Vermont 2025-2026 Regular Session

Vermont House Bill H0461 Compare Versions

OldNewDifferences
1-BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
2-2025 Page1of15
3-H.461
4-SHORTFORM
5-IntroducedbyRepresentativeKrasnowofSouthBurlington
6-ReferredtoCommitteeon
7-Date:
8-Subject:Labor;employmentpractices;ParentalandFamilyLeaveAct
9-Statementofpurposeofbillasintroduced:Thisbillproposestoexpandaccess
10-tounpaidfamilyandmedicalleaveandprovidejob-protectedleaveforreasons
11-relatedtodomesticviolence,sexualassault,stalking,bereavement,anda
12-qualifyingexigency.
13-Anactrelatingtoexpandingemployeeaccesstounpaidleave
14-ItisherebyenactedbytheGeneralAssemblyoftheStateofVermont:
15-(TEXTOMITTEDINSHORT-FORMBILLS)
16-Sec.1.INTENT
17-ItistheintentoftheGeneralAssemblytoalignVermont’sfamilyleave
18-policieswithinclusiveandequitablestandards,ensuringthatLGBTQ+
19-families,workerswithlowincome,andindividualsinnontraditionalfamily
20-structureshaveequalaccesstocaregivingleavewithoutundueburden.
21-1
22-2
23-3
24-4
25-5
26-6
27-7
28-8
29-9
30-10
31-11
32-12
33-13 BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
34-2025 Page2of15
35-Sec.2.21V.S.A.§471isamendedtoread:
36-§471.DEFINITIONS
37-Asusedinthissubchapter:
38-(1)“Bereavementleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentor
39-self-employmentbyanindividualduetothedeathoftheindividual’sfamily
40-memberthatoccursnotmorethanoneyearafterthefamilymember’sdeath.
41-Bereavementleaveincludesleavetakeninrelationtotheadministrationor
42-settlementofthedeceasedfamilymember’sestate.Leavetakeninrelationto
43-theadministrationorsettlementofthedeceasedfamilymember’sestateshall
44-notoccurmorethanoneyearafterthefamilymember’sdeath.
45-(2)“Domesticpartner”meansanindividualwithwhomtheemployee
46-hasanenduringdomesticrelationshipofaspousalnature,providedthe
47-employeeandthedomesticpartner:
48-(A)havesharedaresidenceforatleastsixconsecutivemonths;
49-(B)areatleast18yearsofage;
50-(C)arenotmarriedtoorconsideredadomesticpartnerofanother
51-individual;
52-(D)arenotrelatedbybloodcloserthanwouldbarmarriageunder
53-Statelaw;and
54-(E)haveagreedbetweenthemselvestoberesponsibleforeach
55-other’swelfare. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
56-2025 Page3of15
57-(3)“Domesticviolence”hasthesamemeaningasin15V.S.A.§1151.
58-(4)“Employer”meansanindividual,organization,orgovernmental
59-body,partnership,association,corporation,legalrepresentative,trustee,
60-receiver,trusteeinbankruptcy,andanycommoncarrierbyrail,motor,water,
61-air,orexpresscompanydoingbusinessinoroperatingwithinthisStatethata
62-personwhoforthepurposesofparentalleave,bereavementleave,safeleave,
63-andleaveforaqualifyingexigencyemploys10ormoreindividualswhoare
64-employedforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweekduringayearandfor
65-thepurposesoffamilyleaveemploys15ormoreindividualsforanaverageof
66-atleast30hoursperweekduringayear.
67-(2)(5)“Employee”meansapersonwho,inconsiderationofdirector
68-indirectgainorprofit,hasbeencontinuouslyemployedbythesameemployer
69-foraperiodofoneyearforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweek.
