Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'housing finance'
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TX
Transcript Highlights:
- >
The Chair moves that SB2857 be reported favorably to the full house
- data-time="144"> The Chair moves that SB1307, without amendment, be reported favorably to the full house
- data-time="180"> The Chair moves that SB527, without amendment, be reported favorably to the full house
Keywords:
Texas Department of Insurance, commission appointments, insurance regulation, oversight, consumer advocacy, insurance rates, property insurance, commercial automobile insurance, rate approval, consumer protection, windstorm insurance, Texas Windstorm Insurance Association, insurance regulation, administrative penalties, coastal counties, insurance regulation, property and casualty insurance, Senate Bill 1643, consumer protection, Texas Department of Insurance
Summary:
The committee meeting held extensive discussions on multiple pieces of legislation focused primarily on insurance and healthcare. A significant portion of the meeting revolved around SB1643, which proposes changes to how property and casualty insurance rates are regulated in Texas by requiring prior approval from the Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) for any rate changes exceeding 10%. Members expressed mixed feelings about this proposal, with concerns that it might lead to increased costs for consumers while discussing the balance between consumer protection and maintaining a competitive insurance market. Witnesses offered testimony both in favor and against the bill, highlighting the importance of thoughtful regulatory frameworks amidst rising insurance costs.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine stemming the tide of antisemitism in America. Mar 5th, 2025 at 09:15 am
Senate Judiciary Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- To that end, my colleagues in the House held multiple hearings.
- I didn't know the significance of that prayer book—I’d seen it around the house, and my mom took care
Keywords:
anti-Semitism, hate crimes, college campuses, civil rights, public safety, protests, intimidation
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on addressing the rising tide of anti-Semitism across the nation. Among the discussions, members expressed concerns about the disturbing acts of hate witnessed on college campuses, with instances of harassment and intimidation targeting Jewish students being highlighted. High-profile incidents, including vandalism and the display of extremist symbols, prompted urgent calls for investigations and measures to protect civil rights. The importance of moral clarity in confronting such hate crimes was emphasized as well, outlining the responsibilities of leaders to ensure safety and uphold justice.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Local Government (Part II) Mar 31st, 2025
Senate Local Government Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- There's a lot of talk about people not being able to afford their house, they can't afford this and that
- There's also national news; New York has had a major debate on this, from the governor to the White House
- A firm came to do some work on my house, and one of the...
Bills:
SB1079, SB1243, SB1504, SB1579, SB1708, SB1844, SB1851, SB1879, SB1921, SB1951, SB2237, SB2238, SB2406, SB2407
Keywords:
public utility agency, dissolution, local government, regulatory framework, municipal authority, telecommunication, board meetings, Gulf Coast Authority, conference call, videoconference, abandoned property, tax delinquency, urban development, receivership, local governance, disannexation, municipality, services, property owners, jurisdiction
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Local Government was marked by significant discussions on multiple bills aimed at enhancing governance and protecting taxpayer interests. Among the notable legislations was SB1951, where Senator Paxton emphasized reforms to reduce erroneous penalty notices imposed by appraisal districts, eliminating the financial incentive for such penalties. The session concluded with public testimonies that highlighted the importance of transparency and accountability in taxpayer dealings. Additionally, Senator Middleton presented SB1504 and SB2237, focusing on the operational frameworks of local authorities and executive severance payments, respectively, both of which sparked considerable debate among committee members.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="774"> Programs for Texas businesses that receive grants from these particular funds will be housed
- Last week in the House hearing, it was indicated publicly
- ="3636"> Senator Alvarado sends up a committee substitute for Senate Bill 1350 and moves it to the House
- In the House, I did not represent any ports.
