1 | | - | BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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2 | | - | 2025 Page1of15 |
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3 | | - | H.461 |
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4 | | - | SHORTFORM |
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5 | | - | IntroducedbyRepresentativeKrasnowofSouthBurlington |
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6 | | - | ReferredtoCommitteeon |
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7 | | - | Date: |
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8 | | - | Subject:Labor;employmentpractices;ParentalandFamilyLeaveAct |
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9 | | - | Statementofpurposeofbillasintroduced:Thisbillproposestoexpandaccess |
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10 | | - | tounpaidfamilyandmedicalleaveandprovidejob-protectedleaveforreasons |
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11 | | - | relatedtodomesticviolence,sexualassault,stalking,bereavement,anda |
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12 | | - | qualifyingexigency. |
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13 | | - | Anactrelatingtoexpandingemployeeaccesstounpaidleave |
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14 | | - | ItisherebyenactedbytheGeneralAssemblyoftheStateofVermont: |
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15 | | - | (TEXTOMITTEDINSHORT-FORMBILLS) |
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16 | | - | Sec.1.INTENT |
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17 | | - | ItistheintentoftheGeneralAssemblytoalignVermont’sfamilyleave |
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18 | | - | policieswithinclusiveandequitablestandards,ensuringthatLGBTQ+ |
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19 | | - | families,workerswithlowincome,andindividualsinnontraditionalfamily |
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20 | | - | structureshaveequalaccesstocaregivingleavewithoutundueburden. |
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33 | | - | 13 BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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34 | | - | 2025 Page2of15 |
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35 | | - | Sec.2.21V.S.A.§471isamendedtoread: |
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36 | | - | §471.DEFINITIONS |
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37 | | - | Asusedinthissubchapter: |
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38 | | - | (1)“Bereavementleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentor |
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39 | | - | self-employmentbyanindividualduetothedeathoftheindividual’sfamily |
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40 | | - | memberthatoccursnotmorethanoneyearafterthefamilymember’sdeath. |
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41 | | - | Bereavementleaveincludesleavetakeninrelationtotheadministrationor |
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42 | | - | settlementofthedeceasedfamilymember’sestate.Leavetakeninrelationto |
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43 | | - | theadministrationorsettlementofthedeceasedfamilymember’sestateshall |
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44 | | - | notoccurmorethanoneyearafterthefamilymember’sdeath. |
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45 | | - | (2)“Domesticpartner”meansanindividualwithwhomtheemployee |
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46 | | - | hasanenduringdomesticrelationshipofaspousalnature,providedthe |
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47 | | - | employeeandthedomesticpartner: |
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48 | | - | (A)havesharedaresidenceforatleastsixconsecutivemonths; |
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49 | | - | (B)areatleast18yearsofage; |
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50 | | - | (C)arenotmarriedtoorconsideredadomesticpartnerofanother |
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51 | | - | individual; |
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52 | | - | (D)arenotrelatedbybloodcloserthanwouldbarmarriageunder |
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53 | | - | Statelaw;and |
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54 | | - | (E)haveagreedbetweenthemselvestoberesponsibleforeach |
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55 | | - | other’swelfare. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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56 | | - | 2025 Page3of15 |
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57 | | - | (3)“Domesticviolence”hasthesamemeaningasin15V.S.A.§1151. |
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58 | | - | (4)“Employer”meansanindividual,organization,orgovernmental |
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59 | | - | body,partnership,association,corporation,legalrepresentative,trustee, |
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60 | | - | receiver,trusteeinbankruptcy,andanycommoncarrierbyrail,motor,water, |
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61 | | - | air,orexpresscompanydoingbusinessinoroperatingwithinthisStatethata |
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62 | | - | personwhoforthepurposesofparentalleave,bereavementleave,safeleave, |
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63 | | - | andleaveforaqualifyingexigencyemploys10ormoreindividualswhoare |
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64 | | - | employedforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweekduringayearandfor |
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65 | | - | thepurposesoffamilyleaveemploys15ormoreindividualsforanaverageof |
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66 | | - | atleast30hoursperweekduringayear. |
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67 | | - | (2)(5)“Employee”meansapersonwho,inconsiderationofdirector |
