Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'financial incentive'
Page 34 of 45
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Intergovernmental Affairs May 13th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Intergovernmental Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Or financial constraint.
- want to focus the questioning on the financial implications
Furthermore, the Attorney General is financially rewarded
- The financial penalties are so severe, so what we view this
- ...has filed, the financial penalties are imposed on the
Keywords:
municipal management district, bonds, assessments, property taxes, economic development, eminent domain, special district, Senate Bill 2858, local government, enforcement mechanisms, public safety, due process, city council, urban counties
Summary:
The committee convened to discuss Senate Bill 2858, which aims to provide stronger enforcement mechanisms for compliance with state laws by local governments. The bill was met with significant opposition from various stakeholders including city council members and representatives from urban counties. They raised concerns that the provisions threaten local autonomy and could lead to severe financial penalties without due process. Specific testimonies highlighted the potential disruption to local budgets and public safety services due to immediate withholding of funds pending litigation outcomes. As such, the supporting and opposing views were thoroughly debated, reflecting the tension between state authority and local governance.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Academic & Career-Oriented Education Mar 27th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House S/C on Academic & Career-Oriented Education
Transcript Highlights:
- increasingly unaffordable child care costs, child care employees struggling in an industry that is financially
- Preschools, including our own, rely heavily on the enrollment of three to six-year-olds to maintain financial
- The financial pressure is mounting, and if this trend continues
- ...meet the financial needs of our centers.
Keywords:
early childhood education, task force, governance, Texas Education Agency, child care, education policy, virtual education, hybrid learning, school funding, average daily attendance, education technology, remote learning, education legislation, workforce development, adult education, high school diploma, industry certification, pilot program, gifted education, education support
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on the discussion of several educational bills, notably HB2196, which aims to create a comprehensive framework for virtual and hybrid learning in Texas public schools. Chairman Bell and other committee members emphasized the significance of this bill, stating that it aligns with bipartisan recommendations for enhancing access to education. Testimonies from educators and parents were heard, echoing admiration for the potential of virtual learning to provide flexibility to students, especially those with specific educational needs. There were also concerns voiced regarding provisions within the bill that could affect traditional educational frameworks, sparking vigorous discussions among committee members.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Local Government (Part I) Mar 31st, 2025
Senate Local Government Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- and also believe that this is a situation that should be exempted from platting and the requisite financial
- This shortfall could place a significant financial strain on Granbury, forcing the city to compensate
- governance and efficient service provision, Senate Bill 1844 in its current form poses a significant financial
- be a well-run organization in solid financial position and
Bills:
SB1079, SB1243, SB1504, SB1579, SB1708, SB1844, SB1851, SB1879, SB1921, SB1951, SB2237, SB2238, SB2406, SB2407
Keywords:
public utility agency, dissolution, local government, regulatory framework, municipal authority, telecommunication, board meetings, Gulf Coast Authority, conference call, videoconference, abandoned property, tax delinquency, urban development, receivership, local governance, disannexation, municipality, services, property owners, jurisdiction
Summary:
The committee meeting on [date] focused on several key pieces of legislation, primarily addressing land use and city governance issues. Prominent discussions included SB1579, which seeks to empower municipalities in El Paso County to manage abandoned properties through a court-appointed receiver process. This bill aims to tackle long-standing challenges posed by undeveloped and neglected land parcels that hinder community growth. Public testimonies highlighted concerns regarding safety, illegal dumping, and the economic potential of reclaiming these properties for housing and development. Notably, Mayor Rudy Cruz Jr. of Socorro expressed strong support for the bill, emphasizing the need for a clear process in handling unoccupied land.