Keywords:
child care, workforce resources, Texas Workforce Commission, employer support, parental assistance, Senate Bill 529, Midland, economic development, sales tax incentives, job creation, committee certification, public testimony, stakeholder support
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Economic Development Committee featured substantial discussions around several key bills aimed at advancing various sectors in Texas. Notably, Senate Bill 529 was supported by multiple stakeholders, including the Mayor of Midland, emphasizing its importance in allowing the city to access sales tax incentives that could bolster economic growth. The committee unanimously recommended several bills for certification, indicating a strong consensus among members on the proposed legislation's benefits. The focus on job creation and supporting local economies was prevalent throughout the meeting.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine S.222, to amend the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act to allow schools that participate in the school lunch program to serve whole milk. Apr 1st, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- It has enjoyed strong bipartisan support from both the House and the Senate, including from many members
- In the House, cuts to school meal programs through reconciliation are on the table.
- The House Ag Committee's proposal for a $230 billion cut to nutrition programs like SNAP would be devastating
- If the House Budget Chair's proposal to increase household income verification passes, I would have to
Bills:
SB222
Keywords:
Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act, S222, school nutrition, child obesity, milk options, bipartisan support, food supply challenges, federal funding
Summary:
This meeting of the committee focused primarily on the Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act, S222, which aims to permit schools to offer a fuller range of milk options, including whole, reduced, and low-fat varieties, that have garnered bipartisan support. Chairman Bozeman opened the session by highlighting concerns over children's nutrition and the obesity epidemic, emphasizing the significance of nutritious school meals in addressing these issues. Experts from various organizations were invited to discuss the implications of this bill as well as the current challenges facing school meal programs, including budget constraints and food supply issues. The meeting included passionate testimonies about the direct impacts of current dietary guidelines and federal funding reductions affecting schools' abilities to provide healthy meal options.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Jurisprudence Mar 25th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Criminal Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- We have House Bill 305 that the chair intends to vote on at some point later.
- It's House Bill 305 by Representative Hayes, I believe.
Bills:
HB207, HB235, HB324, HB449, HB463, HB502, HB1121, HB1445, HB1465, HB1778, HB1977, HB2000, HB2066, HB2596
Keywords:
child protection, sexual offenses, obscenity laws, visual material, anatomically correct dolls, mannequins, robots, criminal offenses, sexually explicit material, anatomically correct dolls, minors, artificial intelligence, sexually explicit, child protection, visual material, artificial intelligence, doll, mannequin, robot, law enforcement
Summary:
In this meeting of the Committee on Criminal Jurisprudence, the members convened to discuss various legislative matters, primarily focusing on House Bill 305, introduced by Representative Hayes. There was a call for all members to be present for the vote on this bill, which indicates its importance within the agenda. The chair also announced the formation of a subcommittee tasked with evaluating new offenses and changes in penalties, emphasizing the need to ensure that new laws do not conflict with existing legislation. This initiative reflects the committee's commitment to maintaining legal consistency and appropriateness in penalty assignment for offenses.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
A joint hearing with the House Committee on Small Business to examine prosperity on Main Street, focusing on keeping taxes low for small businesses. Apr 8th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- span marker="103" data-time="1224"> I ask unanimous consent to hold today's joint hearing before the House
- Just last week, a small business owner testified before the House Committee that the Tax Cuts and Jobs
Keywords:
joint hearing, small business, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, economic recovery, tax relief, job creation
Summary:
In this joint hearing of the House Committee on Small Business and the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, the primary focus was on the importance of making the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) permanent. The chair emphasized that small businesses are crucial for the nation's economic recovery, especially in the wake of current federal policies perceived as detrimental. Witnesses shared their experiences and highlighted how the tax cuts facilitated job creation and business expansion, stressing the need for continued support through ongoing tax relief measures. The meeting included discussions about the economic implications of the TCJA's potential expiration, with members voicing their concerns regarding how this could impact small businesses and the broader economy.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- But in order to do that, you got to get two-thirds in the Senate and two-thirds in the House, two-thirds
- of the House.
- " data-time="3420">And I think the proponents of this bill know they can't get three-fifths of the House
- It's all in-house, and then they send these absolutely inflated, fictitious bills, right?
- He was on his way to our house, and cement...
