Alabama 2025 Regular Session

Alabama Senate Bill SB200 Compare Versions

Version 1 (Old)

Version 2 (New)

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1		-	~~SB200ENROLLED~~
	1	+	SB200ENGROSSED
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3	3		SB200
4		-	~~W1VY1EE~~-2
	4	+	11TNAZ3-2
5	5		By Senators Jones, Bell, Barfoot, Figures, Gudger, Smitherman,
6	6		Kitchens, Kelley, Stewart, Livingston, Coleman-Madison,
7	7		Sessions, Butler, Weaver, Carnley, Williams, Allen, Roberts,
8	8		Waggoner, Hovey, Beasley, Chambliss, Price, Chesteen,
9	9		Shelnutt, Elliott, Singleton
10	10		RFD: Veterans, Military Affairs and Public Safety
11	11		First Read: 27-Feb-25
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20		-	9 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	20	+	9 SB200 Engrossed
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22	22		First Read: 27-Feb-25
23		-	Enrolled, An Act,
	23	+	A BILL
	24	+	TO BE ENTITLED
	25	+	AN ACT
24	26		Relating to courts; to amend Sections 12-23A-1,
25	27		12-23A-2, 12-23A-3, 12-23A-4, 12-23A-5, 12-23A-6, 12-23A-8,
26	28		12-23A-9, 12-23A-10, 12-23A-11, 12-23A-12, and 12-23A-13, Code
27	29		of Alabama 1975, to rename "drug courts" to "accountability
28	30		courts" and to expand the scope of whom accountability courts
29	31		would serve to include offenders with mental illness and
30	32		offenders who are veterans; to further provide for the duties
31	33		of the Administrative Office of the Courts; and to repeal
32	34		Section 12-23A-7, Code of Alabama 1975, relating to drug
33	35		testing procedures.
34	36		BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF ALABAMA:
35	37		Section 1. Sections 12-23A-1, 12-23A-2, 12-23A-3,
36	38		12-23A-4, 12-23A-5, 12-23A-6, 12-23A-8, 12-23A-9, 12-23A-10,
37	39		12-23A-11, 12-23A-12, and 12-23A-13, Code of Alabama 1975, are
38	40		amended to read as follows:
39	41		"§12-23A-1
40	42		This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the
41	43		Honorable Pete Johnson Alabama Drug Offender Accountability
42	44		Court Act."
43	45		"§12-23A-2
44		-	As used in this chapter, the following words shall have
45		-	the following meanings:
46		-	(1) ADVISORY COMMITTEE. A local committee which may
47		-	consist of the following members or their designees:
48		-	a. The drug court judge, who shall serve as chair.
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	73	+	28 SB200 Engrossed
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	75	+	"§12-23A-2
	76	+	As used in this chapter, the following words shall have
	77	+	the following meanings:
	78	+	(1) ADVISORY COMMITTEE. A local committee which may
	79	+	consist of the following members or their designees:
78	80		a. The drug court judge, who shall serve as chair.
79	81		b. The district attorney.
80	82		c. The public defender or a member of the criminal
81	83		defense bar.
82	84		d. The drug court coordinator.
83	85		e. The court clerk.
84	86		f. A community corrections or court referral officer,
85	87		or both.
86	88		g. A pretrial services provider.
87	89		h. A law enforcement officer.
88	90		i. Substance abuse treatment providers.
89	91		j. Any other person the chair deems appropriate.
90	92		(2) ASSESSMENT. A diagnostic evaluation for placement
91	93		in a treatment program which shall be performed in accordance
92	94		with criteria certified by the Department of Mental Health,
93	95		Substance Abuse Services Division.
94	96		(3) CHARGE. As defined in Section 12-25-32(13).
95	97		(4) CONTINUUM OF CARE. A seamless and coordinated
96	98		course of substance abuse education and treatment or other
97	99		evidence based programs designed to meet the needs of drug
98	100		offenders who are: (i) veterans; (ii) in need of substance
99	101		abuse services; or (iii) in need of mental health services as
100	102		they move through the criminal justice system and beyond,
101	103		maximizing self-sufficiency.
102		-	(5) CO-OCCURRING. A substance abuse and mental health
103		-	disorder.
104		-	(6) DRUG(10) SUBSTANCE. Includes all of the following:
105		-	a. A controlled substance, drug, or other substance for
106		-	which a medical prescription or other legal authorization is
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	133	+	maximizing self-sufficiency.
	134	+	(5) CO-OCCURRING. A substance abuse and mental health
	135	+	disorder.
	136	+	(6) DRUG(10) SUBSTANCE. Includes all of the following:
	137	+	a. A controlled substance, drug, or other substance for
136	138		which a medical prescription or other legal authorization is
137	139		required for purchase or possession.
138	140		b. A drug whose manufacture, sale, use, or possession
139	141		is forbidden by law.
140	142		c. Other harmful substance, a misused substance
141	143		otherwise legal to possess, including alcohol.
142	144		(7) DRUG(1) ACCOUNTABILITY COURT. A judicial
143	145		intervention program for drug offenders including, but not
144	146		limited to, those who are: (i) veterans; (ii) in need of
145	147		substance abuse services; or (iii) in need of mental health
146	148		services, in the criminal division of the circuit or district
147	149		court that incorporates the ten key components as enumerated
148	150		in subsection (f) of Section 12-23A-4 the evidence based
149	151		programs as set forth in the policies and procedures adopted
150	152		by AOC, and may include any of the following:
151	153		a. Pre-adjudication. A drug offender is ordered to
152	154		participateParticipation in drugaccountability court before
153	155		acceptance of a plea of guilty or conviction.
154	156		b. Post-adjudication. A drug offender is ordered to
155	157		participateParticipation in drugaccountability court after
156	158		entering a plea of guilty or having been found guilty.
157	159		c. Reentry. A drug offender is ordered to
158	160		participateParticipation in drugaccountability court upon
159	161		release from a sentence of incarceration.
160		-	d. Combination program. May includeIncludes
161		-	pre-adjudication, post-adjudication, and/orand reentry.