Additionally, SB1851 was discussed, aimed at addressing audit compliance for Texas cities to improve financial transparency and accountability. Senator Nichols presented this bill, arguing for its necessity in ensuring cities cannot raise taxes without adhering to established audit requirements. Public testimonies underscored the experiences of city officials facing obstacles due to outdated audit practices, with calls for legislative action to protect taxpayers while enforcing compliance. The meeting was characterized by substantial participation from public officials, showcasing a collaborative effort to address these pressing issues.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Land & Resource Management May 15th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Land & Resource Management Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- marker="124" data-time="738"> property and was subjected to all of the plotting requirements and financial
- span> should have been exempted from plotting and the requisite financial
- eligible reviewers to include architects while explicitly prohibiting project owners or those with a financial
Keywords:
extraterritorial jurisdiction, municipality, petitioner rights, landowner, local governance, SB1450, SB2523, SB1708, housing crisis, permitting delays, third-party reviews, county oversight, flood insurance
Summary:
The meeting involved discussions primarily around SB1450, SB2523, and SB1708. The highlight was SB1450, which seeks to streamline the review process for building permits by allowing licensed third-party professionals to conduct inspections. Testimonies from various stakeholders, including local housing advocates and property developers, indicated strong support for the bill, as it addresses the ongoing housing crisis by reducing permitting delays. Concerns were raised about the potential impact on county regulatory authority, emphasizing the need for counties to retain oversight in the review process, especially regarding flood insurance and safety regulations. The committee members showed proactive engagement in addressing amendments to the bill aimed at safeguarding public interests, while also facilitating efficient housing development.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Senate of the 89th Legislature Apr 10th, 2025 at 10:00 am
Transcript Highlights:
- span marker="595" data-time="3564"> Caption Senate Bill 1967 relating to the projects eligible for financial
- /p>
Senate Bill 1967 relating to the projects eligible for financial
- Financial assistance from the Flood Infrastructure Fund.
- The financial resiliency of the state of Texas.
- ...and creating an incredible financial marketplace for
Keywords:
legislation, Senate Joint Resolution 40, Senate Bill 871, constitutional amendment, emergency powers, governor authority, legislative oversight
Summary:
The meeting focused on several crucial pieces of legislation, notably Senate Joint Resolution 40, which proposed a constitutional amendment to clarify the powers of the governor, the legislature, and the Supreme Court during emergencies. Senator Birdwell presented the resolution, emphasizing the need for legislative involvement during prolonged crises. It garnered broad support, passing with 29 votes in favor and only 1 against. Following this, Senate Bill 871, considered the enabling legislation, was also moved for discussion, with the aim of reinforcing the legislature's authority during emergencies while establishing clear guidelines for the governor's powers.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- The Texas Water Development Board provides leadership, planning, financial, and technical assistance
- One of the main things we do is provide financial assistance.
- I'm committing to ensuring that we deliver that financial
- Things he informed me is that much of your heft as a financial repository to assist locals is a state
- I submitted a bill to require financial literacy in all
Keywords:
Texas Water Fund, water management, infrastructure funding, local governments, workforce development, community colleges, educational programs, sustainability
Summary:
The meeting focused on several crucial issues, including the Texas Water Fund and its implications for development in the state. Various members highlighted the critical need for effective management of water resources, discussing the role of the Water Development Board and their strategies for outreach to local governments. The committee engaged in a thorough examination of funding projects and the sustainable financing necessary for communities facing challenges in meeting their infrastructure needs. Additionally, there was notable discussion regarding promoting workforce development and the alignment of educational programs with the demands of the job market as indicated by recent trends in community colleges.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on County and Regional Government Apr 14th, 2025 at 02:04 pm
House S/C on County & Regional Government
Transcript Highlights:
- Local governments are expected to pay the price financially and socially, while our leaders play partisan
- The bill is a financial burden, but at the end of the day
- ...the massive financial waste we have seen where 287(g)
- In Maricopa County, Arizona, in addition to the financial burden that the 287(g) agreement provided,
- Counties bear the financial burden themselves, stretching their thin budgets.