Keywords:
gambling, criminal offenses, penalties, defense, electronic devices, tobacco advertising, youth protection, public health, criminal offense, retailer regulation, e-cigarettes, nicotine products, health, public safety, regulation, e-cigarettes, advertising restrictions, public health, youth protection, health and safety
Summary:
The Senate Committee on State Affairs convened to discuss several critical pieces of legislation including SB30 and SB38. Senator Betancourt introduced a committee substitute for SB38 which underwent a smooth adoption process, moving it favorably toward the Senate. The meeting featured a mix of invited testimonies where both proponents and opponents took the floor. One notable highlight included a testimony from Melissa Casey, who criticized the current legal state as prone to fraud and detrimental to both insurers and the public at large, contending that it inflated insurance costs across the board. The discussions delved deeply into the implications of the bills on judicial processes and potential insurance ramifications, with spirited debates surrounding issues of non-economic damages and jury rights.
The atmosphere remained engaged as committee members heard varied perspectives on the bills, showcasing a robust democratic process. The meeting underscored the importance of public testimony in shaping legislation, ensuring that multiple voices were considered as the committee pressed on towards making decisions that affect the legal landscape of Texas.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part I) Apr 3rd, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- ...in the House at the time.
Easily out of the House and the Senate.
- inactions brought unnecessary spotlight on you and the legislation that you worked hard on in the House
- One of the other issues I had was that y'all had scaled back on the number of in-house linemen, and that
- What they did for my family was so much more than a house or land.
Bills:
SB231, SB584, SB600, SB668, SB841, SB986, SB1003, SB1244, SB1625, SB1960, SB1963, SB1964, SB2026, SB2056, SB2368
Keywords:
heirs' property, cotenants, partition action, right of first refusal, real property, public information, government transparency, bad faith requests, expedited response, attorney general authority, open records, renewable energy, distributed generation, compensation, ERCOT, electricity generation, renewable energy, distributed generation, compensation, ERCOT
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Business and Commerce Committee primarily focused on legislative issues following Hurricane Beryl, particularly Senate Bill 231, which aims to create a process for CenterPoint to compensate its customers for overcharges related to backup power and mobile generation units. During discussions, Executive Vice President Jason Ryan outlined CenterPoint's commitment to refund approximately $430 million and absorb future costs related to these generators. The bill's substitute also mandates that leased emergency generators be mobile and capable of quick deployment during significant outages, addressing previous concerns over inefficiencies experienced during past weather events.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- To House Bill 3636 by Representative Will Metcalf.
House Bill 1666 would require the Texas Department of
Bills:
SB127, SB456, SB482, SB659, SB739, SB816, SB1234, SB1666, SB1886, SB1980, SB2580, SB2611, SB2693, SB2776
Keywords:
child abuse, reporting obligation, statute of limitations, negligence, legal professionals, human organs, criminal penalties, physician license, medical ethics, illegal trade, smuggling, human trafficking, criminal penalties, felony offenses, law enforcement, restitution, victims, criminal justice, unclaimed property, court payments
Summary:
During the meeting, several critical bills were discussed with emphasis on public safety and ethical legislation. Notably, SB456 aimed to increase penalties for illegal organ purchases and trafficking was presented and discussed thoroughly, where members raised concerns about the current low-level misdemeanor classification of such offenses. Public testimony was sought, with support and opposition being voiced, highlighting the bill's relevance in addressing urgent ethical issues surrounding organ trade. Furthermore, SB476 focused on legislative measures that enhance officer safety amid rising incidents of violence against law enforcement in Texas, drawing passionate support from various stakeholders, including local police representatives. These topics underscored a broader commitment to reforming policies for public safety and ethical enforcement in the Lone Star State.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine bridging the gap, focusing on enhancing outreach to support veterans' mental health. Apr 29th, 2025 at 09:30 am
Senate Veterans' Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- at 3 o'clock in Emancipation Hall, a Congressional medal that was authorized by the Senate and the House
- marker="501" data-time="6000"> As I've been on this committee, and I was on the VA committee in the House
- data-time="6792"> Data has also shown that each additional non-clinical stressor, such as financial and housing
- out of the Marine Corps in 2010, I moved back to my hometown in East South Carolina, bought my first house
- That's why our organization provides transitional housing
Keywords:
veterans, mental health, suicide prevention, Staff Sergeant Parker Gordon Fox Grant Program, HOPE Act, BRAVE Act, Every State Counts for Vets Mental Health Act, advocacy, legislation, mental health resources
Summary:
The committee meeting focused primarily on the critical issues surrounding veterans' mental health and suicide prevention. Discussions centered on the reauthorization of essential programs aimed at providing non-clinical support services to veterans, particularly the Staff Sergeant Parker Gordon Fox Suicide Prevention Grant Program. Senators emphasized the urgent need for adequate mental health resources as the suicide rate among veterans remains alarmingly high. Key testimonies were provided by various advocates and officials, illustrating both successful implementations of these programs and areas needing improvement.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- There must be House elections going on at the same time.
