Oklahoma 2022 2022 Regular Session

Oklahoma Senate Bill SB554 Engrossed / Bill

Filed 03/08/2021

                     
 
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ENGROSSED SENATE 
BILL NO. 554 	By: Newhouse of the Senate 
 
  and 
 
  Kannady of the House 
 
 
 
 
An Act relating to liens for service on personal 
property; amending 42 O.S. 2011, Section 91A, as last 
amended by Section 1, Chapter 183, O.S.L. 2 017 (42 
O.S. Supp. 2020, Section 91A), which relates to 
procedures for lien on certain personal property; 
increasing allowable fee for processing of cert ain 
notice; updating statutory language; and providing an 
effective date. 
 
 
 
 
BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA: 
SECTION 1.     AMENDATORY     42 O.S. 2011, Section 91A, as last 
amended by Section 1, Chapter 183, O.S.L. 2017 (42 O.S. Supp. 202 0, 
Section 91A), is amended to read a s follows: 
Section 91A.  
A. 1. a. This section applies to all types of personal property 
other than: 
(1) farm equipment as def ined in Section 91.2 of this 
title, and 
(2) “Section 91 Personal Property ” as defined in 
Section 91 of this title. 
b. This section applies to any vehicle, all -terrain 
vehicle, utility vehicle, manufactured home,   
 
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motorcycle, boat, outboard motor, or trailer that is 
excluded from covera ge under subsection A of Section 
91 of this title because the personal p roperty: 
(1) does not have a certificate of title, 
(2) has a certificate of title but does not have an 
active lien recorded on the certificate of title, 
(3) has a certificate of titl e that is not issued by 
the Oklahoma Tax Commission or by a federally 
recognized Indian tribe in the S tate of Oklahoma, 
or 
(4) is otherwise excluded by subparagraph b of 
paragraph 1 of subsection A of Section 91 of this 
title or subsection D of Section 91 of this 
title. 
c. If personal property has a certificate of title, or 
would be required to have a cert ificate of title under 
Oklahoma law, and is apparently covered both by this 
section and by Sections 191 through 200 of this t itle, 
the procedures set out in this section shall apply 
instead of Sections 191 through 200 of this ti tle.  If 
personal property without a certificate of title and 
not required to be titled under Oklahoma law is 
covered both by this section and Sections 1 91 through 
200 of this title, the procedures set out in Sections   
 
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191 through 200 of this title shall ap ply instead of 
this section. 
2. a. Any person who, while lawfully in p ossession of an 
article of personal property to which this section 
applies, renders any service to the owner the reof by 
furnishing storage, rental space, material, labor or 
skill for the protection, improvement, sa fekeeping, 
towing, right to occupy space, storage or carriage 
thereof, has a special lien thereon, dependent on 
possession, for the compensation, if any, which is due 
to such person from the owner for such service.  
Charges owed under a contract primarily for the 
purpose of storage or rental of sp ace shall be accrued 
only at the regular periodic rate for storage or 
rental as provided in the contract, adjust ed for 
partial periods of storage or rental. 
b. Except for Class AA licens ed wrecker towing charges, 
the special lien shall be subordinate to an y perfected 
security interest unless the claimant complies with 
the requirements of this section.  Failure to co mply 
with any requirements of this section shall result in 
denial of any title application and cause t he special 
lien to be subordinate to any p erfected lien. Upon 
such denial, the applicant shall be entitled to one   
 
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resubmission of the title application w ithin thirty 
(30) business days of receipt of the denial, and 
proceed to comply with the requirements of this 
section.  “Failure to comply” includes, but is not 
limited to: 
(1) failure to timely provide additional 
documentation supporting or verifying any entry 
on submitted forms as requested by the Tax 
Commission, 
(2) failure to provide the documentation supporting 
lawful possession as outlined i n paragraph 3 of 
subsection H of this section, 
(3) claimant being other than the in dividual who 
provided the service giving rise to the special 
lien, as in subparagraph a of this paragra ph, 
(4) claimant not being i n possession of the vehicle, 
or 
(5) notification and proceedings not accomplished in 
accordance with subparagraph c of this p aragraph, 
and paragraph 3 of this subsection. 
c. Any person claiming a lien under this section shall 
request, within five (5) busin ess days of performing 
any service or work on the property, the Tax 
Commission or other appropriate license agency to   
 