162		-	(8) DRUG COURT COORDINATOR. An individual who is
163		-	responsible for coordinating the establishment, staffing,
164		-	operation, evaluation, and integrity of the drug court.
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	189	+	84 SB200 Engrossed
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	191	+	release from a sentence of incarceration.
	192	+	d. Combination program. May includeIncludes
	193	+	pre-adjudication, post-adjudication, and/orand reentry.
	194	+	(8) DRUG COURT COORDINATOR. An individual who is
	195	+	responsible for coordinating the establishment, staffing,
194	196		operation, evaluation, and integrity of the drug court.
195	197		(9) DRUG(2) ACCOUNTABILITY COURT TEAM. Consists of all
196	198		of the following members Members who are assigned to the
197	199		drugaccountability court as set forth in the policies and
198	200		procedures adopted by AOC. :
199	201		a. The drug court judge.
200	202		b. The district attorney or his or her designee.
201	203		c. The public defender or a member of the criminal
202	204		defense bar.
203	205		d. A law enforcement officer.
204	206		e. The drug court coordinator.
205	207		f. A representative from community corrections, court
206	208		referral program, or the Board of Pardons and Paroles.
207	209		g. Any other persons selected by the drug court team.
208	210		(10) DRUG(7) OFFENDER. A personAn individual charged
209	211		with or convicted of : (i) a drug-related offense or; (ii) an
210	212		offense in which substance abuse is determined from the
211	213		evidence to have been a significant factor in the commission
212	214		of the offense; or (iii) an offense in which mental illness is
213	215		determined from the evidence to have been a significant factor
214	216		in the commission of the offense, or a veteran for whom
215	217		substance abuse or mental illness is determined from the
216	218		evidence to have been a significant factor in the commission
217	219		of the offense, and who has applied for or been accepted to
218		-	participate in a drugan accountability court program for drug
219		-	offenders in the criminal division of the circuit or district
220		-	court.
221		-	(11)(6) MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING. A written document
222		-	setting forth an agreed upon procedure.
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	249	+	of the offense, and who has applied for or been accepted to
	250	+	participate in a drugan accountability court program for drug
	251	+	offenders in the criminal division of the circuit or district
	252	+	court.
	253	+	(11)(6) MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING. A written document
252	254		setting forth an agreed upon procedure.
253	255		(12) RECIDIVISM. A subsequent conviction or plea of
254	256		nolo contendere in this or any other state or federal court of
255	257		the United States within three years of successful completion
256	258		of, or termination from, drug court for any offense carrying a
257	259		sentence of one year or more.
258	260		(13)(8) RELAPSE. A return to substance use after a
259	261		period of abstinence from substance abuse or the recurrence of
260	262		a prior mental illness by an offender .
261	263		(14) SCREENING. The process of gathering basic
262	264		information to determine whether the offender meets
263	265		established drug court eligibility criteria and shall include,
264	266		but is not limited to, the current charge, a substance abuse
265	267		evaluation, a brief questionnaire to determine if a risk or
266	268		needs assessment is needed, and drug testing, and may include,
267	269		but is not limited to, a substance abuse evaluation, risk
268	270		assessment, or needs assessment.
269	271		(15)(9) SPLIT SENTENCING. A sentence whichthat includes
270	272		a period of incarceration followed by a period of probation.
271	273		(16) STAFFING. The meeting before an appearance of a
272	274		drug offender in drug court in which the drug court team
273	275		discusses a coordinated response to the drug offender's
274	276		behavior.
275	277		(17) SUBSTANCE. Drug as defined in subdivision (6).
276		-	(18)(11) SUBSTANCE ABUSE. The illegal or improper
277		-	consumption of a drug.
278		-	(19) SUBSTANCE ABUSE (12) TREATMENT. The application of
279		-	an evidence based program professionally planned, managed,
280		-	administered, and monitored procedures for the purpose of
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	305	+	140 SB200 Engrossed
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	307	+	(17) SUBSTANCE. Drug as defined in subdivision (6).
	308	+	(18)(11) SUBSTANCE ABUSE. The illegal or improper
	309	+	consumption of a drug.
	310	+	(19) SUBSTANCE ABUSE (12) TREATMENT. The application of
	311	+	an evidence based program professionally planned, managed,
310	312		administered, and monitored procedures for the purpose of
311	313		alleviating, minimizing, and stabilizing the effect of
312	314		substance-related disorders substance abuse or mental illness
313	315		and restoring impaired functionality.
314	316		(20)(13) VIOLENT OFFENSE OR CHARGE. As defined in
315	317		Section 12-25-32 (13).
316	318		(3) AOC. The Administrative Office of Courts. "
317	319		"§12-23A-3
318	320		(a) The Legislature recognizes that a critical need
319	321		exists in this state for the criminal justice system to more
320	322		effectively address the number of defendants who are involved
321	323		with offenders who have a substance abuse or
322	324		addictiondisorder, who suffer from mental illness, or who
323	325		suffer from a condition related to a veteran's mental illness
324	326		or substance abuse . For the criminal justice system to
325	327		maintain credibility, court and community alternatives for the
326	328		substance abuse and addiction involved defendant must be
327	329		expanded. A growing body of research demonstrates the impact
328	330		of substance abuse on public safety, personal health, and
329	331		health care costs, the spread of communicable disease,
330	332		educational performance and attainment, work force reliability
331	333		and productivity, family safety, and financial stability.
332	334		Requiring accountability and effective treatment, in addition
333	335		to, or in place of, conventional and expensive incarceration ,
334		-	will promote public safety, promote the welfare of the
335		-	individuals involved, reduce the burden upon the State
336		-	Treasury, and benefit the common welfare of this state. The
337		-	goals of this chapter are to do all of the following:
338		-	(1) Enhance community safety and quality of life for
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	365	+	to, or in place of, conventional and expensive incarceration ,
	366	+	will promote public safety, promote the welfare of the
	367	+	individuals involved, reduce the burden upon the State
	368	+	Treasury, and benefit the common welfare of this state. The
	369	+	goals of this chapter are to do all of the following:
368	370		(1) Enhance community safety and quality of life for
369	371		citizens.
370	372		(2) Reduce recidivism.
