Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session

Us Congress Senate Bill SB886 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.

Old	New	Differences
1	1	II
2	2	119THCONGRESS
3	3	1
4	4	STSESSION S. 886
5	5	To amend the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 to
6	6	strengthen oversight over foreign investment in the United States agricul-
7	7	tural industry, and for other purposes.
8	8	IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
9	9	MARCH6, 2025
10	10	Ms. E
11	11	RNST(for herself, Ms. SLOTKIN, Mr. FETTERMAN, and Mr. BUDD) in-
12	12	troduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Com-
13	13	mittee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
14	14	A BILL
15	15	To amend the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure
16	16	Act of 1978 to strengthen oversight over foreign invest-
17	17	ment in the United States agricultural industry, and
18	18	for other purposes.
19	19	Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
20	20	tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
21	21	SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3
22	22	This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Foreign Agricultural 4
23	23	Restrictions to Maintain Local Agriculture and National 5
24	24	Defense Act of 2025’’ or the ‘‘FARMLAND Act of 2025’’. 6
25	25	SEC. 2. AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN INVESTMENT. 7
26	26	(a) F
27	27	INDINGS.—Congress finds that— 8
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31	31	(1) agriculture is vital for the national security 1
32	32	and economic prosperity of the United States and is 2
33	33	a key element of United States national power; 3
34	34	(2) agriculture of the United States feeds the 4
35	35	people of the United States and the world, and has 5
36	36	been a key contributor to advancements in tech-6
37	37	nology and medicine; 7
38	38	(3) strategic competitors of the United States 8
39	39	have hegemonic goals to dominate the global agri-9
40	40	culture industry and undermine the United States 10
41	41	agriculture sector through intellectual property theft 11
42	42	of seeds and other patented agriculture-related tech-12
43	43	nologies; 13
44	44	(4) China in particular has increased agricul-14
45	45	tural investments tenfold over the past decade and 15
46	46	continues to make investments in United States ag-16
47	47	riculture, agribusiness, and animal processing indus-17
48	48	tries, including by acquiring ownership of farmland 18
49	49	in the United States; 19
50	50	(5) the United States must prevent agricultural 20
51	51	espionage and theft of intellectual property con-21
52	52	ducted by China and other foreign entities of con-22
53	53	cern (as defined in section 9 of the Agricultural For-23
54	54	eign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 24
55	55	3508)); 25
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59	59	(6) agricultural intellectual property theft may 1
60	60	enable global competitors to undercut United States 2
61	61	producers in international seed markets; 3
62	62	(7) the Federal Government does not fully exer-4
63	63	cise its authorized oversight over investment trans-5
64	64	actions within the agricultural industry, causing— 6
65	65	(A) United States farmland to be under 7
66	66	foreign acquisition; and 8
67	67	(B) the influence of foreign adversaries on 9
68	68	agriculture in the United States to be an un-10
69	69	known risk factor; and 11
70	70	(8) the Federal Government must enforce and 12
71	71	modernize existing laws to monitor and prevent ma-13
72	72	lign actions of foreign entities of concern (as defined 14
73	73	in section 9 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment 15
74	74	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508)) on the 16
75	75	farms and land of the United States. 17
76	76	(b) C
77	77	IVILPENALTIES.—Section 3 of the Agricultural 18
78	78	Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 19
79	79	3502) is amended— 20
80	80	(1) by redesignating subsection (b) as sub-21
81	81	section (d); 22
82	82	(2) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding 23
83	83	paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘(a) If the’’ and all that 24
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87	87	follows through ‘‘Any such civil penalty’’ in the third 1
88	88	sentence and inserting the following: 2
89	89	‘‘(a) I
90	90	NGENERAL.—A person shall be subject to a 3
91	91	civil penalty imposed by the Secretary if the Secretary de-4
92	92	termines that the person— 5
93	93	‘‘(1) has failed to submit a report in accordance 6
94	94	with the provisions of section 2; or 7
95	95	‘‘(2) has knowingly submitted a report under 8
96	96	section 2 that— 9
