FL
Florida House Bill H0569

Florida 2024 Regular Session

Florida House Bill H0569 Compare Versions

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1010 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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1414 A bill to be entitled 1
1515 An act relating to suits against the government; 2
1616 amending s. 47.011, F.S.; abolishing the common -law 3
1717 doctrine of home venue privilege with respect to 4
1818 action against the state; amending s. 768.28, F.S.; 5
1919 increasing the statutory limits on liability for tort 6
2020 claims against the state and its agencies and 7
2121 subdivisions; authorizing a subdivision of the state 8
2222 to settle a claim in excess of the statutory limit 9
2323 without further action by the Legislature regardless 10
2424 of insurance coverage limits; prohibiting an insuranc e 11
2525 policy from conditioning payment of benefits on the 12
2626 enactment of a claim bill; specifying that the 13
27-limitations in effect on the date the claim accru es 14
28-apply to that claim; revising the period within which 15
29-certain claims must be presented to certain entities; 16
30-revising exceptions relating to instituting actions on 17
31-tort claims against the state or one of its agencies 18
32-or subdivisions; revising the period after which the 19
33-failure of certain entities to make final disposition 20
34-of a claim shall be deemed a final denial of the claim 21
35-for certain purposes; revising the statute of 22
36-limitations for tort claims against the state or one 23
37-of its agencies or subdivisions and exceptions 24
38-thereto; reenacting ss. 45.061, 110.504, 111.071, 25
27+limitations in effect on the date a final judgment is 14
28+entered apply to that claim; requiring the Department 15
29+of Financial Services to adjust the limitations on 16
30+tort liability every year after a specified date; 17
31+revising the period within which certain claims must 18
32+be presented to certain entities; revising exceptions 19
33+relating to instituting actions on tort claims against 20
34+the state or one of its agencies or subd ivisions; 21
35+revising the period after which the failure of certain 22
36+entities to make final disposition of a claim shall be 23
37+deemed a final denial of the claim for certain 24
38+purposes; revising the statute of limitations for tort 25
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4747 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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51-125.01015, 163.01, 190.043, 213.015, 252.51, 252.89, 26
52-252.944, 260.0125, 284.31, 284.38, 322.13, 337.19, 27
53-341.302, 351.03, 373.1395, 375.251, 381.0056, 393.075, 28
54-394.9085, 395.1055, 403.706, 409 .175, 409.993, 29
55-420.504, 420.507, 455.221, 455.32, 456.009, 456.076, 30
56-471.038, 472.006, 497.167, 513.118, 548.046, 556.106, 31
57-589.19, 627.7491, 723.0611, 760.11, 766.1115, 766.112, 32
58-768.1355, 768.1382, 768.295, 944.713, 946.5026, 33
59-946.514, 961.06, 1002.33, 1002. 333, 1002.34, 1002.351, 34
60-1002.37, 1002.55, 1002.83, 1002.88, 1006.24, and 35
61-1006.261, F.S., to incorporate the amendments made to 36
62-s. 768.28, F.S., in references thereto; providing 37
63-applicability; providing an effective date. 38
64- 39
65-Be It Enacted by the Legislatu re of the State of Florida: 40
66- 41
67- Section 1. Section 47.011, Florida Statutes, is amended to 42
68-read: 43
69- 47.011 Where actions may be begun. — 44
70- (1) Actions shall be brought only in the county where the 45
71-defendant resides, where the cause of action accrued, or whe re 46
72-the property in litigation is located. This section shall not 47
73-apply to actions against nonresidents. 48
74- (2) The common-law doctrine of home venue privilege is 49
75-abolished with respect to civil actions brought against the 50
51+claims against the state or one of its agencies or 26
52+subdivisions and exceptions thereto; reenacting ss. 27
53+45.061, 110.504, 111.071, 125.01015, 163.01, 190.043, 28
54+213.015, 252.51, 252.89, 252.944, 260.0125, 284.31, 29
55+284.38, 322.13, 337.19, 341.302, 351.03, 373.1395, 30
56+375.251, 381.0056, 393.075, 39 4.9085, 395.1055, 31
57+403.706, 409.175, 409.993, 420.504, 420.507, 455.221, 32
58+455.32, 456.009, 456.076, 471.038, 472.006, 497.167, 33
59+513.118, 548.046, 556.106, 589.19, 627.7491, 723.0611, 34
60+760.11, 766.1115, 766.112, 768.1355, 768.1382, 35
61+768.295, 944.713, 946.5026, 9 46.514, 961.06, 1002.33, 36
62+1002.333, 1002.34, 1002.351, 1002.37, 1002.55, 37
63+1002.83, 1002.88, 1006.24, and 1006.261, F.S., to 38
64+incorporate the amendments made to s. 768.28, F.S., in 39
