5 | 5 | | |
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6 | 6 | | |
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7 | 7 | | A BILL TO BE ENTITLED |
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8 | 8 | | AN ACT |
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9 | 9 | | relating to administrative remedies for certain fraud and abuse |
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10 | 10 | | violations under Medicaid; providing administrative penalties. |
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11 | 11 | | BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: |
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12 | 12 | | SECTION 1. Sections 544.0205(a) and (b), Government Code, |
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13 | 13 | | as effective April 1, 2025, are amended to read as follows: |
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14 | 14 | | (a) The commission may grant an award to an individual who |
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15 | 15 | | reports activity that constitutes fraud or abuse of Medicaid funds |
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16 | 16 | | or who reports Medicaid overcharges if the commission determines |
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17 | 17 | | that the disclosure results in the recovery of a remedy [an |
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18 | 18 | | administrative penalty] imposed under Section 32.039, Human |
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19 | 19 | | Resources Code. The commission may not grant an award to an |
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20 | 20 | | individual in connection with a report if the commission or |
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21 | 21 | | attorney general had independent knowledge of the activity the |
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22 | 22 | | individual reported. |
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23 | 23 | | (b) The commission shall determine the amount of an |
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24 | 24 | | award. The award may not exceed five percent of the amount of the |
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25 | 25 | | remedy [administrative penalty] imposed under Section 32.039, |
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26 | 26 | | Human Resources Code, that resulted from the individual's |
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27 | 27 | | disclosure. In determining the award amount, the commission: |
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28 | 28 | | (1) shall consider how important the disclosure is in |
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29 | 29 | | ensuring the fiscal integrity of Medicaid; and |
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30 | 30 | | (2) may consider whether the individual participated |
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31 | 31 | | in the fraud, abuse, or overcharge. |
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32 | 32 | | SECTION 2. The heading to Section 32.039, Human Resources |
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33 | 33 | | Code, is amended to read as follows: |
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34 | 34 | | Sec. 32.039. ADMINISTRATIVE REMEDIES [DAMAGES AND |
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35 | 35 | | PENALTIES]. |
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36 | 36 | | SECTION 3. Section 32.039(a), Human Resources Code, is |
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37 | 37 | | amended by amending Subdivision (1) and adding Subdivision (3-a) to |
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38 | 38 | | read as follows: |
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39 | 39 | | (1) "Claim" means an application, request, or demand |
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40 | 40 | | for a benefit or payment [of health care services] under Title XIX |
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41 | 41 | | of the [federal] Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. Section 1396 et |
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42 | 42 | | seq.) [that is submitted by a person who is under a contract or |
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43 | 43 | | provider agreement with the commission]. |
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44 | 44 | | (3-a) "Material" means having a natural tendency to |
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45 | 45 | | influence or to be capable of influencing. |
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46 | 46 | | SECTION 4. Section 32.039, Human Resources Code, is amended |
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67 | 64 | | [representation the person knows or should know to be false]; |
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68 | 65 | | (2) [(1-a)] engages in conduct that violates Section |
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69 | 66 | | 102.001, Occupations Code; |
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70 | 67 | | (3) [(1-b)] solicits or receives, directly or |
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71 | 68 | | indirectly, overtly or covertly any remuneration, including any |
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72 | 69 | | kickback, bribe, or rebate, in cash or in kind for referring an |
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73 | 70 | | individual to a person for the furnishing of, or for arranging the |
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74 | 71 | | furnishing of, any item or service for which payment may be made, in |
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75 | 72 | | whole or in part, under the medical assistance program, provided |
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76 | 73 | | that this subdivision does not prohibit the referral of a patient to |
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77 | 74 | | another practitioner within a multispecialty group or university |
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78 | 75 | | medical services research and development plan (practice plan) for |
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79 | 76 | | medically necessary services; |
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80 | 77 | | (4) [(1-c)] solicits or receives, directly or |
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81 | 78 | | indirectly, overtly or covertly any remuneration, including any |
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82 | 79 | | kickback, bribe, or rebate, in cash or in kind for purchasing, |
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83 | 80 | | leasing, or ordering, or arranging for or recommending the |
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84 | 81 | | purchasing, leasing, or ordering of, any good, facility, service, |
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85 | 82 | | or item for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the |
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86 | 83 | | medical assistance program; |
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87 | 84 | | (5) [(1-d)] offers or pays, directly or indirectly, |
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88 | 85 | | overtly or covertly any remuneration, including any kickback, |
