Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'Jewish community'
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TX
Transcript Highlights:
- As our local communities continue to struggle with a critical shortage of EMS personnel, stand-alone
- > I'm committed to learning, growing, and contributing to my community
- I've watched them grow in confidence, secure jobs, and become active, valued members of their communities
- " data-time="2826"> ...and better services for people with disabilities to be included in their communities
- span>
The report further said, quote, "the U.S. economic community
Keywords:
tuition exemption, paramedics, higher education, public institutions, laboratory fees, education code, financial aid, education, student support, scholarships, higher education, nontraditional education, student enrollment, financial assistance, higher education, Texas students, foreign adversaries, higher education, trade secrets, research integrity
Summary:
The meeting of the Committee on Education K-16 was characterized by a series of discussions on multiple Senate Bills aimed at enhancing educational opportunities across the state. Notably, SB750 was presented by Senator Eckhardt, which seeks to close a loophole that currently excludes standalone EMS employees from receiving tuition exemptions available to firefighters and law enforcement. The testimony from James Monks of the Austin EMS Association highlighted the critical shortage of EMS personnel and the need for incentives to attract workers to this career path. The committee allowed public testimony, which generally supported the bill, leading to positive discussions among members regarding the importance of equal benefits for all first responders.
Additionally, SB2430, introduced by Senator Higginbotham, aims to regulate higher education institutions' interactions with foreign adversaries. The bill received support from witnesses such as Michael Lucci, who emphasized the necessity of securing Texas's higher education from potential threats while facilitating collaborations with trusted entities. These discussions emphasized the need for strategies that not only bolster educational funding and accessibility but also protect academic integrity. Overall, the meeting was well-attended, with robust engagement from both committee members and the public.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine the nomination of Lieutenant General John D. Caine (Retired), to be general and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Department of Defense. Apr 1st, 2025 at 08:30 am
Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Personnel
Transcript Highlights:
- In the special operations community and with the CIA, you've worked with some of the most innovative
Senator, I've always communicated proper information
- Thank you for your service at times in the intelligence community, where your reputation is as strong
- system for the right kinds of communications.
- ...50 community to get to almost Title 60-like outcomes.
Keywords:
national security, military readiness, Kane nomination, defense budget, China threats, Russia, collaboration, modernization
Summary:
The meeting centered on the nomination of retired Lieutenant General Dan Kane for Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, delving into various security concerns and the strategic environment facing the U.S. today. Testimonies highlighted the growing threats from adversaries such as China and Russia, with discussions around the necessity of maintaining and modernizing military capabilities to address these challenges. The need for agility in military operations and enhancing collaboration among various defense agencies was underscored. Further, concerns were raised regarding the defense budget and the importance of a strong national defense strategy were prevalent throughout the discussions. The committee members collectively emphasized the need for superior readiness and modernization to keep pace with global threats.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services Mar 18th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- this approach fosters regional collaboration and tailors services to the unique needs of rural communities
- Senate Bill 11 requires that EMRs have a field for patient-physician communication on metabolic health
- The Black community.
- I'm just working with the medical community on the value of that.
- within our communities.
Keywords:
immunization, written informed consent, civil liability, health care provider, vaccine compensation, administrative penalty, health care, licensing, complaint procedure, disciplinary action, law enforcement, conscience protection, health care services, civil remedy, disciplinary action, health care providers, patient access, hospital safety, emergency room, bollards
Summary:
The meeting of the committee was focused predominantly on various bills concerning healthcare and insurance policies, reflecting significant discussions on how these laws impact the community. Notably, Senate Bill 660 was introduced to enhance safety measures at healthcare facilities, discussing the necessity for bollards to prevent unauthorized vehicular access, highlighting a bipartisan understanding of public safety. Senator West emphasized the importance of these regulations, citing real-world incidents that necessitate such actions. Public testimonies complimented this discussion, providing insight into community needs for enhanced security in hospitals.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Often these individuals are cut off from proper communication.
- To you, your community, your constituents.