70-(3)(6)“Familyleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentbyan
71-employeewhoworksforanemployerthatemploys15ormoreindividualswho
72-areemployedforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweekduringtheyearfor
73-oneofthefollowingreasons:
74-(A)theserioushealthconditionoftheemployee;or
75-(B)theserioushealthconditionoftheemployee’schild,stepchildor
76-wardwholiveswiththeemployee,fosterchild,parent,spouse,orparentofthe
77-employee’sspousefamilymember. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
78-2025 Page4of15
79-(7)“Familymember”means:
80-(A)regardlessofage,anemployee’sbiological,adopted,orfoster
81-child;anemployee’sstepchildorlegalward;achildoftheemployee’sspouse
82-orcivilunionordomesticpartner;orachildtowhomtheemployeestandsin
83-locoparentis,regardlessoflegaldocumentation;anindividualtowhomthe
84-employeestoodinlocoparentiswhentheindividualwasunder18yearsof
85-age;oranyindividualforwhomtheemployeeprovidescaregiving
86-responsibilitiessimilartothoseofaparent-childrelationship;
87-(B)(i)aparentofanemployeeoranemployee’sspouseorcivilunion
88-ordomesticpartner,regardlessofwhethertherelationshiptotheemployeeor
89-theemployee’sspouseorcivilunionordomesticpartnerisabiological,foster,
90-adoptive,orsteprelationship;
91-(ii)alegalguardianofanemployeeoremployee’sspouseorcivil
92-unionordomesticpartner;or
93-(iii)apersonwhostandsinlocoparentisfortheemployeeorwho
94-stoodinlocoparentiswhentheemployeeoremployee’sspouseorcivilunion
95-ordomesticpartnerwasunder18yearsofage;
96-(C)apersontowhomtheemployeeislegallymarriedunderthelaws
97-ofanystateoracivilunionordomesticpartnerofanemployee;or
98-(D)agrandparent,grandchild,orsiblingoftheemployeeorthe
99-employee’sspouseorcivilunionordomesticpartner,regardlessofwhetherthe BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
100-2025 Page5of15
101-relationshiptotheemployeeortheemployee’sspouseorcivilunionor
102-domesticpartnerisabiological,foster,adoptive,orsteprelationship.
103-(4)(8)“Healthcareprovider”meansalicensedhealthcareprovideror
104-ahealthcareproviderasdefinedpursuantto29C.F.R.§825.125.
105-(9)“Inlocoparentis”meansarelationshipinwhichanindividualhas
106-day-to-dayresponsibilitiestocareforandsupportachild,regardlessof
107-biologicalorlegalties.Financialsupportisnotarequirementforthis
108-relationship,recognizingcaregivingrolesbeyondtraditionaldefinitions.
109-(5)(10)“Parentalleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentby
110-anemployeewhoworksforanemployerthatemploys10ormoreindividuals
111-whoareemployedforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweekduringtheyear
112-foroneofthefollowingreasons: 
113-(A)thebirthoftheemployee’schildpregnancy;
114-(B)theemployee’srecoveryfromchildbirthormiscarriage;
115-(C)thebirthoftheemployee’schildandtocarefororbondwiththe
116-childwithinoneyearafterthechild’sbirth;or
117-(B)(D)theinitialplacementofachild1618yearsofageoryounger
118-withtheemployeeforthepurposeofadoptionorfostercareandtocareforor
119-bondwiththechildwithinoneyearaftertheplacementforadoptionorfoster
120-care. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
121-2025 Page6of15
122-(11)“Qualifyingexigency”meansaqualifyingexigencyidentified
123-pursuantto29C.F.R.§825.126thatisrelatedtoactivedutyservicebya
124-familymemberintheU.S.ArmedForces.
125-(12)“Safeleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentbyan
126-employeebecause:
127-(A)theemployeeortheemployee’sfamilymemberisavictimor
128-allegedvictimofdomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking;
129-(B)theemployeeisusingleaveforoneofthefollowingreasons
130-relatedtodomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking:
131-(i)toseekorobtainmedicalcare,counseling,orsocialorlegal
132-services,eitherforthemselvesorforafamilymember;
133-(ii)torecoverfrominjuries;
134-(iii)toparticipateinsafetyplanning,eitherforthemselvesorfor
135-afamilymember;
136-(iv)torelocateorsecuresafehousing,eitherforthemselvesorfor
137-afamilymember;
138-(v)tomeetwithaState’sAttorneyorlawenforcementofficer;or
139-(vi)toattendahearingconcerninganorderagainststalkingor
140-sexualassaultpursuantto12V.S.A.§5133,whentheemployeeseekstheorder
141-asaplaintiff;and BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
142-2025 Page7of15
143-(C)theemployeeisnottheperpetratororallegedperpetratorofthe
144-domesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking.