371	373		(3) Reduce substance abuse Hold offenders accountable
372	374		for their criminal behavior .
373	375		(4) Increase the personal, familial, and societal
374	376		accountability of drug offenders.
375	377		(5) Restore drug offenders to productive, law-abiding,
376	378		and taxpaying citizens.
377	379		(5)(6) Promote effective interaction and use of
378	380		resources among criminal justice and community agencies.
379	381		(6)(7) Reduce the costs of incarceration.
380	382		(7)(8) Improve the efficiency of the criminal justice
381	383		system by enacting an effective methodology .
382	384		(b) As a general proposition, all drug offenders should
383	385		receive timely eligibility screening and, where indicated,
384	386		assessment and the appropriate level of treatment. The
385	387		criminal justice system should be used constructively to
386	388		motivate drug offenders to accept treatment and engage in the
387	389		treatment process."
388	390		"§12-23A-4
389	391		(a)(1) The presiding judge of each judicial circuit ,
390	392		with the consent of the district attorney of that judicial
391	393		circuit, may establish a drugan accountability court or
392		-	courts, under which drug offenders shall be processed, to
393		-	appropriately address the identified substance abuse problem
394		-	disorder, mental illness, or other issue of the drug offender
395		-	as a condition of pretrial release, pretrial diversion,
396		-	probation, jail, prison, parole, community corrections, or
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	423	+	circuit, may establish a drugan accountability court or
	424	+	courts, under which drug offenders shall be processed, to
	425	+	appropriately address the identified substance abuse problem
	426	+	disorder, mental illness, or other issue of the drug offender
	427	+	as a condition of pretrial release, pretrial diversion,
426	428		probation, jail, prison, parole, community corrections, or
427	429		other release or diversion from a correctional facility. The
428	430		structure, method, and operation of each drugaccountability
429	431		court may differ and should be based upon the specific needs
430	432		of and resources available to the judicial district or circuit
431	433		where the drugaccountability court is located, but shall be
432	434		created and operate pursuant to this chapter and in compliance
433	435		with rules promulgated policies and procedures adopted by the
434	436		Alabama Supreme Court AOC.
435	437		(2) Nothing in this chapter shall affect the authority
436	438		of the district attorney to establish a deferred prosecution
437	439		program or a pretrial diversion program within his or her
438	440		judicial circuit or affect his or her ability to nolle prosse
439	441		a particular case. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all drug
440	442		courts shall comply with this chapter and rules promulgated by
441	443		the Alabama Supreme Court.
442	444		(b) Participation of an offender in an accountability
443	445		drug court shall require the consent of the district attorney
444	446		and the court and shall be pursuant to a written agreement. A
445	447		drugAn offender may participate in a pre-adjudication,
446	448		post-adjudication, reentry, probation violation, or
447	449		combination program.
448	450		(c) The court may grant reasonable incentives under the
449	451		written agreement if the court finds that the drug offender:
450		-	(1) Is performing satisfactorily in drug court.
451		-	(2) Is benefiting from education, treatment, and
452		-	rehabilitation.
453		-	(3) Has not engaged in criminal conduct.
454		-	(4) Has not violated the terms and conditions of the
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	481	+	written agreement if the court finds that the drug offender:
	482	+	(1) Is performing satisfactorily in drug court.
	483	+	(2) Is benefiting from education, treatment, and
	484	+	rehabilitation.
	485	+	(3) Has not engaged in criminal conduct.
484	486		(4) Has not violated the terms and conditions of the
485	487		agreement.
486	488		(d) The court may impose reasonable sanctions under the
487	489		written agreement or may incarcerate or expel the offender
488	490		from the program if the court finds that the drug offender:
489	491		(1) Is not performing satisfactorily in drug court.
490	492		(2) Is not benefiting from education, treatment, or
491	493		rehabilitation.
492	494		(3) Has engaged in conduct rendering him or her
493	495		unsuitable for the program.
494	496		(4) Has otherwise violated the terms and conditions of
495	497		the agreement.
496	498		(5) Is for any reason unable to participate.
497	499		(e)(c) Upon successful completion of drugan
498	500		accountability court, a drug offender's case shall be disposed
499	501		of by the judge in the manner prescribed by the agreement and
500	502		by the applicable policies and procedures adopted by the
501	503		drugaccountability court. This may include, but is not limited
502	504		to, withholding criminal charges, nolle prosse of charges
503	505		recommended by the district attorney, probation, deferred
504	506		sentencing, suspended sentencing, split sentencing, or a
505	507		reduced period of incarceration. Records of all such
506	508		dispositions shall be maintained and be available to judges
507	509		and prosecutors statewide. This provision shallsubsection does
508		-	not authorize the disclosure of youthful offender or juvenile
509		-	records to the general public.
510		-	(f) Drug courts shall include all of the following ten
511		-	key components, as defined by the United States Department of
512		-	Justice, and the drug court team shall act to ensure
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	539	+	and prosecutors statewide. This provision shallsubsection does
	540	+	not authorize the disclosure of youthful offender or juvenile
	541	+	records to the general public.
	542	+	(f) Drug courts shall include all of the following ten
	543	+	key components, as defined by the United States Department of
542	544		Justice, and the drug court team shall act to ensure
543	545		compliance with each of the components:
544	546		(1) Integration of drug, alcohol, and other drug
545	547		treatment or educational services with justice system case
546	548		processing.
547	549		(2) Use of a non-adversarial approach, with prosecution
548	550		and defense counsel promoting public safety while protecting
549	551		the due process rights of drug offenders participating in the
550	552		program.
551	553		(3) Early identification of drug offenders eligible to
552	554		participate and prompt placement in the drug court program.
553	555		(4) Access to a continuum of alcohol, drug, and other
554	556		related treatment and rehabilitation services.
555	557		(5) Monitoring of abstinence by frequent alcohol and
556	558		other drug testing.
557	559		(6) Adoption and implementation of a coordinated
558	560		strategy which governs drug court responses to the compliance
559	561		of drug offenders participating in the program.
560	562		(7) Ongoing judicial interaction with each drug court
561	563		of drug offenders participating in the program.