- You know, a lot of people—I mean, I'm in a rural community here, and people...
- So as physicians, we assume that responsibility to communicate that to them.
- Those precedents are well established as far as the need and importance of communication.
Keywords:
youth camps, safety regulations, advisory committee, criminal background checks, health and safety, ivermectin, pharmacists, healthcare, statewide order, dispensing, medical protocols, liability, youth camp safety, HB265, public health, safety regulations, child welfare, oversight reform, public testimony, emotional impact
Summary:
In this meeting of the Public Health Committee, the primary focus was on youth camp safety and legislation designed to address serious regulatory gaps. Representative Hull presented HB265, which aims to reform the oversight of youth camps to ensure better safety protocols and stricter regulations. The emotional testimony from families affected by past incidents highlighted the urgent need for change and accountability in camp operations. Representatives discussed necessary amendments to the bill, emphasizing the inclusion of child safety experts on the advisory committee and proposing measures to improve the enforcement of safety standards.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- In my community last year, it came to light that a woman
- named Reg LaBateur was running five unlicensed community living homes throughout Arlington, Mansfield
- So if you don't have a grocery store in your community, where can you get fresh fruits and vegetables
- Low-income communities face a massive need for healthier
- When it comes to our grocers, and I do have some rural communities, one being Hutchins...
Bills:
HB2510, HB3589, HB4611, HB4655, HB4665, HB4666, HB4670, HB4700, HB4730, HB4798, HB4838, HB5136, HB5243, HB5302, HB5539
Keywords:
assisted living, healthcare, licensing, criminal offense, personal assistance, group home, licensing, regulation, health and safety, inspections, resident care, criminal background checks, adoption, parental rights, registry, vital statistics, disclosure, counseling, foster care, independent living
Summary:
During this meeting of the committee, key discussions were held regarding various bills, particularly those concerning contract requirements related to the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS). Multiple bills, such as HB4129, HB4130, and HB4131, were unanimously reported favorably without any debate, showcasing a clear consensus among members about their importance in regulating contracts with single-source continuum contractors. Notable attention was also directed towards HB3750, which pertains to reimbursement for legal expenses incurred by DFPS employees, demonstrating acknowledgment of the need to protect staff operating in complex legal environments. Public testimony was welcomed, allowing voices from the community to add value to the legislative dialogue. The meeting concluded with a commitment to continue examining the implications of these bills as they move forward in the legislative process.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Agriculture & Livestock Jul 21st, 2025 at 01:07 pm
House Agriculture & Livestock Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- On the research that I did, I looked up the Florida ranching community and the numbers.
- It produces a pretty horrible smell, so it's not ideal to have in a community.
- That means community outreach will become more important as infestation increases.
- The economic ripple effect could reach every rural community in Texas.
- We just won't have that communication, and we need that.
Keywords:
New World Screwworm, pest control, livestock, agriculture, Texas Animal Health Commission, sterile fly production, economic impact, public awareness, emergency response
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused on the urgent issue of the New World Screwworm and its implications for Texas agriculture. Members heard urgent testimonies emphasizing the need for funding and resources to combat the potential spread of this pest, which poses severe threats to livestock and wildlife. Many representatives voiced concerns about the inadequacy of current sterile fly production capacities and the potential economic impact on the state's ranchers and farmers, with estimates suggesting losses could reach billions. Discussions also included coordination efforts among state and federal agencies to prevent the introduction and spread of the pest, with a notable emphasis on the importance of public awareness and rapid response strategies.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- means of communication.
- We would love to work with you on that, and we look forward to continuing communication on this.
- The third concern is reduced community engagement and increased costs.
- engagement with the community regarding their specific needs.
- made for bonds not limited to a single community.