145-(6)(13)“Serioushealthcondition”means:
146-(A)anaccident,illness,injury,disease,orphysicalormental
147-conditionthat:
148-(i)posesimminentdangerofdeath;
149-(ii)requiresinpatientcareinahospital,hospice,orresidential
150-medicalcarefacility;or
151-(iii)requirescontinuingtreatmentbyahealthcareprovider;or
152-(B)rehabilitationfromanaccident,illness,injury,disease,or
153-physicalormentalconditiondescribedinsubdivision(A)ofthissubdivision
154-(6)(13),includingtreatmentforsubstanceusedisorder.
155-(14)“Sexualassault”hasthesamemeaningasin15V.S.A.§1151.
156-(15)“Stalking”hasthesamemeaningasin15V.S.A.§1151.
157-(16)“U.S.ArmedForces”means:
158-(A)theU.S.Army,Navy,AirForce,MarineCorps,SpaceForce,and
159-CoastGuard;
160-(B)areservecomponentoftheU.S.Army,Navy,AirForce,Marine
161-Corps,SpaceForce,andCoastGuard;or
162-(C)theNationalGuardofanystate.
163-Sec.3.21V.S.A.§472isamendedtoread: BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
164-2025 Page8of15
165-§472.LEAVE
166-(a)(1)Duringany12-monthperiod,anemployeeshallbeentitledtotake
167-unpaidleaveforaperiodnottoexceed12weeks:
168-(1)(A)forparentalleave,duringtheemployee’spregnancyand
169-followingthebirthofanemployee’schildorwithinayearfollowingtheinitial
170-placementofachild16yearsofageoryoungerwiththeemployeeforthe
171-purposeofadoption.;
172-(2)(B)forfamilyleave,fortheserioushealthconditionoftheemployee
173-ortheemployee’schild,stepchildorwardoftheemployeewholiveswiththe
174-employee,fosterchild,parent,spouse,orparentoftheemployee’sspouse;
175-(C)forsafeleave;or
176-(D)foraqualifyingexigency.
177-(2)Duringany12-monthperiod,anemployeemayuseuptotwooutof
178-the12weeksofleaveavailablepursuanttosubdivision(1)ofthissubsection
179-forbereavementleave.
180-(b)Duringtheleave,attheemployee’soption,theemployeemayuse
181-accruedsickleaveor,vacationleaveor,anyotheraccruedpaidleave,notto
182-exceedsixweeksorshort-termdisabilityinsurance.Utilizationofaccrued
183-paidleaveorshort-termdisabilityinsuranceshallnotextendtheleave
184-providedpursuanttothissection.
185-*** BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
186-2025 Page9of15
187-(e)(1)Anemployeeshallgivetheemployerreasonablewrittennoticeof
188-intenttotakeleaveunderthissubchaptersection.Noticeshallincludethe
189-datetheleaveisexpectedtocommenceandtheestimateddurationofthe
190-leave.
191-(2)Inthecaseoftheadoptionorbirthofachild,anemployershallnot
192-requirethatnoticebegivenmorethansixweekspriortotheanticipated
193-commencementoftheleave.
194-(3)Inthecaseofanunanticipatedserioushealthcondition,a
195-miscarriage,anunanticipatedneedforsafeleave,aprematurebirth,thedeath
196-ofafamilymember,orashort-noticequalifyingexigency,theemployeeshall
197-givetheemployernoticeofthecommencementoftheleaveassoonas
198-practicable.
199-(4)(A)Inthecaseofaserioushealthconditionoftheemployeeora
200-memberoftheemployee’sfamily,anemployermayrequirecertificationfroma
201-healthcareprovidertoverifytheconditionandtheamountandnecessityfor
202-theleaverequested.
