Vermont 2025-2026 Regular Session

Vermont House Bill H0329 Compare Versions

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11 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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55 VT LEG #380255 v.2
66 H.329 1
77 Introduced by Representative Rachelson of Burlington 2
88 Referred to Committee on 3
99 Date: 4
1010 Subject: Motor vehicles; involuntary towing and storage; abandoned vehicles; 5
1111 consumer protection 6
1212 Statement of purpose of bill as introduced: This bill proposes to establish 7
1313 certain consumer protections related to the towing and storage of abandoned 8
1414 motor vehicles. 9
1515 An act relating to the towing and storage of abandoned motor vehicles 10
1616 It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: 11
1717 Sec. 1. 23 V.S.A. § 2151 is amended to read: 12
1818 § 2151. DEFINITIONS 13
1919 As used in this subchapter: 14
2020 (1)(A) “Abandoned motor vehicle” means: 15
2121 (i) a motor vehicle that has remained on public or private property 16
2222 or on or along a highway for more than 48 96 hours without the consent of the 17
2323 owner or person in control of the property and has a valid registration plate or 18
2424 public vehicle identification number that has not been removed, destroyed, or 19
2525 altered; or 20 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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2929 VT LEG #380255 v.2
3030 (ii) a motor vehicle that has remained on public or private property 1
3131 or on or along a highway without the consent of the owner or person in control 2
3232 of the property for any period of time if: 3
3333 (I) the vehicle does not have a valid registration plate or the 4
3434 public vehicle identification number has been removed, destroyed, or altered; 5
3535 or 6
3636 (II) a law enforcement officer has requested that the vehicle be 7
3737 removed by a towing business. 8
3838 (B) “Abandoned motor vehicle” does not include: 9
3939 (i) a vehicle or other equipment used or to be used in construction 10
4040 or in the operation or maintenance of highways or public utility facilities, 11
4141 which is left in a manner that does not interfere with the normal movement of 12
4242 traffic; or 13
4343 (ii) a vehicle that is towed from a private tow-away zone. 14
4444 * * * 15
4545 Sec. 2. 23 V.S.A. § 2152 is amended to read: 16
4646 § 2152. AUTHORIZED REMOVAL OF ABANDONED MOTOR 17
4747 VEHICLES 18
4848 (a) Public property. A law enforcement officer is authorized to remove or 19
4949 cause removal of an abandoned motor vehicle from public property, and may 20 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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5353 VT LEG #380255 v.2
5454 contact a towing service for its removal, based upon personal observation by 1
5555 the officer that the vehicle is an abandoned motor vehicle. 2
5656 (b) Private property. 3
5757 (1) A law enforcement officer is authorized to remove or cause removal 4
5858 of an abandoned motor vehicle from private property, and may contact a 5
5959 towing service for its removal, based upon the request of the landowner on 6
6060 whose property the vehicle is located and information indicating that the 7
6161 vehicle is an abandoned motor vehicle. 8
6262 (2) A landowner of private property is authorized to remove or cause 9
6363 removal of an abandoned motor vehicle from that property or to any other 10
6464 place on any property of the landowner, and may contact a towing service for 11
6565 its removal. A landowner who removes or causes removal of an abandoned 12
6666 motor vehicle shall immediately notify the police agency in the jurisdiction 13
6767 from which the vehicle is removed and provide the registration plate number, 14
6868 the public vehicle identification number, if available, and the make, model, and 15
6969 color of the vehicle. The landowner may remove the vehicle from the place 16
7070 where it is discovered to any other place on any property owned by him or her 17
7171 the landowner, or cause the vehicle to be removed by a towing service under 18
7272 the provisions of this subsection, without incurring any civil liability to the 19
7373 owner of the abandoned vehicle. 20 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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7777 VT LEG #380255 v.2
7878 (c) Record of caller. 1
7979 (1) If a towing service is summoned to tow an abandoned motor vehicle 2