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68 | | - | indirectgainorprofit,hasbeencontinuouslyemployedbythesameemployer |
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69 | | - | foraperiodofoneyearforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweek. |
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70 | | - | (3)(6)“Familyleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentbyan |
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71 | | - | employeewhoworksforanemployerthatemploys15ormoreindividualswho |
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72 | | - | areemployedforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweekduringtheyearfor |
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73 | | - | oneofthefollowingreasons: |
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74 | | - | (A)theserioushealthconditionoftheemployee;or |
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75 | | - | (B)theserioushealthconditionoftheemployee’schild,stepchildor |
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76 | | - | wardwholiveswiththeemployee,fosterchild,parent,spouse,orparentofthe |
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77 | | - | employee’sspousefamilymember. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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78 | | - | 2025 Page4of15 |
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79 | | - | (7)“Familymember”means: |
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80 | | - | (A)regardlessofage,anemployee’sbiological,adopted,orfoster |
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81 | | - | child;anemployee’sstepchildorlegalward;achildoftheemployee’sspouse |
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82 | | - | orcivilunionordomesticpartner;orachildtowhomtheemployeestandsin |
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83 | | - | locoparentis,regardlessoflegaldocumentation;anindividualtowhomthe |
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84 | | - | employeestoodinlocoparentiswhentheindividualwasunder18yearsof |
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85 | | - | age;oranyindividualforwhomtheemployeeprovidescaregiving |
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86 | | - | responsibilitiessimilartothoseofaparent-childrelationship; |
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87 | | - | (B)(i)aparentofanemployeeoranemployee’sspouseorcivilunion |
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88 | | - | ordomesticpartner,regardlessofwhethertherelationshiptotheemployeeor |
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89 | | - | theemployee’sspouseorcivilunionordomesticpartnerisabiological,foster, |
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90 | | - | adoptive,orsteprelationship; |
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91 | | - | (ii)alegalguardianofanemployeeoremployee’sspouseorcivil |
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92 | | - | unionordomesticpartner;or |
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93 | | - | (iii)apersonwhostandsinlocoparentisfortheemployeeorwho |
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94 | | - | stoodinlocoparentiswhentheemployeeoremployee’sspouseorcivilunion |
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95 | | - | ordomesticpartnerwasunder18yearsofage; |
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96 | | - | (C)apersontowhomtheemployeeislegallymarriedunderthelaws |
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97 | | - | ofanystateoracivilunionordomesticpartnerofanemployee;or |
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98 | | - | (D)agrandparent,grandchild,orsiblingoftheemployeeorthe |
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99 | | - | employee’sspouseorcivilunionordomesticpartner,regardlessofwhetherthe BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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100 | | - | 2025 Page5of15 |
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101 | | - | relationshiptotheemployeeortheemployee’sspouseorcivilunionor |
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102 | | - | domesticpartnerisabiological,foster,adoptive,orsteprelationship. |
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103 | | - | (4)(8)“Healthcareprovider”meansalicensedhealthcareprovideror |
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104 | | - | ahealthcareproviderasdefinedpursuantto29C.F.R.§825.125. |
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105 | | - | (9)“Inlocoparentis”meansarelationshipinwhichanindividualhas |
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106 | | - | day-to-dayresponsibilitiestocareforandsupportachild,regardlessof |
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107 | | - | biologicalorlegalties.Financialsupportisnotarequirementforthis |
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108 | | - | relationship,recognizingcaregivingrolesbeyondtraditionaldefinitions. |
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109 | | - | (5)(10)“Parentalleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentby |
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110 | | - | anemployeewhoworksforanemployerthatemploys10ormoreindividuals |
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111 | | - | whoareemployedforanaverageofatleast30hoursperweekduringtheyear |
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112 | | - | foroneofthefollowingreasons: |
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113 | | - | (A)thebirthoftheemployee’schildpregnancy; |
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114 | | - | (B)theemployee’srecoveryfromchildbirthormiscarriage; |
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115 | | - | (C)thebirthoftheemployee’schildandtocarefororbondwiththe |
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116 | | - | childwithinoneyearafterthechild’sbirth;or |
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117 | | - | (B)(D)theinitialplacementofachild1618yearsofageoryounger |