Bills:
SB16, SB76, SB310, SB311, SB396, SB505, SB827, SB964, SB1209, SB1210, SB1386, SB1470, SB2035, SJR37
Keywords:
voter registration, proof of citizenship, Election Code, criminal offenses, limited federal ballot, transportation, infrastructure, funding, public safety, state regulation, election, polling places, voter access, state oversight, electronic voting, voting, polling place, elections, countywide program, voter access
Summary:
The meeting focused on significant discussions regarding several bills, particularly SB396 and SB827. Public testimonies were heard against SB396, expressing concerns over government overreach regarding voter registrations. Various witnesses highlighted potential disenfranchisement of eligible voters and the inefficiencies of the proposed residency confirmations. SB827 was another bill of interest, with discussions centered around the methods of election monitoring and concerns regarding the accuracy and cost-effectiveness of hand-counted audits.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence Mar 12th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- 28" data-time="162">Additionally, House Bill 15 clarifies that e-mails, texts, and electronic communications
Electronic communications are considered books and records
- Lentil about the effect that they anticipate these amendments will have on the business community and
- House Bill 644 also clarifies that the lack of an oral or written communication that constitutes notice
- So I fully understand the problems that are facing our communities regarding good lawyers to represent
Keywords:
eviction, landlord rights, tenant rights, justice court, property law, court procedures, chemical dependency, court-ordered treatment, mental health, health care, treatment facility, juvenile justice, criminal justice reform, deep fake, digital impersonation, age verification, private cause of action, explicit content, consumer protection, civil liability
Summary:
Another key topic was HB581, addressing the misuse of AI in creating damaging content. The chair emphasized the urgency of the issue affecting children and expressed a commitment to finding solutions. Bills like HB644 also drew attention, as they modified liabilities for businesses regarding the carrying of concealed firearms on their premises. The meeting was characterized by a diverse range of opinions, with several members expressing support for the bills and others raising concerns about potential impacts on governance and public safety.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- There's a duty of care in the medical community to these patients, to these women.
- support for their community members.
- community members.
- VFW posts are part of our communities.
- They are places to go for our veterans and other parts of our communities.
Keywords:
voter registration, Election Code, registrar duties, funds withholding, state compliance, disaster response, emergency management, legislative authority, business operations, state of emergency, e-cigarettes, marketing prohibition, youth protection, criminal penalties, public health, voting, election integrity, tabulation equipment, testing procedures, election code
Summary:
The meeting focused on discussions surrounding several proposed bills, notably SB31, SB33, and SB2880, which address abortion and related healthcare regulations. Prominent advocates for these bills included medical professionals and attorneys who argued for the necessity of stricter regulations to protect unborn children and prevent the indirect funding of abortion-related services. Testimonies featured intense debate, with supporters claiming the bills would enhance accountability and protect both mothers and children, while opponents raised concerns about potential negative impacts on women's health and constitutional rights.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- in the pro-life community.
- ...is the communication piece.
- , to communicate with some legal counsel in a challenging circumstance.
- This is not a failure of the law; it is a failure of education and communication.
- Help or hurt you in the medical community.
Keywords:
cremation, natural organic reduction, health and safety, environmental concerns, funeral services, medical licensing, physician graduates, healthcare access, occupational licensing, foreign medical graduates, cell-cultured protein, food safety, human consumption, agriculture, food labeling, healthcare workforce, advisory board, Texas Workforce Commission, resource guide, education collaboration
Summary:
The meeting convened to discuss multiple bills, with a significant focus on HB44, which addresses medical exceptions in abortion law following the recent Dobbs decision. Lawmaker discussions highlighted concerns around the clarity of existing statutes, with several members expressing the need for a unified legal standard to protect both patients and medical professionals. The committee heard compelling testimonies from various industry experts advocating for the bill, emphasizing its importance in preventing confusion that could lead to detrimental health outcomes for women. Another noteworthy action was the committee's favorable recommendation for HB220, aimed at providing emergency contraception to survivors of sexual violence, reflecting the committee's commitment to addressing vulnerable communities' health needs. Additionally, discussions included the passage of HB499, which mandates social media warnings regarding mental health consequences, showcasing the diverse array of issues tackled in this session.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence Mar 26th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- ...trans community as individuals who are harmed in general
- Regret within that community is less than 1%. Again, we're open.