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89 | 86 | | bribe, or rebate, in cash or in kind to induce a person to refer an |
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90 | 87 | | individual to another person for the furnishing of, or for |
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91 | 88 | | arranging the furnishing of, any item or service for which payment |
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92 | 89 | | may be made, in whole or in part, under the medical assistance |
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93 | 90 | | program, provided that this subdivision does not prohibit the |
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94 | 91 | | referral of a patient to another practitioner within a |
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95 | 92 | | multispecialty group or university medical services research and |
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96 | 93 | | development plan (practice plan) for medically necessary services; |
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97 | 94 | | (6) [(1-e)] offers or pays, directly or indirectly, |
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98 | 95 | | overtly or covertly any remuneration, including any kickback, |
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99 | 96 | | bribe, or rebate, in cash or in kind to induce a person to purchase, |
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100 | 97 | | lease, or order, or arrange for or recommend the purchase, lease, or |
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101 | 98 | | order of, any good, facility, service, or item for which payment may |
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102 | 99 | | be made, in whole or in part, under the medical assistance program; |
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103 | 100 | | (7) [(1-f)] provides, offers, or receives an |
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104 | 101 | | inducement in a manner or for a purpose not otherwise prohibited by |
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105 | 102 | | this section or Section 102.001, Occupations Code, to or from a |
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106 | 103 | | person, including a recipient, provider, employee or agent of a |
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107 | 104 | | provider, third-party vendor, or public servant, for the purpose of |
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108 | 105 | | influencing or being influenced in a decision regarding: |
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109 | 106 | | (A) selection of a provider or receipt of a good |
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110 | 107 | | or service under the medical assistance program; |
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111 | 108 | | (B) the use of goods or services provided under |
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112 | 109 | | the medical assistance program; or |
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113 | 110 | | (C) the inclusion or exclusion of goods or |
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114 | 111 | | services available under the medical assistance program; |
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115 | 112 | | (8) knowingly makes or causes to be made a false |
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116 | 113 | | statement or misrepresentation of a material fact to permit a |
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117 | 114 | | person to receive a benefit or payment under the medical assistance |
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149 | 144 | | (13) knowingly presents or causes to be presented a |
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150 | 145 | | claim for payment for a product provided or a service rendered by a |
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151 | 146 | | person who: |
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152 | 147 | | (A) is not licensed to provide the product or |
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153 | 148 | | render the service, if a license is required; or |
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154 | 149 | | (B) is not licensed in the manner claimed; |
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155 | 150 | | (14) knowingly makes or causes to be made a claim for: |
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156 | 151 | | (A) a service or product that has not been |
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157 | 152 | | approved or accepted by a treating physician or health care |
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158 | 153 | | practitioner; |
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159 | 154 | | (B) a service or product that is substantially |
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160 | 155 | | inadequate or inappropriate as compared to generally recognized |
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161 | 156 | | standards within the particular discipline or within the health |
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162 | 157 | | care industry; or |
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163 | 158 | | (C) a product that has been adulterated, debased, |
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164 | 159 | | or mislabeled, or that is otherwise inappropriate; |
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165 | 160 | | (15) makes a claim and knowingly fails to indicate the |
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166 | 161 | | type of license of the provider who actually provided the service; |
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167 | 162 | | (16) makes a claim and knowingly fails to indicate the |
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168 | 163 | | identification number of the licensed provider who actually |
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169 | 164 | | provided the service; |
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170 | 165 | | (17) knowingly obstructs the office of inspector |
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171 | 166 | | general from carrying out the office's duties under Section |
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172 | 167 | | 544.0103, Government Code; |
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173 | 168 | | (18) knowingly makes, uses, or causes the making or |
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174 | 169 | | use of a false record or statement material to an obligation to pay |
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175 | 170 | | or transmit money or property to this state under the medical |
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176 | 171 | | assistance program, or knowingly conceals or knowingly and |
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177 | 172 | | improperly avoids or decreases an obligation to pay or transmit |
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178 | 173 | | money or property to this state under the medical assistance |
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179 | 174 | | program; |
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180 | 175 | | (19) [(2)] is a managed care organization that |
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181 | 176 | | contracts with the commission to provide or arrange to provide |
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182 | 177 | | health care benefits or services to individuals eligible for |
