Illinois 2025-2026 Regular Session

Illinois Senate Bill SB2379 Latest Draft

Bill / Introduced Version Filed 02/07/2025

                            104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
 State of Illinois
 2025 and 2026 SB2379 Introduced 2/7/2025, by Sen. John F. Curran SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED: 725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23740 ILCS 22/220750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23 Amends the Civil No Contact Order Act, the Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986, and the Protective Orders Article of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963. Provides that the court is encouraged to impose (i) a minimum penalty of 48 (rather than 24) hours imprisonment for a first violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order and (ii) a minimum penalty of 96 (rather than 48) hours imprisonment for a second or subsequent violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order. LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b   A BILL FOR 104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
 State of Illinois
 2025 and 2026 SB2379 Introduced 2/7/2025, by Sen. John F. Curran SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:  725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23740 ILCS 22/220750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23 725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23 740 ILCS 22/220  750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23 Amends the Civil No Contact Order Act, the Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986, and the Protective Orders Article of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963. Provides that the court is encouraged to impose (i) a minimum penalty of 48 (rather than 24) hours imprisonment for a first violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order and (ii) a minimum penalty of 96 (rather than 48) hours imprisonment for a second or subsequent violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order.  LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b     LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b   A BILL FOR
104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
 State of Illinois
 2025 and 2026 SB2379 Introduced 2/7/2025, by Sen. John F. Curran SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:
725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23740 ILCS 22/220750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23 725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23 740 ILCS 22/220  750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23
725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23
740 ILCS 22/220
750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23
Amends the Civil No Contact Order Act, the Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986, and the Protective Orders Article of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963. Provides that the court is encouraged to impose (i) a minimum penalty of 48 (rather than 24) hours imprisonment for a first violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order and (ii) a minimum penalty of 96 (rather than 48) hours imprisonment for a second or subsequent violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order.
LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b     LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b
    LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b
A BILL FOR
SB2379LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b   SB2379  LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b
  SB2379  LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b
1  AN ACT concerning victims of violence.
2  Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3  represented in the General Assembly:
4  Section 5. The Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963 is
5  amended by changing Section 112A-23 as follows:
6  (725 ILCS 5/112A-23) (from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23)
7  Sec. 112A-23. Enforcement of protective orders.
8  (a) When violation is crime. A violation of any protective
9  order, whether issued in a civil, quasi-criminal proceeding or
10  by a military judge, shall be enforced by a criminal court
11  when:
12  (1) The respondent commits the crime of violation of a
13  domestic violence order of protection pursuant to Section
14  12-3.4 or 12-30 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the
15  Criminal Code of 2012, by having knowingly violated:
16  (i) remedies described in paragraph (1), (2), (3),
17  (14), or (14.5) of subsection (b) of Section 112A-14
18  of this Code,
19  (ii) a remedy, which is substantially similar to
20  the remedies authorized under paragraph (1), (2), (3),
21  (14), or (14.5) of subsection (b) of Section 214 of the
22  Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986, in a valid
23  order of protection, which is authorized under the

 

104TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
 State of Illinois
 2025 and 2026 SB2379 Introduced 2/7/2025, by Sen. John F. Curran SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:
725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23740 ILCS 22/220750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23 725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23 740 ILCS 22/220  750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23
725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23
740 ILCS 22/220
750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23
Amends the Civil No Contact Order Act, the Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986, and the Protective Orders Article of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963. Provides that the court is encouraged to impose (i) a minimum penalty of 48 (rather than 24) hours imprisonment for a first violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order and (ii) a minimum penalty of 96 (rather than 48) hours imprisonment for a second or subsequent violation of a civil no contact order, an order of protection, or a protective order.
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    LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b
A BILL FOR

 

 

725 ILCS 5/112A-23 from Ch. 38, par. 112A-23
740 ILCS 22/220
750 ILCS 60/223 from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23



    LRB104 03940 RLC 13964 b

 

 



 

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1  laws of another state, tribe, or United States
2  territory, or
3  (iii) any other remedy when the act constitutes a
4  crime against the protected parties as defined by the
5  Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012.
6  Prosecution for a violation of a domestic violence
7  order of protection shall not bar concurrent prosecution
8  for any other crime, including any crime that may have
9  been committed at the time of the violation of the
10  domestic violence order of protection; or
11  (2) The respondent commits the crime of child
12  abduction pursuant to Section 10-5 of the Criminal Code of
13  1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012, by having knowingly
14  violated:
15  (i) remedies described in paragraph (5), (6), or
16  (8) of subsection (b) of Section 112A-14 of this Code,
17  or
18  (ii) a remedy, which is substantially similar to
19  the remedies authorized under paragraph (1), (5), (6),
20  or (8) of subsection (b) of Section 214 of the Illinois
21  Domestic Violence Act of 1986, in a valid domestic
22  violence order of protection, which is authorized
23  under the laws of another state, tribe, or United
24  States territory.
25  (3) The respondent commits the crime of violation of a
26  civil no contact order when the respondent violates