97	97	‘‘(A) does not contain all the information 10
98	98	required to be in such report; or 11
99	99	‘‘(B) contains information that is mis-12
100	100	leading or false. 13
101	101	‘‘(b) A
102	102	VAILABILITY OFFUNDSFROMCIVILPEN-14
103	103	ALTIES.—A civil penalty collected under subsection (a) 15
104	104	shall be available to the Secretary without appropriation 16
105	105	and remain available until expended for the purpose of en-17
106	106	forcing this Act. 18
107	107	‘‘(c) C
108	108	IVILACTION.—Any civil penalty imposed by 19
109	109	the Secretary under subsection (a)’’; and 20
110	110	(3) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated)— 21
111	111	(A) by striking the subsection designation 22
112	112	and all that follows through ‘‘The amount’’ and 23
113	113	inserting the following: 24
114	114	‘‘(d) A
115	115	MOUNT OFPENALTY.—The amount’’; 25
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119	119	(B) by striking ‘‘of this section’’; and 1
120	120	(C) by striking ‘‘shall not exceed 25 per-2
121	121	cent’’ and inserting ‘‘shall be not less than 5 3
122	122	percent, but not more than 25 percent,’’. 4
123	123	(c) P
124	124	UBLICDISCLOSURE OFNONCOMPLIANT PER-5
125	125	SONS.—Section 3 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment 6
126	126	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3502) (as amended by 7
127	127	subsection (b)) is amended by adding at the end the fol-8
128	128	lowing: 9
129	129	‘‘(e) P
130	130	UBLICDISCLOSURE OFNONCOMPLIANTPER-10
131	131	SONS.—The Secretary shall publicly disclose the name of 11
132	132	each person who paid to the Secretary a civil penalty im-12
133	133	posed under subsection (a), including, if applicable, after 13
134	134	the completion of an appeal of a civil penalty.’’. 14
135	135	(d) P
136	136	UBLICATION OFREPORTINGREQUIREMENTS.— 15
137	137	Section 3 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclo-16
138	138	sure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3502) (as amended by sub-17
139	139	section (c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: 18
140	140	‘‘(f) O
141	141	UTREACH.—Using existing resources and ef-19
142	142	forts to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary 20
143	143	shall carry out a nationwide outreach program directed 21
144	144	primarily towards landlords, owners, operators, persons, 22
145	145	producers, and tenants (as those terms are defined in sec-23
146	146	tion 718.2 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in 24
147	147	effect on the date of enactment of the Foreign Agricul-25
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151	151	tural Restrictions to Maintain Local Agriculture and Na-1
152	152	tional Defense Act of 2025)) of agricultural land and 2
153	153	county property appraiser offices, land appraisal compa-3
154	154	nies, and real estate auction companies to increase public 4
155	155	awareness and provide education regarding the reporting 5
156	156	requirements under this section.’’. 6
157	157	(e) D
158	158	UEDILIGENCEREQUIREMENTS.—The Agricul-7
159	159	tural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 is 8
160	160	amended by inserting after section 4 (7 U.S.C. 3503) the 9
161	161	following: 10
162	162	‘‘SEC. 5. DUE DILIGENCE REQUIREMENTS. 11
163	163	‘‘Any entity (including a buyer, seller, real estate 12
164	164	agent, broker, and title company) involved in the purchase 13
165	165	or transfer of agricultural land in the United States 14
166	166	shall— 15
167	167	‘‘(1) conduct due diligence relating to the agri-16
168	168	culture land being purchased or transferred; and 17
169	169	‘‘(2) certify to the Secretary that, to the best of 18
170	170	the knowledge and belief of the entity, the entity is 19
171	171	in compliance with all applicable provisions of this 20
172	172	Act.’’. 21
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176	176	SEC. 3. REPORT ON AGRICULTURAL LAND PURCHASING 1
177	177	ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES BY COUN-2
178	178	TRIES DESIGNATED AS STATE SPONSORS OF 3
179	179	TERRORISM AND CERTAIN OTHER COUN-4
180	180	TRIES. 5
181	181	(a) D
182	182	EFINITIONS.—In this section: 6
183	183	(1) A
184	184	GRICULTURAL LAND .—The term ‘‘agricul-7
185	185	tural land’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-8
186	186	tion 9 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment Dis-9
187	187	closure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508). 10
188	188	(2) A
189	189	PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -11
190	190	GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-12
191	191	gress’’ means— 13
192	192	(A) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutri-14
193	193	tion, and Forestry of the Senate; 15