562	564		(8) Monitoring and evaluation to measure the
563	565		achievement of program goals and gauge effectiveness.
564	566		(9) Continuing interdisciplinary education to promote
565	567		effective drug court planning, implementation, and operations.
566		-	(10) Forging partnerships among drug courts, public
567		-	agencies, and community-based organizations to generate local
568		-	support and enhance drug court effectiveness.
569		-	(g) Cases handled pursuant to this chapter shall be
570		-	calendared on dedicated dockets, set aside from other criminal
571	568		253
572	569		254
573	570		255
574	571		256
575	572		257
576	573		258
577	574		259
578	575		260
579	576		261
580	577		262
581	578		263
582	579		264
583	580		265
584	581		266
585	582		267
586	583		268
587	584		269
588	585		270
589	586		271
590	587		272
591	588		273
592	589		274
593	590		275
594	591		276
595	592		277
596	593		278
597	594		279
598		-	280 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	595	+	280 SB200 Engrossed
599	596		Page 11
	597	+	effective drug court planning, implementation, and operations.
	598	+	(10) Forging partnerships among drug courts, public
	599	+	agencies, and community-based organizations to generate local
	600	+	support and enhance drug court effectiveness.
	601	+	(g) Cases handled pursuant to this chapter shall be
600	602		calendared on dedicated dockets, set aside from other criminal
601	603		cases.
602	604		(h) Each local jurisdiction that intends to establish a
603	605		drug court, or continue the operation of an existing drug
604	606		court, shall establish a local drug court team and may also
605	607		establish a local drug court advisory committee.
606	608		(i) The drug court team, when practicable, shall
607	609		conduct a staff meeting prior to each drug court session to
608	610		discuss and provide updated information regarding drug
609	611		offenders. After determining their progress, or lack thereof,
610	612		the drug court team shall agree on the appropriate incentive
611	613		or sanction to be applied. If the drug court team cannot agree
612	614		on the appropriate action, the court shall make the decision
613	615		based on information presented in the staff meeting. Nothing
614	616		in this chapter shall prohibit the authority of the district
615	617		attorney to file a petition to remove the drug offender from
616	618		the drug court program for good cause shown.
617	619		(j)(d) Nothing contained in this chapter shall confer a
618	620		right, or an expectation of a right, to participate in drug an
619	621		accountability court, nor does it obligate the drug
620	622		accountability court to accept every drug offender. Neither
621	623		the establishment of any drug accountability court nor
622	624		anything in this chapter shall be construed as limiting the
623		-	discretion of the district attorney. Nothing in this chapter
624		-	shall be construed to prohibit the authority of the district
625		-	attorney to file a petition to remove the offender from the
626		-	accountability court for good cause shown. Each drug
627		-	accountability court judge may establish rules and may make
628		-	special orders and rules, as necessary, that do not conflict
	625	+	discretion of the district attorney. Each drug accountability
629	626		281
630	627		282
631	628		283
632	629		284
633	630		285
634	631		286
635	632		287
636	633		288
637	634		289
638	635		290
639	636		291
640	637		292
641	638		293
642	639		294
643	640		295
644	641		296
645	642		297
646	643		298
647	644		299
648	645		300
649	646		301
650	647		302
651	648		303
652	649		304
653	650		305
654	651		306
655	652		307
656		-	308 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	653	+	308 SB200 Engrossed
657	654		Page 12
658		-	special orders and rules, as necessary, that do not conflict
659		-	with this chapter or rules promulgated policies and procedures
660		-	adopted by AOCthe Alabama Supreme Court .
	655	+	discretion of the district attorney. Each drug accountability
	656	+	court judge may establish rules and may make special orders
	657	+	and rules, as necessary, that do not conflict with this
	658	+	chapter or rules promulgated policies and procedures adopted
	659	+	by AOCthe Alabama Supreme Court .
661	660		(k) A drug court coordinator shall be responsible for
662	661		the general administration of drug court.
663	662		(l)(e) Any agency charged with supervising a drug an
664	663		offender under drug accountability court jurisdiction shall
665	664		timely forward information to the drug accountability court
666	665		concerning the progress and compliance of the drug offender
667	666		with any court imposed terms and conditions."
668	667		"§12-23A-5
669	668		(a) Any drug offender subject to this chapter who posts
670	669		bail shall submit to random observed drug tests as a condition
671	670		of pretrial release.
672	671		(b) A drug offender shall be required to undergo a
673	672		screening under any of the following conditions:
674	673		(1) The results of a drug test are positive.
675	674		(2) The drug offender requests a screening.
676	675		(3) The drug offender admits to substance use or abuse
677	676		within the year preceding the arrest for the present charge.
678	677		(4) The present charge involves a violation of the
679	678		controlled substances or impaired driving statutes.
680	679		(5) The drug offender, within the previous five years,
681	680		has been convicted in any state or federal court involving a
682	681		violation described in subsection (b)(1), (b)(3), or (b)(4).
683	682		(6) The drug offender refuses to undergo a drug test as
684	683		required by this chapter.
685		-	(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of subsection (a),
686		-	the court shall order a drug offender to undergo a screening
687	684		309
688	685		310
689	686		311
690	687		312
691	688		313
692	689		314
693	690		315
694	691		316
695	692		317
696	693		318
697	694		319
698	695		320
699	696		321
700	697		322
701	698		323
702	699		324
703	700		325
704	701		326
705	702		327
706	703		328
707	704		329
708	705		330
709	706		331
710	707		332
711	708		333
712	709		334
713	710		335
714		-	336 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	711	+	336 SB200 Engrossed
715	712		Page 13
	713	+	required by this chapter.
	714	+	(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of subsection (a),
716	715		the court shall order a drug offender to undergo a screening
717	716		if the court has reason to believe the drug offender is a
718	717		substance abuser or would otherwise benefit from undergoing a
719	718		screening.
720	719		(d) If a drug offender is ordered to undergo a
721	720		screening and has not done so at the time of his or her
722	721		release prior to trial or probation, submission to a screening
723	722		shall be a condition of his or her pretrial release or
724	723		probation.
