OK
Oklahoma Senate Bill SB402

Oklahoma 2023 Regular Session

Oklahoma Senate Bill SB402 Compare Versions

Only one version of the bill is available at this time.
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5353 STATE OF OKLAHOMA
5454
5555 1st Session of the 59th Legislature (2023)
5656
5757 SENATE BILL 402 By: Hamilton
5858
5959
6060
6161
6262
6363 AS INTRODUCED
6464
6565 An Act relating to abortion; creating the Prenatal
6666 Equal Protection Act; providing s hort title; stating
6767 purpose of act; amending 21 O.S. 2021, Sections 652
6868 and 691, which relate to crimes and punishments ;
6969 modifying applicability o f provisions relating to
7070 assault and battery with deadly weapon and homicide;
7171 making certain conduct justifia ble; specifying
7272 applicability of certain provisions; amending 12 O.S.
7373 2021, Section 1053, which relates to wrongful death;
7474 modifying applicability of certain provisions;
7575 amending 63 O.S. 2021, Section 1 -738.3f, which
7676 relates to civil actions; modifying applicability of
7777 section; making act prospective ; providing for
7878 codification; providing for noncodification; and
7979 declaring an emergency .
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8585 BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA:
8686 SECTION 1. NEW LAW A new section of law not to be
8787 codified in the Oklahoma Statutes reads as follows:
8888 This act shall be known and may be cited as the “Prenatal Equal
8989 Protection Act”.
9090 SECTION 2. NEW LAW A new section of law not to be
9191 codified in the Oklahoma Statut es reads as follows:
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143143 Acknowledging the sanctity of innocent human life, created in
144144 the image of God, the purpose of this act is:
145145 1. To follow the Constitution of the United States, which
146146 requires that “no state…shall deny to any person within its
147147 jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws ”;
148148 2. To fulfill such constitutional requirement by protecting the
149149 lives of preborn persons with the sam e criminal and civil laws
150150 protecting the lives of born persons by striking provisions that
151151 permit willful prenatal homicide or assault;
152152 3. To protect pregnant mothers from being pressured to abort by
153153 striking provisions that may otherwise allow a person to direct,
154154 advise, encourage, or solicit a mother to abort her child ; and
155155 4. To ensure that all persons potentiall y subject to such laws
156156 are entitled to due process protections.
157157 SECTION 3. AMENDATORY 21 O.S. 2021, Section 652, is
158158 amended to read as follows:
159159 Section 652. A. Every person who intentionally and wrongfully
160160 shoots another with or discharges any kind of firearm, with intent
161161 to kill any person, including an unborn child as defined in Section
162162 1-730 of Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes, shall upon conviction be
163163 guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment in the S tate
164164 Penitentiary not exceeding life.
165165 B. Every person who uses any veh icle to facilitate the
166166 intentional discharge of any kind of firearm, c rossbow or other
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218218 weapon in conscious disregard for the safety of any other person or
219219 persons, including an unborn c hild as defined in S ection 1-730 of
220220 Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes, shall upon conviction be guilty
221221 of a felony punishable by imprisonment in the custody of the
222222 Department of Corrections for a term not less than two (2) years nor
223223 exceeding life.
224224 C. Any person who commits any assault and battery upon another,
225225 including an unborn child as defined in Section 1 -730 of Title 63 of
226226 the Oklahoma Statutes, by means of any deadly weapon, or by such
227227 other means or force as is likely to produce death, or in any ma nner
228228 attempts to kill another, including an unborn child as defined in
229229 Section 1-730 of Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes, or in resisting
230230 the execution of any legal process, shall upon conviction be guilty
231231 of a felony punishable by imprisonment in the Sta te Penitentiary not
232232 exceeding life.
233233 D. The provisions of this section shall not apply to:
234234 1. Acts which cause the death of an unborn child if those acts
235235 were committed during a legal abortion to which the pregnant woman
236236 consented; or
237237 2. Acts acts which are committed pursuant to usual and
238238 customary standards of medical prac tice during diagnostic testing or
239239 therapeutic treatment .