194	194	(B) the Committee on Homeland Security 16
195	195	and Governmental Affairs of the Senate; 17
196	196	(C) the Committee on Intelligence of the 18
197	197	Senate; 19
198	198	(D) the Committee on Homeland Security 20
199	199	of the House of Representatives; 21
200	200	(E) the Committee on Agriculture of the 22
201	201	House of Representatives; and 23
202	202	(F) the Permanent Select Committee on 24
203	203	Intelligence of the House of Representatives. 25
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207	207	(3) COVERED FOREIGN COUNTRY .—The term 1
208	208	‘‘covered foreign country’’ means— 2
209	209	(A) the People’s Republic of China; 3
210	210	(B) the Russian Federation; 4
211	211	(C) a state sponsor of terrorism; and 5
212	212	(D) any other country identified by the 6
213	213	Secretary of Homeland Security or the Sec-7
214	214	retary of Agriculture. 8
215	215	(4) C
216	216	OVERED FOREIGN PERSON .—The term 9
217	217	‘‘covered foreign person’’ means a foreign person (as 10
218	218	defined in section 9 of the Agricultural Foreign In-11
219	219	vestment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508)) 12
220	220	that is a citizen of, or headquartered in, as applica-13
221	221	ble, a covered foreign country. 14
222	222	(5) S
223	223	TATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ has the mean-15
224	224	ing given the term in section 9 of the Agricultural 16
225	225	Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 17
226	226	U.S.C. 3508). 18
227	227	(6) S
228	228	TATE SPONSOR OF TERRORISM .—The term 19
229	229	‘‘state sponsor of terrorism’’ means a country the 20
230	230	government of which the Secretary of State has de-21
231	231	termined has repeatedly provided support for acts of 22
232	232	international terrorism, for purposes of— 23
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236	236	(A) section 1754(c)(1)(A)(i) of the Export 1
237	237	Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 2
238	238	4813(c)(1)(A)(i)); 3
239	239	(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance 4
240	240	Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371); 5
241	241	(C) section 40(d) of the Arms Export Con-6
242	242	trol Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)); or 7
243	243	(D) any other provision of law. 8
244	244	(b) R
245	245	EPORT.— 9
246	246	(1) I
247	247	N GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 10
248	248	after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually 11
249	249	thereafter, the Secretary of Agriculture, with sup-12
250	250	port from the Secretary of Homeland Security and 13
251	251	the head of any other appropriate Federal agency, 14
252	252	shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con-15
253	253	gress a report describing the national security risks 16
254	254	of the purchase and management of agricultural 17
255	255	land by covered foreign persons. 18
256	256	(2) C
257	257	ONTENTS.—A report submitted under 19
258	258	paragraph (1) shall include the following with re-20
259	259	spect to the year covered by the report: 21
260	260	(A) A description of— 22
261	261	(i) the number of acres of agricultural 23
262	262	land owned or managed by covered foreign 24
263	263	persons, organized by State; and 25
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267	267	(ii) for each State, the percentage of 1
268	268	land owned or managed by covered foreign 2
269	269	persons compared to the total acreage of 3
270	270	the State. 4
271	271	(B) An analysis of the possible threat to 5
272	272	food security, food safety, biosecurity, or envi-6
273	273	ronmental protection due to the ownership of 7
274	274	agricultural land by each covered foreign coun-8
275	275	try through covered foreign persons. 9
276	276	(C) An analysis of the annual and total 10
277	277	cost of support for agricultural land owned by 11
278	278	covered foreign persons through farm programs 12
279	279	administered by the Farm Service Agency. 13
280	280	(D) An analysis of the use of agricultural 14
281	281	land for industrial espionage or intellectual 15
282	282	property transfer by covered foreign persons. 16
283	283	(E) An analysis of the potential use by 17
284	284	covered foreign persons of agricultural land in 18
285	285	close proximity to manufacturing facilities, 19
286	286	water sources, and other critical infrastructure 20
287	287	to monitor, interrupt, or disrupt activities crit-21
288	288	ical to the national and economic security of the 22
289	289	United States. 23
290	290	(F) An analysis of other threats to the ag-24
291	291	ricultural industry or national security of the 25
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295	295	United States due to the ownership of agricul-1
