Virginia 2025 Regular Session

Virginia House Bill HB1776 Compare Versions

Version 1 (Old)

Version 2 (New)

Old	New		Differences
1		-	CHAPTER 195
	1	+	2025 SESSION
	2	+
	3	+	ENROLLED
	4	+
	5	+	VIRGINIA ACTS OF ASSEMBLY -- CHAPTER
2	6
3	7		An Act for the relief of Marvin Leon Grimm, Jr., relating to compensation for wrongful incarceration; murder, sodomy by force, and abduction with the intent to defile; sex offender registry.
4	8
5	9		[H 1776]
6	10
7		-	Approved ~~March 21, 2025~~
	11	+	Approved
8	12
9		-	Whereas, Marvin Leon Grimm, Jr., (Mr. Grimm) spent nearly five decades in prison for crimes he did not commit, and an additional four years after release from prison under highly restrictive parole and sex offender registry conditions that imposed onerous barriers to his reentry to society; and
	13	+	Whereas, Marvin Leon Grimm, Jr. (Mr. Grimm) spent nearly five decades in prison for crimes he did not commit, and an additional four years after release from prison under highly restrictive parole and sex offender registry conditions that imposed onerous barriers to his reentry to society; and
10	14
11	15		Whereas, on November 22, 1975, three-year old CH was last seen by his mother at 1:30 p.m. headed into a wooded area behind their family's apartment complex, which was the same complex where Mr. Grimm resided; and
12	16
13	17		Whereas, CH's mother reported him missing to the Richmond Police Department at 2:40 p.m.; and
14	18
15	19		Whereas, Richmond police officers knocked on Mr. Grimm's apartment door at 2:45 p.m. and asked Mr. Grimm where CH's family resided; and
16	20
17	21		Whereas, the Richmond community instantly mobilized to help officers find CH with 250 to 300 individuals searching the woods and small ponds in the area; and
18	22
19	23		Whereas, CH was not found until four days later on November 26, 1975, when a gardener found his body in the James River, nearly a nine-mile drive from his home; and
20	24
21	25		Whereas, newspaper and media reporting of the discovery of the body included several photographs of the location where the body was found as well as a detailed map of the location; and
22	26
23	27		Whereas, the medical examiner conducted an autopsy of CH and reported observing "tenacious mucoid secretions" in the back of CH's throat that contained "spermatozoa" and concluded that CH died from forced oral sodomy after choking to death on ejaculate; and
24	28
25	29		Whereas, the medical examiner also performed a postmortem toxicology test that revealed high amounts of alcohol, acetaminophen, and the prescription muscle relaxant chlorzoxazone in CH's blood, liver, and stomach; and
26	30
27	31		Whereas, Richmond police officers went weeks without any leads or suspects; and
28	32
29	33		Whereas, although no evidence linked Mr. Grimm to the crime, Richmond police officers picked up Mr. Grimm on December 16, 1975, at 4:40 p.m. after a nine-hour work shift and brought him in for questioning; and
30	34
31	35		Whereas, Richmond police offers were aware of the medical examiner's theory of asphyxiation by oral sodomy and of the toxicology findings of the presence of high amounts of alcohol, acetaminophen, and the prescription muscle relaxant chlorzoxazone in CH's blood and organs; and
32	36
33	37		Whereas, Richmond police officers aggressively interrogated Mr. Grimm for an unrecorded 10 hours using coercive tactics; and
34	38
35	39		Whereas, although the death penalty was not available for the crimes with which Mr. Grimm was ultimately charged, Richmond police officers threatened Mr. Grimm with the death penalty; and
36	40
37	41		Whereas, Mr. Grimm was 20 years old and especially vulnerable to coercive interrogation techniques due to his youth and susceptible personality traits, including lasting anxiety and depression after witnessing the death of his crewmates during his service in the U.S. Navy; and
38	42
39	43		Whereas, at 2:20 a.m., after Mr. Grimm had been awake for over 24 hours, Richmond police officers turned on a tape recorder and Mr. Grimm, only through suggestive prompting by the police officers, provided a narrative that fit the officers' theory of the case, specifically that Mr. Grimm abducted CH and forced CH to perform oral sex, CH began choking and passed out, and Mr. Grimm drove to the edge of the James River and threw CH's body into the water; and
40	44
41	45		Whereas, Mr. Grimm's false confession was missing key details of the crime, including any reference to the alcohol and drugs found in CH's system, and provided no material new information that would be known only to the perpetrator; and
42	46
43	47		Whereas, following the confession, Richmond police officers executed a search warrant and recovered several hairs from Mr. Grimm's car and from a coat in his apartment, a towel from Mr. Grimm's car, and a torn shoe from his apartment; and
44	48
45	49		Whereas, the forensic scientist performed hair microscopy on the hairs and concluded that eight of the hairs were consistent with CH; and
46	50
47	51		Whereas, the forensic scientist concluded that the towel retrieved from Mr. Grimm's car contained seminal fluid; and
48	52
49	53		Whereas, the Commonwealth tested Mr. Grimm's torn shoe for soil and debris to support Mr. Grimm's presence at the James River riverbank; and
50	54