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furnish the name and address of the current owner of 
and any lienholder upon the property.  The Motor 
Vehicle Division of the Tax Commissi on or appropriate 
license agency shall res pond in person or by mail to 
the lien claimant within ten (10) business days of the 
receipt of the request for i nformation.  The Tax 
Commission shall render assistance to ascertain 
ownership, if needed.  The lien c laimant shall send, 
within seven (7) busin ess days of receipt of the 
requested information from the Oklahoma Tax Commission 
or other license agency, a not ice of the location of 
the property by certified mail with return receipt 
requested, postage prepaid, to the owner and any 
lienholder of the veh icle at the addresses furnished.  
The lien claimant may charge Twenty Dollars ($20. 00) 
not more than Fifty Dolla rs ($50.00) for processing 
plus including the cost of postage if the notic e is 
timely sent pursuant to the requirements of this 
subparagraph in addition to fees regulated by the 
Oklahoma Corporation Commission for licensed wreckers.  
If the lien claimant i s unable to meet the time 
requirements due to a lack of or an altered vehi cle 
identification number on the property, the lien 
claimant shall proceed diligently to obtain the proper   
 
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vehicle identification number and shall meet the time 
requirements on the n otice once the vehicle 
identification number is known.  If the lien claima nt 
is required to send addit ional notices because of 
change of ownership or lienholder after it has timely 
complied with the requirements of this subparagraph, 
the lien claimant shal l remain in compliance if such 
additional notices are sent within the requ ired time 
periods from the date of discovery of the new owners 
or lienholders.  The notice shall be in writing and 
shall contain, but not be limited to, the following: 
(1) a statement that the notice is a Notice of 
Possessory Lien, 
(2) the complete legal n ame, physical and mailing 
address, and telephone number of the claiman t, 
(3) the complete legal name, physical and mailing 
address of the person who requested that the 
claimant render service to the owner by 
furnishing material, labor or skill, storage , or 
rental space, or the date t he property was 
abandoned if the claimant did not render any 
other service, 
(4) a description of the article of personal 
property, and the complete physic al and mailing   
 
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address of the location of the article of 
personal property, 
(5) the nature of the work , labor or service 
performed, material fur nished, or the storage or 
rental arrangement, and the date thereof, and 
written proof of authority to perform th e work, 
labor or service provided that, in the case of a 
law enforcement directed tow, the logbook ent ry 
prescribed in OAC 595:25 -5-5 or the tow ticket as 
defined by the Corporation Commission shall serve 
as written proof of authority, 
(6) the signature of the claimant which shall be 
notarized and, if applicable, the signature o f 
the claimant’s attorney.  If the claimant is a 
business, the name of the contact person 
representing the business shall be shown.  In 
place of an original signature and notary seal , a 
digital or electronic signature or seal shall be 
accepted, and 
(7) an itemized statement describin g the date or 
dates the labor or services were performed and 
material furnished and the charges claimed for 
each item, the totals of which shall equal the 
total compensation claimed.   
 
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The lien claimant shall not be required to se nd the 
notice required in th is subparagraph if the property 
is released to an interested party before the notice 
is mailed and no additional charges or fees continue 
to accrue.  If a law enforcement agency has the 
property towed to a law enforcement facili ty, the 
person claiming a li en under this section shall not be 
required to send notice until the property is released 
by law enforcement to the claimant or the date which 
claimant starts charging storage, whichever is 
earlier.  A lien claimant shall have a n extension of 
ten (10) business days to send the notice required in 
this subparagraph if a state of emergency has been 
declared in the county in which the property is 
located. 
d. Subparagraphs b and c of this paragraph shall not 
apply to salvage pools as defined in Section 591.2 of 
Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes. 
3.  The lien may be foreclosed by a sale of such personal 
property upon the notice and in the manner following:  The no tice 
shall be in writing and shall contain, but not be limited to: 
a. the names of the owner and any o ther known party or 
parties who may claim any interest in the property,   
 