296	296	tural land by covered foreign persons. 2
297	297	(3) U
298	298	NCLASSIFIED FORM.—A report submitted 3
299	299	under this subsection shall— 4
300	300	(A) be submitted in unclassified form, but 5
301	301	may include a classified annex; and 6
302	302	(B) be consistent with the protection of in-7
303	303	telligence sources and methods. 8
304	304	SEC. 4. INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS. 9
305	305	(a) I
306	306	NVESTIGATIVEACTIONS.—Section 4 of the Agri-10
307	307	cultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 11
308	308	U.S.C. 3503) is amended to read as follows: 12
309	309	‘‘SEC. 4. INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS. 13
310	310	‘‘(a) I
311	311	NGENERAL.—The Secretary shall appoint an 14
312	312	employee in the Senior Executive Service (as described in 15
313	313	section 3131 of title 5, United States Code) of the Depart-16
314	314	ment of Agriculture to serve as Chief of Operations of In-17
315	315	vestigative Actions (referred to in this section as the ‘Chief 18
316	316	of Operations’), who shall hire, appoint, and maintain ad-19
317	317	ditional employees to monitor compliance with the provi-20
318	318	sions of this Act. 21
319	319	‘‘(b) C
320	320	HIEF OFOPERATIONS.—The Chief of Oper-22
321	321	ations may serve in such position simultaneously with a 23
322	322	concurrent position within the Department of Agriculture. 24
323	323	‘‘(c) S
324	324	ECURITY.—The Secretary shall— 25
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328	328	‘‘(1) provide classified storage, meeting, and 1
329	329	other spaces, as necessary, for personnel; and 2
330	330	‘‘(2) assist personnel in obtaining security clear-3
331	331	ances. 4
332	332	‘‘(d) D
333	333	UTIES.—The Chief of Operations shall— 5
334	334	‘‘(1) monitor compliance with this Act; 6
335	335	‘‘(2) refer noncompliance with this Act to the 7
336	336	Secretary, the Farm Service Agency, and any other 8
337	337	appropriate authority; 9
338	338	‘‘(3) conduct investigations, in coordination 10
339	339	with the Department of Justice, the Federal Bureau 11
340	340	of Investigation, the Department of Homeland Secu-12
341	341	rity, the Department of the Treasury, the National 13
342	342	Security Council, and State and local law enforce-14
343	343	ment agencies, on malign efforts— 15
344	344	‘‘(A) to steal agricultural knowledge and 16
345	345	technology; and 17
346	346	‘‘(B) to disrupt the United States agricul-18
347	347	tural base; 19
348	348	‘‘(4) conduct an annual audit of the database 20
349	349	developed under section 6(b) of the Foreign Agricul-21
350	350	tural Restrictions to Maintain Local Agriculture and 22
351	351	National Defense Act of 2025; 23
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355	355	‘‘(5) seek to enter into memoranda of agree-1
356	356	ment and memoranda of understanding with the 2
357	357	Federal agencies described in paragraph (3)— 3
358	358	‘‘(A) to ensure compliance with this Act; 4
359	359	and 5
360	360	‘‘(B) to prevent the malign efforts de-6
361	361	scribed in that paragraph; 7
362	362	‘‘(6) refer to the Committee on Foreign Invest-8
363	363	ment in the United States transactions that— 9
364	364	‘‘(A) raise potential national security con-10
365	365	cerns; and 11
366	366	‘‘(B) result in agricultural land acquisition 12
367	367	by a foreign person that is a citizen of, or 13
368	368	headquartered in, as applicable, a foreign entity 14
369	369	of concern; and 15
370	370	‘‘(7) publish annual reports that summarize the 16
371	371	information contained in every report received by the 17
372	372	Secretary under section 2 during the period covered 18
373	373	by the report. 19
374	374	‘‘(e) A
375	375	DMINISTRATION.—The Chief of Operations 20
376	376	shall report to— 21
377	377	‘‘(1) the Secretary; or 22
378	378	‘‘(2) if delegated by the Secretary, to— 23
379	379	‘‘(A) the Administrator of the Farm Serv-24
380	380	ice Agency; or 25
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384	384	‘‘(B) the Director of the Department of 1
385	385	Agriculture Office of Homeland Security.’’. 2
386	386	(b) D
387	387	EFINITION OF FOREIGNENTITY OFCON-3
388	388	CERN.—Section 9 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment 4
389	389	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508) is amended— 5
390	390	(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 6
391	391	striking ‘‘For purposes of this Act—’’ and inserting 7
392	392	‘‘In this Act:’’; 8
393	393	(2) in each of paragraphs (1) through (6)— 9
394	394	(A) by striking ‘‘the term’’ and inserting 10
395	395	‘‘The term’’; and 11
396	396	(B) by inserting a paragraph heading, the 12
397	397	text of which comprises the term defined in that 13
398	398	paragraph; 14