65+references thereto; providing applicability; providing 40
66+an effective date. 41
67+ 42
68+Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: 43
69+ 44
70+ Section 1. Section 47.011, Florida Statutes, is amended to 45
71+read: 46
72+ 47.011 Where actions may be begun. — 47
73+ (1) Actions shall be brought only in the county where the 48
74+defendant resides, where the c ause of action accrued, or where 49
75+the property in litigation is located. This section shall not 50
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8484 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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88-state. This subsection does not aff ect any venue provision 51
89-otherwise established in law. 52
90- Section 2. Subsection (5), paragraphs (a) and (d) of 53
91-subsection (6), and subsection (14) of section 768.28, Florida 54
92-Statutes, are amended to read: 55
93- 768.28 Waiver of sovereign immunity in tort actio ns; 56
94-recovery limits; civil liability for damages caused during a 57
95-riot; limitation on attorney fees; statute of limitations; 58
96-exclusions; indemnification; risk management programs. — 59
97- (5)(a) The state and its agencies and subdivisions shall 60
98-be liable for tort claims in the same manner and to the same 61
99-extent as a private individual under like circumstances, but 62
100-liability shall not include punitive damages or interest for the 63
101-period before judgment. Neither the state nor its agencies or 64
102-subdivisions shall be li able to pay a claim or a judgment by any 65
103-one person which exceeds the sum of $400,000 $200,000 or any 66
104-claim or judgment, or portions thereof, which, when totaled with 67
105-all other claims or judgments paid by the state or its agencies 68
106-or subdivisions arising o ut of the same incident or occurrence, 69
107-exceeds the sum of $600,000 $300,000. However, a judgment or 70
108-judgments may be claimed and rendered in excess of these amounts 71
109-and may be settled and paid pursuant to this act up to $400,000 72
110-or $600,000 $200,000 or $300,000, as the case may be; and that 73
111-portion of the judgment that exceeds these amounts may be 74
112-reported to the Legislature, and but may be paid in part or in 75
88+apply to actions against nonresidents. 51
89+ (2) The common-law doctrine of home venue privilege is 52
90+abolished with respect to civil actions brought against the 53
91+state. This subsection does not affect any venue provision 54
92+otherwise established in law. 55
93+ Section 2. Subsection (5), paragraphs (a) and (d) of 56
94+subsection (6), and subsection (14) of section 768.28, Florida 57
95+Statutes, are amended to read: 58
96+ 768.28 Waiver of so vereign immunity in tort actions; 59
97+recovery limits; civil liability for damages caused during a 60
98+riot; limitation on attorney fees; statute of limitations; 61
99+exclusions; indemnification; risk management programs. — 62
100+ (5)(a) The state and its agencies and subdiv isions shall 63
101+be liable for tort claims in the same manner and to the same 64
102+extent as a private individual under like circumstances, but 65
103+liability shall not include punitive damages or interest for the 66
104+period before judgment. Neither the state nor its agenci es or 67
105+subdivisions shall be liable to pay a claim or a judgment by any 68
106+one person which exceeds the sum of $400,000 $200,000 or any 69
107+claim or judgment, or portions thereof, which, when totaled with 70
108+all other claims or judgments paid by the state or its agen cies 71
109+or subdivisions arising out of the same incident or occurrence, 72
110+exceeds the sum of $600,000 $300,000. However, a judgment or 73
111+judgments may be claimed and rendered in excess of these amounts 74
112+and may be settled and paid pursuant to this act up to $400,000 75
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121121 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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125-whole only by further act of the Legislature. 76
126- (b) Notwithstanding the limited waiver of sovereign 77
127-immunity provided in paragraph (a): 78
128- 1. herein, The state or an agency or subdivision thereof 79
129-may agree, within the limits of insurance coverage provided, to 80
130-settle a claim made or a judgment rendered against it in excess 81
131-of the waiver provided in paragr aph (a) without further action 82
132-by the Legislature. 83
133- 2. A subdivision of the state may agree to settle a claim 84
134-made or a judgment rendered against it in excess of the waiver 85