240240 E. Under no circumstances shall the mother of the unborn child
241241 be prosecuted for causing the death of the unborn child unless the
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293293 mother has committed a crime that caused the death of the unborn
294294 child.
295295 SECTION 4. AMENDATORY 21 O.S. 2021, Section 691, is
296296 amended to read as follows:
297297 Section 691. A. Homicide is the killing of one human be ing by
298298 another.
299299 B. As used in this se ction, “human being” includes an unborn
300300 child, as defined in Section 1-730 of Title 63 of the Oklahoma
301301 Statutes.
302302 C. Homicide shall not include :
303303 1. Acts which cause the death of an unborn child if those acts
304304 were committed during a legal abortion to which the pregnant woman
305305 consented; or
306306 2. Acts acts which are committed pur suant to the usual and
307307 customary standards of medical practice during diagnostic testing or
308308 therapeutic treatment .
309309 D. Under no circumstances shall the mother of the unborn child
310310 be prosecuted for causing the death of the unborn child u nless the
311311 mother has committed a crime that caused the death of the unborn
312312 child.
313313 SECTION 5. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
314314 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Sectio n 161 of Title 21, unless there is
315315 created a duplication in n umbering, reads as follows:
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367367 Conduct which would otherwise constitute an offense is
368368 justifiable and not criminal when it is a lawful medical procedure:
369369 1. Performed by a licensed physician;
370370 2. Performed on a pregnant female to avert the death of the
371371 pregnant female;
372372 3. That results in the accidental or unintentional death of the
373373 unborn child the pregnant female is carrying; and
374374 4. Performed when all reasonable alternatives to save the life
375375 of the unborn child:
376376 a. are unavailable, or
377377 b. were attempted unsuccessfully before the performance
378378 of the medical procedure.
379379 SECTION 6. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
380380 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 696 of Title 21, unless there is
381381 created a duplication in numbering, reads as fo llows:
382382 A. Section 691 et seq. of Title 21 of the Oklahoma Statutes
383383 applies even where the victim is an unbor n child.
384384 B. Enforcement where the victim is an unborn child is subject
385385 to the same presumptions , defenses, justifications, laws of parties,
386386 immunities, and clemencies as would apply where the victim is a
387387 person who had been born alive.
388388 C. This section prevails over other law to the ex tent of any
389389 conflict.
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441441 SECTION 7. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
442442 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 650.12 of Title 21, unless there
443443 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows :
444444 A. Section 641 et seq. of Title 21 of the Oklahoma Statutes
445445 applies even where the victim is an unborn child.
446446 B. Enforcement where the victim is an unborn child is subject
447447 to the same presumptions, defenses, justifications, laws of parties,
448448 immunities, and clemencies as woul d apply where the victim is a
449449 person who had been born alive.
450450 C. This section prevails over other law to the extent of any
451451 conflict.
452452 SECTION 8. AMENDATORY 12 O.S. 2021, Section 1053, is
453453 amended to read as follows:
454454 Section 1053. A. When the death of one is caused by the
455455 wrongful act or omission of an other, the personal representative of
456456 the former may maintain an action therefor against the latter, or
457457 his or her personal representative if he or she is also deceased, if
458458 the former might have maintained an action, had he or she lived,
459459 against the latter, or his or her representative, for an injury for
460460 the same act or omission. The action must be commenced within two
461461 (2) years.
