Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'client data'
Page 22 of 65
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources May 12th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="0"> data-time="18"> Darby Chair. Here.
- And the
data-time="2754"> data-time="2772">
- As you know, we
data-time="2790"> data-time
data-time="2808"> data-time="2826"> Which
- " data-time="4500"> data-time="4518"> data-time
Keywords:
LP-gas, property owner notice, natural resources, gas installations, safety notification, HB2, SB2949, fuel regulations, gas facilities, Texas-Mexico border, public safety, illegal fuel operations
Summary:
The meeting featured robust discussions surrounding several bills, particularly focusing on HB2 and SB2949, which aim to establish better regulations for gas facilities and address concerns over fuel transportation. Representative Rosenthal introduced HB2, explaining its intent to improve protocols for gas installations, and shared a personal account of safety concerns that arose from similar incidents in his area. SB2949 was discussed with emphasis on curbing illegal fuel operations while protecting legitimate trade across the Texas-Mexico border. The bill drew attention due to a rise in fuel-related crimes and the need for effective tracking of fuel movements. Both bills left pending, highlighting the committee's commitment to revisiting and refining the proposed measures.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- " data-time="3582"> data-time="3600"> data-time
- " data-time="3744"> data-time="3762"> data-time
- " data-time="4212"> data-time="4230"> data-time
- " data-time="4374"> data-time="4392"> data-time
- 1072" data-time="6426"> data-time="6444"> data-time
Keywords:
hemp regulation, consumable products, cannabinoids, occupational licenses, criminal offenses, lobbying, public funds, political subdivisions, government accountability, transparency, taxpayer-funded lobbying, election integrity, SB11, SB12, hemp-derived THC, community advocacy, transparency, local control
Summary:
The committee meeting held a vigorous debate primarily concerning Senate Bills 11, 12, and 5, each addressing significant legislative issues including taxpayer-funded lobbying, election integrity, and the regulation of hemp-derived THC products. Proponents of SB12 defended it as necessary for transparency and fiscal responsibility, emphasizing the suppression of taxpayer-funded lobbying as a means to protect taxpayer interests. In contrast, opponents raised concerns that the bill would silence local government voices and hinder advocacy from smaller communities, arguing that it undermines local control and representation in the legislative process. Throughout the discussions, key testimonies illustrated the political divides over these legislative priorities, generating significant public interest and engagement.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="0">Bucy.
data-time="0">Here.
- data-time="19080"> ...any of them, but as a potential client, if I went to
- data elements.
- Yes, I know client-level information. data-time="23742"> Okay.
- in data.
Bills:
HB5141, HB4638, HB2264, HB2035, HB4813, HB4408, HB2684, HB1621, HB2300, HB216, HB3829, HB4466, HB1747, HB2284, HB3614, HB2587, HB3219, HB3318, HB5147, HB4014
Keywords:
lease, state property, public purpose, Travis County, Health and Human Services, pharmaceutical initiative, drug distribution, healthcare services, generic drugs, advanced pharmaceuticals, cost savings, mental health, patient discharge, medical records, health care professionals, substance use, family involvement, chemical dependency, treatment facilities, minor admissions
Summary:
The Committee on Public Health convened to discuss various bills related to mental health, public health initiatives, and animal care. Notably, representatives presented House Bill 2264, which aims to facilitate communication between mental health patients and their families, allowing family members to provide important medical information during emergencies. The bill sparked a substantial discussion, with advocates from the National Alliance on Mental Illness supporting its intention to improve patient outcomes. Other significant bills included HB 1747, introduced to create a council for mental health and substance use, fostering collaboration among affected systems, and HB 2684, which focuses on palliative care options for parents facing life-limiting diagnoses for their unborn children. Public testimonies supported these measures, highlighting their importance in enhancing care and support for vulnerable populations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce Feb 4th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- We can access that data.
- data-time="7536"> A lot of data.
- data-time="2556"> Just data center load, right?
- data-time="6444"> data from the Texas market to set rates if the data they
- data-time="7524"> A lot of data.