399	399	(3) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through 15
400	400	(6) as paragraphs (3), (4), (6), (7), and (8), respec-16
401	401	tively; 17
402	402	(4) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol-18
403	403	lowing: 19
404	404	‘‘(2) F
405	405	OREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN .—The 20
406	406	term ‘foreign entity of concern’ has the meaning 21
407	407	given the term in section 9901 of the William M. 22
408	408	(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 23
409	409	Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651).’’; and 24
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413	413	(5) by inserting after paragraph (4) (as so re-1
414	414	designated) the following: 2
415	415	‘‘(5) M
416	416	ALIGN EFFORT.—The term ‘malign ef-3
417	417	fort’ means any hostile effort undertaken by, at the 4
418	418	direction of, on behalf of, or with the substantial 5
419	419	support of the government of a foreign entity of con-6
420	420	cern.’’. 7
421	421	(c) R
422	422	EPORTS.—The Agricultural Foreign Investment 8
423	423	Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) is amended 9
424	424	by adding at the end the following: 10
425	425	‘‘SEC. 11. REPORTS. 11
426	426	‘‘(a) I
427	427	NITIALREPORT.—Not later than 180 days 12
428	428	after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary 13
429	429	shall submit to Congress a report that describes the 14
430	430	progress of the Secretary in implementing the amend-15
431	431	ments made by the Foreign Agricultural Restrictions to 16
432	432	Maintain Local Agriculture and National Defense Act of 17
433	433	2025. 18
434	434	‘‘(b) R
435	435	EPORT ON TRACKINGCOVEREDTRANS-19
436	436	ACTIONS.—Not later than 180 days after the date of en-20
437	437	actment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to Con-21
438	438	gress a report on the feasibility of— 22
439	439	‘‘(1) establishing a mechanism for quantifying 23
440	440	the threats posed by foreign entities of concern to 24
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444	444	United States food security, biosecurity, food safety, 1
445	445	environmental protection, and national defense; and 2
446	446	‘‘(2) building, and submitting to the Committee 3
447	447	on Foreign Investment in the United States for fur-4
448	448	ther review, a rigorous discovery and review process 5
449	449	to review transactions described in section 6
450	450	721(a)(4)(B)(vi) of the Defense Production Act of 7
451	451	1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(a)(4)(B)(vi)). 8
452	452	‘‘(c) Y
453	453	EARLYREPORT.—Not later than 1 year after 9
454	454	the date of enactment of this section, and annually there-10
455	455	after for the following 10 years, the Secretary shall submit 11
456	456	to Congress a report on the activities of the Secretary pur-12
457	457	suant to this Act during the year covered by the report.’’. 13
458	458	SEC. 5. AUTHORITY OF COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN INVEST-14
459	459	MENT IN THE UNITED STATES TO REVIEW 15
460	460	CERTAIN REAL ESTATE PURCHASES BY FOR-16
461	461	EIGN ENTITIES OF CONCERN. 17
462	462	(a) I
463	463	NGENERAL.—Section 721(a)(4) of the Defense 18
464	464	Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(a)(4)) is amend-19
465	465	ed— 20
466	466	(1) in subparagraph (A)— 21
467	467	(A) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and 22
468	468	inserting a semicolon; 23
469	469	(B) in clause (ii), by striking the period at 24
470	470	the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 25
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474	474	(C) by adding at the end the following: 1
475	475	‘‘(iii) any transaction described in 2
476	476	subparagraph (B)(vi) proposed or pending 3
477	477	on or after the date of enactment of this 4
478	478	clause.’’; and 5
479	479	(2) in subparagraph (B), by adding at the end 6
480	480	the following: 7
481	481	‘‘(vi) Subject to subparagraph (C), the 8
482	482	purchase or lease by, or a concession to, a 9
483	483	foreign entity of concern of private or pub-10
484	484	lic real estate in the United States if— 11
485	485	‘‘(I)(aa) the value of the pur-12
486	486	chase, lease, or concession— 13
487	487	‘‘(AA) exceeds $5,000,000; 14
488	488	or 15
489	489	‘‘(BB) in combination with 16
490	490	the value of other such purchases 17
491	491	or leases by, or concessions to, 18
492	492	the same entity during the pre-19
493	493	ceding 3 years, exceeds 20
494	494	$5,000,000; or 21
495	495	‘‘(bb) the real estate— 22
496	496	‘‘(AA) exceeds 320 acres; or 23
497	497	‘‘(BB) in combination with 24
498	498	other private or public real estate 25
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502	502	in the United States purchased 1
