II
119THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION S. 868
To support democracy and the rule of law in Georgia, and for other purposes.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
MARCH5, 2025
Mrs. S
HAHEEN(for herself and Mr. RISCH) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
A BILL
To support democracy and the rule of law in Georgia, and
for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES. 3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Mobilizing and En-4
hancing Georgia’s Options for Building Accountability, 5
Resilience, and Independence Act’’ or the ‘‘MEGOBARI 6
Act’’. 7
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 8
In this Act: 9
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(1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT -1
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-2
mittees’’ means— 3
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 4
the Senate; 5
(B) the Committee on Appropriations of 6
the Senate; 7
(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 8
the House of Representatives; and 9
(D) the Committee on Appropriations of 10
the House of Representatives. 11
(2) NATO.—The term ‘‘NATO’’ means the 12
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 13
(3) S
ECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 14
the Secretary of State. 15
SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 16
It is the sense of Congress that— 17
(1) the progress made by the people of Georgia 18
in forging an innovative and productive society since 19
the country’s independence from the Soviet Union 20
should be applauded; 21
(2) the consolidation of democracy in Georgia is 22
critical for regional stability and United States na-23
tional interests; 24
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(3) Georgia has seen significant democratic 1
backsliding in recent years, as evidenced by numer-2
ous independent assessments and measures; 3
(4) the current Georgian government is increas-4
ingly hostile towards independent domestic civil soci-5
ety and its chief Euro-Atlantic partners while in-6
creasingly embracing enhanced ties with the Russian 7
Federation, the People’s Republic of China, and 8
other anti-Western authoritarian regimes; 9
(5) the United States has an interest in pro-10
tecting and securing democracy in Georgia; and 11
(6) the Secretary should suspend the United 12
States-Georgia Strategic Partnership Commission, 13
established through the United States-Georgia Char-14
ter on Strategic Partnership on January 9, 2009, 15
until after the Government of Georgia takes meas-16
ures— 17
(A) to represent the democratic wishes of 18
the citizens of Georgia; and 19
(B) to uphold its constitutional obligation 20
to advance the country towards membership in 21
the European Union and NATO. 22
SEC. 4. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 23
It is the policy of the United States— 24
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(1) to support the constitutionally stated aspi-1
rations of Georgia to become a member of the Euro-2
pean Union and NATO, which is made clear under 3
Article 78 of the Constitution of Georgia and is sup-4
ported by the overwhelming majority of the citizens 5
of Georgia; 6
(2) to continue supporting the capacity of the 7
Government of Georgia to protect its sovereignty 8
and territorial integrity from further Russian ag-9
gression or encroachment within its internationally 10
recognized borders; 11
(3) to call on all political parties and elected 12
Members of the Parliament of Georgia to continue 13
working on addressing the reform plan outlined by 14
the European Commission to resume Georgia’s re-15
cently granted candidate status through an inclusive 16
and transparent consultation process that involves 17
opposition parties and civil society organizations, 18
which the people of Georgia have freely elected to 19
pursue; 20
(4) to reevaluate its relationship with the Gov-21
ernment of Georgia and review all forms of foreign 22
and security assistance made available to the Gov-23
ernment if it takes the required steps— 24
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(A) to reorient itself toward its European 1
Union accession agenda; and 2
(B) to advance policy or legislation reflect-3
ing the express wishes of the Georgian people; 4
(5) to emphasize the importance of contributing 5
to international efforts— 6
(A) to combat Russian aggression, includ-7
ing through sanctions on trade with Russia and 8
the implementation and enforcement of world-9
wide sanctions on Russia; and 10
(B) to reduce, rather than increase, trade 11
ties between Georgia and Russia; 12
(6) to continue supporting the ongoing develop-13
ment of democratic values in Georgia, including free 14
and fair elections, freedom of association, an inde-15
pendent and accountable judiciary, an independent 16
media, public-sector transparency and accountability, 17
the rule of law, countering malign influence, and 18
anti-corruption efforts and to impose swift con-19
sequences on individuals who are directly responsible 20
for leading or have directly and knowingly engaged 21
in leading actions of policies that significantly un-22
dermine those standards; 23
(7) to continue to support the Georgian people 24
and civil society organizations that reflect the aspi-25