- Did you say that the community total...?
- Why only target, you know, one community or one population that is very, very small?
- It talks about social media and electronic communication. We agree with the bill.
Bills:
HB1239, HB1990, HB1748, HB1749, HB2578, HB2986, HB1970, HB3163, HB2733, HB1922, HB113, HB1088, HB1938, HB3004, HB2637, HB2960
Keywords:
public health, access to healthcare, insurance reforms, medical expenses, healthcare providers, mental health, protective custody, preliminary examination, detention period, emergency circumstances, mental health, protective custody, detention period, emergency detention, legal framework, mental health, protective custody, detention, healthcare, emergency detention
Summary:
During the meeting, the committee engaged in substantial discussions surrounding several key pieces of legislation, particularly focusing on HB3004 which aims to enhance safety standards around high voltage power lines. Testimonies revealed concerns about the historical inadequacies of existing safety protocols, with multiple stakeholders advocating for strengthening provisions to avoid incidents of electrocution. Additionally, HB1088 was addressed, with debates regarding its potential implications on healthcare access, especially concerning transgender youth. There were conflicting opinions expressed regarding the necessity and impact of these legislative changes, highlighting the broader societal debates occurring around health and safety regulations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services Mar 11th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- We've been a part of that community for two and a half years now, and I am here to give my testimony
- We love being a part of this community, and we want to continue being a growing pillar.
- Many of the Texas rural communities redeem their SNAP benefits in these types of stores.
- I would say that corn chips could be a very culturally competent food for some of our community.
- Like I said, in the rural communities...
Summary:
The meeting of the committee primarily focused on several significant bills aimed at enhancing accountability and transparency within Texas's Medicaid and long-term care systems. Notably, SB457 seeks to ensure that a substantial portion of Medicaid funds is allocated directly to patient care in nursing facilities, addressing concerns about the misuse of taxpayer dollars. Various testimonies were provided from key stakeholders, highlighting the ongoing challenges faced by nursing homes and the pressing need for reform. Notably, AARP Texas endorsed SB457, emphasizing the critical need for improvements in care quality, especially in light of staffing shortages and neglect issues prevalent in some facilities.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs Mar 24th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- "90">It's actually been a passion of mine for several years and for a lot of people in the water community
I want to thank the water community and call you my water
- "1458"> not already committed, maybe that can be transported to a different part, to a different community
- This represents $1.7 billion in savings to communities by the end of 2024.
- aging, deteriorating drinking water and wastewater systems that are becoming liabilities to the communities
Keywords:
Senate Bill 7, water supply, infrastructure, Texas, public testimony, accountability, stakeholders, legislation
Summary:
This meeting of the Senate Committee on Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs focused on substantial discussions regarding Senate Bill 7, which is a key legislative initiative addressing Texas' long-term water supply crisis. Chairman Perry emphasized the collaborative efforts over the past years to engage various stakeholders in crafting the bill, promoting transparency and accountability in the management of water resources. The bill aims to enhance Texas' water infrastructure and secure funding through dedicated revenue streams for water supply projects, as the state faces challenges associated with dwindling water availability. Several public testimonies were heard, reflecting both support and concerns from various sectors affected by water policies in the state. The committee aimed to ensure that the legislation not only addresses immediate needs but also creates a sustainable framework for future generations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Apr 14th, 2025 at 02:04 pm
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- So it's basically a project that focuses on the Latinx community within these different areas.
Communication, and thereby avoid disputes and avoid
- litigation, it's not punitive; it just is a mechanism to encourage the communication.
- We suspend at that point because we don't have the information necessary to communicate.
- We're just looking for communication.
Yeah.