503	503	or leased by, or for which a con-2
504	504	cession is provided to, the same 3
505	505	entity during the preceding 3 4
506	506	years, exceeds 320 acres; and 5
507	507	‘‘(II) the real estate is primarily 6
508	508	used for— 7
509	509	‘‘(aa) agriculture, including 8
510	510	raising of livestock and forestry; 9
511	511	‘‘(bb) extraction of fossil 10
512	512	fuels, natural gas, purchases or 11
513	513	leases of renewable energy 12
514	514	sources; or 13
515	515	‘‘(cc) extraction of critical 14
516	516	precursor materials for biological 15
517	517	technology industries, informa-16
518	518	tion technology components, or 17
519	519	national defense technologies.’’. 18
520	520	(b) F
521	521	OREIGNENTITIES OF CONCERN.—Section 19
522	522	721(a) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 20
523	523	4565(a)) is amended— 21
524	524	(1) by redesignating paragraphs (7) through 22
525	525	(13) as paragraphs (8) through (14), respectively; 23
526	526	and 24
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530	530	(2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the fol-1
531	531	lowing: 2
532	532	‘‘(7) F
533	533	OREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN .—The 3
534	534	term ‘foreign entity of concern’ has the meaning 4
535	535	given that term in section 9901 of the William M. 5
536	536	(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 6
537	537	Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651).’’. 7
538	538	(c) F
539	539	ACTORSTOBECONSIDERED.—Section 721(f) 8
540	540	of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 9
541	541	4565(f)) is amended— 10
542	542	(1) by redesignating paragraphs (8) through 11
543	543	(11) as paragraphs (9) through (12), respectively; 12
544	544	and 13
545	545	(2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the fol-14
546	546	lowing: 15
547	547	‘‘(8) the potential follow-on national security ef-16
548	548	fects of the risks posed by the proposed or pending 17
549	549	transaction to United States food security, food safe-18
550	550	ty, biosecurity, environmental protection, or national 19
551	551	defense;’’. 20
552	552	(d) I
553	553	NCLUSION OF SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 21
554	554	AND THECOMMISSIONER OFFOOD ANDDRUGS ONCOM-22
555	555	MITTEE ON FOREIGNINVESTMENT IN THE UNITED 23
556	556	S
557	557	TATES.—Section 721(k)(2) of the Defense Production 24
558	558	Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(k)(2)) is amended— 25
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562	562	(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (H), (I), 1
563	563	and (J) as subparagraphs (J), (K), and (L), respec-2
564	564	tively; and 3
565	565	(2) by inserting after subparagraph (G) the fol-4
566	566	lowing: 5
567	567	‘‘(H) The Secretary of Agriculture. 6
568	568	‘‘(I) The Commissioner of Food and 7
569	569	Drugs.’’. 8
570	570	(e) A
571	571	NNUALREPORT.—Section 721(m) of the De-9
572	572	fense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(m)) is 10
573	573	amended— 11
574	574	(1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as para-12
575	575	graph (5); and 13
576	576	(2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol-14
577	577	lowing: 15
578	578	‘‘(4) L
579	579	IST OF REAL ESTATE OWNED BY FOR -16
580	580	EIGN ENTITIES OF CONCERN .—The President and 17
581	581	such agencies as the President shall designate shall 18
582	582	include in the annual report submitted under para-19
583	583	graph (1) a list of all real estate in the United 20
584	584	States owned by a foreign entity of concern or a per-21
585	585	son closely associated with such an entity.’’. 22
586	586	(f) R
587	587	EPORTREQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 23
588	588	after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 24
589	589	the Treasury, in coordination with the Secretary of State 25
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593	593	and the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall submit to 1
594	594	Congress a report that includes— 2
595	595	(1) an assessment of the feasibility of requiring 3
596	596	retroactive divestment of real estate owned by for-4
597	597	eign entities of concern (as defined in section 721(a) 5
598	598	of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended 6
599	599	by this section); and 7
600	600	(2) a description of the process used by the 8
601	601	Committee on Foreign Investment in the United 9
602	602	States to review the national security implications of 10
603	603	any connections between— 11
604	604	(A) foreign investment in the United 12
605	605	States made by the Government of the People’s 13
606	606	Republic of China or entities controlled by or 14
607	607	acting on behalf of that Government; and 15