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rations of the Georgian people for democracy and a 1
future with the people of Europe; 2
(8) to continue supporting the right of the 3
Georgian people to freely engage in peaceful protest, 4
determine their future, and make independent and 5
sovereign choices on foreign and security policy, in-6
cluding regarding Georgia’s relationship with other 7
countries and international organizations, without 8
interference, intimidation, or coercion by other coun-9
tries or those acting on their behalf; 10
(9) to call on all political parties, elected Mem-11
bers of the Parliament of Georgia, and officers of 12
the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia to respect 13
the freedoms of peaceful assembly, association, and 14
expression, including for the press, and the rule of 15
law, and encourage a vibrant and inclusive civil soci-16
ety; 17
(10) to call on the Government of Georgia to 18
release all persons detained or imprisoned on politi-19
cally motivated grounds and drop any pending 20
charges against them; 21
(11) to call on the Government of Georgia to 22
thoroughly investigate all allegations emerging from 23
the recent national elections, which took place on 24
October 2024, make a determination whether the 25
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elections should be judged as illegitimate and hold 1
those responsible for interference in the elections; 2
and 3
(12) to continue impressing upon the Govern-4
ment of Georgia that the United States is committed 5
to sustaining and deepening bilateral relations and 6
supporting Georgia’s Euro-Atlantic aspirations. 7
SEC. 5. REPORTS AND BRIEFINGS. 8
(a) R
EPORT ONRUSSIANINTELLIGENCEASSETS IN 9
G
EORGIA.— 10
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 11
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec-12
retary of State, in coordination with the Director of 13
National Intelligence and the Secretary of Defense, 14
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con-15
gress a classified report, prepared consistent with 16
the protection of sources and methods, examining 17
the penetration of Russian intelligence elements and 18
their assets in Georgia, that includes an annex ex-19
amining Chinese influence and the potential inter-20
section of Russian-Chinese cooperation in Georgia. 21
(2) A
PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -22
GRESS.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate com-23
mittees of Congress’’ means— 24
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(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 1
the Senate; 2
(B) the Select Committee on Intelligence 3
of the Senate; 4
(C) the Committee on Armed Services of 5
the Senate; 6
(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 7
the House of Representatives; 8
(E) the Permanent Select Committee on 9
Intelligence of the House of Representatives; 10
and 11
(F) the Committee on Armed Services of 12
the House of Representatives. 13
(b) 5-Y
EARUNITEDSTATESSTRATEGY FORBILAT-14
ERALRELATIONSWITHGEORGIA.— 15
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 16
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 17
and the Administrator of the United States Agency 18
for International Development, in coordination with 19
the heads of other relevant Federal departments and 20
agencies, shall submit to the appropriate committees 21
of Congress a detailed strategy that— 22
(A) outlines specific objectives for enhanc-23
ing bilateral ties which reflect the current do-24
mestic political environment in Georgia; 25
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(B) includes a determination of the tools, 1
resources, and funding that should be available 2
to achieve the objectives outlined pursuant to 3
subparagraph (A) and an assessment whether 4
Georgia should remain the second-highest re-5
cipient of United States funding in the Europe 6
and Eurasia region; 7
(C) includes a determination of the extent 8
to which the United States should continue to 9
invest in its partnership with Georgia; 10
(D) includes a plan for how the United 11
States can continue to support civil society and 12
independent media organizations in Georgia; 13
and 14
(E) includes a determination whether the 15
Government of Georgia remains committed to 16
expanding trade ties with the United States and 17
Europe and whether the United States Govern-18
ment should continue to invest in Georgian 19
projects. 20
(2) F
ORM.—The report required by paragraph 21
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, with a 22
classified annex. 23
SEC. 6. SANCTIONS. 24
(a) D
EFINITIONS.—In this section: 25
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(1) ADMISSION; ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms 1
‘‘admission’’, ‘‘admitted’’, and ‘‘alien’’ have the 2
meanings given such terms in section 101 of the Im-3
migration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101). 4
(2) A
PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -5
GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-6
gress’’ means— 7
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 8
the Senate; 9
(B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 10
and Urban Affairs of the Senate; 11