8080 by the landowner of private property, the towing service shall record the first 3
8181 name, last name, and telephone number of the individual who summoned it to 4
8282 the scene and the make, model, year, color, vehicle identification number 5
8383 (VIN), and license plate number of the towed vehicle. 6
8484 (2) If a towing company is summoned to tow an abandoned motor 7
8585 vehicle by a law enforcement officer, the towing service shall record the 8
8686 identity of the law enforcement officer and the log number, call number, 9
8787 incident number, or dispatch number assigned to the incident as applicable. 10
8888 (d) Visual documentation. Prior to towing a vehicle under this section, a 11
8989 towing service shall take photographs, video, or other visual documentation to 12
9090 evidence the location of the vehicle and any damages. 13
9191 (e) Record retention and production. 14
9292 (1) The towing service shall maintain a record of the information 15
9393 described in subsections (c) and (d) of this section and shall retain that 16
9494 information for three years from the date on which it tows the vehicle. 17
9595 (2) The towing service shall make the records required to be maintained 18
9696 under subdivision (1) of this subsection available within 48 hours after receipt 19
9797 of a written request from law enforcement or the Department of Motor 20
9898 Vehicles. 21 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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102102 VT LEG #380255 v.2
103103 (f) Storage. The towing service shall properly secure all towed vehicles 1
104104 and make all reasonable efforts to prevent further damage, weather damage, or 2
105105 theft to all towed vehicles, including the vehicle’s cargo and contents. 3
106106 (g) Recovery of personal items. 4
107107 (1) The towing service shall promptly allow the vehicle owner, or with 5
108108 the vehicle owner’s written authorization the vehicle owners’ spouse, child, 6
109109 sibling, or parent, to recover the following personal items from a towed vehicle 7
110110 prior to the payment of charges for the towing and storage of the vehicle: 8
111111 (A) child restraint systems, as defined in 49 C.F.R. § 571.213, or 9
112112 child booster seats; 10
113113 (B) eyeglasses; 11
114114 (C) food; 12
115115 (D) medicine; 13
116116 (E) personal medical and health care devices; 14
117117 (F) hearing aids; 15
118118 (G) perishable property; 16
119119 (H) operator’s licenses or privilege cards; 17
120120 (I) Social Security card or other identifying document; 18
121121 (J) cash, credit cards, checks, or checkbooks; 19 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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125125 VT LEG #380255 v.2
126126 (K) wallet, purse, or other item containing an operator’s license or 1
127127 privilege card, cash, credit card, check, checkbook, Social Security card, 2
128128 identifying document; and 3
129129 (L) higher education textbooks and study materials. 4
130130 (2) The towing service shall promptly allow an individual other than the 5
131131 vehicle owner to recover any of the individual’s personal property from the 6
132132 vehicle if the individual provides adequate proof that the property belongs to 7
133133 the individual. 8
134134 (h) Hearing on vehicle removal. 9
135135 (1) A vehicle owner may file a petition in the Superior Court for the 10
136136 county in which the owner resides or in which the owner’s motor vehicle is 11
137137 located, to: 12
138138 (A) contest whether the owner’s vehicle was an abandoned motor 13
139139 vehicle at the time of its removal pursuant to subsection (a) or (b) of this 14
140140 section; 15
141141 (B) determine the reasonableness of any fees or charges assessed 16
142142 pursuant to section 2155 of this subchapter; 17
143143 (C) seek compensation for any damages to the owner’s vehicle or 18
144144 damage to or loss of personal property in the vehicle; and 19 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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149149 (D) seek relief from any charges or fees related to the towing or 1
150150 storage of the vehicle that were assessed in violation of the provisions of 2
151151 section 2155 of this subchapter. 3
152152 (2) Notice of the hearing shall be provided to the towing service, the 4
153153 municipality if the vehicle was removed from public property, the private 5
154154 property owner if the vehicle was removed from private property, and any 6