135-provided in paragraph (a) without further action by the 86
136-Legislature. 87
137- 88
138-However, but the state or an agency or subdivision thereof shall 89
139-not be deemed to have waived any defense of sovereign immunity 90
140-or to have increased the limits of its liability as a result of 91
141-its obtaining insurance coverage for tortious acts in excess of 92
142-the $200,000 or $300,000 waiver provided in paragraph (a). An 93
143-insurance policy may not condition the payment of benefits, in 94
144-whole or in part, on the enactment of a claim bill above. 95
145- (c) The limitations of liability set forth in this 96
146-subsection shall apply to the state and its agencies and 97
147-subdivisions whether or not the state or its agencies or 98
148-subdivisions possessed sovereign immunity before July 1, 1974. 99
149- (d)(b) A municipality has a duty to allow the municipal 100
125+or $600,000 $200,000 or $300,000 , as the case may be; and that 76
126+portion of the judgment that exceeds these amounts may be 77
127+reported to the Legislature, and but may be paid in part or in 78
128+whole only by further act of the Legislature. 79
129+ (b) Notwithstanding the limited waiver of sovereign 80
130+immunity provided in paragraph (a): 81
131+ 1. herein, The state or an agency or subdivision thereof 82
132+may agree, within the limits of insurance coverage provided, to 83
133+settle a claim made or a judgment rendered against it in excess 84
134+of the waiver provided in paragraph (a) without further action 85
135+by the Legislature. 86
136+ 2. A subdivision of the state may agree to settle a claim 87
137+made or a judgment rendered against it in excess of the waiver 88
138+provided in paragraph (a) without further action by the 89
139+Legislature. 90
140+ 91
141+However, but the state or an agency or subdivision thereof shall 92
142+not be deemed to have waived any defense of sovereign immunity 93
143+or to have increased the limits of its liability as a result of 94
144+its obtaining insurance coverage for tortious acts in excess of 95
145+the $200,000 or $300,000 waiver provided in paragraph (a). An 96
146+insurance policy may not condition the payment of benefits, in 97
147+whole or in part, on the enactment of a claim bill above. 98
148+ (c) The limitations of liability set forth in this 99
149+subsection shall apply to the state and its agencies and 100
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158158 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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162-law enforcement agency to respond appropriately to protect 101
163-persons and property during a riot or an unlawful assembly based 102
164-on the availability of adequate equipment to its municipal law 103
165-enforcement officers and relevant state and federal laws. If the 104
166-governing body of a municipality or a person authorized by the 105
167-governing body of the municipality breaches that duty, the 106
168-municipality is civilly liable for any damages, including 107
169-damages arising from personal injury, wrongful death, or 108
170-property damages proxim ately caused by the municipality's breach 109
171-of duty. The sovereign immunity recovery limits in paragraph (a) 110
172-do not apply to an action under this paragraph. 111
173- (e) When determining liability limits for a claim, the 112
174-limitations of liability in effect on the da te the claim accrues 113
175-shall apply to the claim. 114
176- (6)(a) An action may not be instituted on a claim against 115
177-the state or one of its agencies or subdivisions unless the 116
178-claimant presents the claim in writing to the appropriate 117
179-agency, and also, except as to any claim against a municipality, 118
180-county, or the Florida Space Authority, presents such claim in 119
181-writing to the Department of Financial Services, within 18 120
182-months 3 years after such claim accrues and the Department of 121
183-Financial Services or the appropriate agency denies the claim in 122
184-writing; except that, if: 123
185- 1. Such claim is for contribution pursuant to s. 768.31, 124
186-it must be so presented within 6 months after the judgment 125
162+subdivisions whether or not the state or its agencies or 101
163+subdivisions possessed sovereign immunity before July 1, 1974. 102
164+ (d)(b) A municipality has a duty to allow the municipal 103
165+law enforcement agency to respond appropriately to protect 104
166+persons and property during a riot or an unlawful assembly based 105
167+on the availability of adequate equipment to its municipal law 106
168+enforcement officers and relevant state and federal laws. If the 107