 

 

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1  Section 12-3.8 of the Criminal Code of 2012. Prosecution
2  for a violation of a civil no contact order shall not bar
3  concurrent prosecution for any other crime, including any
4  crime that may have been committed at the time of the
5  violation of the civil no contact order.
6  (4) The respondent commits the crime of violation of a
7  stalking no contact order when the respondent violates
8  Section 12-3.9 of the Criminal Code of 2012. Prosecution
9  for a violation of a stalking no contact order shall not
10  bar concurrent prosecution for any other crime, including
11  any crime that may have been committed at the time of the
12  violation of the stalking no contact order.
13  (b) When violation is contempt of court. A violation of
14  any valid protective order, whether issued in a civil or
15  criminal proceeding or by a military judge, may be enforced
16  through civil or criminal contempt procedures, as appropriate,
17  by any court with jurisdiction, regardless where the act or
18  acts which violated the protective order were committed, to
19  the extent consistent with the venue provisions of this
20  Article. Nothing in this Article shall preclude any Illinois
21  court from enforcing any valid protective order issued in
22  another state. Illinois courts may enforce protective orders
23  through both criminal prosecution and contempt proceedings,
24  unless the action which is second in time is barred by
25  collateral estoppel or the constitutional prohibition against
26  double jeopardy.

 

 

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1  (1) In a contempt proceeding where the petition for a
2  rule to show cause sets forth facts evidencing an
3  immediate danger that the respondent will flee the
4  jurisdiction, conceal a child, or inflict physical abuse
5  on the petitioner or minor children or on dependent adults
6  in petitioner's care, the court may order the attachment
7  of the respondent without prior service of the rule to
8  show cause or the petition for a rule to show cause. Bond
9  shall be set unless specifically denied in writing.
10  (2) A petition for a rule to show cause for violation
11  of a protective order shall be treated as an expedited
12  proceeding.
13  (c) Violation of custody, allocation of parental
14  responsibility, or support orders. A violation of remedies
15  described in paragraph (5), (6), (8), or (9) of subsection (b)
16  of Section 112A-14 of this Code may be enforced by any remedy
17  provided by Section 607.5 of the Illinois Marriage and
18  Dissolution of Marriage Act. The court may enforce any order
19  for support issued under paragraph (12) of subsection (b) of
20  Section 112A-14 of this Code in the manner provided for under
21  Parts V and VII of the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of
22  Marriage Act.
23  (d) Actual knowledge. A protective order may be enforced
24  pursuant to this Section if the respondent violates the order
25  after the respondent has actual knowledge of its contents as
26  shown through one of the following means:

 

 

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1  (1) (Blank).
2  (2) (Blank).
3  (3) By service of a protective order under subsection
4  (f) of Section 112A-17.5 or Section 112A-22 of this Code.
5  (4) By other means demonstrating actual knowledge of
6  the contents of the order.
7  (e) The enforcement of a protective order in civil or
8  criminal court shall not be affected by either of the
9  following:
10  (1) The existence of a separate, correlative order
11  entered under Section 112A-15 of this Code.
12  (2) Any finding or order entered in a conjoined
13  criminal proceeding.
14  (e-5) If a civil no contact order entered under subsection
15  (6) of Section 112A-20 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of
16  1963 conflicts with an order issued pursuant to the Juvenile
17  Court Act of 1987 or the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of
18  Marriage Act, the conflicting order issued under subsection
19  (6) of Section 112A-20 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of
20  1963 shall be void.
21  (f) Circumstances. The court, when determining whether or
22  not a violation of a protective order has occurred, shall not
23  require physical manifestations of abuse on the person of the
24  victim.
25  (g) Penalties.
26  (1) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this

 

 

