II
119THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION S. 664
To replace the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases with
3 separate national research institutes.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
FEBRUARY20, 2025
Mr. P
AUL(for himself and Mr. TUBERVILLE) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Edu-
cation, Labor, and Pensions
A BILL
To replace the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases with 3 separate national research institutes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘NIH Reform Act’’. 4
SEC. 2. DIVISION OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY 5
AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 6
(a) O
RGANIZATION OFNATIONALRESEARCHINSTI-7
TUTES.—Section 401 of the Public Health Service Act (42 8
U.S.C. 281) is amended— 9
(1) in subsection (b)— 10
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(A) in paragraph (6), by striking ‘‘Allergy 1
and Infectious Diseases’’ and inserting ‘‘Aller-2
gic Diseases’’; 3
(B) by redesignating paragraph (25) as 4
paragraph (27); and 5
(C) by inserting after paragraph (24) the 6
following: 7
‘‘(25) The National Institute of Infectious Dis-8
eases. 9
‘‘(26) The National Institute of Immunologic 10
Diseases.’’; and 11
(2) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ‘‘27’’ and 12
inserting ‘‘29’’. 13
(b) A
PPOINTMENT OFDIRECTORS.— 14
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Section 405(a)(1) of the 15
Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 284(a)(1)) is 16
amended— 17
(A) by inserting ‘‘, the Director of the Na-18
tional Institute of Allergic Diseases, the Direc-19
tor of the National Institute of Infectious Dis-20
eases, and the Director of the National Insti-21
tute of Immunologic Diseases’’ after ‘‘National 22
Cancer Institute’’; and 23
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(B) by inserting ‘‘by and with the advice 1
and consent of the Senate,’’ after ‘‘the Presi-2
dent,’’. 3
(2) T
ERMS.—Section 405(a) of the Public 4
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 284(a)) is amended 5
by adding at the end the following: 6
‘‘(4) C
ERTAIN APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRESI -7
DENT.—The appointments by the President of the 8
Director of the National Institute of Allergic Dis-9
eases, the Director of the National Institute of In-10
fectious Diseases, and the Director of the National 11
Institute of Immunologic Diseases shall be for terms 12
of 5 years. Each such Director may be reappointed 13
for not more than 1 additional term, in accordance 14
paragraph (1).’’. 15
(3) T
RANSITION.—Effective on the date of en-16
actment of this Act, the position of Director of the 17
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 18
is terminated, and the National Institute of Allergic 19
Diseases, the National Institute of Infectious Dis-20
eases, and the National Institute of Immunologic 21
Diseases shall be overseen by the Director of the 22
National Institutes of Health until such time as the 23
directors of each such national institutes is ap-24
pointed pursuant to section 405(a)(1) of the Public 25
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Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 284(a)(1)), as 1
amended by paragraph (1). 2
(c) D
UTIES OF THENATIONALINSTITUTES.— 3
(1) N
ATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGIC DIS -4
EASES.—Subpart 6 of part C of title IV of the Pub-5
lic Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285f et seq.) is 6
amended— 7
(A) in the subpart heading, by striking 8
‘‘Allergy and Infectious Diseases’’ and 9
inserting ‘‘Allergic Diseases’’; and 10
(B) in section 446— 11
(i) by striking ‘‘Allergy and Infectious 12
Diseases’’ and inserting ‘‘Allergic Dis-13
eases’’; and 14
(ii) by striking ‘‘allergic and 15
immunologic diseases and disorders and in-16
fectious diseases, including tropical dis-17
eases’’ and inserting ‘‘allergic diseases and 18
disorders’’. 19
(2) N
ATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DIS -20
EASES.— 21
(A) I
N GENERAL.—Part C of title IV of 22
the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285 23
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 24
following: 25
