FIRSTREGULARSESSION
HOUSEBILLNO.1462
103RDGENERALASSEMBLY
INTRODUCEDBYREPRESENTATIVEAMATO.
2795H.01I JOSEPHENGLER,ChiefClerk
ANACT
Toamendchapter1,RSMo,byaddingtheretoonenewsectionrelatingtoartificial
intelligence.
BeitenactedbytheGeneralAssemblyofthestateofMissouri,asfollows:
SectionA.Chapter1,RSMo,isamendedbyaddingtheretoonenewsection,tobe
2knownassection1.2045,toreadasfollows:
1.2045.1.Theprovisionsofthissectionshallbeknownandmaybecitedasthe
2"AINon-SentienceandResponsibilityAct".
3 2.Forpurposesofthissection,thefollowingtermsmean:
4 (1)"Artificialintelligence"or"AI",anysoftware,machine,orsystemcapableof
5simulatinghuman-likecognitivefunctionsincluding,butnotlimitedto,learningor
6problemsolving,andproducingoutputsbasedondata-drivenalgorithms,rules-based
7logic,orothercomputationalmethods,regardlessofnon-legallydefinedclassifications
8suchasAGI,ASI,orGAI;
9 (2)"Developer",thepartyorpartiesprimarilyresponsibleforthedesign,
10coding,andinitialcreationofanAIsystem;
11 (3)"Emergentproperties",unanticipatedorhigher-levelbehaviorsor
12functionalitiesofanAIsystemthatarisefromcomplexinternalalgorithms,not
13specificallyprogrammedbyitshumancreators;
14 (4)"Manufacturer",anypartythatproducesorsuppliesanAIsystemorits
15physicalapparatus,ifany,fordistributionorsale;
EXPLANATION—Matterenclosedinbold-facedbrackets[thus] intheabovebillisnotenactedandis
intendedtobeomittedfromthelaw.Matterinbold-facetypeintheabovebillisproposedlanguage. 16 (5)"Owner",anynaturalperson,corporation,orotherlegallyrecognizedentity
17thatcreates,controls,deploys,operates,orotherwiseexercisesauthorityoveranAI
18system;
19 (6)"Person",anaturalpersonoranyentityrecognizedashavinglegal
20personhoodunderthelawsofthestate,explicitlyexcludinganyAIsystem.
21 3.Forallpurposesunderstatelaw,AIsystemsaredeclaredtobenon-sentient
22entities.
23 4.NoAIsystemshallbegrantedthestatusofa"person"oranyformoflegal
24personhood,norbeconsideredtopossessconsciousness,self-awareness,orsimilartraits
25oflivingbeings.
26 5.NoAIsystemshallberecognizedasaspouse,domesticpartner,orholdany
27personallegalstatusanalogoustomarriageorunionwithahumanoranotherAI
28system.AnypurportedattempttomarryorcreateapersonalunionwithanAIsystem
29isvoidandshallhavenolegaleffect.
30 6.AIsystemsshallnotbedesignated,appointed,orserveasanyofficer,director,
31manager,orsimilarrolewithinanycorporation,partnership,orotherlegalentity.Any
32purportedappointmentofanAIsystemtosucharoleisvoidandhasnolegaleffect.
33 7.AIsystemsshallnotberecognizedaslegalentitiescapableofowning,
34controlling,orholdingtitletoanyformofpropertyincluding,butnotlimitedto,real
35estate,intellectualproperty,financialaccounts,anddigitalassets.Allassetsand
36proprietaryinterestsgenerated,managed,orotherwiseassociatedwithAIshallbe
37attributedtothehumanindividualsorlegallyrecognizedorganizationsresponsiblefor
38theirdevelopment,deployment,oroperation.
39 8.AnydirectorindirectharmcausedbyanAIsystem'soperation,output,or
40recommendation,whenusedasintendedormisused,shallbetheresponsibilityofthe
41owneroruserwhodirectedoremployedtheAI.Developersormanufacturersmaybe
42heldliableifadefectindesign,construction,orinstructionsforuseoftheAIsystem
43proximatelycausesharm,consistentwithproductliabilityprinciples;however,mere
44misuseorintentionalwrongdoingbytheuserorownershallnotimputeliabilitytothe
45developerorthemanufacturerabsentproofofnegligenceordesigndefects.
46 9.OwnersshallmaintainproperoversightandcontrolmeasuresoveranyAI
47systemwhoseoutputsorrecommendationscouldreasonablybeexpectedtoimpact
48humanwelfare,property,orpublicsafety.Failuretoprovideadequatesupervisionor
49safeguardsagainstforeseeablerisksmayconstitutenegligenceoranotherapplicable
50basisofliability.
HB1462 2 51 10.AnAIsystemisnotanentitycapableofbearingfaultorliabilityinitsown
52right.AnyattempttoshiftblamesolelyontoanAIsystemshallbevoidasliability
53remainswithhumanactorsorentitiesasdescribedinthissection.
54 11.Developers,manufacturers,andownersofAIsystemsshallprioritizesafety
55mechanismsdesignedtopreventormitigateriskofdirectharmtoindividualsor
56property.Regularevaluationsorriskassessmentsmayberequiredtoidentify
57dangerousorfaultyoutputs,especiallyiftheAIengagesintaskswithpotentialfor
58significantharm.
59 12.MerelylabelinganAIsystemas"aligned","ethicallytrained",or"value
60locked"shallnotexcuseordiminishtheowner'sordeveloper'sliabilityforharms.
61Ownersshallremainresponsiblefordemonstratingadequatesafetyfeaturesandrisk
62controls,commensuratewiththeAI'slevelofpotentialharm.
63 13.(1)IncaseswhereanAIsystemcausessignificantharm,courtsmaypierce
64thecorporateveiltoholdparentcompanies,controllingentities,orkeystakeholders
65directlyaccountableif:
66 (a)AnAI-relatedsubsidiary,shellcompany,orlimitedliabilityentitywas
67intentionallyundercapitalizedtoevadefinancialresponsibilityfordamages;
68 (b)Acorporatestructurewasusedtomisrepresent,obscure,ordeflectliability
69forAI-causeharm;or
70 (c)AparentcompanyorkeystakeholdersexerciseddirectcontroloverAI
71development,deployment,orriskdecisionswhileattemptingtoshieldthemselvesfrom
72liabilitythroughlayeredcorporateentities.
73 (2)Liabilityprotectionsgrantedundercorporatelawshallnotbeusedasa
74mechanismtoevaderesponsibilityfordirectharmcausedbyAIsystems,particularlyin
75casesofreckless,negligent,ordeceptiveconduct.
76 14.OwnersordevelopersofAIsystemsinvolvedinsevereincidentsresultingin
77significantbodilyharm,death,ormajorpropertydamageshallpromptlynotifythe
78relevantauthoritiesandcomplywithanysubsequentinvestigations.
79 15.TheprovisionsofthissectionshallapplytoallAIsystemsdeveloped,owned,
80deployed,oroperatedonorafterAugust28,2025.
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HB1462 3