608	608	(B) the Chinese Communist Party. 16
609	609	(g) E
610	610	FFECTIVEDATE.—The amendments made by 17
611	611	this section take effect on the date of the enactment of 18
612	612	this Act and apply with respect to any covered transaction 19
613	613	the review or investigation of which is initiated under sec-20
614	614	tion 721 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 on or 21
615	615	after such date of enactment. 22
616	616	SEC. 6. DIGITIZATION AND CONSOLIDATION OF FOREIGN 23
617	617	LAND OWNERSHIP DATA. 24
618	618	(a) D
619	619	EFINITIONS.—In this section: 25
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622	622	•S 886 IS
623	623	(1) AGRICULTURAL LAND .—The term ‘‘agricul-1
624	624	tural land’’ has the meaning given the term in sec-2
625	625	tion 781.2 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations 3
626	626	(as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act). 4
627	627	(2) A
628	628	PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -5
629	629	GRESS.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate com-6
630	630	mittees of Congress’’ has the meaning given the 7
631	631	term in section 3(a). 8
632	632	(3) D
633	633	ATABASE.—The term ‘‘database’’ means 9
634	634	the database developed under subsection (b). 10
635	635	(4) F
636	636	OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-11
637	637	son’’ has the meaning given the term in section 9 of 12
638	638	the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act 13
639	639	of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508). 14
640	640	(5) S
641	641	ECRETARIES.—The term ‘‘Secretaries’’ 15
642	642	means— 16
643	643	(A) the Secretary of Agriculture; and 17
644	644	(B) the Secretary of Homeland Security. 18
645	645	(b) D
646	646	ATABASE.—Subject to the availability of appro-19
647	647	priations, not later than 3 years after the date of enact-20
648	648	ment of this Act, the Secretaries, acting jointly, shall de-21
649	649	velop a database of agricultural land owned by foreign per-22
650	650	sons, using data that are— 23
651	651	(1) collected— 24
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655	655	(A) pursuant to the Agricultural Foreign 1
656	656	Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 2
657	657	3501 et seq.); and 3
658	658	(B) from FSA–153 forms submitted to the 4
659	659	Farm Service Agency; and 5
660	660	(2) publicly available. 6
661	661	(c) C
662	662	ONTENTS.—Each entry in the database for each 7
663	663	registration or updated registration of agricultural land 8
664	664	owned by a foreign person shall include information in the 9
665	665	applicable FSA–153 form. 10
666	666	(d) A
667	667	UDIT.—Not later than 180 days after the data-11
668	668	base is made publicly available, and annually thereafter, 12
669	669	the Chief of Operations for Investigative Actions ap-13
670	670	pointed under section 4 of the Agricultural Foreign Invest-14
671	671	ment Disclosure Act of 1978 shall— 15
672	672	(1) conduct an audit of the database; and 16
673	673	(2) submit to the appropriate committees of 17
674	674	Congress a report— 18
675	675	(A) evaluating the accuracy of the data-19
676	676	base; and 20
677	677	(B) describing recommendations for im-21
678	678	proving compliance with the reporting required 22
679	679	under the Agricultural Foreign Investment Dis-23
680	680	closure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). 24
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684	684	SEC. 7. PROHIBITION OF PARTICIPATION IN FARM SERVICE 1
685	685	AGENCY PROGRAMS BY FOREIGN PERSONS. 2
686	686	(a) D
687	687	EFINITIONS.—In this section: 3
688	688	(1) A
689	689	PPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON -4
690	690	GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Con-5
691	691	gress’’ has the meaning given the term in section 6
692	692	3(a). 7
693	693	(2) F
694	694	OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-8
695	695	son’’ has the meaning given the term in section 9 of 9
696	696	the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act 10
697	697	of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3508). 11
698	698	(3) O
699	699	PERATOR.—The term ‘‘operator’’ has the 12
700	700	meaning given the term in section 718.2 of title 7, 13
701	701	Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the 14
702	702	date of enactment of this Act). 15
703	703	(4) O
704	704	WNER.—The term ‘‘owner’’ has the mean-16
705	705	ing given the term in section 718.2 of title 7, Code 17
706	706	of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of 18
707	707	enactment of this Act). 19
708	708	(5) P
709	709	ARTICIPANT.—The term ‘‘participant’’ has 20
710	710	the meaning given the term in section 718.2 of title 21