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1  subsection (g), where the court finds the commission of a
2  crime or contempt of court under subsection (a) or (b) of
3  this Section, the penalty shall be the penalty that
4  generally applies in such criminal or contempt
5  proceedings, and may include one or more of the following:
6  incarceration, payment of restitution, a fine, payment of
7  attorneys' fees and costs, or community service.
8  (2) The court shall hear and take into account
9  evidence of any factors in aggravation or mitigation
10  before deciding an appropriate penalty under paragraph (1)
11  of this subsection (g).
12  (3) To the extent permitted by law, the court is
13  encouraged to:
14  (i) increase the penalty for the knowing violation
15  of any protective order over any penalty previously
16  imposed by any court for respondent's violation of any
17  protective order or penal statute involving petitioner
18  as victim and respondent as defendant;
19  (ii) impose a minimum penalty of 48 24 hours
20  imprisonment for respondent's first violation of any
21  protective order; and
22  (iii) impose a minimum penalty of 96 48 hours
23  imprisonment for respondent's second or subsequent
24  violation of a protective order
25  unless the court explicitly finds that an increased
26  penalty or that period of imprisonment would be manifestly

 

 

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1  unjust.
2  (4) In addition to any other penalties imposed for a
3  violation of a protective order, a criminal court may
4  consider evidence of any violations of a protective order:
5  (i) to modify the conditions of pretrial release
6  on an underlying criminal charge pursuant to Section
7  110-6 of this Code;
8  (ii) to revoke or modify an order of probation,
9  conditional discharge, or supervision, pursuant to
10  Section 5-6-4 of the Unified Code of Corrections;
11  (iii) to revoke or modify a sentence of periodic
12  imprisonment, pursuant to Section 5-7-2 of the Unified
13  Code of Corrections.
14  (Source: P.A. 102-184, eff. 1-1-22; 102-558, eff. 8-20-21;
15  102-813, eff. 5-13-22; 102-890, eff. 5-19-22; 103-407, eff.
16  7-28-23.)
17  Section 10. The Civil No Contact Order Act is amended by
18  changing Section 220 as follows:
19  (740 ILCS 22/220)
20  Sec. 220. Enforcement of a civil no contact order.
21  (a) Nothing in this Act shall preclude any Illinois court
22  from enforcing a valid protective order issued in another
23  state or by a military judge.
24  (b) Illinois courts may enforce civil no contact orders

 

 

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1  through both criminal proceedings and civil contempt
2  proceedings, unless the action which is second in time is
3  barred by collateral estoppel or the constitutional
4  prohibition against double jeopardy.
5  (b-1) The court shall not hold a school district or
6  private or non-public school or any of its employees in civil
7  or criminal contempt unless the school district or private or
8  non-public school has been allowed to intervene.
9  (b-2) The court may hold the parents, guardian, or legal
10  custodian of a minor respondent in civil or criminal contempt
11  for a violation of any provision of any order entered under
12  this Act for conduct of the minor respondent in violation of
13  this Act if the parents, guardian, or legal custodian
14  directed, encouraged, or assisted the respondent minor in such
15  conduct.
16  (c) Criminal prosecution. A violation of any civil no
17  contact order, whether issued in a civil or criminal
18  proceeding or by a military judge, shall be enforced by a
19  criminal court when the respondent commits the crime of
20  violation of a civil no contact order pursuant to Section 219
21  by having knowingly violated:
22  (1) remedies described in Section 213 and included in
23  a civil no contact order; or
24  (2) a provision of an order, which is substantially
25  similar to provisions of Section 213, in a valid civil no
26  contact order which is authorized under the laws of

 

 

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1  another state, tribe, or United States territory.
2  Prosecution for a violation of a civil no contact order
3  shall not bar a concurrent prosecution for any other crime,
4  including any crime that may have been committed at the time of
5  the violation of the civil no contact order.
6  (d) Contempt of court. A violation of any valid Illinois
7  civil no contact order, whether issued in a civil or criminal
8  proceeding, may be enforced through civil or criminal contempt
9  procedures, as appropriate, by any court with jurisdiction,
10  regardless of where the act or acts which violated the civil no
11  contact order were committed, to the extent consistent with
12  the venue provisions of this Act.
13  (1) In a contempt proceeding where the petition for a
14  rule to show cause or petition for adjudication of
15  criminal contempt sets forth facts evidencing an immediate
16  danger that the respondent will flee the jurisdiction or
17  inflict physical abuse on the petitioner or minor children
18  or on dependent adults in the petitioner's care, the court
19  may order the attachment of the respondent without prior
20  service of the petition for a rule to show cause, the rule
21  to show cause, the petition for adjudication of criminal
22  contempt or the adjudication of criminal contempt.
23  Conditions of release shall be set unless specifically
24  denied in writing.
25  (2) A petition for a rule to show cause or a petition
26  for adjudication of criminal contempt for violation of a

 

 