- I was in the house for like 12 weeks when they kept giving me drugs and alcohol.
- data-time="10656"> We passed the SCOPE Act, securing children online through parental empowerment, House
- A letter on January 9th of this year from the House Select Committee on the Chinese Communist Party to
- As the House Select Committee on the Chinese Communist Party wrote in a letter earlier this year, it's
Keywords:
gambling, criminal offenses, penalties, defense, electronic devices, tobacco advertising, youth protection, public health, criminal offense, retailer regulation, e-cigarettes, nicotine products, health, public safety, regulation, e-cigarettes, advertising restrictions, public health, youth protection, health and safety
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on State Affairs featured intense discussions centered around the regulation of tobacco and e-cigarette products, with a particular focus on protecting minors from harmful marketing practices. Senators presented various bills addressing the marketing of these products, which included SB1313, SB1314, and SB1316. Senator Cook laid out SB1313, aimed at prohibiting deceptive marketing techniques that entice minors, alongside testimony from concerned parents advocating for stronger regulations against smoke shops near schools. The committee also examined the App Store Accountability Act, led by Senator Paxson, which aims to ensure age verification for app downloads and hold app stores accountable for protecting minors online. Public testimony played a crucial role in the discussion, with parents and experts weighing in on the necessity of stringent regulations to safeguard youth from exploitation by marketers of addictive products.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- marker="7" data-time="36">The chair moves that Senate Bill 1589 be reported favorably to the full House
- Is there anyone who wishes to testify for or against House Bill 4 or against Senate Bill 1266?
Keywords:
Medicaid, provider enrollment, credentialing, healthcare, administrative burden, Texas Health and Human Services, child welfare, adoption timelines, senior care, consumer protection, continuing care retirement communities, legislation, public testimony
Summary:
The Committee on Human Services meeting was marked by meaningful discussions on multiple bills affecting the welfare of children and senior citizens in Texas. Notably, SB500 was presented to establish clearer timelines for adoption processes, aiming to decrease the wait times significantly from several months to within a few weeks for critical health and personal history reports. This bill was met with positive feedback from committee members and stakeholders, highlighting the importance of expediting adoption to ensure permanency for children in foster care. Additionally, the committee discussed SB1522, which modernizes regulations for continuing care retirement communities to enhance consumer protections and clarify definitions that have long created confusion in the marketplace. Stakeholders emphasized the need for greater transparency in advertising and regulations, underscoring the bill's potential to better safeguard seniors.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- It is a companion to House Bill 3832 by Representative Pat Currie.
- Sense to us at the end of the house.