51	55		Whereas, on January 28, 1976, exculpatory shoe and soil testing evidence became available to the Commonwealth that revealed no soil deposits or leaves from the riverbank on Mr. Grimm's shoe; and
52	56
53	57		Whereas, the Commonwealth withheld this exculpatory evidence from Mr. Grimm and the court until it was uncovered by the Attorney General's Office during its investigation in 2023; and
54	58
55	59		Whereas, on March 10, 1976, Mr. Grimm was persuaded to plead guilty to murder, sodomy by force, and abduction with the intent to defile in exchange for the Commonwealth purporting to agree not to seek the death penalty in this case even though Virginia did not permit the death penalty for those crimes; and
56	60
57	61		Whereas, three days before Mr. Grimm's guilty plea hearing, significant exculpatory serology evidence became available to the Commonwealth that should have resulted in all of the charges being dropped that the Commonwealth intentionally ignored; and
58	62
59	63		Whereas, on March 12, 1976, the forensic scientist's serology analysis of the oral swabs from CH's autopsy confirmed that the secretions on the swabs were Type O; and
60	64
61	65		Whereas, the Commonwealth was aware that Mr. Grimm was Type A and could not have been the secretor of Type O secretions; and
62	66
63		-	Whereas, on March 15, 1976, the circuit court heard the Commonwealth's evidence against Mr. Grimm, including the confession ~~and~~ forensic evidence of the hairs, swabs, and towel indicating the presence of seminal fluid; and
	67	+	Whereas, on March 15, 1976, the circuit court heard the Commonwealth's evidence against Mr. Grimm, including the confession, forensic evidence of the hairs, swabs, and towel indicating the presence of seminal fluid; and
64	68
65	69		Whereas, the Commonwealth intentionally ignored and buried the exculpatory serology evidence at the evidentiary hearing and instead solicited testimony from the medical examiner that the report that contained the new serology was of no significance; and
66	70
67	71		Whereas, the Commonwealth also introduced Mr. Grimm's torn shoe to corroborate the false confession but intentionally excluded the exculpatory shoe and soil testing; and
68	72
69	73		Whereas, the Commonwealth never presented testimony to the Court at the hearing about the high levels of alcohol and drugs in CH's stomach or whether that played any part in CH's death; and
70	74
71	75		Whereas, after hearing the forensic evidence and testimony, the circuit court accepted Mr. Grimm's guilty plea on all three counts and sentenced him to life in prison on the murder and abduction charges, plus 10 years on the sodomy charge; and
72	76
73	77		Whereas, Mr. Grimm began his term of imprisonment where he spent his first five years in solitary confinement because the crime made him a prison pariah; and
74	78
75	79		Whereas, Mr. Grimm immediately began pursuing his exoneration; and
76	80
77	81		Whereas, when the sexual offender registry was first created in 2001, the Commonwealth forced Mr. Grimm to register at that time even while he was confined as a prisoner of the Commonwealth; and
78	82
79	83		Whereas, Mr. Grimm secured the assistance of the Innocence Project beginning in 2007 and secured the assistance of Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP in 2017 to investigate his case; and
80	84
81	85		Whereas, DNA testing in 2012 and 2023 determined that the eight hairs found in Mr. Grimm's car and on his coat did not belong to CH and, in fact, belonged to six different people; and
82	86
83	87		Whereas, DNA testing and modern microscopy in 2002, 2012, and 2013 determined there was no sperm present on the oral swabs or on the towel and the DNA testing excluded Mr. Grimm as the source from all DNA recovered on the oral swabs, and all DNA profiles recovered matched CH's own DNA; and
84	88
85	89		Whereas, a new toxicology analysis concluded it would have taken 90 to 150 minutes for CH's blood alcohol content to reach the 0.12% level found at autopsy, making it impossible for Mr. Grimm to commit the crime within the 75-minute window of time available from when CH was reported missing at 1:30 p.m. and when Mr. Grimm answered the officers' knock at his door at 2:45 p.m.; and
86	90
87	91		Whereas, Mr. Grimm was denied parole 26 times; and
88	92
89		-	Whereas, Mr. Grimm was released from prison on April 3, 2020, placed on parole, and required to continue to be registered a sexual offender and required to wear an ankle bracelet, and to have his phone and computer monitored on a 24/7 basis at his own expense; and
	93	+	Whereas, Mr. Grimm was released from prison on April 3, 2020, placed on parole, and was required to continue to be registered a sexual offender and required to wear an ankle bracelet and to have his phone and computer monitored on a 24/7 basis at his own expense; and
90	94
91	95		Whereas, Mr. Grimm pursued a writ of actual innocence in the Virginia Court of Appeals on April 28, 2023; and
92	96
93	97		Whereas, current Attorney General Jason Miyares investigated Mr. Grimm's case and determined that Mr. Grimm is innocent of the crimes for which he was convicted, had been wrongfully convicted, and should be entitled to a writ of actual innocence; and
94	98