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118 | | - | withtheemployeeforthepurposeofadoptionorfostercareandtocareforor |
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119 | | - | bondwiththechildwithinoneyearaftertheplacementforadoptionorfoster |
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120 | | - | care. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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121 | | - | 2025 Page6of15 |
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122 | | - | (11)“Qualifyingexigency”meansaqualifyingexigencyidentified |
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123 | | - | pursuantto29C.F.R.§825.126thatisrelatedtoactivedutyservicebya |
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124 | | - | familymemberintheU.S.ArmedForces. |
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125 | | - | (12)“Safeleave”meansaleaveofabsencefromemploymentbyan |
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126 | | - | employeebecause: |
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127 | | - | (A)theemployeeortheemployee’sfamilymemberisavictimor |
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128 | | - | allegedvictimofdomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking; |
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129 | | - | (B)theemployeeisusingleaveforoneofthefollowingreasons |
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130 | | - | relatedtodomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking: |
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131 | | - | (i)toseekorobtainmedicalcare,counseling,orsocialorlegal |
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132 | | - | services,eitherforthemselvesorforafamilymember; |
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133 | | - | (ii)torecoverfrominjuries; |
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134 | | - | (iii)toparticipateinsafetyplanning,eitherforthemselvesorfor |
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135 | | - | afamilymember; |
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136 | | - | (iv)torelocateorsecuresafehousing,eitherforthemselvesorfor |
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137 | | - | afamilymember; |
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138 | | - | (v)tomeetwithaState’sAttorneyorlawenforcementofficer;or |
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139 | | - | (vi)toattendahearingconcerninganorderagainststalkingor |
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140 | | - | sexualassaultpursuantto12V.S.A.§5133,whentheemployeeseekstheorder |
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141 | | - | asaplaintiff;and BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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142 | | - | 2025 Page7of15 |
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143 | | - | (C)theemployeeisnottheperpetratororallegedperpetratorofthe |
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144 | | - | domesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking. |
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145 | | - | (6)(13)“Serioushealthcondition”means: |
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146 | | - | (A)anaccident,illness,injury,disease,orphysicalormental |
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147 | | - | conditionthat: |
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148 | | - | (i)posesimminentdangerofdeath; |
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149 | | - | (ii)requiresinpatientcareinahospital,hospice,orresidential |
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150 | | - | medicalcarefacility;or |
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151 | | - | (iii)requirescontinuingtreatmentbyahealthcareprovider;or |
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152 | | - | (B)rehabilitationfromanaccident,illness,injury,disease,or |
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153 | | - | physicalormentalconditiondescribedinsubdivision(A)ofthissubdivision |
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154 | | - | (6)(13),includingtreatmentforsubstanceusedisorder. |
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155 | | - | (14)“Sexualassault”hasthesamemeaningasin15V.S.A.§1151. |
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156 | | - | (15)“Stalking”hasthesamemeaningasin15V.S.A.§1151. |
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157 | | - | (16)“U.S.ArmedForces”means: |
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158 | | - | (A)theU.S.Army,Navy,AirForce,MarineCorps,SpaceForce,and |
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159 | | - | CoastGuard; |
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160 | | - | (B)areservecomponentoftheU.S.Army,Navy,AirForce,Marine |
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161 | | - | Corps,SpaceForce,andCoastGuard;or |
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162 | | - | (C)theNationalGuardofanystate. |
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163 | | - | Sec.3.21V.S.A.§472isamendedtoread: BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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164 | | - | 2025 Page8of15 |
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165 | | - | §472.LEAVE |
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166 | | - | (a)(1)Duringany12-monthperiod,anemployeeshallbeentitledtotake |
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167 | | - | unpaidleaveforaperiodnottoexceed12weeks: |
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168 | | - | (1)(A)forparentalleave,duringtheemployee’spregnancyand |
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169 | | - | followingthebirthofanemployee’schildorwithinayearfollowingtheinitial |
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170 | | - | placementofachild16yearsofageoryoungerwiththeemployeeforthe |
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171 | | - | purposeofadoption.; |
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172 | | - | (2)(B)forfamilyleave,fortheserioushealthconditionoftheemployee |