Keywords:
electric grid, cryptocurrency mining, insurance costs, transmission planning, winter storm resiliency
Summary:
The meeting focused on various critical issues affecting Texas, primarily the challenges surrounding the electric grid and rising insurance costs. Members discussed the ongoing implications of weatherization standards and the operational performance of the grid since the Winter Storm Uri. Significant attention was given to the growing demand for electricity in the state, especially in the context of emerging industries like cryptocurrency mining, and how that influences the need for resilient transmission planning. Additionally, extensive discussions occurred regarding the potential transition of transmission infrastructure from 345 kV to 765 kV, weighing the costs and future readiness of Texas' electrical grid.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce May 22nd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="144">Blanco.
- data-time="180">Blanco.
- data-time="216">Blanco.
- data-time="414">Blanco.
- data-time="504">Blanco.
Keywords:
House Bill 5247, HCR 102, capital cost recovery, nuclear energy, legislative testimony, Senator Campbell
Summary:
The meeting was characterized by a thorough examination of various bills, with particular focus on House Bill 5247, which dealt with capital cost recovery mechanisms for utilities and featured discussions on its implications for consumers. Senator Campbell presented the bill, emphasizing its balanced approach and necessity for clarity in existing utility provisions. Multiple members expressed support, leading to a unanimous vote for its approval, showcasing a collaborative atmosphere within the committee. Additionally, HCR 102 was highlighted, which sought to call attention to the importance of federal tax credits for sustaining and expanding nuclear energy in Texas. The testimony from industry experts reinforced the bill's significance as Texas seeks to maintain its leadership in energy production amidst rising demands and competitive pressures from international markets.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Land & Resource Management May 1st, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Land & Resource Management Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- " data-time="4896"> data-time="4914"> data-time
- " data-time="5058"> data-time="5076"> data-time
- " data-time="5220"> data-time="5238"> data-time
- " data-time="5382"> data-time="5400"> data-time
- " data-time="5544"> data-time="5562"> data-time
Bills:
HB407, HB871, HB882, HB2011, HB3572, HB3578, HB4038, HB4866, HB4897, HB4978, HB5380, HB5555, HB5668, HB5670, HB5674, HB5676, HB5679, HB5688, SB673
Keywords:
solar energy, residential construction, building code, municipal regulations, energy compliance, solar energy, building codes, residential construction, interconnection, municipal regulations, education, funding, teacher support, student resources, school infrastructure, solar energy, residential construction, building code, municipal requirements, environmental sustainability
Summary:
The meeting of the committee involved in-depth discussions on various bills aimed at addressing community needs and rights pertaining to land use and environmental management. Notably, House Bill 2011 proposed a framework for original property owners to repurchase their land under specific conditions when property taxes are not paid by the acquiring entity. Representative Bell articulated concerns regarding the rights of owners affected by eminent domain, engaging with public testimony on the bill's implications. House Bill 5380, presented by Representative Wally, focused on improving access to parkland and green spaces in unincorporated areas, allowing counties to set criteria for parkland dedication, which sparked debates about urban versus rural development considerations and community planning.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Disease Prevention & Women's & Children's Health Mar 27th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House S/C on Disease Prevention & Women's & Children's Health
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="0"> data-time="18"> Disease prevention and women
- " data-time="4446"> data-time="4464"> data-time
- ="4482"> data-time="4500"> data-time="4518"> <
- /span>data-time="4536"> data-time="4554"> Thank you.
- marker="895" data-time="5364"> data-time="5382">
Keywords:
Medicaid, child health, express lane option, income verification, supplemental nutrition assistance, telepharmacy, healthcare access, remote dispensing, rural clinics, pharmacy regulations, health literacy, state health plan, health care, patient outcomes, public health, economic impact, Medicaid, healthcare, breast cancer, cervical cancer
Summary:
In this committee meeting, members engaged in extensive discussions regarding several bills aimed at enhancing public health initiatives in Texas. Notably, House Bill 1295 was introduced to tackle the pressing issue of health literacy, highlighting its critical importance for improving health outcomes and reducing costs within the state's healthcare system. Vice Chair Busey presented House Bill 321, which aims to streamline the enrollment process for Medicaid and CHIP by utilizing data from the SNAP application to ensure that eligible children can access necessary healthcare coverage. Both bills received public testimonies that emphasized the need for better health education and access to health insurance, particularly for children and vulnerable populations in Texas. Witnesses spoke on the societal importance of nurturing a health-conscious generation, thereby laying a moral obligation on policymakers to support such legislative endeavors.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C County & Regional Government Apr 7th, 2025 at 10:04 am
Transcript Highlights:
- data safe.
data-time="860">We love our clients, so we're happy to help.