- p>
Oh, on SB1104, Senator Hughes' bill, we're waiting on the House
Keywords:
education, funding, school districts, local control, equity, digital identification, identity verification, Department of Public Safety, Texas legislature, wireless communication, digital identification, Texas, Department of Public Safety, technology, identification program, fee structure, wireless devices, public safety, hunting license, handgun license
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee focused extensively on several bills, including discussions surrounding public safety and road management in Texas. A notable bill discussed was SB1351, which aims to designate a section of U.S. Highway 281 in honor of a fallen Border Patrol agent. Hearing emotional testimonies from family members highlighted the community's support for this tribute. Additionally, the committee progressed through multiple bills including SB2589 and SB2707, both addressing local governance issues and emergency response improvements, with discussions on operational practices and compliance with safety standards involving transportation.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- 198">The intent of the bill was clear, as evidenced by our seven and a half hours of debate on the House
- interpretation, but you know, that's what I'm beginning to understand—the difference between the Senate and the House
- the House floor and ask people to sign on to a resolution
- Recess until final adjournment of the House or during the
Keywords:
electric power, interconnection, utilities, ERCOT, large load customers, water supply, sewer service, demand management, Senate Bill 33, Senate Bill 11, abortion, taxpayer funding, healthcare access, government overreach, local control
Summary:
The committee meeting was centered around the discussion of two key bills: SB33 and SB11. SB33 received significant attention as it aimed to close loopholes related to local government funding for abortion travel, which several representatives argued was an overreach of governmental power. Testimonies from supporters highlighted the need for this bill to clarify taxpayer protections, while opponents raised concerns about infringing on local autonomy and access to healthcare. The discussion featured passionate inputs from various stakeholders, emphasizing the societal implications of legislations regarding reproductive rights and healthcare services. At the conclusion of deliberations, both bills were left pending, indicating that further consideration is required before moving forward.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="486"> I could easily go purchase nitrous oxide at the gas station down the street from our house
- That bill passed both houses in a bipartisan manner, and it is currently on appeal in a federal court
Keywords:
municipal libraries, state funding, gender identity, public events, children's literature, presidential electors, election process, voting, Texas Election Code, legislation, federal directives, state rights, constitutional authority, legislative power, enforcement prohibition, Tenth Amendment, attorney general, legal defense, district attorney, county attorney
Summary:
The Senate Committee on State Affairs convened to discuss several legislative measures, notably focusing on youth protection regarding the sale of nitrous oxide and regulations pertaining to 'Drag Queen Story Hours' in public libraries. SB666 aims to prevent the sale of nitrous oxide to individuals under 21, highlighting its health risks, particularly on developing brains. Public health advocates supported the bill, emphasizing the necessity for age restrictions and mandatory state registrations for retailers. The testimony underscored significant concern about the accessibility of nitrous oxide for minors and the urgent need for regulation to mitigate associated health risks.
Additionally, SB18 addressed issues related to drag queen performances in libraries, aiming to restrict public funding for libraries that host such events. This proposal stemmed from safety concerns following reports of inappropriate participants being involved in children's activities. The committee displayed a collaborative spirit, with bipartisan support for the bills aimed at safeguarding children from potentially harmful influences. The meeting concluded with plans for public testimony in the next session, indicating ongoing engagement with community perspectives.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Jurisprudence May 13th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Criminal Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- So the Chair lays out House Bill 1896 and recognizes Representative
- House Bill 1896 states that after an arrest for...
- The second she got kicked out of the house by my grandfather.