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1  civil no contact order shall be treated as an expedited
2  proceeding.
3  (e) Actual knowledge. A civil no contact order may be
4  enforced pursuant to this Section if the respondent violates
5  the order after the respondent has actual knowledge of its
6  contents as shown through one of the following means:
7  (1) by service, delivery, or notice under Section 208;
8  (2) by notice under Section 218;
9  (3) by service of a civil no contact order under
10  Section 218; or
11  (4) by other means demonstrating actual knowledge of
12  the contents of the order.
13  (f) The enforcement of a civil no contact order in civil or
14  criminal court shall not be affected by either of the
15  following:
16  (1) the existence of a separate, correlative order,
17  entered under Section 202; or
18  (2) any finding or order entered in a conjoined
19  criminal proceeding.
20  (g) Circumstances. The court, when determining whether or
21  not a violation of a civil no contact order has occurred, shall
22  not require physical manifestations of abuse on the person of
23  the victim.
24  (h) Penalties.
25  (1) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this
26  subsection, where the court finds the commission of a

 

 

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1  crime or contempt of court under subsection (a) or (b) of
2  this Section, the penalty shall be the penalty that
3  generally applies in such criminal or contempt
4  proceedings, and may include one or more of the following:
5  incarceration, payment of restitution, a fine, payment of
6  attorneys' fees and costs, or community service.
7  (2) The court shall hear and take into account
8  evidence of any factors in aggravation or mitigation
9  before deciding an appropriate penalty under paragraph (1)
10  of this subsection.
11  (3) To the extent permitted by law, the court is
12  encouraged to:
13  (i) increase the penalty for the knowing violation
14  of any civil no contact order over any penalty
15  previously imposed by any court for respondent's
16  violation of any civil no contact order or penal
17  statute involving petitioner as victim and respondent
18  as defendant;
19  (ii) impose a minimum penalty of 48 24 hours
20  imprisonment for respondent's first violation of any
21  civil no contact order; and
22  (iii) impose a minimum penalty of 96 48 hours
23  imprisonment for respondent's second or subsequent
24  violation of a civil no contact order unless the court
25  explicitly finds that an increased penalty or that
26  period of imprisonment would be manifestly unjust.

 

 

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1  (4) In addition to any other penalties imposed for a
2  violation of a civil no contact order, a criminal court
3  may consider evidence of any previous violations of a
4  civil no contact order:
5  (i) to modify the conditions of pretrial release
6  on an underlying criminal charge pursuant to Section
7  110-6 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963;
8  (ii) to revoke or modify an order of probation,
9  conditional discharge or supervision, pursuant to
10  Section 5-6-4 of the Unified Code of Corrections; or
11  (iii) to revoke or modify a sentence of periodic
12  imprisonment, pursuant to Section 5-7-2 of the Unified
13  Code of Corrections.
14  (Source: P.A. 103-407, eff. 7-28-23.)
15  Section 15. The Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986 is
16  amended by changing Section 223 as follows:
17  (750 ILCS 60/223) (from Ch. 40, par. 2312-23)
18  Sec. 223. Enforcement of orders of protection.
19  (a) When violation is crime. A violation of any order of
20  protection, whether issued in a civil or criminal proceeding
21  or by a military judge, shall be enforced by a criminal court
22  when:
23  (1) The respondent commits the crime of violation of
24  an order of protection pursuant to Section 12-3.4 or 12-30

 

 

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1  of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012,
2  by having knowingly violated:
3  (i) remedies described in paragraphs (1), (2),
4  (3), (14), or (14.5) of subsection (b) of Section 214
5  of this Act; or
6  (ii) a remedy, which is substantially similar to
7  the remedies authorized under paragraphs (1), (2),
8  (3), (14), and (14.5) of subsection (b) of Section 214
9  of this Act, in a valid order of protection which is
10  authorized under the laws of another state, tribe, or
11  United States territory; or
12  (iii) any other remedy when the act constitutes a
13  crime against the protected parties as defined by the
14  Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012.
15  Prosecution for a violation of an order of protection
16  shall not bar concurrent prosecution for any other crime,
17  including any crime that may have been committed at the
18  time of the violation of the order of protection; or
19  (2) The respondent commits the crime of child
20  abduction pursuant to Section 10-5 of the Criminal Code of
21  1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012, by having knowingly
22  violated:
23  (i) remedies described in paragraphs (5), (6) or
24  (8) of subsection (b) of Section 214 of this Act; or
25  (ii) a remedy, which is substantially similar to
26  the remedies authorized under paragraphs (5), (6), or

 

 