725	724		(e) Unless otherwise ordered by the court, the drug
726	725		test results and screening of a drug offender shall be
727	726		provided as soon as practical after the initial appearance of
728	727		the drug offender before the drug court team, or other
729	728		appropriate authority in the case of an inmate.
730	729		(f) The screening shall include recommendations
731	730		concerning the drug offender's need for a needs or risk
732	731		assessment.
733	732		(g)(a) Anyone receiving drug or substance test results,
734	733		a screening, an assessment, or other personal medical
735	734		information shall maintain that information in accordance with
736	735		federal and state confidentiality laws.
737	736		(h) A court shall immediately consider ordering a drug
738	737		offender to participate in drug court if all of the following
739	738		apply:
740	739		(1) A screening reveals that a drug offender is a
741	740		substance abuser, and the court recommends that the drug
742	741		offender participate in drug court.
743		-	(2) The court has reason to believe that participation
744		-	in drug court will benefit the drug offender by addressing his
745	742		337
746	743		338
747	744		339
748	745		340
749	746		341
750	747		342
751	748		343
752	749		344
753	750		345
754	751		346
755	752		347
756	753		348
757	754		349
758	755		350
759	756		351
760	757		352
761	758		353
762	759		354
763	760		355
764	761		356
765	762		357
766	763		358
767	764		359
768	765		360
769	766		361
770	767		362
771	768		363
772		-	364 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	769	+	364 SB200 Engrossed
773	770		Page 14
	771	+	offender participate in drug court.
	772	+	(2) The court has reason to believe that participation
774	773		in drug court will benefit the drug offender by addressing his
775	774		or her substance abuse.
776	775		(3) The district attorney consents to the participation
777	776		of the drug offender in the program.
778	777		(4) The case of the drug offender is handled pursuant
779	778		to subsection (b) of Section 12-23A-4.
780	779		(b) An(i) A drug offender shall not be eligible for
781	780		admission into a drug an accountability court program if any
782	781		of the following applies :
783	782		(1) The drug offender has a pending violent criminal
784	783		charge against him or her or any felony charge in which a
785	784		firearm or deadly weapon or dangerous instrument was used .;
786	785		(2) The drug offender has been convicted of a violent
787	786		felony offense or any felony in which a firearm or deadly
788	787		weapon or dangerous instrument was used or adjudicated as a
789	788		youthful offender or delinquent as a juvenile of a violent
790	789		felony offense or any felony in which a firearm or deadly
791	790		weapon or dangerous instrument was used .;
792	791		(3) The drug offender is required to register as a sex
793	792		offender or currently charged with a felony sex offense .; or
794	793		(4) The drug offender is charged with distribution,
795	794		manufacturing, or trafficking of a controlled substance.
796	795		(c)(j) Eligible offenses may be further restricted by
797	796		the rules of a specific local drug accountability court
798	797		program.
799	798		(d)(k) The Commissioner of the Department of
800	799		Corrections shall develop criteria regarding the evaluation
801		-	and eligibility of an inmate for early release into a reentry
802		-	drug accountability court program consistent with the
803	800		365
804	801		366
805	802		367
806	803		368
807	804		369
808	805		370
809	806		371
810	807		372
811	808		373
812	809		374
813	810		375
814	811		376
815	812		377
816	813		378
817	814		379
818	815		380
819	816		381
820	817		382
821	818		383
822	819		384
823	820		385
824	821		386
825	822		387
826	823		388
827	824		389
828	825		390
829	826		391
830		-	392 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	827	+	392 SB200 Engrossed
831	828		Page 15
	829	+	Corrections shall develop criteria regarding the evaluation
	830	+	and eligibility of an inmate for early release into a reentry
832	831		drug accountability court program consistent with the
833	832		requirements of subsection (b) (i)."
834	833		"§12-23A-6
835	834		(a) As part of the assessment, each jurisdiction shall
836	835		establish a system to ensure that drug offenders are placed
837	836		into a substance abuse treatment program approved by the
838	837		Department of Mental Health. To accomplish this, the entity
839	838		conducting the assessment should make specific recommendations
840	839		to the drug court team regarding the level of treatment
841	840		program and duration necessary so that the individualized
842	841		needs of a drug offender may be addressed. These assessments
843	842		and resulting recommendations shall be performed by a
844	843		certified or licensed alcohol and drug professional in
845	844		accordance with the criteria certified by the Department of
846	845		Mental Health, Substance Abuse Services Division. Treatment
847	846		recommendations accepted by the court, pursuant to this
848	847		chapter, shall be deemed to be reasonable and necessary.
849	848		(b) An adequate continuum of care for drug offenders
850	849		shall be established in response to this chapter.
851	850		(a)(c) The drug accountability court, when practicable,
852	851		shall ensure that no agency provide both assessment and
853	852		treatment services for a drug an accountability court to avoid
854	853		potential conflicts of interest or the appearance that a given
855	854		assessment agency might benefit by determining that an
856	855		offender is in need of the particular form of treatment that
857	856		the assessor provides.
858	857		(b) An accountability (d) A drug court making a referral
859		-	for substance abuse treatment shall refer the drug offender to
860		-	a program that: (i) is certified by the Department of Mental
861	858		393
862	859		394
863	860		395
864	861		396
865	862		397
866	863		398
867	864		399
868	865		400
869	866		401
870	867		402
871	868		403
872	869		404
873	870		405
874	871		406
875	872		407
876	873		408
877	874		409
878	875		410
879	876		411
880	877		412
881	878		413
882	879		414
883	880		415
884	881		416
885	882		417
886	883		418
887	884		419
888		-	420 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	885	+	420 SB200 Engrossed
889	886		Page 16
	887	+	(b) An accountability (d) A drug court making a referral
	888	+	for substance abuse treatment shall refer the drug offender to
890	889		a program that: (i) is certified by the Department of Mental
891	890		Health; (ii) agrees to become certified by the Department of
892	891		Mental Health within 90 days of service implementation; or
893	892		(iii) can provide documentation that it is using
894	893		evidence-based practices , Substance Abuse Services Division .