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b. a description of the property to be sold, including a 
visual inspection or a ph otograph if the property is a 
motor vehicle, and the physical location of the 
property, 
c. the nature of the work, labor or service performed, 
material furnished, or the storage or rental 
arrangement, and the date thereof, and written proof 
of authority to perform the work, labor or service 
provided.  In the case of a law enforc ement directed 
tow, the logbook entry prescribed in OAC 595:25 -5-5 or 
the tow ticket as defined by the Corporation 
Commission, shall serve as written proof of authority, 
d. the time and place of sale, 
e. the name, telephone number, physical address and 
mailing address of the claimant , and agent or 
attorney, if any, foreclosi ng such lien.  If the 
claimant is a business, then the name of the contact 
person representing the business must be shown.  In 
place of an original signature and notary seal, a 
digital or electronic signature or se al shall be 
accepted, and 
f. itemized charges which shall equal the total 
compensation claimed.   
 
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4. a. Such Notice of Sale shall be posted in two public 
places in the county where the property is to be sold 
at least ten (10) days before the time therein 
specified for such sale, and a copy of the no tice 
shall be mailed to the owner and any other party 
claiming any interest in the property, if known, at 
their last-known post office address, by certified 
mail, return receipt requeste d, at least ten (10) days 
before the time therein specified for such s ale.  If 
the item of personal property is a manufactured home, 
notice shall also be sent by certified mail to th e 
county treasurer and to the county assessor of the 
county where the manu factured home is located. 
b. In the case of any item of personal prope rty without a 
certificate of title and not required to be titled 
under Oklahoma law, a party who claims any inte rest in 
the property shall include all owners of the property; 
any secured party who has an active fin ancing 
statement on file with the county c lerk of Oklahoma 
County listing one or more owners of the property by 
legal name as debtors and indicating a col lateral 
description that would include the property; and any 
other person having any interest in the p ersonal 
property, of whom the claimant has actual notice.   
 
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c. In the case of personal property subject to this 
section for which a certificate of title has been 
issued by any jurisdiction, a party who claims any 
interest in the property shall include all ow ners of 
the article of personal property a s indicated by the 
certificate of title; lien debtors, if any, other than 
the owners; any lienholder whose lien is noted on the 
face of the certificate of title; and any other person 
having any interest in the arti cle of personal 
property, of whom the clai mant has actual notice. 
d. When the jurisdiction of titling for a vehicle, all -
terrain vehicle, motorcycle, boat , outboard motor, or 
trailer that is five (5) model years old or newer, or 
a manufactured home that is fifteen (15) model years 
old or newer, cannot be determined by ordinary means, 
the claimant, the agent of the claimant, or the 
attorney of the claimant, shall request, in writing, 
that the Oklahoma Tax Commission Motor Vehicle 
Division ascertain the juris diction where the vehicle 
or manufactured home is titled.  The Oklahoma Tax 
Commission Motor Vehicle Division shall, within 
fourteen (14) days from the da te the request is 
received, provide information as to the jurisdiction 
where the personal property is titled.  If the   
 
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Oklahoma Tax Commission Mo tor Vehicle Division is 
unable to provide the information, it shall provide 
notice that the record is not availa ble. 
e. When personal property is of a type that Oklahoma law 
requires to be titled, the owner of reco rd of that 
property is unknown, and the ju risdiction of titling 
and owner of record cannot be determined by ordinary 
means and also, if applicable, cannot be determined in 
accordance with the preceding subparagraph, then the 
special lien may be foreclosed by publication of a 
legal notice in a lega l newspaper in the county where 
the personal property is located, as defined in 
Section 106 of Title 25 of the O klahoma Statutes.  
Such notice shall include the description of the 
property by year, make, vehicle id entification number 
if available from the property, the name of the 
individual who may be contacted for information, and 
the telephone number of that pers on or the address 
where the vehicle is located.  The legal notice shall 
be published once per week for three (3) consecutive 
weeks.  As soon as circumstances exist as described in 
the first sentence of this subparagraph, the first 
date of publication may o ccur even if the special lien 
has not accrued for over thirty (30) days.  The first   
 