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1  (8) of subsection (b) of Section 214 of this Act, in a
2  valid order of protection which is authorized under
3  the laws of another state, tribe, or United States
4  territory.
5  (b) When violation is contempt of court. A violation of
6  any valid Illinois order of protection, whether issued in a
7  civil or criminal proceeding or by a military judge, may be
8  enforced through civil or criminal contempt procedures, as
9  appropriate, by any court with jurisdiction, regardless where
10  the act or acts which violated the order of protection were
11  committed, to the extent consistent with the venue provisions
12  of this Act. Nothing in this Act shall preclude any Illinois
13  court from enforcing any valid order of protection issued in
14  another state. Illinois courts may enforce orders of
15  protection through both criminal prosecution and contempt
16  proceedings, unless the action which is second in time is
17  barred by collateral estoppel or the constitutional
18  prohibition against double jeopardy.
19  (1) In a contempt proceeding where the petition for a
20  rule to show cause sets forth facts evidencing an
21  immediate danger that the respondent will flee the
22  jurisdiction, conceal a child, or inflict physical abuse
23  on the petitioner or minor children or on dependent adults
24  in petitioner's care, the court may order the attachment
25  of the respondent without prior service of the rule to
26  show cause or the petition for a rule to show cause.

 

 

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1  Conditions of release shall be set unless specifically
2  denied in writing.
3  (2) A petition for a rule to show cause for violation
4  of an order of protection shall be treated as an expedited
5  proceeding.
6  (b-1) The court shall not hold a school district or
7  private or non-public school or any of its employees in civil
8  or criminal contempt unless the school district or private or
9  non-public school has been allowed to intervene.
10  (b-2) The court may hold the parents, guardian, or legal
11  custodian of a minor respondent in civil or criminal contempt
12  for a violation of any provision of any order entered under
13  this Act for conduct of the minor respondent in violation of
14  this Act if the parents, guardian, or legal custodian
15  directed, encouraged, or assisted the respondent minor in such
16  conduct.
17  (c) Violation of custody or support orders or temporary or
18  final judgments allocating parental responsibilities. A
19  violation of remedies described in paragraphs (5), (6), (8),
20  or (9) of subsection (b) of Section 214 of this Act may be
21  enforced by any remedy provided by Section 607.5 of the
22  Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act. The court
23  may enforce any order for support issued under paragraph (12)
24  of subsection (b) of Section 214 in the manner provided for
25  under Parts V and VII of the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution
26  of Marriage Act.

 

 

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1  (d) Actual knowledge. An order of protection may be
2  enforced pursuant to this Section if the respondent violates
3  the order after the respondent has actual knowledge of its
4  contents as shown through one of the following means:
5  (1) By service, delivery, or notice under Section 210.
6  (2) By notice under Section 210.1 or 211.
7  (3) By service of an order of protection under Section
8  222.
9  (4) By other means demonstrating actual knowledge of
10  the contents of the order.
11  (e) The enforcement of an order of protection in civil or
12  criminal court shall not be affected by either of the
13  following:
14  (1) The existence of a separate, correlative order,
15  entered under Section 215.
16  (2) Any finding or order entered in a conjoined
17  criminal proceeding.
18  (f) Circumstances. The court, when determining whether or
19  not a violation of an order of protection has occurred, shall
20  not require physical manifestations of abuse on the person of
21  the victim.
22  (g) Penalties.
23  (1) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this
24  subsection, where the court finds the commission of a
25  crime or contempt of court under subsections (a) or (b) of
26  this Section, the penalty shall be the penalty that

 

 

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1  generally applies in such criminal or contempt
2  proceedings, and may include one or more of the following:
3  incarceration, payment of restitution, a fine, payment of
4  attorneys' fees and costs, or community service.
5  (2) The court shall hear and take into account
6  evidence of any factors in aggravation or mitigation
7  before deciding an appropriate penalty under paragraph (1)
8  of this subsection.
9  (3) To the extent permitted by law, the court is
10  encouraged to:
11  (i) increase the penalty for the knowing violation
12  of any order of protection over any penalty previously
13  imposed by any court for respondent's violation of any
14  order of protection or penal statute involving
15  petitioner as victim and respondent as defendant;
16  (ii) impose a minimum penalty of 48 24 hours
17  imprisonment for respondent's first violation of any
18  order of protection; and
19  (iii) impose a minimum penalty of 96 48 hours
20  imprisonment for respondent's second or subsequent
21  violation of an order of protection
22  unless the court explicitly finds that an increased
23  penalty or that period of imprisonment would be manifestly
24  unjust.
25  (4) In addition to any other penalties imposed for a
26  violation of an order of protection, a criminal court may

 

 

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