALCONTACTGROUP.— 1 |
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| 336 | 336 | | (1) E |
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| 337 | 337 | | STABLISHMENT.—The Working Group 2 |
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| 338 | 338 | | shall endeavor to establish a multilateral contact 3 |
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| 339 | 339 | | group with like-minded nations to coordinate inter-4 |
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| 340 | 340 | | national efforts to enforce sanctions imposed with 5 |
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| 341 | 341 | | respect to the Islamic Republic of Iran. 6 |
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| 342 | 342 | | (2) D |
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| 343 | 343 | | UTIES.—The multilateral contact group 7 |
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| 344 | 344 | | shall— 8 |
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| 345 | 345 | | (A) share information on evolving sanc-9 |
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| 346 | 346 | | tions frameworks to identify areas of difference 10 |
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| 347 | 347 | | or enforcement gaps; 11 |
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| 348 | 348 | | (B) share information on newly-designated 12 |
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| 349 | 349 | | entities, 13 |
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| 350 | 350 | | (C) raise awareness of new sanctions eva-14 |
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| 351 | 351 | | sion practices; and 15 |
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| 352 | 352 | | (D) coordinate on new measures to curb 16 |
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| 353 | 353 | | Iranian malign activity, including uranium en-17 |
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| 354 | 354 | | richment activities, ballistic missile production, 18 |
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| 355 | 355 | | and support for terrorism. 19 |
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| 356 | 356 | | SEC. 6. PRIVATE SECTOR REPORTING ON PERSONS EN-20 |
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| 357 | 357 | | GAGED IN SANCTIONABLE ACTIVITIES OR 21 |
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| 358 | 358 | | SANCTIONS EVASION. 22 |
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| 359 | 359 | | Section 36(b) of the State Department Basic Au-23 |
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| 360 | 360 | | thorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2708(b)) is amended— 24 |
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| 361 | 361 | | VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:34 Mar 07, 2025 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S556.IS S556 |
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| 362 | 362 | | ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS 13 |
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| 363 | 363 | | •S 556 IS |
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| 364 | 364 | | (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ‘‘; or’’ and 1 |
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| 365 | 365 | | inserting a semicolon; 2 |
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| 366 | 366 | | (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at 3 |
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| 367 | 367 | | the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 4 |
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| 368 | 368 | | (3) by adding at the end the following para-5 |
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| 369 | 369 | | graph: 6 |
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| 370 | 370 | | ‘‘(15) the identification a person described in 7 |
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| 371 | 371 | | section 4(a) of the Enhanced Iran Sanctions Act of 8 |
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| 372 | 372 | | 2025 or any person that has attempted or is at-9 |
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| 373 | 373 | | tempting to evade sanctions imposed under such Act 10 |
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| 374 | 374 | | with proceeds generated by the sale of intercepted 11 |
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| 375 | 375 | | oil, gas, liquefied natural gas, petrochemical prod-12 |
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| 376 | 376 | | ucts, or related products from the Islamic Republic 13 |
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| 377 | 377 | | of Iran.’’. 14 |
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| 378 | 378 | | Æ |
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| 380 | 380 | | ssavage on LAPJG3WLY3PROD with BILLS |
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