203-(B)Anemployermayrequireanemployeetoprovidedocumentation
204-oftheneedforsafeleave.Anemployeemayprovidedocumentationfromany
205-oneofthefollowingsources:
206-(i)acourtoralawenforcementorothergovernmentagency; BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
207-2025 Page10of15
208-(ii)adomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalkingassistance
209-program;
210-(iii)alegal,clerical,medical,orotherprofessionalfromwhom
211-theemployee,ortheemployee’sfamilymember,receivedcounselingorother
212-assistanceconcerningdomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking;or
213-(iv)aself-attestationbytheemployeedescribingthe
214-circumstancessupportingtheneedforsafeleave;nofurthercorroboration
215-shallberequiredunlessotherwisemandatedbylaw.
216-(C)Anemployermayrequireanemployeetoprovidedocumentation
217-oftheneedforbereavementleave.Anemployeemayprovideanyofthe
218-followingformsofdocumentation:
219-(i)adeathcertificate;
220-(ii)apublishedobituary;or
221-(iii)awrittennoticeorverificationofdeath,burial,ormemorial
222-servicesfromamortuary,funeralhome,burialsociety,crematorium,religious
223-organization,orgovernmentalagency.
224-(D)Anemployermayrequireanemployeetoprovidedocumentation
225-oftheneedforleaveforaqualifyingexigencyassetforthin29C.F.R.
226-§ 825.309. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
227-2025 Page11of15
228-(E)Anemployershallnotdiscloseanyprivatemedicalinformation
229-orinformationrelatingtoasafeleavethattheemployerreceivespursuantto
230-thissubdivision(4)excepttotheextentthedisclosureispermittedbylawand:
231-(i)consentedtobytheemployeeinwriting;
232-(ii)requiredpursuanttoacourtorder;or
233-(iii)requiredpursuanttoStateorfederallaw.
234-(4)(5)Anemployeemayreturnfromleaveearlierthanestimatedupon
235-approvaloftheemployer.
236-(5)(6)Anemployeeshallprovidereasonablenoticetotheemployerof
237-theneedtoextendleavetotheextentprovidedbythissubchapter.
238-(f)Uponreturnfromleavetakenunderthissubchapter,anemployeeshall
239-beofferedthesameorcomparablejobatthesamelevelofcompensation,
240-employmentbenefits,seniority,oranyothertermorconditionofthe
241-employmentexistingonthedayleavebegan.Thissubchaptersubsectionshall
242-notapplyif,priortorequestingleave,theemployeehadbeengivennoticeor
243-hadgivennoticethattheemploymentwouldterminate.Thissubsectionshall
244-notapplyiftheemployercandemonstratebyclearandconvincingevidence
245-that:
246-(1)duringtheperiodofleavetheemployee’sjobwouldhavebeen
247-terminatedortheemployeelaidoffforreasonsunrelatedtotheleaveorthe
248-conditionforwhichtheleavewasgranted;or BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
249-2025 Page12of15
250-(2)theemployeeperformeduniqueservicesandhiringapermanent
251-replacementduringtheleave,aftergivingreasonablenoticetotheemployeeof
252-intenttodoso,wastheonlyalternativeavailabletotheemployertoprevent
253-substantialandgrievouseconomicinjurytotheemployer’soperation.
254-(g)(1)Anemployermayadoptaleavepolicymoregenerousthantheleave
255-policyprovidedbythissubchapter.
256-(2)(A)Nothinginthissubchaptershallbeconstruedtodiminishan
257-employer’sobligationtocomplywithanycollectivebargainingagreementor
258-anyemploymentbenefitprogramorplanthatprovidesgreaterleaverights
259-thantherightsprovidedbythissubchapter.
260-(B)Acollectivebargainingagreementoremploymentbenefit
261-programorplanmaynotdiminishrightsprovidedbythissubchapter.
