I
118THCONGRESS
1
STSESSION H. R. 3333
To impose sanctions with respect to trafficking of illicit fentanyl and its
precursors by transnational criminal organizations, including cartels, and
for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
MAY15, 2023
Mr. M
CCAUL(for himself, Mr. CUELLAR, and Mrs. CHAVEZ-DEREMER) intro-
duced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign
Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, the Ju-
diciary, and Oversight and Accountability, for a period to be subsequently
determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provi-
sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
A BILL
To impose sanctions with respect to trafficking of illicit
fentanyl and its precursors by transnational criminal or-
ganizations, including cartels, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 3
(a) S
HORTTITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 4
‘‘Fentanyl Eradication and Narcotics Deterrence Off 5
Fentanyl Act’’ or the ‘‘FEND Off Fentanyl Act’’. 6
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(b) TABLE OFCONTENTS.—The table of contents for 1
this Act is as follows: 2
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
TITLE I—SANCTIONS MATTERS
Subtitle A—Sanctions in Response to National Emergency Relating to
Fentanyl Trafficking
Sec. 101. Finding; policy.
Sec. 102. Use of national emergency authorities; reporting.
Sec. 103. Codification of Executive order imposing sanctions with respect to
foreign persons involved in global illicit drug trade.
Sec. 104. Imposition of sanctions with respect to fentanyl trafficking by
transnational criminal organizations.
Sec. 105. Penalties; waivers; exceptions.
Sec. 106. Treatment of blocked property of transnational criminal organiza-
tions.
Subtitle B—Other Matters
Sec. 111. Eight-year statute of limitations for violations of sanctions.
Sec. 112. Repeal of prohibition on imposition of sanctions with respect to im-
portation of goods under Fentanyl Sanctions Act.
Sec. 113. Classified report and briefing on staffing of Office of Foreign Assets
Control.
Sec. 114. Report on drug transportation routes and use of vessels with mis-
labeled cargo.
TITLE II—ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING MATTERS
Sec. 201. Designation of illicit fentanyl transactions of sanctioned persons as
of primary money laundering concern.
Sec. 202. Treatment of transnational criminal organizations in suspicious
transactions reports of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Net-
work.
Sec. 203. Report on trade-based money laundering in trade with Mexico, the
People’s Republic of China, and Burma.
SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.
3
It is the sense of Congress that— 4
(1) the proliferation of fentanyl is causing an 5
unprecedented surge in overdose deaths in the 6
United States, fracturing families and communities, 7
and necessitating a comprehensive policy response to 8
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combat its lethal flow and to mitigate the drug’s 1
devastating consequences; 2
(2) the trafficking of fentanyl into the United 3
States is a national security threat that has killed 4
hundreds of thousands of United States citizens; 5
(3) transnational criminal organizations, includ-6
ing cartels primarily based in Mexico, are the main 7
purveyors of fentanyl into the United States and 8
must be held accountable; 9
(4) precursor chemicals sourced from the Peo-10
ple’s Republic of China are— 11
(A) shipped from the People’s Republic of 12
China by legitimate and illegitimate means; 13
(B) transformed through various synthetic 14
processes to produce different forms of 15
fentanyl; and 16
(C) crucial to the production of illicit 17
fentanyl by transnational criminal organiza-18
tions, contributing to the ongoing opioid crisis; 19
(5) the United States Government must remain 20
vigilant to address all new forms of fentanyl precur-21
sors and drugs used in combination with fentanyl, 22
such as Xylazine, which attribute to overdose deaths 23
of people in the United States; 24
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(6) to increase the cost of fentanyl trafficking, 1
the United States Government should work collabo-2
ratively across agencies and should surge analytic 3
capability to impose sanctions and other remedies 4
with respect to transnational criminal organizations 5
(including cartels), including foreign nationals who 6
facilitate the trade in illicit fentanyl and its precur-7
sors from the People’s Republic of China and such 8
organizations; and 9
(7) the Department of the Treasury should 10
focus on fentanyl trafficking and its facilitators as 11
one of the top national security priorities for the De-12
partment. 13
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 14
In this Act: 15
(1) A
PPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT -16
TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com-17
mittees’’ means— 18
(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 19
and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and 20
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 21
the Committee on Financial Services of the 22
House of Representatives. 23
(2) F
OREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per-24
son’’— 25
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(A) means— 1
(i) any citizen or national of a foreign 2
country; or 3
(ii) any entity not organized under the 4
laws of the United States or a jurisdiction 5
within the United States; and 6
(B) does not include the government of a 7
foreign country. 8
(3) K
NOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’, with 9
respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 10
means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 11
have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 12
result. 13
(4) T
RAFFICKING.—The term ‘‘trafficking’’, 14
with respect to fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or 15
other related opioids, has the meaning given the 16
term ‘‘opioid trafficking’’ in section 7203 of the 17
Fentanyl Sanctions Act (21 U.S.C. 2302). 18
(5) T
RANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZA -19
TION.—The term ‘‘transnational criminal organiza-20
tion’’ includes— 21
(A) any organization designated as a sig-22
nificant transnational criminal organization 23
under part 590 of title 31, Code of Federal 24
Regulations; 25
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(B) any of the organizations known as— 1
(i) the Sinaloa Cartel; 2
(ii) the Jalisco New Generation Car-3
tel; 4
(iii) the Gulf Cartel; 5
(iv) the Los Zetas Cartel; 6
(v) the Juarez Cartel; 7
(vi) the Tijuana Cartel; 8
(vii) the Beltran-Leyva Cartel; 9
(viii) La Familia Michoacana, also 10
known as the Knights Templar Cartel; or 11
(ix) La Nueva Familia Michoacan; 12
(C) any other organization that the Presi-13
dent determines is a transnational criminal or-14
ganization; or 15
(D) any successor organization to an orga-16
nization described in subparagraph (B) or as 17
otherwise determined by the President. 18
(6) U
NITED STATES PERSON .—The term 19
‘‘United States person’’ means— 20
(A) a United States citizen or an alien law-21
fully admitted for permanent residence to the 22
United States; 23
(B) an entity organized under the laws of 24
the United States or of any jurisdiction within 25
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the United States, including a foreign branch of 1
such an entity; or 2
(C) any person in the United States. 3
TITLE I—SANCTIONS MATTERS 4
Subtitle A—Sanctions in Response 5
to National Emergency Relating 6
to Fentanyl Trafficking 7
SEC. 101. FINDING; POLICY. 8
(a) F
INDING.—Congress finds that international 9
trafficking of fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or other re-10
lated opioids constitutes an unusual and extraordinary 11
threat to the national security, foreign policy, and econ-12
omy of the United States, and is a national emergency. 13
(b) P
OLICY.—It shall be the policy of the United 14
States to apply economic and other financial sanctions to 15
those who engage in the international trafficking of 16
fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or other related opioids to 17
protect the national security, foreign policy, and economy 18
of the United States. 19
SEC. 102. USE OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY AUTHORITIES; 20
REPORTING. 21
(a) I
NGENERAL.—The President may exercise all 22
authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 23
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 24
U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this subtitle. 25
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(b) REPORTREQUIRED.— 1
(1) I
N GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 2
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and an-3
nually thereafter, the President shall submit to the 4
appropriate congressional committees a report on ac-5
tions taken by the executive branch pursuant to this 6
subtitle and any national emergency declared with 7
respect to the trafficking of fentanyl, including— 8
(A) the issuance of any new or revised reg-9
ulations, policies, or guidance; 10
(B) the imposition of sanctions; 11
(C) the collection of relevant information 12
from outside parties; 13
(D) the approval or denial of licenses by 14
the Office of Foreign Assets Control; 15
(E) the initiation of enforcement cases; or 16
(F) the implementation of mitigation pro-17
cedures. 18
(2) F
ORM OF REPORT.—Each report required 19
by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified 20
form, but may include the matters required by sub-21
paragraphs (C), (D), (E), and (F) of that paragraph 22
in a classified annex. 23
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SEC. 103. CODIFICATION OF EXECUTIVE ORDER IMPOSING 1
SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PER-2
SONS INVOLVED IN GLOBAL ILLICIT DRUG 3
TRADE. 4
United States sanctions provided for in Executive 5
Order 14059 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to imposing 6
sanctions on foreign persons involved in the global illicit 7
drug trade), and any amendments to or directives issued 8
pursuant to such Executive orders before the date of the 9
enactment of this Act, shall remain in effect. 10
SEC. 104. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 11
FENTANYL TRAFFICKING BY 12
TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS. 13
(a) I
NGENERAL.—The President shall impose the 14
sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any 15
foreign person the President determines— 16
(1) is knowingly involved in the significant traf-17
ficking of fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or other re-18
lated opioids by a transnational criminal organiza-19
tion; or 20
(2) otherwise is knowingly involved in signifi-21
cant activities of a transnational criminal organiza-22
tion relating to the trafficking of fentanyl, fentanyl 23
precursors, or other related opioids. 24
(b) S
ANCTIONSDESCRIBED.—The President may, 25
pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Pow-26
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ers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), block and prohibit all 1
transactions in property and interests in property of a for-2
eign person described in subsection (a) if such property 3
and interests in property are in the United States, come 4
within the United States, or are or come within the posses-5
sion or control of a United States person. 6
(c) R
EPORTREQUIRED.—Not later than 180 days 7
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 8
thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate 9
congressional committees a report on actions taken by the 10
executive branch with respect to the foreign persons iden-11
tified under subsection (a). 12
SEC. 105. PENALTIES; WAIVERS; EXCEPTIONS. 13
(a) P
ENALTIES.—A person that violates, attempts to 14
violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this 15
subtitle or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry 16
out this subtitle shall be subject to the penalties set forth 17
in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the Inter-18
national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 19
1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an 20
unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section. 21
(b) W
AIVERAUTHORITY.— 22
(1) I
N GENERAL.—The President may waive 23
the imposition of sanctions under this subtitle if the 24
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President determines, and reports to the appropriate 1
congressional committees, that— 2
(A) the waiver is needed for humanitarian 3
purposes; or 4
(B) the national emergency described in 5
section 101 has ended. 6
(2) N
ATIONAL SECURITY WAIVER .—The Presi-7
dent may waive the application of sanctions under 8
this subtitle with respect to a foreign person if the 9
President determines that the waiver is in the na-10
tional security interest of the United States. 11
(c) E
XCEPTIONS.— 12
(1) E
XCEPTION FOR INTELLIGENCE ACTIVI -13
TIES.—This subtitle shall not apply with respect to 14
activities subject to the reporting requirements 15
under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 16
(50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intel-17
ligence activities of the United States. 18
(2) E
XCEPTION FOR COMPLIANCE WITH INTER -19
NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT 20
ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions under section 102(c) shall 21
not apply with respect to an alien if admitting or pa-22
roling the alien into the United States is nec-23
essary— 24
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(A) to permit the United States to comply 1
with the Agreement regarding the Head-2
quarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake 3
Success on June 26, 1947, and entered into 4
force November 21, 1947, between the United 5
Nations and the United States, or other appli-6
cable international obligations of the United 7
States; or 8
(B) to carry out or assist law enforcement 9
activity of the United States. 10
(3) E
XCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH USMCA .— 11
Sanctions under this subtitle shall not apply in a 12
case in which such sanctions would conflict with pro-13
visions of the USMCA (as defined in section 3 of the 14
United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implemen-15
tation Act (19 U.S.C. 4502)). 16
(4) H
UMANITARIAN EXEMPTION .—The Presi-17
dent may not impose sanctions under this subtitle 18
with respect to any person for conducting or facili-19
tating a transaction for the sale of agricultural com-20
modities, food, medicine, or medical devices or for 21
the provision of humanitarian assistance. 22
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SEC. 106. TREATMENT OF BLOCKED PROPERTY OF 1
TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS. 2
(a) T
RANSFER OF BLOCKEDPROPERTY TO FOR-3
FEITUREFUNDS.— 4
(1) I
N GENERAL.—The President may transfer 5
the proceeds of any covered forfeited property to the 6
Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund estab-7
lished under section 9705 of title 31, United States 8
Code, or the Department of Justice Assets For-9
feiture Fund established under section 524(c) of title 10
28, United States Code. 11
(2) R
EPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 12
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and 13
every 180 days thereafter, the President shall sub-14
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a 15