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173 | | - | ortheemployee’schild,stepchildorwardoftheemployeewholiveswiththe |
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174 | | - | employee,fosterchild,parent,spouse,orparentoftheemployee’sspouse; |
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175 | | - | (C)forsafeleave;or |
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176 | | - | (D)foraqualifyingexigency. |
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177 | | - | (2)Duringany12-monthperiod,anemployeemayuseuptotwooutof |
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178 | | - | the12weeksofleaveavailablepursuanttosubdivision(1)ofthissubsection |
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179 | | - | forbereavementleave. |
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180 | | - | (b)Duringtheleave,attheemployee’soption,theemployeemayuse |
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181 | | - | accruedsickleaveor,vacationleaveor,anyotheraccruedpaidleave,notto |
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182 | | - | exceedsixweeksorshort-termdisabilityinsurance.Utilizationofaccrued |
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183 | | - | paidleaveorshort-termdisabilityinsuranceshallnotextendtheleave |
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184 | | - | providedpursuanttothissection. |
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185 | | - | *** BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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186 | | - | 2025 Page9of15 |
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187 | | - | (e)(1)Anemployeeshallgivetheemployerreasonablewrittennoticeof |
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188 | | - | intenttotakeleaveunderthissubchaptersection.Noticeshallincludethe |
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189 | | - | datetheleaveisexpectedtocommenceandtheestimateddurationofthe |
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190 | | - | leave. |
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191 | | - | (2)Inthecaseoftheadoptionorbirthofachild,anemployershallnot |
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192 | | - | requirethatnoticebegivenmorethansixweekspriortotheanticipated |
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193 | | - | commencementoftheleave. |
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194 | | - | (3)Inthecaseofanunanticipatedserioushealthcondition,a |
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195 | | - | miscarriage,anunanticipatedneedforsafeleave,aprematurebirth,thedeath |
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196 | | - | ofafamilymember,orashort-noticequalifyingexigency,theemployeeshall |
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197 | | - | givetheemployernoticeofthecommencementoftheleaveassoonas |
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198 | | - | practicable. |
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199 | | - | (4)(A)Inthecaseofaserioushealthconditionoftheemployeeora |
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200 | | - | memberoftheemployee’sfamily,anemployermayrequirecertificationfroma |
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201 | | - | healthcareprovidertoverifytheconditionandtheamountandnecessityfor |
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202 | | - | theleaverequested. |
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203 | | - | (B)Anemployermayrequireanemployeetoprovidedocumentation |
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204 | | - | oftheneedforsafeleave.Anemployeemayprovidedocumentationfromany |
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205 | | - | oneofthefollowingsources: |
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206 | | - | (i)acourtoralawenforcementorothergovernmentagency; BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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207 | | - | 2025 Page10of15 |
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208 | | - | (ii)adomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalkingassistance |
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209 | | - | program; |
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210 | | - | (iii)alegal,clerical,medical,orotherprofessionalfromwhom |
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211 | | - | theemployee,ortheemployee’sfamilymember,receivedcounselingorother |
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212 | | - | assistanceconcerningdomesticviolence,sexualassault,orstalking;or |
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213 | | - | (iv)aself-attestationbytheemployeedescribingthe |
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214 | | - | circumstancessupportingtheneedforsafeleave;nofurthercorroboration |
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215 | | - | shallberequiredunlessotherwisemandatedbylaw. |
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216 | | - | (C)Anemployermayrequireanemployeetoprovidedocumentation |
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217 | | - | oftheneedforbereavementleave.Anemployeemayprovideanyofthe |
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218 | | - | followingformsofdocumentation: |
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219 | | - | (i)adeathcertificate; |
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220 | | - | (ii)apublishedobituary;or |
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221 | | - | (iii)awrittennoticeorverificationofdeath,burial,ormemorial |
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222 | | - | servicesfromamortuary,funeralhome,burialsociety,crematorium,religious |
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223 | | - | organization,orgovernmentalagency. |
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224 | | - | (D)Anemployermayrequireanemployeetoprovidedocumentation |
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225 | | - | oftheneedforleaveforaqualifyingexigencyassetforthin29C.F.R. |