155155 known lienholder for the vehicle. 7
156156 (3) The court may award relief as it determines to be appropriate to a 8
157157 vehicle owner who prevails in an action brought under this subsection, 9
158158 including: 10
159159 (A) injunctive relief, including release of the vehicle or a reduction in 11
160160 fees or charges assessed in relation to the removal, towing, or storage of the 12
161161 vehicle; 13
162162 (B) actual damages; 14
163163 (C) costs and reasonable attorney’s fees; and 15
164164 (D) other appropriate relief. 16
165165 Sec. 3. 23 V.S.A. § 2154 is amended to read: 17
166166 § 2154. IDENTIFICATION AND RECLAMATION OF ABANDONED 18
167167 MOTOR VEHICLES 19
168168 (a) The Department shall make a reasonable attempt to locate and provide 20
169169 notice to an owner of an abandoned motor vehicle. 21 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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173173 VT LEG #380255 v.2
174174 (1)(A) If the abandoned motor vehicle is not identifiable by its 1
175175 registration plates or public vehicle identification number, and if the 2
176176 Department shall not more than 10 days after the date of the receipt of the 3
177177 abandoned motor vehicle form publish a notice containing the following 4
178178 information in a newspaper of general circulation in the county where the 5
179179 motor vehicle was abandoned: 6
180180 (i) a description of the vehicle, including the color, year, make, 7
181181 and model; 8
182182 (ii) a statement that if the owner of the vehicle cannot be 9
183183 determined within the time period established pursuant to subdivision (B) of 10
184184 this subdivision (a)(1), the Commissioner will issue a certificate of abandoned 11
185185 motor vehicle with an appropriate title or salvage title; and 12
186186 (iii) information regarding how the towing service storing the 13
187187 vehicle can be contacted to claim the vehicle. 14
188188 (B) If no owner can be determined within 21 days after the date of 15
189189 receipt of the abandoned motor vehicle certification form, the Commissioner 16
190190 shall issue a certificate of abandoned motor vehicle with an appropriate title or 17
191191 salvage title. 18
192192 * * * 19
193193 (3) The Department shall maintain and keep current on its website a list 20
194194 of vehicles for which an application for a certificate of abandoned motor 21 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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198198 VT LEG #380255 v.2
199199 vehicle has been filed and contact information for Department personnel to 1
200200 whom evidence of ownership may be presented under subsection (b) of this 2
201201 section. At a minimum, the list shall include the vehicle’s make; registration 3
202202 plate number or public vehicle identification number, or both if available; 4
203203 model; model year; and the name and contact information of the person who 5
204204 applied for the certificate of abandoned motor vehicle. 6
205205 (b) An owner or lienholder may reclaim an abandoned motor vehicle by 7
206206 presenting to the Department satisfactory evidence of ownership, and paying or 8
207207 reimbursing, or making arrangements to pay or reimburse, the towing agency, 9
208208 the Department, or the landowner, as the case may be, any towing fee or 10
209209 storage charges permitted under section 2155 of this title. 11
210210 Sec. 4. 23 V.S.A. § 2155 is amended to read: 12
211211 § 2155. FEES AND CHARGES 13
212212 (a) Towing fees. For towing an abandoned motor vehicle from private 14
213213 property, a towing service may charge a reasonable fee that is not more than 15
214214 $130.00 or $4.50 per mile towed, whichever is greater, to be paid by the 16
215215 vehicle owner or the landowner of the private property. 17
216216 (b) Storage charges. In addition to any towing fee, an owner or lienholder 18
217217 reclaiming an abandoned motor vehicle may be charged and shall pay a fee for 19
218218 the costs of storage of the vehicle that is not more than $35.00 per day, except 20
219219 that no fee may be charged for storage for any period preceding the date upon 21 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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223223 VT LEG #380255 v.2
224224 which the form for abandoned motor vehicle certification is sent to the 1
225225 Department. 2
226226 Sec. 5. ABANDONED MOTOR VEHICLE S; WORKING GROUP; 3
227227 REPORT 4