895	894		(c)(e) The court shall determine which treatment
896	895		programs are authorized to provide the recommended treatment
897	896		to a drug an offender. The relationship between the treatment
898	897		program and the accountability court should be governed by a
899	898		memorandum of understanding, which should include the timely
900	899		reporting of the progress or lack thereof of the drug offender
901	900		to the drug accountability court.
902	901		(d)(f) Appropriate services for mental health treatment
903	902		should be made available by the Department of Mental Health,
904	903		where practicable , recognizing that a drug offender is
905	904		frequently co-occurring.
906	905		(g) Recognizing that appropriate levels of substance
907	906		abuse treatment, including appropriate length of stay, impact
908	907		success, the drug court team may require assessments that
909	908		determine the appropriate level of care and refer to programs
910	909		certified by the Department of Mental Health for the provision
911	910		of the indicated treatment ."
912	911		"§12-23A-8
913	912		(a) Any drug accountability court in this state may
914	913		transfer to or accept transfer from any other drug
915	914		accountability court in this state , as well as and any drug
916	915		accountability court, or similar court in any other state
917		-	which is a part of the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender
918		-	Supervision, any drug offender for admission into the
919	916		421
920	917		422
921	918		423
922	919		424
923	920		425
924	921		426
925	922		427
926	923		428
927	924		429
928	925		430
929	926		431
930	927		432
931	928		433
932	929		434
933	930		435
934	931		436
935	932		437
936	933		438
937	934		439
938	935		440
939	936		441
940	937		442
941	938		443
942	939		444
943	940		445
944	941		446
945	942		447
946		-	448 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	943	+	448 SB200 Engrossed
947	944		Page 17
	945	+	accountability court, or similar court in any other state
	946	+	which is a part of the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender
948	947		Supervision, any drug offender for admission into the
949	948		respective drug accountability court program based upon the
950	949		residence of the drug offender. All terms and conditions of
951	950		the transfer and supervision shall be clearly stated, in
952	951		writing, and shall not be valid unless agreed to, in writing,
953	952		by all of the following:
954	953		(1) The drug offender.
955	954		(2) The defense attorney.
956	955		(3) The judge and prosecutor of the transferring drug
957	956		court.
958	957		(4) The judge and prosecutor of the receiving drug
959	958		court.
960	959		(b) Any accountability court in this state may accept
961	960		the transfer of offenders with an identified substance abuse
962	961		disorder or mental illness from any municipal court within its
963	962		jurisdiction which does not have its own municipal
964	963		accountability court. "
965	964		"§12-23A-9
966	965		(a) The Administrative Office of Courts , hereinafter
967	966		AOC, shall assist inadopt policies and procedures regarding
968	967		best practices in the planning, implementation, and
969	968		development of drugaccountability courts statewide. AOC shall
970	969		make recommendations to the Alabama Supreme Court and the
971	970		Chief Justice concerning the legal, policy, and procedural
972	971		issues confronting the drug courts in the state. Nothing in
973	972		this section shall impede the constitutional authority of the
974	973		district attorney.
975		-	(b) AOC shall provide state-level coordination and
976		-	support for drugaccountability court judges and their programs
977	974		449
978	975		450
979	976		451
980	977		452
981	978		453
982	979		454
983	980		455
984	981		456
985	982		457
986	983		458
987	984		459
988	985		460
989	986		461
990	987		462
991	988		463
992	989		464
993	990		465
994	991		466
995	992		467
996	993		468
997	994		469
998	995		470
999	996		471
1000	997		472
1001	998		473
1002	999		474
1003	1000		475
1004		-	476 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	1001	+	476 SB200 Engrossed
1005	1002		Page 18
	1003	+	district attorney.
	1004	+	(b) AOC shall provide state-level coordination and
1006	1005		support for drugaccountability court judges and their programs
1007	1006		and operate as a liaison between drugaccountability court
1008	1007		judges and other state-level agencies providing services to or
1009	1008		benefittingbenefiting from drugaccountability court programs.
1010	1009		(c) The Administrative Director of Courts shall make
1011	1010		recommendations to the Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme
1012	1011		Court concerning criteria for eligibility, the promulgation of
1013	1012		procedural rules, the establishment of guidelines for
1014	1013		operation, and adoption of standards and protocols for the
1015	1014		various drug courts of this state. All rules, guidelines,
1016	1015		standards, and protocols shall periodically be reviewed and
1017	1016		revised.
1018	1017		(d) AOC shall identify existing resources for
1019	1018		assessment and treatment and make recommendations for the
1020	1019		allocation of those resources; explore grants and funds
1021	1020		necessary to support drug courts; promote and provide annual
1022	1021		training and technical assistance for all drug court judges
1023	1022		and criminal justice personnel involved in drug courts, as
1024	1023		well as education for the public about the effectiveness of
1025	1024		drug court; and establish evaluation criteria and procedures,
1026	1025		including tracking the status of drug offenders after
1027	1026		concluding drug court. The critical performance measures to be
1028	1027		collected shall include those set forth in subsection (a) of
1029	1028		Section 12-23A-10.
1030	1029		(e) The local drug court team or advisory committee, or
1031	1030		both, shall ensure the provision of a full continuum of care
1032	1031		for drug offenders.
1033		-	(f) The presiding judge of each circuit shall report to
1034		-	AOC by the fifteenth day of January of each year. The report
1035	1032		477
1036	1033		478
1037	1034		479
1038	1035		480
1039	1036		481
1040	1037		482
1041	1038		483
1042	1039		484
1043	1040		485
1044	1041		486
1045	1042		487
1046	1043		488
1047	1044		489
1048	1045		490
1049	1046		491
1050	1047		492
1051	1048		493
1052	1049		494
1053	1050		495
1054	1051		496
1055	1052		497
1056	1053		498
1057	1054		499
1058	1055		500
1059	1056		501
1060	1057		502
1061	1058		503
1062		-	504 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	1059	+	504 SB200 Engrossed
1063	1060		Page 19
	1061	+	for drug offenders.
	1062	+	(f) The presiding judge of each circuit shall report to
1064	1063		AOC by the fifteenth day of January of each year. The report
1065	1064		shall include all of the following:
1066	1065		(1) A description of the drug court operating within
1067	1066		the jurisdiction.