711	711	7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the 22
712	712	date of enactment of this Act). 23
713	713	(6) S
714	714	ECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 24
715	715	the Secretary of Agriculture. 25
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719	719	(b) LIMITATION FOR FOREIGN-OWNED OR OPER-1
720	720	ATEDLAND.—No operator or owner who is a foreign per-2
721	721	son may be a participant. 3
722	722	(c) C
723	723	OMPLIANCE.— 4
724	724	(1) I
725	725	N GENERAL.—The Secretary may take 5
726	726	such actions as the Secretary considers necessary to 6
727	727	monitor compliance with subsection (b). 7
728	728	(2) O
729	729	WNERSHIP CERTIFICATION .—The Sec-8
730	730	retary shall require any owner or operator applying 9
731	731	to be a participant to certify in the application that 10
732	732	the owner or operator is not a foreign person. 11
733	733	(3) C
734	734	IVIL PENALTY.— 12
735	735	(A) I
736	736	N GENERAL.—A foreign person shall 13
737	737	be subject to a civil penalty imposed by the Sec-14
738	738	retary if the Secretary determines that the for-15
739	739	eign person— 16
740	740	(i) has received benefits prohibited 17
741	741	under subsection (b); or 18
742	742	(ii) has knowingly submitted a request 19
743	743	for those benefits that contains informa-20
744	744	tion that is misleading or false. 21
745	745	(B) C
746	746	IVIL ACTION.—A civil penalty im-22
747	747	posed by the Secretary under subparagraph (A) 23
748	748	shall be recoverable in a civil action brought by 24
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752	752	the Attorney General in an appropriate district 1
753	753	court of the United States. 2
754	754	(C) A
755	755	MOUNT.—The amount of a civil pen-3
756	756	alty imposed by the Secretary under subpara-4
757	757	graph (A)— 5
758	758	(i) shall be such amount as the Sec-6
759	759	retary determines to be appropriate to 7
760	760	carry out the purposes of this section; but 8
761	761	(ii) shall not exceed 125 percent of 9
762	762	the monetary benefits provided to the for-10
763	763	eign person in participating in the 1 or 11
764	764	more programs of the Farm Service Agen-12
765	765	cy in which participation is prohibited 13
766	766	under subsection (b). 14
767	767	(D) U
768	768	SE OF CIVIL PENALTIES.—Penalties 15
769	769	collected under this paragraph shall be available 16
770	770	to the Secretary, without further appropriation 17
771	771	and until expended, for the purpose of enforcing 18
772	772	this section. 19
773	773	(4) U
774	774	SE OF INFORMATION.—For the purpose of 20
775	775	monitoring compliance under this subsection, the 21
776	776	Secretary shall use information— 22
777	777	(A) collected by the Secretary under the 23
778	778	Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act 24
779	779	of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); and 25
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783	783	(B) from the FSA–153 form submitted to 1
784	784	the Farm Service Agency. 2
785	785	(d) R
786	786	EPORT.—The Secretary shall submit to the ap-3
787	787	propriate committees of Congress, on an annual basis, a 4
788	788	report containing the following information: 5
789	789	(1) A description of violations of subsection (b) 6
790	790	during the year covered by the report. 7
791	791	(2) An itemized list of savings for each program 8
792	792	administered by the Farm Service Agency during the 9
793	793	year covered by the report as a result of subsection 10
794	794	(b). 11
795	795	(3) A description of compliance actions taken 12
796	796	by the Secretary under subsection (c) during the 13
797	797	year covered by the report. 14
798	798	(4) An itemized list of civil penalties imposed 15
799	799	on foreign persons under subsection (c)(3) during 16
800	800	the year covered by the report. 17
801	801	(5) Such other information on enforcement 18
802	802	under this section, compliance with this section, and 19
803	803	the benefits of this section as the Secretary deter-20
804	804	mines to be necessary. 21
805	805	SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 22
806	806	There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 23
807	807	this Act and the amendments made by this Act— 24
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811	811	(1) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2025, to remain 1
812	812	available until expended, for secure workspace build-2
813	813	out under the amendments made by section 4 and 3
814	814	database system development under section 6; and 4
815	815	(2) $9,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 5
816	816	through 2029 for all other activities. 6
817	817	Æ
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