462462 B. The damages recoverable in actions for wrongful death as
463463 provided in this section shall include the following:
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515515 1. Medical and burial expenses, which shall be distributed to
516516 the person or governmental agency as defined in Section 5051.1 of
517517 Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes who paid these expenses, or to the
518518 decedent’s estate if paid by the estate. The provisions of this
519519 paragraph shall not apply to the cost of an abortion in a ctions
520520 maintained pursuant to subsection F of this section;
521521 2. The loss of consortium and the grief of the surviving
522522 spouse, which shall be distributed to the surviving spouse;
523523 3. The mental pain and ang uish suffered by the decedent, which
524524 shall be distributed to the surviving spouse and children, if any,
525525 or next of kin in the same proportion as personal property of the
526526 decedent. For the purposes of actions maintained pursuant to
527527 subsection F of this sec tion, “next of kin” as used in this
528528 paragraph shall mean the parent or grandparent who maintained the
529529 action as provided for in paragraph 3 of subsection F of this
530530 section;
531531 4. The pecuniary loss to the survivors based upon properl y
532532 admissible evidence wit h regard thereto including, but not limited
533533 to, the age, occupation, earning capacity, health habits, and
534534 probable duration of the decedent’s life, which must inure to the
535535 exclusive benefit of the surviving spouse and children, if any, or
536536 next of kin, and shall be distributed to them according to their
537537 pecuniary loss. For the purposes of actions maintained pursuant to
538538 subsection F of this section, “next of kin” as used in this
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590590 paragraph shall mean the parent or grandparent who main tained the
591591 action as provided for in paragraph 3 of subsection F of this
592592 section; and
593593 5. The grief and loss of companionship of the children and
594594 parents of the decedent, which shall be distributed to them
595595 according to their grief and loss of companionship .
596596 C. In proper cases, as provided by Section 9.1 of Title 23 of
597597 the Oklahoma Statutes, punitive or exemplary damages may also be
598598 recovered against the person proximately causing the wrongful death
599599 or the person’s representative if such person is deceased. Such
600600 damages, if recovered, shall be distributed to the surviving spouse
601601 and children, if any, or next of kin in the same proportion as
602602 personal property of the decedent. For the purposes of actions
603603 maintained pursuant to subsection F of this section, “next of kin”
604604 as used in this paragraph shall mean the parent or grandparent who
605605 maintained the action as provided for in paragraph 3 of subsection F
606606 of this section.
607607 D. Where the recovery is to be distributed according to a
608608 person’s pecuniary loss or loss of companionship, the ju dge shall
609609 determine the proper division.
610610 E. The above-mentioned distributions shall be made after the
611611 payment of legal expenses and costs of the action.
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663663 F. 1. The provisions of this section shall also be available
664664 for the death of an unborn person as de fined in Section 1-730 of
665665 Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes.
666666 2. The provisions of this subsection shall apply to acts wh ich
667667 cause the death of an unborn person in utero if:
668668 a. the physician who performed the abortion or the
669669 referring physician fails to ob tain and document the
670670 voluntary and informed consen t of the pregnant woman
671671 pursuant to Section 1 -738.2 of Title 63 of the
672672 Oklahoma Statutes,
673673 b. the pregnant woman withdraws her consent to the
674674 abortion prior to performance of the ab ortion,
675675 c. the pregnant woman undergoes the abortion due to
676676 coercion from a third party,
677677 d. the physician fails to obtain and document proof of
678678 age demonstrating that the pregnant woman is not a
679679 minor, or, in the case of a minor, fails to obtain:
680680 (1) parental consent to the aborti on pursuant to
681681 Section 1-740.2 of Title 63 of the O klahoma
682682 Statutes,
683683 (2) proof that the pregnant woman, although a minor,
684684 is emancipated, or
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736736 (3) judicial authorization of the abortion without
737737 parental notification pursuant to Secti on 1-740.3
738738 of Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes,
739739 e. the physician who perfor med the abortion causes the
740740 woman physical or psychological harm, the possibility
741741 of which she did not foresee or was not informed of at
742742 the time of her consent,
743743 f. the physician who performed the abortion fails to
744744 screen the pregnant woman and document su ch screening
745745 for risk factors associated with a heightened risk of
746746 adverse consequences from abortion which a reasonably
747747 prudent physician would screen for,
748748 g. the physician fails to screen the pregnant wo man and
749749 document such screening for physical or psy chological
750750 impairment of judgment due to factors including, but
751751 not limited to, drugs, alcohol, illness or fatigue,
752752 h. the physician fraudulently induces the pregnant woman
753753 to obtain the abortion or gives misleading or false
754754 information in response to a pr egnant woman’s inquiry,
755755 or
756756 i. there exist any other circumstances whic h violate
757757 state law.