Keywords:
transportation, infrastructure, funding, state budget, public safety, child welfare, county boards, membership, local governance, public welfare, child welfare, county boards, government service, social services, Texas Family Code, child welfare, county boards, social services, public welfare, Texas Family Code
Summary:
The meeting revolved around the discussions of several key bills, particularly focusing on HB5580, which mandates local law enforcement to cooperate with federal immigration enforcement. Many witnesses, including community organizers and legal advocates, voiced strong opposition to this bill, claiming it would perpetuate racial profiling, undermine community trust in law enforcement, and create a climate of fear among immigrant families. Testimonies highlighted that such legislation often leads to decreased reporting of crimes and increased tensions between law enforcement and the community. Controversy brewed over claims that the bill would divert resources from pressing local safety needs to federal immigration priorities, which many argue should not be the responsibility of local agencies. The chair expressed appreciation for the input but left HB5580 pending, indicating further deliberation is needed.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Business meeting to consider S.28, to require the disclosure of a camera or recording capability in certain internet-connected devices, S.97, to require SelectUSA to coordinate with State-level economic development organizations to increase foreign d Mar 12th, 2025 at 08:30 am
Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- legislation would protect our seniors from fraud and strike at the heart of one of the most lucrative financial
- They will no longer be able to conceal their financial backers or their true loyalties.
Bills:
SB244, SB28, SB289, SB323, SB389, SB414, SB428, SB433, SB582, SB613, SB759, SB792, SB841, SB843, SB97
Keywords:
national security, cybersecurity, consumer technology, routers, modems, study, communication, consumer protection, smart devices, transparency, internet-connected devices, FTC enforcement, sodium nitrite, youth safety, poison prevention, consumer safety, hazardous materials, broadband, infrastructure, federal programs
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation held an important meeting where they discussed various bills aimed at addressing pressing issues like consumer protection, technology, and environmental management. Chairman Cruz opened the meeting by emphasizing the role of subpoenas in ensuring accountability and oversight, highlighting a recent compliance from several parties following such threats. The meeting progressed to consider several bills, including the Romance Scam Prevention Act championed by Senator Blackburn, which seeks to protect vulnerable populations from online dating scams that have resulted in enormous financial losses, particularly among seniors. The committee also nominated Michael Kratios for the Office of Science and Technology Policy and Mark Medder for the Federal Trade Commission, underscoring the significance of leadership in fostering innovation and consumer protection in technology sectors.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII Feb 25th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII
Transcript Highlights:
- I am Joey Estrada, Deputy Executive Director of Physician Administration and Chief Financial Officer
Joey Ostrowski, financial officer.
- There is a stunning lack of transparency for somebody who's asking us to impose a significant financial
- The recommended change is to move, I believe, myself, my deputy Executive Director, my Chief Financial
- I am Joey Estrada, Deputy Executive Director of Physicist Administration and Chief Financial Officer
Keywords:
budget recommendations, staffing increase, operational capacity, salary adjustments, public testimony, funding requests
Summary:
The meeting primarily focused on budgetary recommendations and exceptional item requests from various state agencies, with a significant emphasis on enhancing staffing and operational capacities. Key discussions revolved around the funding requests that support improved service delivery, particularly for the Funeral Service Commission and the Veterinary Medical Examiners. Members expressed concerns regarding staff retention and the need for salary adjustments to align compensation with market standards, seeking to decrease turnover rates and maintain effective service levels. Public testimonies reflected support for the agencies' requests while also raising some concerns about fee increases to accommodate budgetary needs. The chair concluded with expectations of further discussions on residual budgetary items in subsequent meetings.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Licensing & Administrative Procedures Mar 11th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Licensing & Administrative Procedures Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- ...have financial control.