report on any transfers made under paragraph (1) 16
during the 180-day period preceding submission of 17
the report. 18
(3) C
OVERED FORFEITED PROPERTY DE -19
FINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘covered for-20
feited property’’ means property— 21
(A) seized by the Department of Justice 22
under chapter 46 or section 1963 of title 18, 23
United States Code; and 24
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(B) that belonged to or was possessed by 1
a transnational criminal organization subject to 2
sanctions under— 3
(i) this subtitle; 4
(ii) the Fentanyl Sanctions Act (21 5
U.S.C. 2301 et seq.); or 6
(iii) Executive Order 14059 (50 7
U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to imposing 8
sanctions on foreign persons involved in 9
the global illicit drug trade). 10
(b) B
LOCKEDASSETSUNDERTERRORISMRISKIN-11
SURANCEACT OF2002.—Nothing in this subtitle affects 12
the treatment of blocked assets of a terrorist party de-13
scribed in subsection (a) of section 201 of the Terrorism 14
Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (28 U.S.C. 1610 note). 15
Subtitle B—Other Matters 16
SEC. 111. EIGHT-YEAR STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS FOR VIO-17
LATIONS OF SANCTIONS. 18
(a) I
NTERNATIONAL EMERGENCYECONOMICPOW-19
ERSACT.—Section 206 of the International Emergency 20
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) is amended by 21
adding at the end the following: 22
‘‘(d) S
TATUTE OFLIMITATIONS.— 23
‘‘(1) T
IME FOR COMMENCING PROCEEDINGS .— 24
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‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—An action, suit, or 1
proceeding for the enforcement of any civil fine, 2
penalty, or forfeiture, pecuniary or otherwise, 3
under this section shall not be entertained un-4
less commenced within eight years after the lat-5
est date of the violation upon which the civil 6
fine, penalty, or forfeiture is based. 7
‘‘(B) C
OMMENCEMENT .—For purposes of 8
this paragraph, the commencement of an ac-9
tion, suit, or proceeding includes the issuance of 10
a pre-penalty notice or finding of violation. 11
‘‘(2) T
IME FOR INDICTMENT .—No person shall 12
be prosecuted, tried, or punished for any offense 13
under subsection (c) unless the indictment is found 14
or the information is instituted within eight years 15
after the latest date of the violation upon which the 16
indictment or information is based.’’. 17
(b) T
RADINGWITH THEENEMYACT.—Section 16 18
of the Trading with the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. 4315) is 19
amended by adding at the end the following: 20
‘‘(d) S
TATUTE OFLIMITATIONS.— 21
‘‘(1) T
IME FOR COMMENCING PROCEEDINGS .— 22
‘‘(A) I
N GENERAL.—An action, suit, or 23
proceeding for the enforcement of any civil fine, 24
penalty, or forfeiture, pecuniary or otherwise, 25
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under this section shall not be entertained un-1
less commenced within eight years after the lat-2
est date of the violation upon which the civil 3
fine, penalty, or forfeiture is based. 4
‘‘(B) C
OMMENCEMENT .—For purposes of 5
this paragraph, the commencement of an ac-6
tion, suit, or proceeding includes the issuance of 7
a pre-penalty notice or finding of violation. 8
‘‘(2) T
IME FOR INDICTMENT .—No person shall 9
be prosecuted, tried, or punished for any offense 10
under subsection (a) unless the indictment is found 11
or the information is instituted within eight years 12
after the latest date of the violation upon which the 13
indictment or information is based.’’. 14
SEC. 112. REPEAL OF PROHIBITION ON IMPOSITION OF 15
SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO IMPORTATION 16
OF GOODS UNDER FENTANYL SANCTIONS 17
ACT. 18
Section 7235 of the Fentanyl Sanctions Act (21 19
U.S.C. 2335) is repealed. 20
SEC. 113. CLASSIFIED REPORT AND BRIEFING ON STAFF-21
ING OF OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CON-22
TROL. 23
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-24
ment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Foreign 25
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Assets Control shall provide to the appropriate congres-1
sional committees a classified report and briefing on the 2
staffing of the Office of Foreign Assets Control, 3
disaggregated by staffing dedicated to each sanctions pro-4
gram and each country or issue. 5
SEC. 114. REPORT ON DRUG TRANSPORTATION ROUTES 6
AND USE OF VESSELS WITH MISLABELED 7
CARGO. 8
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-9
ment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury, in con-10
junction with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, 11
shall provide to the appropriate congressional committees 12
a classified report and briefing on efforts to target drug 13
transportation routes and modalities, including an assess-14
ment of the prevalence of false cargo labeling and ship-15
ment of precursor chemicals without accurate tracking of 16
the customers purchasing the chemicals. 17
TITLE II—ANTI-MONEY 18
LAUNDERING MATTERS 19
SEC. 201. DESIGNATION OF ILLICIT FENTANYL TRANS-20
ACTIONS OF SANCTIONED PERSONS AS OF 21
PRIMARY MONEY LAUNDERING CONCERN. 22
Subtitle A of the Fentanyl Sanctions Act (21 U.S.C. 23