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date available for public sale of the vehicle is the 
day following publication of the final notice, but no 
fewer than thirty (30) days after the lien has 
accrued.  When the owner of record is unknown, the 
Notice of Sale nevertheless must be compl eted and 
mailed to any known interested party by certified 
mail.  For purposes of this paragraph, interested 
parties shall include all persons described in 
subparagraph b or subparag raph c of this paragraph, 
whichever is applicable, with the exception of a ny 
owner who is unknown.  Ex cept in circumstances 
described in paragra ph 7 of this subsection that 
provide for a shorter time period, the Notice of Sale 
shall be posted in two public places in the county 
where the property is to be sold at least ten (10) 
days before the time therein specified for such sale, 
and the Notice of Sale shall not be mailed until at 
least thirty (30) days after the lien has accrued. 
5.  The lienor or any othe r person may in good faith become a 
purchaser of the property sold. 
6.  Proceedings for foreclosure un der this act shall not be 
commenced until thirty (30) days after the lien has accrued, except 
as provided elsewhere in Oklahoma law.   
 
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7.  Notwithstanding a ny other provision of law, proceedings for 
foreclosures for the storage of junk vehicles towed and sto red 
pursuant to Section 955 of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes by 
Class AA wreckers listed with the Motor Vehicle Division of the 
Department of Public S afety, may be commenced five (5) days after 
the lien has accrued.  For pur poses of this paragraph, “junk 
vehicles” means any vehicle that is mor e than ten (10) years old if 
the cost of a comparable vehicle would be less than Three Hundred 
Dollars ($300.00) as quoted in the latest edition of the National 
Automobile Dealers Associ ation Official Used Car Guid e or latest 
monthly edition of any other n ationally recognized published 
guidebook, adjusting to the condition of the vehicle. 
B. 1. a. Any person who is induced by means of a check or other 
form of written order for immediate p ayment of money 
to deliver up possession of an article of personal 
property on which the person has a special lien 
created by subsection A of this section, which check 
or other written order is dishonored, or is not paid 
when presented, shall have a lien f or the amount 
thereof upon the personal property. 
b. The person claiming such lien shall, within thirty 
(30) days from the date of dishonor of the check or 
other written order for pa yment of money, file in the   
 
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office of the county clerk of the county in wh ich the 
property is situated a sworn statement that: 
(1) the check or other written order for immediate 
payment of money, copy thereof being attached, 
was received for labor, materia l or supplies for 
producing or repairing an article of personal 
property, or for other specific proper ty-related 
services covered by this sectio n, 
(2) the check or other written order was not paid, 
and 
(3) the uttering of the check or other written order 
constituted the means for inducing the person, 
one possessed of a special l ien created by 
subsection A of this section upon the described 
article of personal property, to deliver up the 
article of personal property. 
2. a. Any person who renders service to t he owner of an 
article of personal property by furnishing storage, 
rental space, material, labor , or skill for the 
protection, improvement, safe keeping, towing, right to 
occupy space, storage , or carriage thereof shall have 
a special lien on such property pursuant to this 
section if such property is removed from the person ’s   
 
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possession, without such person ’s written consent or 
without payment for such service. 
b. The person claiming such lien shall, within five (5) 
days of such nonauthorized removal, file i n the office 
of the county clerk of the county in which the 
property is located, a sworn statement inc luding: 
(1) that services were rendered on or in relation to 
the article of personal property by the person 
claiming such lien, 
(2) that the property was in the possession of the 
person claiming the lien but such property was 
removed without his or her wri tten consent, 
(3) an identifying descripti on of the article of 
personal property on or in relation to which the 
service was rendered, and 
(4) that the debt for the services rendered on or in 
relation to the article of personal p roperty was 
not paid.  Provided, if the unpaid total amount 
of the debt for services rendered on or in 
relation to the article of personal property is 
unknown, an approximated amount of the debt due 
and owing shall be included in the sworn 
statement but such approximated debt may be 
amended within thirty (30) days of such fi ling to   
 
