| 1 | 1 | | 2025 |
|---|
| 2 | 2 | | STATE OF WYOMING |
|---|
| 3 | 3 | | 25LSO-06011HB0308 |
|---|
| 4 | 4 | | HOUSE BILL NO. HB0308 |
|---|
| 5 | 5 | | Cryptographic Frontiers Act. |
|---|
| 6 | 6 | | Sponsored by: Representative(s) Singh, Filer, Wasserburger |
|---|
| 7 | 7 | | and Yin |
|---|
| 8 | 8 | | A BILL |
|---|
| 9 | 9 | | for |
|---|
| 10 | 10 | | 1 AN ACT relating to trade and commerce; requiring the |
|---|
| 11 | 11 | | 2 attorney general to investigate specified federal overreach |
|---|
| 12 | 12 | | 3 involving blockchain or cryptocurrency related actions |
|---|
| 13 | 13 | | 4 reported by Wyoming residents; authorizing the attorney |
|---|
| 14 | 14 | | 5 general to file or intervene in lawsuits as specified; |
|---|
| 15 | 15 | | 6 providing definitions; and providing for an effective date. |
|---|
| 16 | 16 | | 7 |
|---|
| 17 | 17 | | 8 |
|---|
| 18 | 18 | | 9 |
|---|
| 19 | 19 | | 10. W.S. 40-32-101 through 40-32-103 is |
|---|
| 20 | 20 | | 11 created to read: |
|---|
| 21 | 21 | | 12 |
|---|
| 22 | 22 | | 13 CHAPTER 32 |
|---|
| 23 | 23 | | 14 CRYPTOGRAPHIC FRONTIERS ACT |
|---|
| 24 | 24 | | 15 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06012HB03081 |
|---|
| 25 | 25 | | 2 |
|---|
| 26 | 26 | | 3 This act shall be known and may be cited as the |
|---|
| 27 | 27 | | 4 "Cryptographic Frontiers Act". |
|---|
| 28 | 28 | | 5 |
|---|
| 29 | 29 | | 6 |
|---|
| 30 | 30 | | 7 |
|---|
| 31 | 31 | | 8 (a) As used in this act unless the context otherwise |
|---|
| 32 | 32 | | 9 requires: |
|---|
| 33 | 33 | | 10 |
|---|
| 34 | 34 | | 11 (i) "0x Addresses" means a human readable |
|---|
| 35 | 35 | | 12 representation of bytes providing an address to locate |
|---|
| 36 | 36 | | 13 blockchain transactions, CID's, wallet addresses, tokens or |
|---|
| 37 | 37 | | 14 other blockchain related constructs; |
|---|
| 38 | 38 | | 15 |
|---|
| 39 | 39 | | 16 (ii) "Ascription" means to cryptographically |
|---|
| 40 | 40 | | 17 sign a blockchain transaction (or similar analog), CID or |
|---|
| 41 | 41 | | 18 protocol with special attributes disambiguating 0x |
|---|
| 42 | 42 | | 19 Addresses of different blockchains and blockchain |
|---|
| 43 | 43 | | 20 transactions; |
|---|
| 44 | 44 | | 21 |
|---|
| 45 | 45 | | 22 (iii) "Blockchain" means as defined in W.S. |
|---|
| 46 | 46 | | 23 34-29-106(g); 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06013HB0308 |
|---|
| 47 | 47 | | 1 |
|---|
| 48 | 48 | | 2 (iv) "Blockchain transaction" means a unit of |
|---|
| 49 | 49 | | 3 information in the form of a protocol inserted into a |
|---|
| 50 | 50 | | 4 blockchain block or similar analog; |
|---|
| 51 | 51 | | 5 |
|---|
| 52 | 52 | | 6 (v) "By application" means initially by web |
|---|
| 53 | 53 | | 7 application then by ascription and seal pending |
|---|
| 54 | 54 | | 8 implementation constraints; |
|---|
| 55 | 55 | | 9 |
|---|
| 56 | 56 | | 10 (vi) "Content identifier" or "CID" means a |
|---|
| 57 | 57 | | 11 cryptographic hash-based reference to digital content; |
|---|
| 58 | 58 | | 12 |
|---|
| 59 | 59 | | 13 (vii) "Cryptocurrency" means a type of digital |
|---|
| 60 | 60 | | 14 asset that operates on its own native blockchain; |
|---|
| 61 | 61 | | 15 |
|---|
| 62 | 62 | | 16 (viii) "Cryptographically sign" means the |
|---|
| 63 | 63 | | 17 signing of a message, record, CID, blockchain transaction |
|---|
| 64 | 64 | | 18 or similar analog or any other information using private |