- span marker="160" data-time="952"> When we issue a license, we're looking at whether they have a financial
- Within that unit, there is a Financial Crimes Unit that addresses money laundering, tax fraud, and business
- The commission is required to report certain financial information related to adjusted gross receipts
Keywords:
House Bill 11, House Bill 3579, lottery ticket couriers, modernization, human trafficking, regulatory oversight
Summary:
The meeting focused primarily on legislative discussions surrounding House Bills 11 and 3579, with a significant emphasis on regulatory measures concerning lottery ticket couriers and modernization of licensing systems for the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation. Various committee members engaged in lively debates, particularly around the implications of using couriers within the lottery framework, as this raised concerns about regulatory gaps and the need for clearer oversight. Additionally, there was mention of the agency’s efforts to combat human trafficking through updated regulations and enforcement actions, indicating a priority agenda for the session.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Trade, Workforce & Economic Development Mar 26th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Trade, Workforce & Economic Development Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="774"> The development authority of the Gulf Coast Authority to serve as a conduit for financial
- GCA offers a viable financial solution to support the industry.
- This timeline creates a financial barrier for many employers, especially small businesses.
Keywords:
restrictive covenants, real estate, subdivision regulations, multi-zoned subdivisions, property laws, repair notice, residential, manufactured homes, tenant rights, landlord responsibilities, email communication, property code amendments, real property, public improvement district, contract termination, notice requirement, property sales, development corporation, Gulf Coast Authority, financing projects
Summary:
The meeting addressed several key pieces of legislation, with significant focus on bills related to property owners' associations and the Texas Workforce Commission's training programs. Representative Harris-Navila presented HB517, which aims to allow property owners' associations to impose fines for discolored vegetation during watering restrictions. The committee adopted a community substitute for this bill before moving it forward with a recommendation for passage. Meanwhile, HB2791, highlighted by Chairwoman Button, focusses on vocational rehabilitation programs for individuals with disabilities, with provisions that require efficient operation to avoid lapses in service.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
I would say any candidate has to do financial statements
- , and so their filing fees will be on those financial statements.
- under this bill, we're not changing filing fees, so we know that can happen through checking and financial
Keywords:
voting access, polling place, disability, caretaker provisions, ballot delivery, election code, ballot by mail, election code, voting, mail delivery, election integrity, filing fee, nomination, convention, election, candidate, voting by mail, assisted living, nursing facilities, legal guardian
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused primarily on discussions surrounding HB4309, aimed at allowing third parties to handle filing fees similarly to major political parties. Witnesses from the Libertarian Party, including Wes Benedict, expressed the need for equitable treatment in political financing, highlighting how fees imposed on them currently do not assist their party in any meaningful way like they do for Republicans and Democrats. Concerns were raised regarding the lack of accountability for fees collected from third parties, with committee members discussing potential oversight mechanisms.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Feb 13th, 2025 at 09:02 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
The organization serves as a forum for financial support
- Pensions, Investments, and Financial Services: Chair Lambert
Summary:
The meeting was focused on several notable resolutions, including HR245 recognizing February 13th, 2025 as Texas in a HRO Day. Ms. Hinojosa elaborated on the significance of the Texas chapter of the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials in advocating for affordable housing, highlighting their 49 years of service. Other resolutions included HR255 and HR257, which commemorated important community figures and anniversaries, showcasing the collective efforts and achievements of Texas communities. The atmosphere was one of celebration and acknowledgement, with various representatives speaking passionately about their respective constituents and the contributions made by local leaders.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
But as it relates to the financial statements, it exists
- intention is essentially to equitize that for the most part, you know, move forward with an unencumbered financial
Bills:
HB2007, HB2462, HB2621, HB2921, HB3187, HB3331, HB3332, HJR144, HB3514, HB3528, HB3539, HB3563, HB3720, HB3726, HB3751, HB3859, HB3947, HB4148, HB4164, HB4337, HB4346, HB4368, HB4706, HB4916, HB4950, HB4967, HB5177, HB5603
Keywords:
commercial signs, county approval, transportation code, regulations, road signage, high occupancy vehicle lane, pregnant operators, transportation, parental rights, motor vehicle regulations, live video feed, transportation, state agency, transparency, public safety, confidentiality, personal information, local government, airport data, public records
Summary:
The committee meeting involved robust discussions focusing on three key bills: HB791, HB1729, and HB2876. HB791, presented by Representative Gortez, quickly passed through the committee with no objections, relating to approval for Central Catholic High School. Next, HB1729, which concerns term limits for commissioners of the free board, also saw no discussion before being moved favorably to the full House. The final bill discussed, HB2876, was pulled back from subcommittee and addressed amendments to a comprehensive development agreement aimed at enhancing portions of State Highway 130. The chair demonstrated an intent to expedite these measures, highlighting a commitment to advancing local infrastructure projects efficiently.