169+governing body of a municipality or a person authorized by the 108
170+governing body of the municipality breaches that duty, the 109
171+municipality is civilly liable for any damages, including 110
172+damages arising from personal injury, wrongful death, or 111
173+property damages proximately caused by the municipality's breach 112
174+of duty. The sovereign immunity recovery limits in paragraph (a) 113
175+do not apply to an action under this paragraph. 114
176+ (e) When determining liability limits for a clai m, the 115
177+limitations of liability in effect on the date a final judgment 116
178+is entered shall apply to the claim. 117
179+ (f) Beginning July 1, 2025, and every July 1 thereafter, 118
180+the Department of Financial Services shall adjust the 119
181+limitations of liability in this su bsection to reflect changes 120
182+in the Consumer Price Index for the Southeast or a successor 121
183+index as calculated by the United States Department of Labor. 122
184+ (6)(a) An action may not be instituted on a claim against 123
185+the state or one of its agencies or subdivisi ons unless the 124
186+claimant presents the claim in writing to the appropriate 125
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195195 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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199-against the tortfeasor seeking contribution has become final by 126
200-lapse of time for app eal or after appellate review or, if there 127
201-is no such judgment, within 6 months after the tortfeasor 128
202-seeking contribution has either discharged the common liability 129
203-by payment or agreed, while the action is pending against her or 130
204-him, to discharge the comm on liability; or 131
205- 2. Such action arises from a violation of s. 794.011 132
206-involving a victim who was younger than the age of 16 at the 133
207-time of the act, the claimant must present the claim in writing 134
208-within 13 years after the victim reaches the age of majorit y. 135
209-This subparagraph applies to any such action other than one 136
210-which would have been time barred on or before July 1, 2010, 137
211-under s. 95.11(9) is for wrongful death, the claimant must 138
212-present the claim in writing to the Department of Financial 139
213-Services within 2 years after the claim accrues . 140
214- (d) For purposes of this section, complete, accurate, and 141
215-timely compliance with the requirements of paragraph (c) shall 142
216-occur prior to settlement payment, close of discovery or 143
217-commencement of trial, whichever is soon er; provided the ability 144
218-to plead setoff is not precluded by the delay. This setoff shall 145
219-apply only against that part of the settlement or judgment 146
220-payable to the claimant, minus claimant's reasonable attorney's 147
221-fees and costs. Incomplete or inaccurate di sclosure of unpaid 148
222-adjudicated claims due the state, its agency, officer, or 149
223-subdivision, may be excused by the court upon a showing by the 150
199+agency, and also, except as to any claim against a municipality, 126
200+county, or the Florida Space Authority, presents such claim in 127
201+writing to the Department of Financial Services, within 18 128
202+months 3 years after such claim accrues and the Department of 129
203+Financial Services or the appropriate agency denies the claim in 130
204+writing; except that, if: 131
205+ 1. Such claim is for contribution pursuant to s. 768.31, 132
206+it must be so presented within 6 months after the judgment 133
207+against the tortfeasor seeking contribution has become final by 134
208+lapse of time for appeal or after appellate review or, if there 135
209+is no such judgment, within 6 months after the tortfeasor 136
210+seeking contribution has either discharged the comm on liability 137
211+by payment or agreed, while the action is pending against her or 138
212+him, to discharge the common liability; or 139
213+ 2. Such action arises from a violation of s. 794.011 140
214+involving a victim who was younger than the age of 16 at the 141
215+time of the act, the claimant must present the claim in writing 142
216+within 13 years after the victim reaches the age of majority. 143
217+This subparagraph applies to any such action other than one 144
218+which would have been time barred on or before July 1, 2010, 145
219+under s. 95.11(9) is for wrongful death, the claimant must 146
220+present the claim in writing to the Department of Financial 147
221+Services within 2 years after the claim accrues . 148
222+ (d) For purposes of this section, complete, accurate, and 149