262-(3)Notwithstandingtheprovisionsofthissubchapter,anemployeemay,
263-atthetimeaneedforparentalorfamilyleavearises,waivesomeorallthe
264-rightsunderthissubchapterprovidedthewaiverisinformedandvoluntary
265-andanychangesinconditionsofemploymentrelatedtoanywaivershallbe
266-mutuallyagreeduponbetweenemployerandemployee.
267-(h)Exceptfortheserioushealthconditionoftheemployeeorsafeleave
268-whentheemployeeisthevictimorallegedvictim,anemployeewhodoesnot
269-returntoemploymentwiththeemployerwhoprovidedtheleaveshallreturnto
270-theemployerthevalueofanycompensationthattheemployerpaidtooron BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
271-2025 Page13of15
272-behalfoftheemployeeduringtheleave,exceptpaymentsforaccruedsick
273-leaveorvacationleave.
274-Sec.4.21V.S.A.§472aisamendedtoread:
275-§472a.SHORT-TERMFAMILYLEAVE
276-(a)Inadditiontotheleaveprovidedinsection472ofthistitle,an
277-employeeshallbeentitledtotakeunpaidleavenottoexceedfourhoursinany
278-30-dayperiodandnottoexceed24hoursinany12-monthperiod.An
279-employermayrequirethatleavebetakeninaminimumoftwo-hoursegments
280-andmaybetakenforanyofthefollowingpurposes:
281-(1)Toparticipateinpreschoolorschoolactivitiesdirectlyrelatedtothe
282-academiceducationaladvancementoftheemployee’schild,stepchild,foster
283-child,orwardwholiveswiththeemployeefamilymember,suchasaparent-
284-teacherconference.
285-(2)Toattendortoaccompanytheemployee’schild,stepchild,foster
286-child,orwardwholiveswiththeemployeeortheemployee’sparent,spouse,
287-orparent-in-lawfamilymembertoroutinemedicalordentalappointments.
288-(3)Toaccompanytheemployee’sparent,spouse,orparent-in-law
289-familymembertootherappointmentsforprofessionalservicesrelatedtotheir
290-careandwell-being. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
291-2025 Page14of15
292-(4)Torespondtoamedicalemergencyinvolvingtheemployee’schild,
293-stepchild,fosterchild,orwardwholiveswiththeemployeeortheemployee’s
294-parent,spouse,orparent-in-lawfamilymember.
295-***
296-Sec.5.21V.S.A.§472cisamendedtoread:
297-§472c.LEAVE;ALLEGEDCRIMEVICTIMS;RELIEFFROM
298-STALKINGORABUSE
299-***
300-(b)Inadditiontotheleaveprovidedinsection472ofthistitle,an
301-employeeshallbeentitledtotakeunpaidleavefromemploymentforthe
302-purposeofattendingadepositionorcourtproceedingrelatedto:
303-***
304-(2)arelieffromabusehearingpursuantto15V.S.A.§1103,whenthe
305-employeeseekstheorderasaplaintiff;or
306-(3)ahearingconcerninganorderagainststalkingorsexualassault
307-pursuantto12V.S.A.§5133,whentheemployeeseekstheorderasplaintiff;
308-or
309-(4)arelieffromabuse,neglect,orexploitationhearingpursuantto
310-33 V.S.A.chapter69,whentheemployeeistheplaintiff.
311-*** BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461
312-2025 Page15of15
313-Sec.6.EFFECTIVEDATE
314-ThisactshalltakeeffectonJuly1,2025.
1+BILL AS INTRODUCED H.461
2+2025 Page 1 of 1
3+
4+
5+VT LEG #381399 v.1
6+H.461 1
7+SHORT FORM 2
8+Introduced by Representative Krasnow of South Burlington 3
9+Referred to Committee on 4
10+Date: 5
11+Subject: Labor; employment practices; Parental and Family Leave Act 6
12+Statement of purpose of bill as introduced: This bill proposes to expand access 7
13+to unpaid family and medical leave and provide job-protected leave for reasons 8
14+related to domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, bereavement, and a 9
15+qualifying exigency. 10
16+An act relating to expanding employee access to unpaid leave 11
17+It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: 12
18+(TEXT OMITTED IN SHORT-FORM BILLS) 13