Bills:
SB1099, SB1896, SB1980, SB127, SB614, SB955, SB1278, SB1372, SB1936, SB1937, SB2580, SB2595, SB2798
Keywords:
emergency protection, arrest information, victim rights, magistrate duties, criminal procedure, child abuse, reporting obligation, statute of limitations, negligence, legal professionals, forensic science, capital writs, criminal justice, case review, Texas Forensic Science Commission, human trafficking, penal code, felony, punishment, child protection
Summary:
The meeting of the committee primarily focused on several legislative bills aimed at enhancing public safety and criminal justice reforms. Notable discussions included Senate Bill 2595, which aims to criminalize acts of concealing identity while committing harassment or intimidation, with provisions for affirmative defenses. Additionally, Senate Bill 1980 was discussed, aiming to increase penalties for assaults on peace officers and extending legal protections to community supervision officers. The meeting featured testimonies from various stakeholders, emphasizing the need for enhanced protections for vulnerable groups, including victims of trafficking.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- House Bill 912 was introduced in response to the rapid increase
It is the companion to House Bill 3733 by Representative
- They have something showing up when they're trying to get housing, when they're trying to get a job,
- explaining how these records operate to prevent them from seeking advancement in their education, seeking housing
- > from prison for the second time and was living in a halfway house
Bills:
SB552, SB1099, SB1124, SB1208, SB1372, SB1506, SB1667, SB1804, SB1806, SB1870, SB1936, SB1937, SB2180, SB2405, SB2569, SB2570, SB1646
Keywords:
community supervision, criminal justice, illegal alien, deferred adjudication, Texas Code of Criminal Procedure, criminal procedure, discovery, defendant rights, evidence disclosure, justice system, crime laboratory, access, defense counsel, criminal proceedings, discovery, parole reform, inmate release, Board of Pardons and Paroles, recidivism, criminal justice
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Criminal Justice covered several significant legislative proposals aimed at improving the efficiency and safety of the Texas criminal justice system. Lead discussions focused on SB2405, which received attention for its comprehensive approach towards modernizing the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) and addressing recommendations made by the Sunset Advisory Commission. The bill includes provisions for enhanced staff planning and updated rehabilitation programs that are expected to yield substantial cost savings while promoting public safety. Senators engaged actively, expressing their support and raising questions about the implications of the proposed changes, especially concerning parole processes and facility management.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Senate Committee on Education K-16 Mar 25th, 2025 at 08:00 am
Senate Education K-16 Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Assuming it was a family disturbance and unfortunately something bad happened in that house, and that
- Even when this man was in the House.
- Both of y'all were in the House.
In my former district in White House, we really worked
Bills:
SB27, SB226, SB326, SB570, SB605, SB870, SB991, SB1871, SB1872, SB1873, SB1874, SB1924, SB1925
Keywords:
residency, public schools, child safety placement, enrollment, education code, antisemitism, student conduct, education, disciplinary actions, Texas Education Code, school marshal, handgun, open carry, school safety, Texas Education Code, mental health, telehealth, public schools, discipline management, student support
Summary:
The meeting was centered on reviewing several Senate bills focusing on school safety and discipline, primarily Senate Bills 870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, and 1924. Senator Perry emphasized the urgent need for reform in school discipline policies due to increasing incidents of violence and classroom disruptions. The committee acknowledged testimonies from various educators and public witnesses who supported the proposed bills, highlighting their significance in ensuring a safer learning environment. Key discussions revolved around the ability of teachers to maintain classroom discipline, the implications of disciplinary actions, and the support necessary for students with behavioral issues.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Assuming it was a family disturbance and unfortunately something bad happened in that house, and that
- Even when this man was in the house. That's right. Okay. That's what I'm saying, right.
- Both of y'all were in the house. So I've worked on Chapter 37 for a long time. And you're right.
In my former district in White House, we really worked
Bills:
SB27, SB226, SB326, SB570, SB605, SB870, SB991, SB1871, SB1872, SB1873, SB1874, SB1924, SB1925
Keywords:
residency, public schools, child safety placement, enrollment, education code, antisemitism, student conduct, education, disciplinary actions, Texas Education Code, school marshal, handgun, open carry, school safety, Texas Education Code, mental health, telehealth, public schools, discipline management, student support
Summary:
The meeting focused on several significant bills pertaining to school discipline and safety, highlighting the issues faced by teachers due to increased student misbehavior and a perceived lack of administrative support. Key discussions were held around Senate Bill 1924, which aims to restore authority to local police and school district officers to issue misdemeanor citations for school offenses. This bill was met with both support and opposition, illustrating the ongoing debate about how best to maintain safety in schools without causing unnecessary criminalization of students. Witnesses included educators and administrators who provided testimonies on the real-life impacts of classroom disruptions on learning environments. Recommendations for improvements to the bills included calls for flexibility in discipline measures and better support for teachers dealing with disruptive behavior.