Keywords:
surface estate, well plugging, Railroad Commission, landowner rights, liability, strategic reserve, gas supply, petroleum products, disaster response, Railroad Commission of Texas, energy security, emergency planning, oil and gas waste, Railroad Commission, environmental regulation, waste management, mining pits, groundwater monitoring, oil and gas waste, regulation
Summary:
The committee meeting centered around the discussion of several bills, primarily focusing on environmental and transparency issues related to oil and gas operations. Notably, a bill introduced by Representative Rosenthal (HB5105) aimed to enhance transparency for royalty owners concerning suspension of payments, requiring operators to notify them of any reasons for such suspensions. During the meeting, multiple witnesses testified, emphasizing the necessity of protecting landowners' rights and ensuring responsible management of hazardous waste from oil operations. Additionally, the committee heard about HB4572, which aimed to require landowner consent before the burial of waste on their properties, highlighting the importance of land and groundwater protection amidst growing concerns of contamination from reserve pits used in the oil and gas industry.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
That money stays in our communities, supporting farmers
- /span>
Members, this bill simply adds buried fiber in communication
- And if that food truck operator wants to expand into even more communities, obviously, those costs stack
Sometimes, fantastic food trucks can't go to certain communities
Smaller and rural communities would also gain greater
Bills:
HB842, HB1907, HB2844, HB2892, HB3439, HB4211, HB4536, HB5111, HB5138, HB5182, HB5247, HB5269, HB5323, HB5435, HJR201, SB871, HB3896, SJR40
Keywords:
power lines, Gulf Coast, weather-related outages, Public Utility Commission, infrastructure, government contracts, Chinese companies, information technology, cybersecurity, state regulations, food safety, mobile vendors, licensing, permitting exemptions, health inspections, nonprofit organizations, personal information, government disclosure, privacy, criminal penalties
Summary:
The committee meeting was marked by discussions on several key legislative measures, particularly focusing on amendments to emergency powers and local food vendor regulations. A highlight was the presentation of SJR 40 by Representative Slauson, aimed at redefining how the state handles emergency declarations and asserting legislative authority beyond the traditional session times. This proposal elicited significant interest and debate among committee members, emphasizing the need for a more responsive governance framework to better handle future crises like COVID-19. In regards to food regulations, House Bill 2844 was discussed, seeking to streamline licensing requirements for food trucks operating across multiple jurisdictions. Testimony included perspectives from both supporters advocating for fewer regulatory hurdles and critics warning about potential public health risks.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- penalties for such violations are crucial for enhancing the safety of school children across the community
- It simply allows communities like ours to use modern tools to protect our students.
- Let communities decide.
- A proud World War II veteran, he dedicated his life to his country and community.
- That was an investment our community made.
Bills:
SB249, SB546, SB744, SB927, SB1227, SB1229, SB1353, SB1365, SB1366, SB1394, SB1464, SB1709, SB1729, SB1733, SB1744, SB1745, SB1746, SB1772, SB1816, SB1841, SB1939
Keywords:
memorial markers, law enforcement, officer memorials, killed in the line of duty, highway signage, school bus, traffic enforcement, safety, recorded evidence, video monitoring, Veterans Memorial Highway, highway designation, Smith County, commemoration, transportation, driver education, work zones, traffic safety, construction, penalties
Summary:
The meeting of the committee was marked by numerous discussions regarding various bills, notably around Senate Bills 1772 and 1816. SB1772, which aims to honor Jose Maria Longoria Sr. by designating a portion of Farm-to-Market Road 2360 as a memorial highway, received unanimous support with no objections from members during the voting process. In contrast, SB1816's committee substitute was adopted without contention, leading to its approval by a vote of seven ayes and no nays. Additionally, discussions around SB1841 centered on privacy issues, culminating in the bill being favorably reported to the full Senate as well. The atmosphere was collaborative, with ample public testimony and participation from various stakeholders, driving meaningful dialogue around the importance of these legislative efforts.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
Public Education Aug 21st, 2025 at 10:08 am
House Public Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- So based on the communications to your constituents that you've sent out and messages on social media
- What is best for children is building trust in the community
- Life, to be a successful adult or a successful community
- Of black and immigrant communities.