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226 | | - | § 825.309. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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227 | | - | 2025 Page11of15 |
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228 | | - | (E)Anemployershallnotdiscloseanyprivatemedicalinformation |
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229 | | - | orinformationrelatingtoasafeleavethattheemployerreceivespursuantto |
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230 | | - | thissubdivision(4)excepttotheextentthedisclosureispermittedbylawand: |
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231 | | - | (i)consentedtobytheemployeeinwriting; |
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232 | | - | (ii)requiredpursuanttoacourtorder;or |
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233 | | - | (iii)requiredpursuanttoStateorfederallaw. |
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234 | | - | (4)(5)Anemployeemayreturnfromleaveearlierthanestimatedupon |
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235 | | - | approvaloftheemployer. |
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236 | | - | (5)(6)Anemployeeshallprovidereasonablenoticetotheemployerof |
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237 | | - | theneedtoextendleavetotheextentprovidedbythissubchapter. |
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238 | | - | (f)Uponreturnfromleavetakenunderthissubchapter,anemployeeshall |
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239 | | - | beofferedthesameorcomparablejobatthesamelevelofcompensation, |
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240 | | - | employmentbenefits,seniority,oranyothertermorconditionofthe |
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241 | | - | employmentexistingonthedayleavebegan.Thissubchaptersubsectionshall |
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242 | | - | notapplyif,priortorequestingleave,theemployeehadbeengivennoticeor |
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243 | | - | hadgivennoticethattheemploymentwouldterminate.Thissubsectionshall |
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244 | | - | notapplyiftheemployercandemonstratebyclearandconvincingevidence |
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245 | | - | that: |
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246 | | - | (1)duringtheperiodofleavetheemployee’sjobwouldhavebeen |
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247 | | - | terminatedortheemployeelaidoffforreasonsunrelatedtotheleaveorthe |
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248 | | - | conditionforwhichtheleavewasgranted;or BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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249 | | - | 2025 Page12of15 |
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250 | | - | (2)theemployeeperformeduniqueservicesandhiringapermanent |
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251 | | - | replacementduringtheleave,aftergivingreasonablenoticetotheemployeeof |
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252 | | - | intenttodoso,wastheonlyalternativeavailabletotheemployertoprevent |
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253 | | - | substantialandgrievouseconomicinjurytotheemployer’soperation. |
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254 | | - | (g)(1)Anemployermayadoptaleavepolicymoregenerousthantheleave |
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255 | | - | policyprovidedbythissubchapter. |
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256 | | - | (2)(A)Nothinginthissubchaptershallbeconstruedtodiminishan |
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257 | | - | employer’sobligationtocomplywithanycollectivebargainingagreementor |
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258 | | - | anyemploymentbenefitprogramorplanthatprovidesgreaterleaverights |
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259 | | - | thantherightsprovidedbythissubchapter. |
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260 | | - | (B)Acollectivebargainingagreementoremploymentbenefit |
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261 | | - | programorplanmaynotdiminishrightsprovidedbythissubchapter. |
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262 | | - | (3)Notwithstandingtheprovisionsofthissubchapter,anemployeemay, |
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263 | | - | atthetimeaneedforparentalorfamilyleavearises,waivesomeorallthe |
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264 | | - | rightsunderthissubchapterprovidedthewaiverisinformedandvoluntary |
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265 | | - | andanychangesinconditionsofemploymentrelatedtoanywaivershallbe |
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266 | | - | mutuallyagreeduponbetweenemployerandemployee. |
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267 | | - | (h)Exceptfortheserioushealthconditionoftheemployeeorsafeleave |
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268 | | - | whentheemployeeisthevictimorallegedvictim,anemployeewhodoesnot |
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269 | | - | returntoemploymentwiththeemployerwhoprovidedtheleaveshallreturnto |
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270 | | - | theemployerthevalueofanycompensationthattheemployerpaidtooron BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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271 | | - | 2025 Page13of15 |
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272 | | - | behalfoftheemployeeduringtheleave,exceptpaymentsforaccruedsick |
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273 | | - | leaveorvacationleave. |
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274 | | - | Sec.4.21V.S.A.§472aisamendedtoread: |
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275 | | - | §472a.SHORT-TERMFAMILYLEAVE |
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276 | | - | (a)Inadditiontotheleaveprovidedinsection472ofthistitle,an |