Additionally, public testimony was not on the agenda for this meeting, indicating a focus on internal discussions. Members expressed gratitude for the cooperation shown during the session, suggesting a positive working environment. As the meeting adjourned, it was noted that the upcoming agenda would include numerous bills, ensuring ongoing legislative activity in the following weeks.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine the nominations of William Kimmitt, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade, and Kenneth Kies, of Virginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. Apr 10th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Finance Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- 10% global tariff, and additional tariffs on aluminum, steel, and cars, you'd have some investors, financial
- span> On aluminum, steel, and cars, you'd have some investors, financial
Keywords:
Commerce, International Trade, Tax Policy, Nominees, Inflation, Middle-class, Trade Practices, Economic Concerns
Summary:
The committee convened to discuss various bills and nominees, including the critical nominations of William Kimmett for Undersecretary of Commerce for International Trade and Ken Keyes for Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy at the Treasury Department. Discussions highlighted the nominees' roles in managing critical trade and tax policies amidst rising economic concerns, particularly focusing on inflation and its impact on American families. Members expressed both support and skepticism, emphasizing the significance of fostering fair trade practices and ensuring tax policies that benefit the middle-class amidst claims of an agenda favoring affluent individuals and corporations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
89th Legislative Session - Second Called Session Aug 18th, 2025 at 12:08 pm
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Water Development Board of the state environmental review process for certain projects eligible for financial
- 178" data-time="1062"> HB number seventy-three by Bella Montgomery relates to municipal and county financial
Keywords:
disaster preparedness, youth camp safety, flood response, public safety, emergency communications, abortion legislation
Summary:
The committee meeting addressed a range of legislation aimed at addressing public safety and emergency preparedness, particularly focusing on the aftermath of recent storms in Texas. A noteworthy aspect of the discussions involved several bills related to youth camp safety, disaster preparedness, and the establishment of emergency communication systems. Members actively debated the merits of various proposals, with particular attention on HB80, which addresses abortion-related liabilities, indicating a contentious atmosphere surrounding personal rights and public health issues. Testimonies from public witnesses reinforced the urgency of implementing stronger flood response measures and safeguarding vulnerable populations during emergencies.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Apr 2nd, 2025 at 10:00 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- in a uniform group coverage program for active school employees for the Pension Investments and Financial
- amount greater than the amounts previously authorized for the Committee on Pension Investments and Financial
- in a uniform group coverage program for active school employees for the Pension Investments and Financial
- amount greater than the amounts previously authorized for the Committee on Pension Investments and Financial
Bills:
HJR1, HJR2, HB9, HB22, HB908, HB1392, HB195, HB13, HB143, HB135, HJR1, HJR2, HB9, HB22, HB908, HB1392
Keywords:
death tax, inheritance tax, estate tax, property transfer, constitutional amendment, ad valorem taxation, intangible property, tax exemption, property tax reform, economic implications, missing children, law enforcement, national reporting, investigation, public safety, ad valorem taxes, tax collector, delinquency date, tax payment, office closure
Summary:
The committee meeting highlighted significant discussions surrounding several key bills, including HB908, which aims to establish a required reporting protocol for missing children cases. The bill received robust support, with members emphasizing its potential to enhance child safety and streamline law enforcement responses. Another notable piece of legislation discussed was HB1392, which addresses delays in property tax payment due to unforeseen circumstances like natural disasters and other emergencies, ensuring Texans are not penalized for situations beyond their control. The meeting concluded with enthusiastic participation from both committee members and the public, showcasing the community's engagement in the legislative process.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Jurisprudence Apr 29th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House Criminal Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- and proceeds from criminal activities, such as those linked to human trafficking, organized crime, financial