223+timely compliance with the requirements of paragraph (c) shall 150
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232232 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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236-preponderance of the evidence of the claimant's lack of 151
237-knowledge of an adjudicated claim and reasonable inquiry by, or 152
238-on behalf of, the claimant to obtain the information from public 153
239-records. Unless the appropriate agency had actual notice of the 154
240-information required to be disclosed by paragraph (c) in time to 155
241-assert a setoff, an unexcused failure to disclose shall, u pon 156
242-hearing and order of court, cause the claimant to be liable for 157
243-double the original undisclosed judgment and, upon further 158
244-motion, the court shall enter judgment for the agency in that 159
245-amount. Except as provided otherwise in this subsection, the 160
246-failure of the Department of Financial Services or the 161
247-appropriate agency to make final disposition of a claim within 4 162
248-6 months after it is filed shall be deemed a final denial of the 163
249-claim for purposes of this section. For purposes of this 164
250-subsection, in medic al malpractice actions and in wrongful death 165
251-actions, the failure of the Department of Financial Services or 166
252-the appropriate agency to make final disposition of a claim 167
253-within 90 days after it is filed shall be deemed a final denial 168
254-of the claim. The statu te of limitations for medical malpractice 169
255-actions and wrongful death actions is tolled for the period of 170
256-time taken by the Department of Financial Services or the 171
257-appropriate agency to deny the claim. The provisions of this 172
258-subsection do not apply to such claims as may be asserted by 173
259-counterclaim pursuant to s. 768.14. 174
260- (14) Every claim against the state or one of its agencies 175
236+occur prior to settlement payment, close of discovery or 151
237+commencement of trial, whichever is sooner; provided the ability 152
238+to plead setoff is not precluded by the delay. This setoff shall 153
239+apply only against that part of the settlement or judgment 154
240+payable to the claimant, minus claimant's reasonable attorney's 155
241+fees and costs. Incomplete or inaccurate disclosure of unpaid 156
242+adjudicated claims due the state, its agency, officer, or 157
243+subdivision, may be excused by the court upon a showing by the 158
244+preponderance of the evidence of the claimant's lack of 159
245+knowledge of an adjudicated claim and reasonable inquiry by, or 160
246+on behalf of, the claimant to obtain the information from public 161
247+records. Unless the appropriate agency had actual notice of the 162
248+information required to be disclosed by paragraph (c) in time to 163
249+assert a setoff, an unexcused failure to disclose shall, upon 164
250+hearing and order of court, cause the claimant to be liable for 165
251+double the original undisclosed judgment and, upon further 166
252+motion, the court shall e nter judgment for the agency in that 167
253+amount. Except as provided otherwise in this subsection, the 168
254+failure of the Department of Financial Services or the 169
255+appropriate agency to make final disposition of a claim within 4 170
256+6 months after it is filed shall be de emed a final denial of the 171
257+claim for purposes of this section. For purposes of this 172
258+subsection, in medical malpractice actions and in wrongful death 173
259+actions, the failure of the Department of Financial Services or 174
260+the appropriate agency to make final dispos ition of a claim 175
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269269 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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273-or subdivisions for damages for a negligent or wrongful act or 176
274-omission pursuant to this section shall be forever barred unless 177
275-the civil action is commenced by filing a complaint in the court 178
276-of appropriate jurisdiction : 179
277- (a) Within 2 4 years for an action founded on negligence. 180
278- (b) Within the limitations provided in s. 768.31(4) for an 181
279-action for contribution. 182
280- (c) Within the limitations provided in s. 95.11(4) for an 183
281-action for damages arising from medical malpractice or wrongful 184
282-death. 185
283- (d) Within 15 years after the victim reaches the age of 186
284-majority for any action arising from acts constituting a 187
285-violation of s. 794.011 invol ving a victim who was younger than 188