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reflect the actual amount of the debt due and 
owing. 
3.  The enforcement of the lien shall be within six ty (60) days 
after filing the lien in the manner provided by law for enfor cing 
the lien of a security agreement and provided that the lien shall 
not affect the rights of innocent, intervening purchasers without 
notice. 
C.  If the person who renders service to the owner of an article 
of personal property to which this section app lies relinquishes or 
loses possession of the article due to circumstan ces described in 
subparagraph a of paragraph 1 or subparagraph a of paragraph 2 of 
subsection B of this section, the person claiming the lien shall be 
entitled to possession of the artic le until the amount due is p aid, 
unless the article is possessed by a person who became a bona fide 
purchaser.  Entitlement to possession shall be in accordance with 
the following: 
1.  The claimant may take possession of an article pursuant to 
this subsection only if the person oblig ated under the contract for 
services has signed an acknowledgment of receipt of a notice that 
the article may be subject to repossession.  The notice and 
acknowledgment pursuant to this subsection shall be: 
a. in writing and separate from the written contr act for 
services, or   
 
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b. printed on the written contract for services, credit 
agreement or other document which displays the notice 
in bold-faced, capitalized and underlined type, or is 
separated from surrounding written material so as to 
be conspicuous with a separate signature line; 
2.  The claimant may require the person obligated under the 
contract for services to pay the costs of repossession as a 
condition for reclaiming the article only to the extent of the 
reasonable fair market value of the services required to take 
possession of the articl e; 
3.  The claimant shall not transfer to a third party or to a 
person who performs repossession services, a che ck, money order, or 
credit card transaction that is received as payment fo r services 
with respect to an article and that is returned to the clai mant 
because of insufficient funds or no funds, because the person 
writing the check, issuing the money order, o r credit cardholder has 
no account or because the check, money order, or c redit card account 
has been closed.  A person violating this paragraph shall be guilty 
of a misdemeanor; and 
4.  An article that is repossessed pursuant to this subsection 
shall be promptly delivered to the location where the services were 
performed.  The article shall remain at the services location at all 
times until the article is lawfully returned to the record owner or 
a lienholder or is disposed of pursuant to this section.   
 
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D.  1.  This section applies if a vehicle, all -terrain vehicle, 
manufactured home, motorcycle, boat, outbo ard motor, or trailer has 
a certificate of title issued by the Tax Commission or by a 
federally recognized Indian tribe in Oklahoma, but there is no 
active lien recorded on the certificate of title. 
2.  This section applies if a vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, 
utility vehicle, motorcycle, boat, outb oard motor or trailer has a 
certificate of title issued by the Tax Commission or by a federally 
recognized Indian tribe in Oklahoma, and there is an active lien 
recorded on the certifica te of title, but the lien is over fifteen 
(15) years old. 
3.  This section applies if personal property to which Section 
91 of this title otherwise would apply has been registered by the 
Tax Commission or by a federally recognized Indian tribe in the 
State of Oklahoma, and there is a lien of record but no certificate 
of title has been issued. 
4.  This section applies if personal property to which Section 
91 of this title otherwise wou ld apply has not been registered by 
either the Tax Commission or a federal ly recognized Indian tribe i n 
the State of Oklahoma, and no certificat e of title has been issued, 
but there is a lien of record. 
5.  This section applies to personal property that ot herwise 
would be covered by Section 91 of this title, except that the   
 
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services were rendered or the pr operty was abandoned prior to 
November 1, 2005. 
6.  This section applies to a vehicle, all -terrain vehicle, 
utility vehicle, manufactured home, motorcycle , boat, outboard 
motor, or trailer for which ownership cannot be determine d by 
ordinary means or by th e Oklahoma Tax Commission Motor Vehicle 
Division, as provided in subparagraphs d and e of paragraph 4 of 
subsection A of this section, as applicable. 
7.  This section applies to items of personal property that are 
not required by Oklahoma law to be titled, and that do not have a 
certificate of title. 
8.  This section applies to salvage pools as defined in Section 
591.2 of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes. 
9.  This section applies to class AA licensed wrecker services 
taking possession of a vehicle pursuant to an agreement with, or at 
the direction of, or dispatched by a state or local law enforcement 
or government agency, or pursuant to the abandoned vehicl e removal 
provisions of Section 954A of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes with 
respect to all types of personal property, regardless of whether 
that personal property has a certificate of title. 
10.  For a vehicle abandoned at a salvage pool, if the cost o f 
repairing the vehicle for safe operation on the highway does not 
exceed sixty percent (60%) of the f air market value of the vehicle   
 