2311 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 7213 24
the following: 25
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‘‘SEC. 7213A. DESIGNATION OF TRANSACTIONS OF SANC-1
TIONED PERSONS AS OF PRIMARY MONEY 2
LAUNDERING CONCERN. 3
‘‘(a) I
NGENERAL.—If the Secretary of the Treasury 4
determines that reasonable grounds exist for concluding 5
that one or more classes of transactions within, or involv-6
ing, a jurisdiction outside of the United States is of pri-7
mary money laundering concern in connection with illicit 8
opioid trafficking, the Secretary of the Treasury may, by 9
order, regulation, or otherwise as permitted by law— 10
‘‘(1) require domestic financial institutions and 11
domestic financial agencies to take 1 or more of the 12
special measures provided for in section 9714(a)(1) 13
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 14
Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 31 U.S.C. 5318A 15
note); and 16
‘‘(2) prohibit, or impose conditions upon, cer-17
tain transmittals of funds (to be defined by the Sec-18
retary) by any domestic financial institution or do-19
mestic financial agency, if such transmittal of funds 20
involves any such class of transactions. 21
‘‘(b) C
LASSIFIEDINFORMATION.—In any judicial re-22
view of a finding of the existence of a primary money laun-23
dering concern, or of the requirement for 1 or more special 24
measures with respect to a primary money laundering con-25
cern made under this section, if the designation or imposi-26
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tion, or both, were based on classified information (as de-1
fined in section 1(a) of the Classified Information Proce-2
dures Act (18 U.S.C. App.)), such information may be 3
submitted by the Secretary to the reviewing court ex parte 4
and in camera. This subsection does not confer or imply 5
any right to judicial review of any finding made or any 6
requirement imposed under this section. 7
‘‘(c) A
VAILABILITY OFINFORMATION.—The exemp-8
tions from, and prohibitions on, search and disclosure re-9
ferred to in section 9714(c) of the National Defense Au-10
thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116– 11
283; 31 U.S.C. 5318A note) shall apply to any report or 12
record of report filed pursuant to a requirement imposed 13
under subsection (a). For purposes of section 552 of title 14
5, United States Code, this section shall be considered a 15
statute described in subsection (b)(3)(B) of that section. 16
‘‘(d) P
ENALTIES.—The penalties referred to in sec-17
tion 9714(d) of the National Defense Authorization Act 18
for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 31 U.S.C. 19
5318A note) shall apply to violations of any order, regula-20
tion, special measure, or other requirement imposed under 21
subsection (a), in the same manner and to the same extent 22
as described in such section 9714(d). 23
‘‘(e) I
NJUNCTIONS.—The Secretary of the Treasury 24
may bring a civil action to enjoin a violation of any order, 25
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regulation, special measure, or other requirement imposed 1
under subsection (a) in the same manner and to the same 2
extent as described in section 9714(e) of the National De-3
fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 4
116–283; 31 U.S.C. 5318A note). 5
‘‘(f) D
EFINITIONS.—In this section, the terms ‘do-6
mestic financial agency’, ‘domestic financial institution’, 7
‘financial agency’, and ‘financial institution’ have the 8
meanings given those terms as used in section 9714 of 9
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 10
2021 (Public Law 116–283; 31 U.S.C. 5318A note).’’. 11
SEC. 202. TREATMENT OF TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL OR-12
GANIZATIONS IN SUSPICIOUS TRANSACTIONS 13
REPORTS OF THE FINANCIAL CRIMES EN-14
FORCEMENT NETWORK. 15
(a) F
ILINGINSTRUCTIONS.—Not later than 180 days 16
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director 17
of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network shall issue 18
guidance or instructions to United States financial institu-19
tions for filing reports on suspicious transactions required 20
by section 1010.320 of title 31, Code of Federal Regula-21
tions, related to suspected fentanyl trafficking by 22
transnational criminal organizations. 23
(b) P
RIORITIZATION OF REPORTSRELATING TO 24
F
ENTANYLTRAFFICKING ORTRANSNATIONALCRIMINAL 25
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•HR 3333 IH
ORGANIZATIONS.—The Director shall prioritize research 1
into reports described in subsection (a) that indicate a 2
connection to trafficking of fentanyl or related synthetic 3
opioids or financing of suspected transnational criminal 4
organizations. 5
SEC. 203. REPORT ON TRADE-BASED MONEY LAUNDERING 6
IN TRADE WITH MEXICO, THE PEOPLE’S RE-7
PUBLIC OF CHINA, AND BURMA. 8
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact-9
ment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall sub-10
mit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 11
on trade-based money laundering originating in Mexico or 12
the People’s Republic of China and involving Burma. 13
Æ
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