95	99		Whereas, the Virginia Court of Appeals granted Mr. Grimm's petition and issued a writ of actual innocence based on nonbiological and biological evidence, vacating his convictions on June 18, 2024, pursuant to 19.2-327.13 of the Code of Virginia; and
96	100
97	101		Whereas, Mr. Grimm, as a result of his wrongful incarceration, lost more than 49 years of his freedom and countless life experiences and opportunities, including family relations, the opportunity to further his education, and the opportunity to earn potential income from gainful employment during his years of incarceration; and
98	102
99	103		Whereas, because Mr. Grimm was incarcerated at such an early age for nearly all of his adult life, he was not able to generate a sufficient work record to qualify for any Social Security or Medicare benefits; and
100	104
101	105		Whereas, Mr. Grimm was required to register as a sex offender for a period of more than 23 years from June 6, 2001, through June 18, 2024; and
102	106
103	107		Whereas, Mr. Grimm has struggled to rebuild his life due to the strong stigma of his wrongful conviction for violent crimes against a child and due further to the stringent conditions of parole and sex offender registry requirements; and
104	108
105	109		Whereas, many job training programs and promising employment opportunities have not been available due to these limitations; and
106	110
107	111		Whereas, Mr. Grimm has been restricted from living in certain areas, subject to strict curfews, subject to travel limitations, including the ability to visit family members who resided outside the Commonwealth, and was prohibited from being in the vicinity of certain public facilities; and
108	112
109	113		Whereas, many of Mr. Grimm's family relations were shattered, including with his own son who was born 10 days before Mr. Grimm's arrest and whom Mr. Grimm only met once; and
110	114
111	115		Whereas, Mr. Grimm's family members were vilified by the Richmond community, including their neighbors and friends; and
112	116
113	117		Whereas, Mr. Grimm's sisters were forced to relocate to different schools due to the stigma of Mr. Grimm's conviction; and
114	118
115	119		Whereas, the trauma of Mr. Grimm's wrongful conviction led one of Mr. Grimm's sisters into a fatal drug addiction and another into a lifelong need for psychiatric therapy; and
116	120
117	121		Whereas, Mr. Grimm's conviction resulting in 49 years of imprisonment and sexual offender registration is the longest wrongful conviction in Virginia history, and the second longest wrongful conviction in the country; and
118	122
119	123		Whereas, Mr. Grimm is a Vietnam-era veteran with no prior criminal record until he was wrongfully convicted at the age of 20; and
120	124
121	125		Whereas, 96 percent of Mr. Grimm's expected adult life was spent wrongfully incarcerated; and
122	126
123	127		Whereas, the court record clearly demonstrates that the Commonwealth (i) intentionally and wrongfully fabricated evidence that was used to obtain the wrongful conviction by withholding, ignoring, and misrepresenting exculpatory evidence demonstrating that Mr. Grimm was innocent and (ii) then intentionally, willfully, and continuously suppressed or withheld evidence establishing the innocence of Mr. Grimm; and
124	128
125		-	Whereas, had Richmond and Commonwealth officials not intentionally withheld exonerating evidence, intentionally mischaracterized evidence, and intentionally and falsely threatened the death penalty, which was in fact unavailable, Mr. Grimm would not have been charged with or convicted of these horrific crimes and would not have suffered for nearly five decades with shame, humiliation, and loss of liberty as a convicted child rapist and murderer; and
	129	+	Whereas, had Richmond and Commonwealth officials not intentionally withheld exonerating evidence, intentionally mischaracterized evidence, and intentionally and falsely threatened the death penalty which was in fact unavailable, Mr. Grimm would not have been charged with or convicted of these horrific crimes and would not have suffered for nearly five decades with shame, humiliation, and loss of liberty as a convicted child rapist and murderer; and
126	130
127	131		Whereas, Mr. Grimm has no other means to obtain adequate relief except by action of this body; now, therefore,
128	132
129	133		Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
130	134
131		-	1. 1. That there is hereby appropriated from the general fund of the state treasury the sum of an amount to be provided in the appropriation act for the relief of Marvin Leon Grimm, Jr., to be paid by check issued by the State Treasurer on warrant of the Comptroller in accordance with the provisions of Article 18.2 ( 8.01-195.10 et. seq.) of Chapter 3 of Title 8.01 ~~of the Code of Virginia~~.
	135	+	1. 1. That there is hereby appropriated from the general fund of the state treasury the sum of an amount to be provided in the appropriation act for the relief of Marvin Leon Grimm, Jr., to be paid by check issued by the State Treasurer on warrant of the Comptroller in accordance with the provisions of Article 18.2 ( 8.01-195.10 et. seq.) of Chapter 3 of Title 8.01.
132	136
133	137		2. That the provisions of 8.01-195.12 of the Code of Virginia shall apply to any compensation awarded under this act.