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‘‘Subpart 21—National Institute of Infectious 1
Diseases 2
‘‘SEC. 464z–10. PURPOSE OF THE INSTITUTE. 3
‘‘The general purpose of the National Institute of In-4
fectious Diseases is the conduct and support of research, 5
training, health information dissemination, and other pro-6
grams with respect to infectious diseases, including trop-7
ical diseases.’’. 8
(B) T
RANSFER OF AUTHORITIES .—Sec-9
tions 447A and 447B of the Public Health 10
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285f–2; 285f–3) are— 11
(i) redesignated as sections 464z–11 12
and 464z–12, respectively; and 13
(ii) transferred to appear after section 14
464z–10 of such Act, as added by subpara-15
graph (A). 16
(C) O
RDERLY TRANSITION.—The Director 17
of the National Institutes of Health shall take 18
such steps as are necessary to provide for the 19
orderly transition to the authority of the Na-20
tional Institute of Infectious Diseases estab-21
lished under section 464z–10 of the Public 22
Health Service Act, as added by subparagraph 23
(A), from any authority related to infectious 24
diseases of the National Institute of Allergy and 25
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Infectious Diseases, as in effect on the day be-1
fore the date of enactment of this Act. 2
(3) N
ATIONAL INSTITUTE OF IMMUNOLOGIC 3
DISEASES.— 4
(A) I
N GENERAL.—Part C of title IV of 5
the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285 6
et seq.), as amended by paragraph (2), is fur-7
ther amended by adding at the end the fol-8
lowing: 9
‘‘Subpart 22—National Institute of Immunologic 10
Diseases 11
‘‘SEC. 464z–15. PURPOSE OF THE INSTITUTE. 12
‘‘The general purpose of the National Institute of 13
Immunologic Diseases is the conduct and support of re-14
search, training, health information dissemination, and 15
other programs with respect to immunologic diseases and 16
disorders.’’. 17
(B) T
RANSFER OF AUTHORITIES .—Sec-18
tions 447 and 447C of the Public Health Serv-19
ice Act (42 U.S.C. 285f–1; 285f–4) are— 20
(i) redesignated as sections 464z–16 21
and 464z–17, respectively; and 22
(ii) transferred to appear after section 23
464z–15 of such Act, as added by subpara-24
graph (A). 25
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(C) ORDERLY TRANSITION.—The Director 1
of the National Institutes of Health shall take 2
such steps as are necessary to provide for the 3
orderly transition to the authority of the Na-4
tional Institute of Immunologic Diseases estab-5
lished under section 464z–15 of the Public 6
Health Service Act, as added by subparagraph 7
(A), from any authority related to immunologic 8
diseases and disorders of the National Institute 9
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, as in effect 10
on the day before the date of enactment of this 11
Act. 12
(d) C
ONFORMINGAMENDMENTS.— 13
(1) Section 404B of the Public Health Service 14
Act (42 U.S.C. 283d) is amended by striking ‘‘Na-15
tional Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases’’ 16
and inserting ‘‘National Institute for Infectious Dis-17
eases’’. 18
(2) Section 404I of the Public Health Service 19
Act (42 U.S.C. 283k) is amended— 20
(A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘or 21
the Director of the National Institute for Al-22
lergy and Infectious Diseases’’; and 23
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(B by striking ‘‘or the National Institute 1
for Allergy and Infectious Diseases’’ each place 2
it appears. 3
(3) Section 442A(a) of the Public Health Serv-4
ice Act (42 U.S.C. 285d–8(a)) is amended by strik-5
ing ‘‘Allergy and Infectious Diseases’’ and inserting 6
‘‘Immunologic Diseases’’. 7
(e) R
EFERENCES INLAW.—Any reference in any law 8
(including a regulation), guidance, map, document, record, 9
or other paper of the United States to the National Insti-10
tute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, including with re-11
spect to the Director of such Institute, shall be deemed 12
to be a reference to, as applicable, the National Institute 13
of Allergic Diseases, the National Institute of Infectious 14
Diseases, or the National Institute of Immunologic Dis-15
eases, including with respect to the Directors of such In-16
stitutes. 17
Æ
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