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183 | 178 | | medical assistance and: |
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184 | 179 | | (A) fails to provide to an individual a health |
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185 | 180 | | care benefit or service that the organization is required to |
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186 | 181 | | provide under the contract with the commission; |
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187 | 182 | | (B) fails to provide to the commission or other |
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188 | 183 | | appropriate agency information required to be provided by law, |
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189 | 184 | | commission or agency rule, or contractual provision; |
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190 | 185 | | (C) engages in a fraudulent activity in |
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191 | 186 | | connection with the enrollment in the organization's managed care |
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192 | 187 | | plan of an individual eligible for medical assistance or in |
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193 | 188 | | connection with marketing the organization's services to an |
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194 | 189 | | individual eligible for medical assistance; or |
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195 | 190 | | (D) engages in actions that indicate a pattern |
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196 | 191 | | of: |
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197 | 192 | | (i) wrongful denial of payment for a health |
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198 | 193 | | care benefit or service that the organization is required to |
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199 | 194 | | provide under the contract with the commission; or |
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200 | 195 | | (ii) wrongful delay of at least 45 days or a |
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201 | 196 | | longer period specified in the contract with the commission, not to |
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202 | 197 | | exceed 60 days, in making payment for a health care benefit or |
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203 | 198 | | service that the organization is required to provide under the |
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208 | 204 | | (21) engages in any other conduct that a commission |
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209 | 205 | | rule has defined as a violation of the medical assistance program. |
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210 | 206 | | (c) A person who commits a violation under Subsection (b) is |
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211 | 207 | | liable to the commission for the following administrative remedy: |
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212 | 208 | | (1) the amount paid or benefit received, if any, |
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213 | 209 | | directly or indirectly as a result of the violation, including any |
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214 | 210 | | payment made to a third party, and interest on that amount |
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215 | 211 | | determined at the rate provided by law for legal judgments and |
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216 | 212 | | accruing from the date on which the payment was made; and |
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217 | 213 | | (2) payment of an administrative penalty of an amount |
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218 | 214 | | not to exceed twice the amount paid, if any, as a result of the |
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219 | 215 | | violation, plus an amount: |
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220 | 216 | | (A) not less than $5,000 or more than $15,000 or |
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221 | 217 | | the maximum dollar amount imposed as provided by 31 U.S.C. Section |
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222 | 218 | | 3729(a)(1), if that amount exceeds $15,000, for each violation that |
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223 | 219 | | results in injury to an elderly person, as defined by Section |
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224 | 220 | | 48.002(a)(1), a person with a disability, as defined by Section |
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225 | 221 | | 48.002(a)(8)(A), or a person younger than 18 years of age; or |
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226 | 222 | | (B) not more than $10,000 or the maximum dollar |
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227 | 223 | | amount imposed as provided by 31 U.S.C. Section 3729(a)(1), if that |
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228 | 224 | | amount exceeds $10,000, for each violation that does not result in |
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229 | 225 | | injury to a person described by Paragraph (A). |
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230 | 226 | | (c-1) For purposes of Subsection (c)(2), each day a person |
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231 | 227 | | violates Subsection (b)(17), (18), or (19) constitutes a separate |
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232 | 228 | | violation. |
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240 | 229 | | (d) Unless the provider knowingly submitted false or |
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241 | 230 | | misleading information to the commission for use in preparing a |
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242 | 231 | | voucher [that the provider knew or should have known was false] or |
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243 | 232 | | knowingly failed to correct false or misleading information [that |
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244 | 233 | | the provider knew or should have known was false] when provided an |
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245 | 234 | | opportunity to do so, this section does not apply to a claim based |
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246 | 235 | | on the voucher if the commission calculated and printed the amount |
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247 | 236 | | of the claim on the voucher and then submitted the voucher to the |
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248 | 237 | | provider for the provider's signature. In addition, the provider's |
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249 | 238 | | signature on the voucher does not constitute fraud. The executive |
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250 | 239 | | commissioner shall adopt rules that establish a grace period during |
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251 | 240 | | which errors contained in a voucher prepared by the commission may |
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252 | 241 | | be corrected without penalty to the provider. |
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253 | 242 | | (f) If after an examination of the facts the commission |
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254 | 243 | | concludes that the person committed a violation, the commission may |