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as defined in Section 1111 of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes, a 
salvage title shall not be required. 
E.  A person who knowingly makes a false statement of a material 
fact regarding the furnishi ng of storage, rental space, material, 
labor or skill for the protecti on, improvement, safekeeping, towing, 
right to occupy space, storage or carriage thereof in a proceeding 
under this section, or attempts to use or uses the provisions of 
this section to foreclose an owner or lienho lder’s interest in a 
vehicle knowing that any of the statements made in the proceeding 
are false, upon conviction, shall be guilty of a felony. 
F.  Upon receipt of notice of legal proceedings, the Tax 
Commission shall cause the sale process to be put on ho ld until 
notice of resolution of court pro ceedings is received from the 
court.  If such notice of commencement of court proceedings is not 
filed with the Tax Commission, the possessory lien sale process may 
continue. 
G.  No possessory lien sale shall be he ld on a Sunday. 
H.  For purposes of this s ection: 
1.  “Possession” includes actual possession and constructive 
possession; 
2.  “Constructive possession ” means possession by a person who, 
although not in actual possession, does n ot have an intention to 
abandon property, knowingly has both power and the intention at a   
 
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given time to exercise dominion or control over the property, and 
who holds claim to such th ing by virtue of some legal right; 
3.  “Lawfully in possession ” means a person has documentation 
from the owner or the owner ’s authorized agent, or an insurance 
company or its authorized agent, authorizing the furnishing of 
material, labor or storage, or t hat the property was authorized to 
be towed to a repair facility. 
Class AA wrecker services taking pos session of a vehicle 
pursuant to an agreem ent with, or at the direction of, or dispatched 
by, a state or local law enforcement or government agency, or 
pursuant to the abandoned vehicle removal provisions of Section 954A 
of Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statute s, shall be considered lawfully 
in possession of the vehicle.  If the person lacks such 
documentation, the procedures established by this section shall no t 
apply; and 
4.  “Itemized charges” means total parts, total labor, total 
towing fees, total storage f ees, total processing fees and totals of 
any other fee groups, the sum total of which shall equal the 
compensation claimed. 
I.  For purposes of this secti on, the United States Postal 
Service approved electronic equivalent of pro of of return receipt 
requested Form 3811 shall satisfy return receipt requested 
documentation requirements.   
 
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J.  If a person claiming a special lien pursuant to this section 
fails to comply with any of the requirements of this section, any 
interested party may proceed against the pers on claiming such lien 
for all damages aris ing therefrom, including conversion, if the 
article of personal property has been sold.  If the notice or 
notices required by this section shall be shown to be knowingly 
false or fraudulent, the interested party sh all be entitled to 
treble damages.  The pr evailing party shall be entitled to all 
costs, including reasonable attorney fees. 
K.  Any interested party shal l be permitted to visually inspect 
and verify the services rendered by the claimant prior to the sale 
of the article of property during normal b usiness hours. If the 
claimant fails to allow any interested party to inspect the 
property, the interested part y shall mail a request for inspection 
by certified mail, return receipt re quested, to the claimant.  
Within three (3) business days of receipt o f the request for 
inspection, the claimant shall mail a photograph of the property, by 
certified mail, return re ceipt requested, and a date of inspection 
within five (5) business days fr om the date of the notice to 
inspect.  The lienholder shall be allowed to retrieve the property 
without being required to bring the title into the lienholder ’s 
name, if the lienholde r provides proof it is a lienholder and any 
payment due the claimant for l awful charges where the clai mant has 
complied with this section.  Upon the release of personal property   
 
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to an insurer or representative of the insurer, wrecker operators 
shall be exempt from all liability and shall be held harmless for 
any losses or claims of loss.  In the event any law enforcement 
agency places a hold on th e property, the party wanting to inspect 
or photograph the property shall obtain permission from the law 
enforcement agency that placed the hold on the property before 
inspecting or photographing. 
L.  This section shall apply to all actions or proceedings that 
commence on or after the effective date of this act August 22, 2014. 
SECTION 2.  This act shall become effective November 1, 2021. 
Passed the Senate the 4th day of March, 2021. 
 
 
  
 	Presiding Officer of the Senate 
 
 
Passed the House of Representatives the ____ day of __________, 
2021. 
 
 
  
 	Presiding Officer of the House 
 	of Representatives