- power and control, and we are seeing more and more arson cases, burglary of habitation cases, and financial
- The financial crimes in Title VII, where they're using the
Bills:
HB115, HB507, HB1765, HB1847, HB2046, HB2239, HB2328, HB2309, HB2417, HB2728, HB2794, HB3206, HB3566, HB3694, HB3744, HB4254, HB4697, HB4733, HB4915, HB5465, HB2813
Keywords:
habeas corpus, postconviction, criminal procedure, indigent defense, scientific evidence, legal representation, judicial power, indigent defense, capital felony, legal representation, criminal law, death penalty, attorney qualification, training standards, law enforcement, no-knock warrant, search warrant, criminal procedure, peace officer, indigent defense
Summary:
The committee meeting featured comprehensive discussions surrounding several significant bills aimed at reforming laws related to criminal justice and individual rights. Notable among the bills was HB2309, which intends to update the civil asset forfeiture laws in Texas, empowering the Attorney General's office to pursue forfeiture in serious cases like human trafficking and organized crime. Representative Villalba presented this bill, emphasizing the need for state-level resources to address broader criminal enterprises effectively. The bill's testimony included insights from witnesses associated with the Texas Attorney General's office who affirmed the necessity for such changes to enhance law enforcement's capabilities across jurisdictions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part II) Apr 8th, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- High windstorm insurance costs make housing unaffordable, place financial pressures on small businesses
- We're also committed to making sure TWIA works financially, but those are the two biggest concerns.
Keywords:
utility systems, Texas A&M, regents authority, construction, improvement, construction contracts, trust funds, property rights, mechanics lien, contractors, trustee liability, construction contracts, trust funds, mechanic's lien, liability, attorney's fees, windstorm insurance, Texas Windstorm Insurance Association, insurance regulation, administrative penalties
Summary:
The committee meeting revolved around important discussions regarding two significant bills, SB2530 and SB2571, intended to address the funding challenges faced by the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association (TWIA). Senator Milton highlighted the need for reforms due to escalating reinsurance costs that have risen to over 60% of premiums. A notable focus was the proposed dynamic funding model, which aims to reduce reliance on fixed assessments and public securities tied to the current Probable Maximum Loss (PML) structure, allowing funding to adjust based on actual needs. Both bills received mixed responses, with public testimonies citing the potential for increased financial burdens on insurance companies if the assessments were restructured without careful consideration of market conditions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Public Education May 6th, 2025 at 10:05 am
House Public Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm a financial professor, and in my day job, we actually like diversity, and so we dole it out to about
- We see our financials every month, and we question them.
- span marker="790" data-time="4734"> The best outcomes we could for kids, how to understand your financials
- How can that create such a financial burden?
- transparent system limits the ability of taxpayers, parents, and policymakers to understand the financial
Keywords:
student transfer, public servants, education code, peace officer, servicemember, judicial officer, school security, volunteer program, retired law enforcement, veterans, public safety, school safety, criminal background check, school libraries, library advisory councils, parental rights, library materials, educational content, challenging materials, sparsity adjustment
Summary:
The committee meeting convened to discuss various proposed legislation, most notably Senate Bill 13, which addresses the management of library materials in school districts and parental rights regarding access to library catalogs. Senator Paxton introduced the bill, emphasizing the need for transparency and appropriate content in school libraries to protect children from sexually explicit materials. Discussions included testimonies from community members and stakeholders, highlighting both support and opposition based on concerns over censorship and parental authority. The committee left the bill pending for further review and discussions.