1068	1067		(2) The name of the participating judge or judges.
1069	1068		(3) Community involvement.
1070	1069		(4) Education and training.
1071	1070		(5) Use of existing resources.
1072	1071		(6) Collaborative efforts.
1073	1072		(7) An evaluation of the critical data elements
1074	1073		required by subsection (a) of Section 12-23A-10.
1075	1074		(g)(c) The Administrative Director of Courts shall
1076	1075		provide a statewide report each year during the regular
1077	1076		legislative session to the Alabama Supreme Court, Legislature,
1078	1077		and Governor regarding the need for, and implementation of,
1079	1078		this chapter. The report shall include a synopsis of such
1080	1079		information or data necessary to determine the impact,
1081	1080		utility, and cost-effectiveness of its implementation and
1082	1081		ongoing operation."
1083	1082		"§12-23A-10
1084	1083		(a) A drug court shall collect and maintain the
1085	1084		following information for each drug offender that is
1086	1085		considered for admission or admitted into drug court:
1087	1086		(1) Prior criminal history.
1088	1087		(2) Prior substance abuse treatment history, including
1089	1088		information on the success or failure of the drug offender in
1090	1089		those programs.
1091		-	(3) Employment, education, and income histories.
1092		-	(4) Gender, race, ethnicity, marital and family status,
1093	1090		505
1094	1091		506
1095	1092		507
1096	1093		508
1097	1094		509
1098	1095		510
1099	1096		511
1100	1097		512
1101	1098		513
1102	1099		514
1103	1100		515
1104	1101		516
1105	1102		517
1106	1103		518
1107	1104		519
1108	1105		520
1109	1106		521
1110	1107		522
1111	1108		523
1112	1109		524
1113	1110		525
1114	1111		526
1115	1112		527
1116	1113		528
1117	1114		529
1118	1115		530
1119	1116		531
1120		-	532 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	1117	+	532 SB200 Engrossed
1121	1118		Page 20
	1119	+	those programs.
	1120	+	(3) Employment, education, and income histories.
1122	1121		(4) Gender, race, ethnicity, marital and family status,
1123	1122		and any child custody and support obligations.
1124	1123		(5)a. Instances of recidivism occurring after
1125	1124		successful completion of drug court. Recidivism shall be
1126	1125		measured at a period of three years after successful
1127	1126		graduation.
1128	1127		b. Instances of recidivism occurring after a drug
1129	1128		offender's termination in drug court for a period of three
1130	1129		years from release into the community.
1131	1130		(6) The drug of choice and the estimated daily
1132	1131		financial cost to the drug offender at the time of entry into
1133	1132		the program.
1134	1133		(7) The number of drug offenders screened for
1135	1134		eligibility, the number of eligible drug offenders who were
1136	1135		and were not admitted into drug court, the reasons for
1137	1136		non-admission for those drug offenders not admitted into drug
1138	1137		court, and the case disposition for each drug offender
1139	1138		admitted into drug court.
1140	1139		(8) The cost of operation and sources of funding for
1141	1140		each drug court.
1142	1141		(b) A drug offender subject to this chapter may be
1143	1142		required, as a condition of pretrial release, probation,
1144	1143		diversion, parole, or community corrections to provide the
1145	1144		information in subsection (a). The collection and maintenance
1146	1145		of this information shall be collected in a standardized
1147	1146		format according to applicable guidelines.
1148	1147		(a)(c) To protect the privacy of a drugan offender in
1149		-	accordance with federal and state confidentiality laws,
1150		-	treatment records shall be kept in a secure environment,
1151	1148		533
1152	1149		534
1153	1150		535
1154	1151		536
1155	1152		537
1156	1153		538
1157	1154		539
1158	1155		540
1159	1156		541
1160	1157		542
1161	1158		543
1162	1159		544
1163	1160		545
1164	1161		546
1165	1162		547
1166	1163		548
1167	1164		549
1168	1165		550
1169	1166		551
1170	1167		552
1171	1168		553
1172	1169		554
1173	1170		555
1174	1171		556
1175	1172		557
1176	1173		558
1177	1174		559
1178		-	560 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	1175	+	560 SB200 Engrossed
1179	1176		Page 21
	1177	+	(a)(c) To protect the privacy of a drugan offender in
	1178	+	accordance with federal and state confidentiality laws,
1180	1179		treatment records shall be kept in a secure environment,
1181	1180		separated from the court records to which the public has
1182	1181		access.
1183	1182		(d) All drug court personnel shall be trained in
1184	1183		accordance with subsection (d) of Section 12-23A-9.
1185	1184		(e) Evaluations shall be conducted in accordance with
1186	1185		subsection (a).
1187	1186		(b)(f) The drug offender shall be responsible for all
1188	1187		fees, court costs, and restitution associated with the terms
1189	1188		of release of the offender, supervision, treatment, and
1190	1189		successful completion in drug an accountability court, unless
1191	1190		the offender is determined to be indigent, in which event
1192	1191		suchthe fees may be waived in whole or in part. Determination
1193	1192		of indigency shall be subject to continuing review by the
1194	1193		accountability court. All such fees, which do not include
1195	1194		regular court costs normally collected by the clerk of court,
1196	1195		shall be collected and accounted for by the drugaccountability
1197	1196		court or other entity designated by the drug court team, in
1198	1197		accordance with generally accepted uniform accounting
1199	1198		principles, which shall be subject to approval by the Chief
1200	1199		Examiner of the Department of Examiners of Public Accounts .
1201	1200		Drug Accountability courts shall establish and maintain a
1202	1201		uniform accounting system.
1203	1202		(c)(g) The annual reports and all records of accounts
1204	1203		and financial records of all funds received from fees or by
1205	1204		grant, contract, or otherwise from state, local, or federal
1206	1205		sources, shallmay be subject to audit annually by the Chief
1207		-	Examiner of the Department of Examiners of Public Accounts.