|---|
| 65 | 65 | | 19 keys; |
|---|
| 66 | 66 | | 20 |
|---|
| 67 | 67 | | 21 (ix) "Cryptographically signing a blockchain |
|---|
| 68 | 68 | | 22 transaction" means signing information in the form of a |
|---|
| 69 | 69 | | 23 protocol along with a timestamp inserted into a blockchain 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06014HB0308 |
|---|
| 70 | 70 | | 1 transaction through the processes of cryptographic signing |
|---|
| 71 | 71 | | 2 using a public key infrastructure or other cryptographic |
|---|
| 72 | 72 | | 3 proofs algorithm; |
|---|
| 73 | 73 | | 4 |
|---|
| 74 | 74 | | 5 (x) "Private key" means as defined in W.S. |
|---|
| 75 | 75 | | 6 34-29-101(a)(v); |
|---|
| 76 | 76 | | 7 |
|---|
| 77 | 77 | | 8 (xi) "Token" means a cryptographically signed |
|---|
| 78 | 78 | | 9 protocol of a mathematical curve having starting and ending |
|---|
| 79 | 79 | | 10 values or metrics defining relationships of one (1) or more |
|---|
| 80 | 80 | | 11 metrics. |
|---|
| 81 | 81 | | 12 |
|---|
| 82 | 82 | | 13 |
|---|
| 83 | 83 | | 14 |
|---|
| 84 | 84 | | 15 |
|---|
| 85 | 85 | | 16 (a) The attorney general shall investigate claims by |
|---|
| 86 | 86 | | 17 Wyoming residents or businesses of constitutional |
|---|
| 87 | 87 | | 18 violations or overreach by the federal government in each |
|---|
| 88 | 88 | | 19 of the following areas: |
|---|
| 89 | 89 | | 20 |
|---|
| 90 | 90 | | 21 (i) Unlawful financial service disruptions |
|---|
| 91 | 91 | | 22 including: |
|---|
| 92 | 92 | | 23 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06015HB03081 (A) Debanking of Wyoming residents; |
|---|
| 93 | 93 | | 2 |
|---|
| 94 | 94 | | 3 (B) Interference with special purpose |
|---|
| 95 | 95 | | 4 depository institution's bank and master account access; |
|---|
| 96 | 96 | | 5 |
|---|
| 97 | 97 | | 6 (C) Restrictions on stable coin usage. |
|---|
| 98 | 98 | | 7 |
|---|
| 99 | 99 | | 8 (ii) Unlawful restrictions on the exercise of |
|---|
| 100 | 100 | | 9 free expression made through: |
|---|
| 101 | 101 | | 10 |
|---|
| 102 | 102 | | 11 (A) Cryptocurrency, token or blockchain |
|---|
| 103 | 103 | | 12 transactions; |
|---|
| 104 | 104 | | 13 |
|---|
| 105 | 105 | | 14 (B) Testing and simulation activities |
|---|
| 106 | 106 | | 15 including the use of testnets; |
|---|
| 107 | 107 | | 16 |
|---|
| 108 | 108 | | 17 (C) Cryptographic signing of blockchain |
|---|
| 109 | 109 | | 18 transactions; |
|---|
| 110 | 110 | | 19 |
|---|
| 111 | 111 | | 20 (D) Smart contract deployment; |
|---|
| 112 | 112 | | 21 |
|---|
| 113 | 113 | | 22 (E) CID creation and cryptographic signing; |
|---|
| 114 | 114 | | 23 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06016HB03081 (F) On-chain governance; |
|---|
| 115 | 115 | | 2 |
|---|
| 116 | 116 | | 3 (G) Tokenized voting systems; |
|---|
| 117 | 117 | | 4 |
|---|
| 118 | 118 | | 5 (H) Decentralized governance mechanisms; |
|---|
| 119 | 119 | | 6 |
|---|
| 120 | 120 | | 7 (J) Access to financial services when |
|---|
| 121 | 121 | | 8 exercising any of the protected expressions under this |
|---|
| 122 | 122 | | 9 paragraph. |
|---|
| 123 | 123 | | 10 |
|---|
| 124 | 124 | | 11 (iii) Unreasonable searches or seizures of: |
|---|
| 125 | 125 | | 12 |
|---|
| 126 | 126 | | 13 (A) Private keys; |
|---|
| 127 | 127 | | 14 |
|---|
| 128 | 128 | | 15 (B) Digital assets; |
|---|
| 129 | 129 | | 16 |
|---|
| 130 | 130 | | 17 (C) Cryptographically signed data; |