(C) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 12
Senate; 13
(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 14
the House of Representatives; 15
(E) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 16
House of Representatives; and 17
(F) the Committee on Financial Services 18
of the House of Representatives. 19
(3) F
OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-20
son’’ means any individual or entity that is not a 21
United States person. 22
(4) I
MMEDIATE FAMILY MEMBERS .—The term 23
‘‘immediate family members’’ has the meaning given 24
the term ‘‘immediate relatives’’ in section 25
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201(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Immigration and Nationality 1
Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(b)(2)(A)(i)). 2
(5) K
NOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’, with 3
respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 4
means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 5
have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 6
result. 7
(6) U
NITES STATES PERSON .—The term 8
‘‘United States person’’ means— 9
(A) a United States citizen or an alien law-10
fully admitted for permanent residence to the 11
United States; 12
(B) an entity organized under the laws of 13
the United States or any jurisdiction within the 14
United States, including a foreign branch of 15
such an entity; or 16
(C) any person within the United States. 17
(b) I
NADMISSIBILITY OF OFFICIALS OFGOVERN-18
MENT OFGEORGIA ANDCERTAINOTHERINDIVIDUALS 19
I
NVOLVED IN BLOCKINGEURO-ATLANTICINTEGRA-20
TION.— 21
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 22
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 23
shall determine whether each of the following foreign 24
persons has knowingly engaged in significant acts of 25
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corruption, or acts of violence or intimidation in re-1
lation to the blocking of Euro-Atlantic integration in 2
Georgia: 3
(A) Any individual who, on or after Janu-4
ary 1, 2014, has served as a member of the 5
Parliament of the Government of Georgia or as 6
a current or former senior official of a Georgian 7
political party. 8
(B) Any individual who is serving as an of-9
ficial in a leadership position working on behalf 10
of the Government of Georgia, including law en-11
forcement, intelligence, judicial, or local or mu-12
nicipal government. 13
(C) An immediate family member of an of-14
ficial described in subparagraph (A) or a person 15
described in subparagraph (B) who benefitted 16
from the conduct of such official or person. 17
(2) S
ANCTIONS.—The President shall impose 18
the sanctions described in subsection (d)(2) with re-19
spect to each foreign person with respect to which 20
the President has made an affirmative decision 21
under paragraph (1). 22
(3) B
RIEFING.—Not later than 90 days after 23
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 24
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shall brief the appropriate committees of Congress 1
with respect to— 2
(A) any foreign person with respect to 3
which the President has made an affirmative 4
determination under paragraph (1); and 5
(B) the specific facts that justify each such 6
affirmative determination. 7
(4) W
AIVER.—The President may waive imposi-8
tion of sanctions under this subsection on a case-by- 9
case basis if the President determines and reports to 10
the appropriate committees of Congress that— 11
(A) such waiver would serve national secu-12
rity interests; or 13
(B) the circumstances which caused the in-14
dividual to be ineligible have sufficiently 15
changed. 16
(c) I
MPOSITION OFSANCTIONSWITHRESPECT TO 17
U
NDERMINING PEACE, SECURITY, STABILITY, SOV-18
EREIGNTY ORTERRITORIALINTEGRITY OFGEORGIA.— 19
(1) I
N GENERAL.—The President may impose 20
the sanctions described in subsection (d)(1) and 21
shall impose the sanctions described in subsection 22
(d)(2) with respect to each foreign person the Presi-23
dent determines, on or after the date of the enact-24
ment of this Act— 25
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(A) is responsible for, complicit in, or has 1
directly or indirectly engaged in or attempted to 2
engage in, actions or policies, including order-3
ing, controlling, or otherwise directing acts that 4
are intended to undermine the peace, security, 5
stability, sovereignty, or territorial integrity of 6
Georgia; 7
(B) is or has been a leader or official of an 8
entity that has, or whose members have, en-9
gaged in any activity described in subparagraph 10
(A); or 11
(C) is an immediate family member of a 12
person subject to sanctions for conduct de-13
scribed in subparagraph (A) or (B) and bene-14
fitted from the conduct of such person. 15
(2) B
RIEF AND WRITTEN NOTIFICATION .—Not 16
later than 10 days after imposing sanctions on a for-17
eign person or persons pursuant to this subsection, 18
the President shall brief and provide written notifi-19
cation to the appropriate committees of Congress re-20
garding the imposition of such sanctions, which shall 21
describe— 22
(A) the foreign person or persons subject 23
to the imposition of such sanctions; 24
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(B) the activity justifying the imposition of 1
such sanctions; and 2