1208		-	The audit may be performed by a licensed independent certified
1209	1206		561
1210	1207		562
1211	1208		563
1212	1209		564
1213	1210		565
1214	1211		566
1215	1212		567
1216	1213		568
1217	1214		569
1218	1215		570
1219	1216		571
1220	1217		572
1221	1218		573
1222	1219		574
1223	1220		575
1224	1221		576
1225	1222		577
1226	1223		578
1227	1224		579
1228	1225		580
1229	1226		581
1230	1227		582
1231	1228		583
1232	1229		584
1233	1230		585
1234	1231		586
1235	1232		587
1236		-	588 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	1233	+	588 SB200 Engrossed
1237	1234		Page 22
	1235	+	sources, shallmay be subject to audit annually by the Chief
	1236	+	Examiner of the Department of Examiners of Public Accounts.
1238	1237		The audit may be performed by a licensed independent certified
1239	1238		public accountant approved by the Chief Examiner of the
1240	1239		Department of Examiners of Public Accounts .
1241	1240		(d)(h) All audits shall be completed as soon as
1242	1241		practicable after the end of the fiscal year . One copy of each
1243	1242		audit shall be furnished to the presiding circuit judge, the
1244	1243		district attorney, the Administrative Director of Courts, and
1245	1244		the Chief Examiner of the Department of Examiners of Public
1246	1245		Accounts. Copies of each audit shall also be made available to
1247	1246		the press The audit report shall be considered a public
1248	1247		writing."
1249	1248		"§12-23A-11
1250	1249		(a) Absent negligence, wantonness, recklessness, or
1251	1250		deliberate misconduct, any individual who, in good faith,
1252	1251		provides services pursuant to this chapter , shall not be
1253	1252		liable in any civil action. The grant of immunity provided for
1254	1253		in this subsection shall extend to all employees,
1255	1254		administrative personnel , substance abuse and mental illness
1256	1255		professionals, and drugaccountability court team members, as
1257	1256		well as volunteers.
1258	1257		(b) Any qualified person individual who obtains, in a
1259	1258		medically accepted manner, a specimen of breath, blood, urine,
1260	1259		or other bodily substance pursuant to this chapter shall not
1261	1260		be liable in any civil action."
1262	1261		"§12-23A-12
1263	1262		Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to require a
1264	1263		county commission or any county employee to participate in or
1265		-	fund in whole or in part the development or operation of a
1266		-	drugan accountability court program authorized in this
1267	1264		589
1268	1265		590
1269	1266		591
1270	1267		592
1271	1268		593
1272	1269		594
1273	1270		595
1274	1271		596
1275	1272		597
1276	1273		598
1277	1274		599
1278	1275		600
1279	1276		601
1280	1277		602
1281	1278		603
1282	1279		604
1283	1280		605
1284	1281		606
1285	1282		607
1286	1283		608
1287	1284		609
1288	1285		610
1289	1286		611
1290	1287		612
1291	1288		613
1292	1289		614
1293	1290		615
1294		-	616 SB200 ~~Enrolled~~
	1291	+	616 SB200 Engrossed
1295	1292		Page 23
	1293	+	county commission or any county employee to participate in or
	1294	+	fund in whole or in part the development or operation of a
1296	1295		drugan accountability court program authorized in this
1297	1296		chapter."
1298	1297		"§12-23A-13
1299	1298		A holder of a commercial driver'sdriver license, a
1300	1299		commercial driver learner'slearner permit holder, andor any
1301	1300		other operator of a commercial motor vehicle that is subject
1302	1301		to Part 383 of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations
1303	1302		shall be ineligible to participate in any drugaccountability
1304	1303		court program."
1305	1304		Section 2. For the purposes of the annual General Fund
1306	1305		Budget Act, drug courts shall be funded as a separate line
1307	1306		item.
1308	1307		Section 3. Section 12-23A-7, Code of Alabama 1975,
1309	1308		relating to drug testing procedures, is repealed.
1310	1309		Section 4. This act shall become effective on October
1311	1310		1, 2025.
1312	1311		617
1313	1312		618
1314	1313		619
1315	1314		620
1316	1315		621
1317	1316		622
1318	1317		623
1319	1318		624
1320	1319		625
1321	1320		626
1322	1321		627
1323	1322		628
1324	1323		629
1325	1324		630
1326		-	631 SB200 Enrolled
	1325	+	631
	1326	+	632
	1327	+	633 SB200 Engrossed
1327	1328		Page 24
1328	1329		1, 2025.
1329		-	________________________________________________
1330		-	President and Presiding Officer of the Senate
1331		-	________________________________________________
1332		-	Speaker of the House of Representatives
1333		-	SB200
1334		-	Senate 18-Mar-25
1335		-	I hereby certify that the within Act originated in and passed
1336		-	the Senate, as amended.
	1330	+	Senate
	1331	+	Read for the first time and referred
	1332	+	to the Senate committee on Veterans,
	1333	+	Military Affairs and Public Safety
	1334	+	................27-Feb-25
	1335	+	Read for the second time and placed
	1336	+	on the calendar:
	1337	+	1 amendment
	1338	+	................05-Mar-25
	1339	+	Read for the third time and passed
	1340	+	as amended
	1341	+	Yeas 29
	1342	+	Nays 0
	1343	+	Abstains 0
	1344	+	................18-Mar-25
1337	1345		Patrick Harris,
1338	1346		Secretary.
1339		-	House of Representatives
1340		-	Amended and passed: 09-Apr-25
1341		-	Senate concurred in House amendment 10-Apr-25
1342		-	By: Senator Jones
1343		-	632
1344		-	633
1345	1347		634
1346	1348		635
1347	1349		636
1348	1350		637
1349	1351		638
1350	1352		639
1351	1353		640
1352	1354		641
1353	1355		642
1354	1356		643
1355	1357		644
1356	1358		645
1357	1359		646
1358	1360		647
1359	1361		648
1360	1362		649
1361	1363		650
1362	1364		651
1363	1365		652
1364	1366		653
1365	1367		654
1366		-	655
1367		-	656
1368		-	657
1369		-	658
1370		-	659
1371		-	660
1372		-	661
1373		-	662
1374		-	663
1375		-	664
1376		-	665
1377		-	666
1378		-	667
1379		-	668
1380		-	669