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255 | 244 | | issue a preliminary report stating the facts on which it based its |
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256 | 245 | | conclusion, recommending that an administrative remedy [penalty] |
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257 | 246 | | under this section be imposed and recommending the amount of the |
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258 | 247 | | proposed remedy [penalty]. |
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259 | 248 | | (g) The commission shall give written notice of the report |
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260 | 249 | | to the person charged with committing the violation. The notice |
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261 | 250 | | must include: |
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291 | 272 | | (l) If, after informal review, a person who has been ordered |
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292 | 273 | | to pay a remedy [penalty] fails to request a formal hearing in a |
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293 | 274 | | timely manner, the commission shall assess the remedy [penalty]. |
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294 | 275 | | The commission shall give the person written notice of its action. |
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295 | 276 | | The person shall pay the remedy [penalty] not later than the 30th |
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296 | 277 | | day after the date on which the person receives the notice. |
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297 | 278 | | (m) Within 30 days after the date on which the commission's |
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298 | 279 | | order issued after a hearing under Subsection (k) becomes final as |
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299 | 280 | | provided by Section 2001.144, Government Code, the person shall: |
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300 | 281 | | (1) pay the amount of the remedy [penalty]; |
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301 | 282 | | (2) pay the amount of the remedy [penalty] and file a |
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302 | 283 | | petition for judicial review contesting the occurrence of the |
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303 | 284 | | violation, the amount of the remedy [penalty], or both the |
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304 | 285 | | occurrence of the violation and the amount of the remedy [penalty]; |
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305 | 286 | | or |
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306 | 287 | | (3) without paying the amount of the remedy [penalty], |
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307 | 288 | | file a petition for judicial review contesting the occurrence of |
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308 | 289 | | the violation, the amount of the remedy [penalty], or both the |
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309 | 290 | | occurrence of the violation and the amount of the remedy [penalty]. |
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310 | 291 | | (n) A person who acts under Subsection (m)(3) within the |
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311 | 292 | | 30-day period may: |
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312 | 293 | | (1) stay enforcement of the remedy [penalty] by: |
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313 | 294 | | (A) paying the amount of the remedy [penalty] to |
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314 | 295 | | the court for placement in an escrow account; or |
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315 | 296 | | (B) giving to the court a supersedeas bond that |
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316 | 297 | | is approved by the court for the amount of the remedy [penalty] and |
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317 | 298 | | that is effective until all judicial review of the commission's |
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318 | 299 | | order is final; or |
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319 | 300 | | (2) request the court to stay enforcement of the |
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320 | 301 | | remedy [penalty] by: |
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321 | 302 | | (A) filing with the court a sworn affidavit of |
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322 | 303 | | the person stating that the person is financially unable to pay the |
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323 | 304 | | amount of the remedy [penalty] and is financially unable to give the |
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324 | 305 | | supersedeas bond; and |
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325 | 306 | | (B) giving a copy of the affidavit to the |
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326 | 307 | | executive commissioner by certified mail. |
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327 | 308 | | (o) If the executive commissioner receives a copy of an |
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328 | 309 | | affidavit under Subsection (n)(2), the executive commissioner may |
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329 | 310 | | file with the court, within five days after the date the copy is |
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330 | 311 | | received, a contest to the affidavit. The court shall hold a hearing |
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331 | 312 | | on the facts alleged in the affidavit as soon as practicable and |
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332 | 313 | | shall stay the enforcement of the remedy [penalty] on finding that |
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333 | 314 | | the alleged facts are true. The person who files an affidavit has |
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334 | 315 | | the burden of proving that the person is financially unable to pay |
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335 | 316 | | the amount of the remedy [penalty] and to give a supersedeas bond. |
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336 | 317 | | (p) If the person charged does not pay the amount of the |
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337 | 318 | | remedy [penalty] and the enforcement of the remedy [penalty] is not |
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338 | 319 | | stayed, the commission may forward the matter to the attorney |
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339 | 320 | | general for enforcement of the remedy [penalty] and interest as |
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340 | 321 | | provided by law for legal judgments. An action to enforce a remedy |
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341 | 322 | | [penalty] order under this section must be initiated in a court of |
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342 | 323 | | competent jurisdiction in Travis County or in the county in which |
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343 | 324 | | the violation was committed. |
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344 | 325 | | (q) Judicial review of a commission order or review under |