|---|
| 131 | 131 | | 18 |
|---|
| 132 | 132 | | 19 (D) Blockchain transactions; |
|---|
| 133 | 133 | | 20 |
|---|
| 134 | 134 | | 21 (E) Cryptographically signed or ascribed |
|---|
| 135 | 135 | | 22 data, including blockchain transactions, smart contracts, 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06017HB0308 |
|---|
| 136 | 136 | | 1 CID's or other similar analog representations of |
|---|
| 137 | 137 | | 2 information, data or records. |
|---|
| 138 | 138 | | 3 |
|---|
| 139 | 139 | | 4 (iv) Unlawful federal actions compelling |
|---|
| 140 | 140 | | 5 disclosure or production of: |
|---|
| 141 | 141 | | 6 |
|---|
| 142 | 142 | | 7 (A) Private keys; |
|---|
| 143 | 143 | | 8 |
|---|
| 144 | 144 | | 9 (B) Seed phrases; |
|---|
| 145 | 145 | | 10 |
|---|
| 146 | 146 | | 11 (C) Cryptographic secrets; |
|---|
| 147 | 147 | | 12 |
|---|
| 148 | 148 | | 13 (D) Transaction histories; |
|---|
| 149 | 149 | | 14 |
|---|
| 150 | 150 | | 15 (E) Wallet contents; |
|---|
| 151 | 151 | | 16 |
|---|
| 152 | 152 | | 17 (F) Self-incriminating digital asset |
|---|
| 153 | 153 | | 18 information; |
|---|
| 154 | 154 | | 19 |
|---|
| 155 | 155 | | 20 (G) Digital asset forfeitures; |
|---|
| 156 | 156 | | 21 |
|---|
| 157 | 157 | | 22 (H) Cryptocurrency seizures; |
|---|
| 158 | 158 | | 23 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06018HB03081 (J) Blockchain-based activity regulation. |
|---|
| 159 | 159 | | 2 |
|---|
| 160 | 160 | | 3 (v) Unlawful federal overreach burdening: |
|---|
| 161 | 161 | | 4 |
|---|
| 162 | 162 | | 5 (A) Intrastate cryptocurrency transactions; |
|---|
| 163 | 163 | | 6 |
|---|
| 164 | 164 | | 7 (B) Digital identity implementations; |
|---|
| 165 | 165 | | 8 |
|---|
| 166 | 166 | | 9 (C) Cryptographic signing activities; |
|---|
| 167 | 167 | | 10 |
|---|
| 168 | 168 | | 11 (D) Smart contract deployments; |
|---|
| 169 | 169 | | 12 |
|---|
| 170 | 170 | | 13 (E) Token governance systems; |
|---|
| 171 | 171 | | 14 |
|---|
| 172 | 172 | | 15 (F) Cryptographically signed or ascribed |
|---|
| 173 | 173 | | 16 data, including blockchain transactions, smart contracts, |
|---|
| 174 | 174 | | 17 CID's or other similar analog representations of |
|---|
| 175 | 175 | | 18 information, data or records; |
|---|
| 176 | 176 | | 19 |
|---|
| 177 | 177 | | 20 (G) Interference with state level |
|---|
| 178 | 178 | | 21 regulations of digital assets. |
|---|
| 179 | 179 | | 22 2025STATE OF WYOMING25LSO-06019HB03081 (b) The attorney general may seek to initiate a |
|---|
| 180 | 180 | | 2 lawsuit, or intervene or file an amicus curiae brief in any |
|---|
| 181 | 181 | | 3 lawsuit filed in any state or federal court in Wyoming, or |
|---|
| 182 | 182 | | 4 filed against any Wyoming resident or business in any other |
|---|
| 183 | 183 | | 5 jurisdiction as a result of unlawful federal infringement |
|---|
| 184 | 184 | | 6 on the rights described in subsection (a) of this act if, |
|---|
| 185 | 185 | | 7 in his judgment, the federal action endangers the rights of |
|---|
| 186 | 186 | | 8 Wyoming residents or businesses. Before initiating or |
|---|
| 187 | 187 | | 9 intervening in any lawsuit pursuant to this section, the |
|---|
| 188 | 188 | | 10 attorney general shall obtain the approval of the governor. |
|---|
| 189 | 189 | | 11 |
|---|
| 190 | 190 | | 12. This act is effective July 1, 2025 |
|---|
| 191 | 191 | | 13 |
|---|
| 192 | 192 | | 14 (END) |
|---|