(C) the specific sanctions imposed on such 3
foreign person or persons. 4
(3) W
AIVER.—The President may waive the ap-5
plication of sanctions under this subsection with re-6
spect to a foreign person for renewable periods not 7
to exceed 180 days if, not later than 15 days before 8
the date on which such waiver is to take effect, the 9
President submits to the appropriate committees of 10
Congress a written determination and justification 11
that the waiver is in the national security interests 12
of the United States. 13
(d) S
ANCTIONSDESCRIBED.—The sanctions de-14
scribed in this subsection are the following with respect 15
to a foreign person described in subsection (b) or (c), as 16
applicable: 17
(1) B
LOCKING OF PROPERTY .—Notwith-18
standing the requirements under section 202 of the 19
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 20
U.S.C. 1701), the President shall exercise all au-21
thorities granted under the International Emergency 22
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to 23
the extent necessary to block and prohibit all trans-24
actions in property and interests in property of the 25
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foreign person if such property and interests in 1
property are in the United States, come within the 2
United States, or are or come within the possession 3
or control of a United States person. 4
(2) I
NELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, OR 5
PAROLE.— 6
(A) V
ISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—A 7
foreign person that is an alien shall be— 8
(i) inadmissible to the United States; 9
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 10
documentation to enter the United States; 11
and 12
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 13
or paroled into the United States or to re-14
ceive any other benefit under the Immigra-15
tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 16
seq.). 17
(B) C
URRENT VISAS REVOKED .—The for-18
eign person shall be subject to the following: 19
(i) Revocation of any visa or other 20
entry documentation regardless of when 21
the visa or other entry documentation is or 22
was issued. 23
(ii) A revocation under clause (i) shall 24
take effect immediately and automatically 25
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cancel any other valid visa or entry docu-1
mentation that is in the foreign person’s 2
possession. 3
(e) I
MPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES.— 4
(1) I
MPLEMENTATION.—The President may ex-5
ercise all authorities provided under sections 203 6
and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 7
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out 8
this section. 9
(2) P
ENALTIES.—A person that violates, at-10
tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 11
violation of subsection (d)(2)(A) or any regulation, 12
license, or order issued under that subsection shall 13
be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections 14
(b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Eco-15
nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same ex-16
tent as a person that commits an unlawful act de-17
scribed in subsection (a) of that section. 18
(3) R
ULE OF CONSTRUCTION .—Nothing in this 19
Act, or any amendment made by this Act, may be 20
construed to limit the authority of the President to 21
designate or sanction persons pursuant to an appli-22
cable Executive order or otherwise pursuant to the 23
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 24
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.). 25
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(f) RULEMAKING.— 1
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 2
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 3
President shall prescribe such regulations as are 4
necessary for the implementation of this section. 5
(2) N
OTIFICATION TO CONGRESS .—Not later 6
than 10 days before prescribing regulations pursu-7
ant to paragraph (1), the President shall notify the 8
appropriate committees of Congress of the proposed 9
regulations and the provisions of this section that 10
the regulations are implementing. 11
(g) S
ANCTIONSWITHRESPECT TOBROADERCOR-12
RUPTION INGEORGIA.— 13
(1) D
ETERMINATION.—The President shall de-14
termine whether there are foreign persons who, on 15
or after the date of the enactment of this Act, have 16
engaged in significant corruption in Georgia or acts 17
that are intended to undermine the peace, security, 18
stability, sovereignty, or territorial integrity of Geor-19
gia for the purposes of potential imposition of sanc-20
tions pursuant to powers granted to the President 21
under the International Emergency Economic Pow-22
ers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.). 23
(2) R
EPORT.— 24
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(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 1
days after the date of the enactment of this 2
Act, the President shall submit a report to the 3
appropriate committees of Congress that— 4
(i) identifies all foreign persons the 5
President has determined, pursuant to this 6
subsection, have engaged in significant cor-7
ruption in Georgia or committed acts that 8
are intended to undermine the peace, secu-9
rity, stability, sovereignty, or territorial in-10
tegrity of Georgia; 11