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345 | 326 | | this section assessing a remedy [penalty] is under the substantial |
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346 | 327 | | evidence rule. A suit may be initiated by filing a petition with a |
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347 | 328 | | district court in Travis County, as provided by Subchapter G, |
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348 | 329 | | Chapter 2001, Government Code. |
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349 | 330 | | (r) If a remedy [penalty] is reduced or not assessed, the |
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350 | 331 | | commission shall remit to the person the appropriate amount plus |
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351 | 332 | | accrued interest if the remedy [penalty] has been paid or shall |
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352 | 333 | | execute a release of the bond if a supersedeas bond has been posted. |
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353 | 334 | | The accrued interest on amounts remitted by the commission under |
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354 | 335 | | this subsection shall be paid at a rate equal to the rate provided |
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355 | 336 | | by law for legal judgments and shall be paid for the period |
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356 | 337 | | beginning on the date the remedy [penalty] is paid to the commission |
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357 | 338 | | under this section and ending on the date the remedy [penalty] is |
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358 | 339 | | remitted. |
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359 | 340 | | (s) A remedy [damage, cost, or penalty] collected under this |
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360 | 341 | | section is not an allowable expense in a claim or cost report that |
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361 | 342 | | is or could be used to determine a rate or payment under the medical |
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362 | 343 | | assistance program. |
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363 | 344 | | (x) Subsections (b)(3) [(b)(1-b)] through (7) [(1-f)] do |
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364 | 345 | | not prohibit a person from engaging in: |
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365 | 346 | | (1) generally accepted business practices, as |
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366 | 347 | | determined by commission rule, including: |
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367 | 348 | | (A) conducting a marketing campaign; |
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368 | 349 | | (B) providing token items of minimal value that |
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369 | 350 | | advertise the person's trade name; and |
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370 | 351 | | (C) providing complimentary refreshments at an |
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371 | 352 | | informational meeting promoting the person's goods or services; |
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372 | 353 | | (2) the provision of a value-added service if the |
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373 | 354 | | person is a managed care organization; or |
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374 | 355 | | (3) other conduct specifically authorized by law, |
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375 | 356 | | including conduct authorized by federal safe harbor regulations (42 |
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376 | 357 | | C.F.R. Section 1001.952). |
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377 | 358 | | SECTION 5. Section 32.0391(a), Human Resources Code, is |
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378 | 359 | | amended to read as follows: |
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379 | 360 | | (a) A person commits an offense if the person intentionally |
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380 | 361 | | or knowingly commits a violation under Section 32.039(b)(3), (4), |
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381 | 362 | | (5), (6), or (7) [32.039(b)(1-b), (1-c), (1-d), (1-e), or (1-f)]. |
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382 | | - | SECTION 6. Section 36.006, Human Resources Code, is amended |
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| 363 | + | SECTION 6. Section 36.002, Human Resources Code, is amended |
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| 364 | + | to read as follows: |
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| 365 | + | Sec. 36.002. UNLAWFUL ACTS. A person commits an unlawful |
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| 366 | + | act if the person: |
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| 367 | + | (1) knowingly makes or causes to be made a false |
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| 368 | + | statement or misrepresentation of a material fact to permit a |
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| 369 | + | person to receive a benefit or payment under a health care program |
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| 370 | + | that is not authorized or that is greater than the benefit or |
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| 371 | + | payment that is authorized; |
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| 372 | + | (2) knowingly conceals or fails to disclose |
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| 373 | + | information that permits a person to receive a benefit or payment |
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| 374 | + | under a health care program that is not authorized or that is |
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| 375 | + | greater than the benefit or payment that is authorized; |
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| 376 | + | (3) knowingly applies for and receives a benefit or |
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| 377 | + | payment on behalf of another person under a health care program and |
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| 378 | + | converts any part of the benefit or payment to a use other than for |
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| 379 | + | the benefit of the person on whose behalf it was received; |
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| 380 | + | (4) knowingly makes, causes to be made, induces, or |
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| 381 | + | seeks to induce the making of a false statement or |
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| 382 | + | misrepresentation of material fact concerning: |
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| 383 | + | (A) the conditions or operation of a facility in |
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| 384 | + | order that the facility may qualify for certification or |
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| 385 | + | recertification required by a health care program, including |
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| 386 | + | certification or recertification as: |
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| 387 | + | (i) a hospital; |
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| 388 | + | (ii) a nursing facility or skilled nursing |