286-the age of 16 at the time of the act. This paragraph applies to 189
287-any such action other than one which would have been time barred 190
288-on or before July 1, 2010, under s. 95.11(9). 191
289- (e) Within 4 years for any other action not specified in 192
290-this subsection after such claim accrues; except that an action 193
291-for contribution must be commenced within the limitations 194
292-provided in s. 768.31(4), and an action for damages arising from 195
293-medical malpractice or wrongful death must be commenced within 196
294-the limitations for such actions in s. 95.11(4) . 197
295- Section 3. Sections 45.061, 110.504, 111.071, 125.01015, 198
296-163.01, 190.043, 213.015, 252.51, 252.89, 252.944, 260.0125, 199
297-284.31, 284.38, 322.13, 337.19, 341.302, 351.03, 373.1395, 200
273+within 90 days after it is filed shall be deemed a final denial 176
274+of the claim. The statute of limitations for medical malpractice 177
275+actions and wrongful death actions is tolled for the period of 178
276+time taken by the Department of Financial Servi ces or the 179
277+appropriate agency to deny the claim. The provisions of this 180
278+subsection do not apply to such claims as may be asserted by 181
279+counterclaim pursuant to s. 768.14. 182
280+ (14) Every claim against the state or one of its agencies 183
281+or subdivisions for damages for a negligent or wrongful act or 184
282+omission pursuant to this section shall be forever barred unless 185
283+the civil action is commenced by filing a complaint in the court 186
284+of appropriate jurisdiction : 187
285+ (a) Within 2 4 years for an action founded on negligence. 188
286+ (b) Within the limitations provided in s. 768.31(4) for an 189
287+action for contribution. 190
288+ (c) Within the limitations provided in s. 95.11(4) for an 191
289+action for damages arising from medical malpractice or wrongful 192
290+death. 193
291+ (d) Within 15 years after the victim r eaches the age of 194
292+majority for any action arising from acts constituting a 195
293+violation of s. 794.011 involving a victim who was younger than 196
294+the age of 16 at the time of the act. This paragraph applies to 197
295+any such action other than one which would have been time barred 198
296+on or before July 1, 2010, under s. 95.11(9). 199
297+ (e) Within 4 years for any other action not specified in 200
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306306 F L O R I D A H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S
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310-375.251, 381.0056, 393.075, 394.9085, 395.1055, 403.706, 201
311-409.175, 409.993, 420.504, 420.507, 455.221, 455.32, 456.009, 202
312-456.076, 471.038, 472.006, 497.167, 513.118, 548.046, 556.106, 203
313-589.19, 627.7491, 723.0611, 760.11, 766.1115, 766.112, 768.1355, 204
314-768.1382, 768.295, 944.713, 946.5026, 946.514, 961.06, 1002.33, 205
315-1002.333, 1002.34, 1002.351, 1002.37, 1002.55, 1002.83, 1002.88, 206
316-1006.24, and 1006.261, Florida Statutes, are reenacted for the 207
317-purpose of incorporating the amendments made by this act to s. 208
318-768.28, Florida Statutes, in references thereto. 209
319- Section 4. This act applies to claims accruing on or after 210
320-October 1, 2024. 211
321- Section 5. This act shall take effect October 1, 2024. 212
310+this subsection after such claim accrues; except that an action 201
311+for contribution must be commenced within the limitations 202
312+provided in s. 768.31(4), and an action for damages arising from 203
313+medical malpractice or wrongful death must be commenced within 204
314+the limitations for such actions in s. 95.11(4) . 205
315+ Section 3. Sections 45.061, 110.504, 111.071, 125.01015, 206
316+163.01, 190.043, 213.015, 252.51, 2 52.89, 252.944, 260.0125, 207
317+284.31, 284.38, 322.13, 337.19, 341.302, 351.03, 373.1395, 208
318+375.251, 381.0056, 393.075, 394.9085, 395.1055, 403.706, 209
319+409.175, 409.993, 420.504, 420.507, 455.221, 455.32, 456.009, 210
320+456.076, 471.038, 472.006, 497.167, 513.118, 548.046 , 556.106, 211
321+589.19, 627.7491, 723.0611, 760.11, 766.1115, 766.112, 768.1355, 212
322+768.1382, 768.295, 944.713, 946.5026, 946.514, 961.06, 1002.33, 213
323+1002.333, 1002.34, 1002.351, 1002.37, 1002.55, 1002.83, 1002.88, 214
324+1006.24, and 1006.261, Florida Statutes, are reenac ted for the 215
325+purpose of incorporating the amendments made by this act to s. 216
326+768.28, Florida Statutes, in references thereto. 217
327+ Section 4. This act applies to claims accruing on or after 218
328+October 1, 2024. 219
329+ Section 5. This act shall take effect October 1, 2024. 220