(ii) the dates on which sanctions were 12
imposed; and 13
(iii) the reasons for imposing such 14
sanctions. 15
(B) F
ORM.—The report required under 16
subparagraph (A) shall be provided in unclassi-17
fied form, but may include a classified annex. 18
(h) T
ERMINATION OF SANCTIONS.—Any sanctions 19
imposed on a foreign person pursuant to this section shall 20
terminate on the earlier of— 21
(1) the date on which the President certifies to 22
the appropriate committees of Congress that the for-23
eign person is no longer engaging in the activities 24
that led to the imposition of such sanction; or 25
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(2) the sunset date described in section 8. 1
(i) E
XCEPTIONS.— 2
(1) D
EFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 3
(A) A
GRICULTURAL COMMODITY .—The 4
term ‘‘agricultural commodity’’ has the meaning 5
given such term in section 102 of the Agricul-6
tural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602). 7
(B) G
OOD.—The term ‘‘good’’ means any 8
article, natural or man-made substance, mate-9
rial, supply, or manufactured product, including 10
inspection and test equipment and excluding 11
technical data. 12
(C) M
EDICAL DEVICE.—The term ‘‘medical 13
device’’ has the meaning given the term ‘‘de-14
vice’’ in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, 15
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321). 16
(D) M
EDICINE.—The term ‘‘medicine’’ has 17
the meaning given the term ‘‘drug’’ in section 18
201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 19
Act (21 U.S.C. 321). 20
(2) E
XCEPTIONS.— 21
(A) E
XCEPTION RELATING TO INTEL -22
LIGENCE ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions under this 23
section shall not apply to— 24
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(i) any activity subject to the report-1
ing requirements under title V of the Na-2
tional Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3
3091 et seq.); or 4
(ii) any authorized intelligence activi-5
ties of the United States. 6
(B) E
XCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH INTER -7
NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS .—Sanctions under this 8
section shall not apply with respect to a foreign 9
person if admitting or paroling the person into 10
the United States is necessary to permit the 11
United States to comply with the Agreement re-12
garding the Headquarters of the United Na-13
tions, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, 14
and entered into force November 21, 1947, be-15
tween the United Nations and the United 16
States, or other applicable international obliga-17
tions. 18
(C) H
UMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE .—Sanc-19
tions under this section shall not apply to— 20
(i) the conduct or facilitation of a 21
transaction for the provision of agricultural 22
commodities, food, medicine, medical de-23
vices, or humanitarian assistance, or for 24
humanitarian purposes; or 25
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(ii) transactions that are necessary 1
for, or related to, the activities described in 2
paragraph (1). 3
(j) E
XCEPTIONRELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 4
G
OODS.—The requirement to block and prohibit all trans-5
actions in all property and interests in property under this 6
section shall not include the authority or a requirement 7
to impose sanctions on the importation of goods. 8
SEC. 7. ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE WITH RESPECT TO GEOR-9
GIA. 10
(a) I
NGENERAL.—Upon submission to Congress of 11
the certification described in subsection (c)— 12
(1) the Secretary of State, in consultation with 13
other heads of other relevant Federal departments 14
and agencies, should seek to further enhance people- 15
to-people contacts and academic exchanges between 16
the United States and Georgia; and 17
(2) the President, in consultation with the Sec-18
retary of Defense, should maintain, and as appro-19
priate, expand military cooperation with Georgia, in-20
cluding by providing further security and defense 21
equipment ideally suited for territorial defense 22
against Russian aggression and related training, 23
maintenance, and operations support elements. 24
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(b) SENSE OFCONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con-1
gress that, after the submission of the certification de-2
scribed in subsection (c), if the Government of Georgia 3
takes steps to realign itself with its Euro-Atlantic agenda, 4
including significant changes to the foreign influence law, 5
the President should take steps to improve the bilateral 6
relationship between the United States and Georgia, in-7
cluding actions to bolster Georgia’s ability to deter threats 8
from Russia and other malign actors. 9
(c) C
ERTIFICATIONDESCRIBED.—The certification 10
described in this subsection is a certification submitted to 11
Congress by the President that Georgia has shown signifi-12
cant and sustained progress towards reinvigorating its de-13
mocracy and advancing its Euro-Atlantic integration. 14
SEC. 8. SUNSET. 15
This Act shall cease to have any force or effect begin-16
ning on the date that is 5 years after the date of the enact-17
ment of this Act. 18
Æ
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