- " data-time="2578"> data-time="2598"> data-time
- " data-time="2758"> data-time="2778"> data-time
- " data-time="2938"> data-time="2958"> data-time
Keywords:
law enforcement, Harris County, staffing shortages, funding, public safety, budgetary practices
Summary:
The meeting focused on various bills concerning law enforcement and budgetary practices in the state. Discussions highlighted the challenges faced by law enforcement agencies, particularly in Harris County, regarding staffing shortages and funding gaps. Representatives presented bills such as HB2413 and HB2014, which aim to address pay parity and improve law enforcement capabilities within the local jurisdiction. Witness testimonies underscored the urgency of ensuring that law enforcement agencies have the necessary resources to meet the demands of their communities, especially in light of rising crime rates and public safety concerns.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on County & Regional Government Apr 28th, 2025 at 11:04 am
House S/C on County & Regional Government
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="0"> All right.
- data-time="342"> ...with critical data.
- data-time="5526"> data-time="5544">
- marker="928" data-time="5562"> data-time="5580"> data-time="5598"> data-time="5616"> data-time
Bills:
HB2814, HB4477, HB5084, HB5108, HB5127, HB5383, HB5611, HB5663, HB5664, SB1563, HB2668, HB3841, HB4114
Keywords:
juvenile justice, release documents, children, identification, Texas Juvenile Justice Department, civil service, staffing requirements, local government, positions exemption, Texas legislation, fireworks, Lunar New Year, retail permits, local government, public safety, Texas law, holiday sales, county purchasing, government authority, local government
Summary:
The meeting focused on significant legislative proposals primarily centered around public health and criminal justice reforms. Notably, discussions centered on HB3841 and HB5108, which aim to enhance transparency and accountability in death investigations within county jails. Representatives shared compelling testimonies involving the necessity for improved oversight following recent incidents of in-custody deaths, highlighting the emotional impact on affected families. Witnesses from advocacy groups passionately urged the committee to approve the bills to foster trust in the system and uphold public safety standards. Additionally, various members addressed HB5611, which would empower emergency services districts to provide preventative healthcare services, contributing to the prevention of unnecessary 911 calls.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Transportation Funding Apr 14th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House S/C on Transportation Funding
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="36">To my right, your left,
data-time
data-time="918"> data-time="936"> Rd as a
data-time="936"> data-time="954"> Our plan
data-time="1080"> data-time="1098"> Thank
data-time="1116"> data-time="1134"> close.
Bills:
HB1589, HB2208, HB2297, HB2560, HB2725, HB3080, HB4417, HB4473, HB4520, HB4662, HB4888, HB4905, HB4906
Keywords:
toll collection, vehicle registration, electronic notices, administrative fees, nonpayment penalties, Adopt-a-County Road, funding, road maintenance, county partnership, public recognition, toll discounts, emergency responders, transportation, discount programs, public service, roadway funding, border security, transportation facilities, commercial motor vehicles, local government
Summary:
The committee meeting centered on several key legislative bills focused primarily on transportation and toll road policies. Notable discussions included HB1589, which aims to require voter approval before any new toll road can be constructed. Representative Dirty emphasized that Texans should have a voice regarding tolling roads they didn't vote for, while opponents argued that this could impede necessary road funding. HB2725, which proposed toll exemptions for first responders, also received significant attention as it seeks to alleviate financial burdens on those who serve the community during emergencies. Witnesses testified on behalf of these bills, providing personal stories and statistics to support their positions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part II) Feb 18th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="0"> Thank you for watching!
- data-time="18"> Thank you.
- data-time="936"> You go.
- data-time="954"> Sure.
- freely to all their clients.