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277 | | - | employeeshallbeentitledtotakeunpaidleavenottoexceedfourhoursinany |
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278 | | - | 30-dayperiodandnottoexceed24hoursinany12-monthperiod.An |
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279 | | - | employermayrequirethatleavebetakeninaminimumoftwo-hoursegments |
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280 | | - | andmaybetakenforanyofthefollowingpurposes: |
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281 | | - | (1)Toparticipateinpreschoolorschoolactivitiesdirectlyrelatedtothe |
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282 | | - | academiceducationaladvancementoftheemployee’schild,stepchild,foster |
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283 | | - | child,orwardwholiveswiththeemployeefamilymember,suchasaparent- |
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284 | | - | teacherconference. |
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285 | | - | (2)Toattendortoaccompanytheemployee’schild,stepchild,foster |
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286 | | - | child,orwardwholiveswiththeemployeeortheemployee’sparent,spouse, |
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287 | | - | orparent-in-lawfamilymembertoroutinemedicalordentalappointments. |
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288 | | - | (3)Toaccompanytheemployee’sparent,spouse,orparent-in-law |
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289 | | - | familymembertootherappointmentsforprofessionalservicesrelatedtotheir |
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290 | | - | careandwell-being. BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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291 | | - | 2025 Page14of15 |
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292 | | - | (4)Torespondtoamedicalemergencyinvolvingtheemployee’schild, |
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293 | | - | stepchild,fosterchild,orwardwholiveswiththeemployeeortheemployee’s |
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294 | | - | parent,spouse,orparent-in-lawfamilymember. |
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295 | | - | *** |
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296 | | - | Sec.5.21V.S.A.§472cisamendedtoread: |
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297 | | - | §472c.LEAVE;ALLEGEDCRIMEVICTIMS;RELIEFFROM |
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298 | | - | STALKINGORABUSE |
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299 | | - | *** |
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300 | | - | (b)Inadditiontotheleaveprovidedinsection472ofthistitle,an |
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301 | | - | employeeshallbeentitledtotakeunpaidleavefromemploymentforthe |
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302 | | - | purposeofattendingadepositionorcourtproceedingrelatedto: |
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303 | | - | *** |
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304 | | - | (2)arelieffromabusehearingpursuantto15V.S.A.§1103,whenthe |
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305 | | - | employeeseekstheorderasaplaintiff;or |
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306 | | - | (3)ahearingconcerninganorderagainststalkingorsexualassault |
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307 | | - | pursuantto12V.S.A.§5133,whentheemployeeseekstheorderasplaintiff; |
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308 | | - | or |
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309 | | - | (4)arelieffromabuse,neglect,orexploitationhearingpursuantto |
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310 | | - | 33 V.S.A.chapter69,whentheemployeeistheplaintiff. |
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311 | | - | *** BILLASPASSEDBYTHEHOUSE H.461 |
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312 | | - | 2025 Page15of15 |
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313 | | - | Sec.6.EFFECTIVEDATE |
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314 | | - | ThisactshalltakeeffectonJuly1,2025. |
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| 1 | + | BILL AS INTRODUCED H.461 |
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| 2 | + | 2025 Page 1 of 1 |
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| 3 | + | |
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| 4 | + | |
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| 5 | + | VT LEG #381399 v.1 |
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| 6 | + | H.461 1 |
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| 7 | + | SHORT FORM 2 |
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| 8 | + | Introduced by Representative Krasnow of South Burlington 3 |
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| 9 | + | Referred to Committee on 4 |
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| 10 | + | Date: 5 |
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| 11 | + | Subject: Labor; employment practices; Parental and Family Leave Act 6 |
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| 12 | + | Statement of purpose of bill as introduced: This bill proposes to expand access 7 |
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| 13 | + | to unpaid family and medical leave and provide job-protected leave for reasons 8 |
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| 14 | + | related to domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, bereavement, and a 9 |
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| 15 | + | qualifying exigency. 10 |
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| 16 | + | An act relating to expanding employee access to unpaid leave 11 |
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| 17 | + | It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: 12 |
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| 18 | + | (TEXT OMITTED IN SHORT-FORM BILLS) 13 |
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