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| 389 | + | facility; |
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| 390 | + | (iii) a hospice; |
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| 391 | + | (iv) an ICF-IID; |
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| 392 | + | (v) an assisted living facility; or |
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| 393 | + | (vi) a home health agency; or |
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| 394 | + | (B) information required to be provided by a |
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| 395 | + | federal or state law, rule, regulation, or provider agreement |
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| 396 | + | pertaining to a health care program; |
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| 397 | + | (5) except as authorized under a health care program, |
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| 398 | + | knowingly pays, charges, solicits, accepts, or receives, in |
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| 399 | + | addition to an amount paid under the program, a gift, money, a |
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| 400 | + | donation, or other consideration as a condition to the provision of |
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| 401 | + | a service or product or the continued provision of a service or |
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| 402 | + | product if the cost of the service or product is paid for, in whole |
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| 403 | + | or in part, under the program; |
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| 404 | + | (6) knowingly presents or causes to be presented a |
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| 405 | + | claim for payment under a health care program for a product provided |
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| 406 | + | or a service rendered by a person who: |
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| 407 | + | (A) is not licensed to provide the product or |
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| 408 | + | render the service, if a license is required; or |
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| 409 | + | (B) is not licensed in the manner claimed; |
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| 410 | + | (7) knowingly makes or causes to be made a claim under |
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| 411 | + | a health care program for: |
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| 412 | + | (A) a service or product that has not been |
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| 413 | + | approved or acquiesced in by a treating physician or health care |
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| 414 | + | practitioner; |
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| 415 | + | (B) a service or product that is substantially |
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| 416 | + | inadequate or inappropriate when compared to generally recognized |
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| 417 | + | standards within the particular discipline or within the health |
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| 418 | + | care industry; or |
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| 419 | + | (C) a product that has been adulterated, debased, |
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| 420 | + | or mislabeled, or that is otherwise inappropriate; |
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| 421 | + | (8) makes a claim under a health care program and |
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| 422 | + | knowingly fails to indicate the type of license and the |
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| 423 | + | identification number of the licensed health care provider who |
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| 424 | + | actually provided the service; |
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| 425 | + | (9) conspires to commit a violation of Subdivision |
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| 426 | + | (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (10), (11), (12), or (13); |
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| 427 | + | (10) is a managed care organization that contracts |
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| 428 | + | with the commission or other state agency to provide or arrange to |
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| 429 | + | provide health care benefits or services to individuals eligible |
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| 430 | + | under a health care program and knowingly: |
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| 431 | + | (A) fails to provide to an individual a health |
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| 432 | + | care benefit or service that the organization is required to |
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| 433 | + | provide under the contract; |
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| 434 | + | (B) fails to provide to the commission or |
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| 435 | + | appropriate state agency information required to be provided by |
---|
| 436 | + | law, commission or agency rule, or contractual provision; or |
---|
| 437 | + | (C) engages in a fraudulent activity in |
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| 438 | + | connection with the enrollment of an individual eligible under the |
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| 439 | + | program in the organization's managed care plan or in connection |
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| 440 | + | with marketing the organization's services to an individual |
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| 441 | + | eligible under the program; |
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| 442 | + | (11) knowingly obstructs an investigation by the |
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| 443 | + | attorney general of an alleged unlawful act under this section; |
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| 444 | + | (12) knowingly makes, uses, or causes the making or |
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| 445 | + | use of a false record or statement material to an obligation to pay |
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| 446 | + | or transmit money or property to this state under a health care |
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| 447 | + | program, or knowingly conceals or knowingly and improperly avoids |
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| 448 | + | or decreases an obligation to pay or transmit money or property to |
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| 449 | + | this state under a health care program; or |
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| 450 | + | (13) knowingly engages in conduct that constitutes a |
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| 451 | + | violation under Section 32.039(b)(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), |
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| 452 | + | or (17) [32.039(b)]. |
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| 453 | + | SECTION 7. Section 36.006, Human Resources Code, is amended |
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