758758 The provisions of this paragraph shall not be construed to apply
759759 to cases in which a phys ician licensed to practic e medicine in this
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811811 state attempts, in a reasonably prudent manner, to prevent the death
812812 of an unborn person or a pregnant woman.
813813 3. A parent or grandparent of the deceased unborn person is
814814 entitled to maintain an action against th e physician who caused th e
815815 death of an unborn person under the conditions pr ovided by
816816 subparagraphs a through i of paragraph 2 of this subsection ;
817817 provided, however, the parent or grandparent may not maintain such
818818 action if the parent or grandparent coerce d the mother of the unbor n
819819 person to abort the unborn person.
820820 4. Liability for wrongful death by the physician under this
821821 section shall not be wa ived by the pregnant woman prior to
822822 performance of the abortion. A physician shall not request, orally,
823823 on a written form or in any ot her manner, that the pregnant woman
824824 waive the liability of the physician for wrongful death related to
825825 the abortion as a condition of performing an abortion .
826826 5. Under no circumstances shall the mother of the unborn person
827827 be found liable for causing the d eath of the unborn person unless
828828 the mother has committed a crime that caused the death of the unborn
829829 person.
830830 SECTION 9. AMENDATORY 63 O.S. 2021, Section 1 -738.3f, is
831831 amended to read as follows:
832832 Section 1-738.3f. A woman upon whom an abortion has been
833833 performed in negligent viola tion of Section 1-738.2, 1-738.3d, 1-
834834 738.8, 1-740.2 or 1-740.4b of Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes, or
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886886 the parent or legal guardian of the woman i f she is an unemancipated
887887 minor, as defined in Section 1-740.1 of Title 63 of the Oklahoma
888888 Statutes, may commence a civil action against the abortion provider,
889889 against the prescriber of any drug or chemical intended to induce
890890 abortion, and against any pers on or entity which referred the woman
891891 to the abortion provider or prescriber and which knew or reasonably
892892 should have known that the abortion provider or prescriber had acted
893893 in violation of Section 1 -738.2, 1-738.3d, 1-738.8, 1-740.2 or 1-
894894 740.4b of Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes for actual da mages and,
895895 in cases of gross negligence, for punitive damages. The measure of
896896 damages shall include damages for the mental anguish and emotional
897897 distress of the plaintiff, in addition to all damages available for
898898 the wrongful death of the child whose life was aborted in negligent
899899 violation of Section 1-738.2, 1-738.3d, 1-738.8, 1-740.2 or 1-740.4b
900900 of Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes , notwithstanding any exception
901901 for abortion provided in Section 1053 of Title 12 of the Oklahoma
902902 Statutes. Whether the individual or entity committed an abortion in
903903 negligent violation of Se ction 1-738.2, 1-738.3d, 1-738.8, 1-740.2
904904 or 1-740.4b of Title 63 of the Oklahoma Statutes shall be determined
905905 by the trier of fact in the civil act ion by the greater weight of
906906 the evidence. Unless the defendant can prove to the trier of fact
907907 by the greater weight of the evidence that the abortion was
908908 performed on a child who was already dead from natural causes before
909909 the abortion, and that the defe ndant informed the plaintiff that the
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911911
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961961 child was already dead at the time of the abortion, it shall be a
962962 rebuttable presumption that if an abortion was performed, that the
963963 child whose life was aborted was alive until the abort ion was
964964 performed, and was capa ble eventually of living a normal human
965965 lifespan had the abortion not occurred.
966966 SECTION 10. NEW LAW A new section of law not to be
967967 codified in the Oklahoma Statutes reads as follows:
968968 This act is prospective only and s hall not apply to conduct
969969 committed prior to the effect ive date of this act.
970970 SECTION 11. It being immediately necessary for the preservation
971971 of the public peace, health or safety, an emergency is hereby
972972 declared to exist, by reason whe reof this act shall take effect and
973973 be in full force from and after its passage and approval.
974974
975975 59-1-1473 DC 1/16/2023 12:12:50 PM