228228 (a) Creation. There is created the Abandoned Motor Vehicle Working 5
229229 Group to develop an equitable system for the disposal and sale of unclaimed, 6
230230 abandoned motor vehicles. 7
231231 (b) Membership. The Working Group shall be composed of the following 8
232232 members: 9
233233 (1) the Treasurer or designee; 10
234234 (2) the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles of designee; 11
235235 (3) the Attorney General or designee; 12
236236 (4) a representative of municipal government designated by the Vermont 13
237237 League of Cities and Towns; 14
238238 (5) a representative of municipal law enforcement designated by the 15
239239 Vermont Association of Chiefs of Police; and 16
240240 (6) an individual designated by the Vermont Towing Association to 17
241241 represent the interests of towing service operators. 18
242242 (c) Powers and duties. The Working Group shall study the potential for 19
243243 amending the process for the disposal or sale of unclaimed, abandoned motor 20
244244 vehicles, including the following: 21 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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249249 (1) the benefits and drawbacks of the current procedure set forth in 1
250250 Vermont law for: 2
251251 (A) the removal of abandoned motor vehicles; 3
252252 (B) identification and location of the owner of an abandoned motor 4
253253 vehicle; 5
254254 (C) providing notice to the owner of an abandoned motor vehicle; 6
255255 and 7
256256 (D) disposal or sale of an abandoned motor vehicle if the vehicle’s 8
257257 owner cannot be identified or located or if the vehicle is not claimed; 9
258258 (2) potential changes to the Vermont statutes to improve the process of 10
259259 identifying and locating the owner of an abandoned motor vehicle and 11
260260 providing notice to that owner of the abandoned motor vehicle; 12
261261 (3) a process for disposing of abandoned motor vehicles with sufficient 13
262262 value through public auctions; 14
263263 (4) potential options for the disposal of abandoned motor vehicles that 15
264264 lack sufficient value to be sold at public auction; 16
265265 (5) an equitable process for the distribution of any proceeds from the 17
266266 sale of abandoned motor vehicles at auction, including: 18
267267 (A) payment of charges and fees related to towing and storage of the 19
268268 abandoned motor vehicle; 20
269269 (B) satisfaction of any liens on the abandoned motor vehicle; and 21 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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274274 (C) potential options for providing any remaining amounts to the 1
275275 owner of the abandoned motor vehicle, including the potential for the 2
276276 Unclaimed Property Division in the Office of the Treasurer to provide 3
277277 assistance; and 4
278278 (6) other potential uses for any proceeds from the sale of an abandoned 5
279279 motor vehicle if the owner of the abandoned motor vehicle cannot be identified 6
280280 or located. 7
281281 (d) Assistance. The Working Group shall have the administrative, 8
282282 technical, and legal assistance of the Office of the Treasurer and the technical 9
283283 and legal assistance of the Department of Motor Vehicles. 10
284284 (e) Report. On or before January 15, 2026, the Working Group shall 11
285285 submit a written report to the House and Senate Committees on Transportation 12
286286 with its findings and any recommendations for legislative action. 13
287287 (f) Meetings. 14
288288 (1) The Treasurer or designee shall call the first meeting of the Working 15
289289 Group to occur on or before September 1, 2025. 16
290290 (2) The Treasurer or designee shall be the chair. 17
291291 (3) A majority of the membership shall constitute a quorum. 18
292292 (4) The Working Group shall cease to exist on February 15, 2026. 19
293293 (g) Compensation and reimbursement. Members of the Working Group 20
294294 who are not otherwise compensated for their attendance at meetings shall be 21 BILL AS INTRODUCED H.329
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299299 entitled to per diem compensation and reimbursement of expenses as permitted 1
300300 under 32 V.S.A. § 1010 for not more than four meetings. These payments 2
301301 shall be made from monies appropriated to the Office of the Treasurer. 3
302302 Sec. 6. EFFECTIVE DATES 4
303303 (a) This section and Sec. 5 shall take effect on passage. 5
304304 (b) The remaining sections shall take effect on July 1, 2026. 6