| 8 | 12 | | |
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| 9 | 13 | | Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia: |
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| 10 | 14 | | |
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| 11 | 15 | | 1. That 18.2-67.9 of the Code of Virginia is amended and reenacted as follows: |
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| 12 | 16 | | |
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| 13 | 17 | | 18.2-67.9. Testimony by child victims and witnesses using two-way closed-circuit television or other securely encrypted two-way audio and video technology. |
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| 14 | 18 | | |
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| 15 | 19 | | A. The provisions of this section shall apply to an alleged victim who was 14 years of age or younger at the time of the alleged offense and is 16 years of age or younger at the time of the trial and to a witness who is 14 years of age or younger at the time of the trial. |
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| 16 | 20 | | |
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| 17 | 21 | | In any criminal proceeding, including preliminary hearings, involving an alleged offense against a child, relating to a violation of the laws pertaining to kidnapping pursuant to Article 3 ( 18.2-47 et seq.) of Chapter 4, criminal sexual assault pursuant to Article 7 ( 18.2-61 et seq.) of Chapter 4, commercial sex trafficking or prostitution offenses pursuant to Article 3 ( 18.2-346 et seq.) of Chapter 8, or family offenses pursuant to Article 4 ( 18.2-362 et seq.) of Chapter 8, or involving an alleged murder of a person of any age, the attorney for the Commonwealth or the defendant may apply for an order from the court that the testimony of the alleged victim or a child witness be taken in a room outside the courtroom and be televised by two-way closed-circuit television or other securely encrypted two-way audio and video technology. The party seeking such order shall apply for the order at least seven 14 days before the trial date or at least seven days before such other preliminary proceeding to which the order is to apply. |
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| 18 | 22 | | |
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| 19 | 23 | | B. The court may order that the testimony of the child be taken by two-way closed-circuit television or other securely encrypted two-way audio and video technology as provided in subsection A if it finds that the child is unavailable to testify in open court in the presence of the defendant, the jury, the judge, and the public, for any of the following reasons: |
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| 20 | 24 | | |
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| 21 | 25 | | 1. The child's persistent refusal to testify despite judicial requests to do so; |
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| 22 | 26 | | |
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| 23 | 27 | | 2. The child's substantial inability to communicate about the offense; or |
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| 24 | 28 | | |
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| 25 | 29 | | 3. The substantial likelihood The court's finding, by clear and convincing evidence, based upon expert opinion testimony, that the child will suffer severe at least moderate emotional trauma from so that is more than nervousness or excitement or some reluctance to testify as a result of testifying in the defendant's presence and not in the courtroom generally and where such trauma would impair the child's ability to communicate. |
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| 26 | 30 | | |
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| 27 | 31 | | Any ruling on the child's unavailability under this subsection shall be supported by the court with findings on the record or with written findings in a court not of record. |
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| 28 | 32 | | |
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