- It responds to feedback from educators, families, and communities who want transparency, timeliness,
Bills:
HB8
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on HB8, which proposes significant changes to the assessment and accountability system in Texas education. Key discussions involved the transition from the previous STAR testing framework to a new instructionally supportive assessment program that aims to provide timely feedback to enhance instructional strategies. Proponents of the bill argue that it encourages a growth-oriented approach, while opponents express concerns about the potential increase in high-stakes testing and the makeup of the advisory committee, which has limited educator and parental representation. Numerous witnesses spoke, highlighting both support and apprehension regarding the bill's implications for students, educators, and accountability standards.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Delivery of Government Efficiency Apr 9th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Delivery of Government Efficiency Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- I've done a lot of work with open source communities.
- This ensures access to certain working documents, ensuring that only communications actually rendering
- Attorney General opinions on legislative communications, and repeals confidentiality exceptions for
- privilege and how those communications were facilitating the profession of legal services.
- body from disclosure, clarifies communications with an
Bills:
HB111, HB1545, HB2145, HB2467, HB2520, HB4136, HB4181, HB4214, HB4218, HB4219, HB4359, HB4437, HB4822
Keywords:
sunset review, government efficiency, state agencies, regulation, administrative oversight, Texas Sunset Act, electric vehicles, charging stations, state-owned facilities, infrastructure, renewable energy, peace officers, state fire marshal, compensation, law enforcement, benefits, open meetings, transparency, government accountability, public participation
Summary:
The meeting focused on a series of bills, notably HB2467, which aims to address pay disparities for peace officers in the state fire marshal's office. Representative Van Deaver highlighted the critical services provided by these officers, who perform essential law enforcement duties yet face compensation below their counterparts. Witnesses, including those from law enforcement, testified in favor of the bill, emphasizing the need for equitable pay. The committee showed support for the bill, agreeing to leave it pending for further evaluation.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Telecommunications & Broadband Mar 31st, 2025 at 10:03 am
House S/C on Telecommunications & Broadband
Transcript Highlights:
- to ensure those same communities that we represent and the
- Our service territory includes 14 rural communities and nine rural counties.
- I think with good open communication...
- Nobody wants side-by-side poles in their yards, in these towns, in the small communities.
- So you had a communication issue.
Keywords:
telecommunications, electric cooperative, rights-of-way, infrastructure, provider access, telecommunications, electric cooperative, right-of-way, pole attachment, regulatory access, broadband, pole attachment, electric cooperatives, legislation, HB3448, telecommunications, rural Texas, infrastructure investment, Chairman Darby
Summary:
The meeting of the Subcommittee on Telecommunications and Broadband centered around significant issues regarding broadband deployment in rural Texas. Notably, discussion focused on HB3448, which aims to address barriers related to pole attachment rates charged by electric cooperatives, which have historically operated under different regulatory standards compared to other utilities. Chairman Darby emphasized the need for consistency and transparency in pricing to accelerate broadband deployment, especially given the state’s substantial investments in infrastructure. Several stakeholders, including representatives from electric cooperatives and broadband providers, expressed varied opinions on the proposed bill, with some highlighting concerns about the existing disparities in pole attachment costs and others advocating for cooperative protections against undue financial burdens from legislative changes.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
Agriculture & Livestock Aug 19th, 2025 at 02:08 pm
House Agriculture & Livestock Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- We also have weekly meetings to coordinate communication of existing and future outreach initiatives
- But how is the communication between the federal people and our own screw worm task force?
- Is there good communication there?
- And then we will have communications on radio, possibly.
- The agriculture community is...
Keywords:
New World Screw Worm, livestock management, sterile fly facility, Texas agriculture, FDA emergency use, animal health
Summary:
The meeting of the Committee on Agriculture and Livestock addressed the ongoing threat of the New World Screw Worm, which poses significant risks to both livestock and wildlife in Texas. Chairman Kitzman emphasized the importance of a coordinated response among state and federal agencies, including the recent $750 million investment for a new sterile fly facility in south Texas, crucial for combating this threat. Several invited witnesses provided insights on current research, management strategies, and the collaboration needed to effectively handle potential infestations.