Keywords:
clean up bills, licensing, Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, public safety, professional integrity, massage therapy, electrician licensing
Summary:
The committee meeting included extensive discussions on a variety of bills, predominantly focusing on cleanup legislation aimed at aligning Texas laws with current practices and standards within various professional fields. Notable bills discussed included SB703, which addressed licensing consequences for massage establishments to close loopholes in existing law, and SB764, which related to improving procedures for electrician's licensing appeals. Several members expressed support for these measures, highlighting their importance in maintaining professional integrity and public safety. Public testimonies were received, offering insights and support from professionals in the fields impacted by these legislative changes.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="5202">They won't accept clients under it; they won't provide
- " data-time="5436"> data-time="5454"> data-time
- " data-time="5598"> data-time="5616"> data-time
- " data-time="5760"> data-time="5778"> data-time
- " data-time="5922"> data-time="5940"> data-time
Keywords:
election officials, confidentiality, personal information, government transparency, public safety, spirit beverages, alcoholic beverages, Texas Alcoholic Beverage Code, distribution, taxation, firearms, local regulation, archery equipment, weapons, public safety, voter registration, statewide list, county requirements, election integrity, computer services contracts
Summary:
The Senate Committee on State Affairs convened to discuss three critical bills, primarily centered around national security concerns and their implications on civil liberties. Notably, Senate Bill 2514 drew significant scrutiny and opposition from various witnesses who raised alarms about how the bill could infringe upon free speech rights and privacy. The bill aims to establish a framework for identifying and monitoring foreign influence operations against Texas, specifically targeting adversaries like China and Russia. Proponents argued that such measures are necessary to protect the integrity of state governance and prevent malign foreign influence, while opponents warned that it may lead to excessive governmental oversight and potential abuse of power.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 5th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="288"> data-time="306"> Here.
data-time="306"> data-time="324"> Villalobos
data-time="414"> data-time="432"> Sure.
- data-time="1638"> So, are there additional fees that a client, a customer,
- data-time="14202"> data-time="14220"> data-time
Keywords:
water management, desalination, Corpus Christi, drought, Inner Harbor Water Treatment Campus, state funding, economic impact
Summary:
The meeting focused primarily on water management issues related to the ongoing drought in Texas, particularly concerning the need for new water sources such as seawater desalination. Testimonies highlighted the critical status of local water supplies and the urgency of projects designed to secure future water availability. A noteworthy discussion revolved around the upcoming Inner Harbor Water Treatment Campus and desalination plant in Corpus Christi, which is aiming to become Texas's first municipally owned facility of its kind. Various stakeholders emphasized the importance of timely state support and funding in expediting these projects to mitigate water shortages and their potential economic impacts on the region.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
89th Legislative Session - Second Called Session Aug 21st, 2025 at 10:08 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="36"> data-time="54"> data-time="72"> The
- ="43" data-time="252"> data-time="270"> data-time
- ="76" data-time="450"> data-time="468"> data-time
- data-time="990"> data-time="1008"> data-time="
- data-time="3330"> I work on a regular basis, representing clients who have
Keywords:
youth camp, emergency preparedness, safety standards, regulation, civil penalties, emergency communication, public safety, interoperability, Texas Interoperability Council, grant program, emergency communication, broadband, funding, natural disasters, technology, disaster relief, emergency communication, fraud prevention, legislation, public safety
Summary:
The committee meeting primarily focused on the discussion and passage of several key bills, including SB5, which pertains to supplemental appropriations for disaster relief. This bill was passed unanimously, highlighting the committee's commitment to addressing disaster preparedness. HB20, aimed at reducing fraudulent charitable solicitations during disasters, also saw significant debate, with positive sentiments expressed by its sponsor, Mr. Darby. Additionally, HB22, which expands the authority of the comptroller to fund emergency communication systems, was passed with overwhelming support, indicating a consensus on improving emergency response capabilities within the state. The session concluded with discussions about future legislative measures aimed at strengthening infrastructure against disasters.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Jurisprudence May 6th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Criminal Jurisprudence Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- data gaps.
data-time="4320">Representative- data-time
- data-time="6120"> data-time="6138">
- marker="1027" data-time="6156"> data-time="6174"> data-time="6192"> data-time="6210">
Keywords:
intoxication, assault, criminal penalty, Bodily injury, serious bodily injury, law enforcement, emergency services, public safety, juvenile justice, legal representation, House Bill 437, House Bill 507, Senate Bill 40, public testimony, legislative procedures, bail bond payments
Summary:
The meeting convened to discuss various bills primarily focused on juvenile justice and legal representation standards. Notable discussions included House Bill 437, which addresses the placement of youth in detention facilities according to regulations, as explained by Representative Cook. House Bill 507, which pertains to legal representation for indigent defendants, also sparked a debate that resulted in tight voting, showcasing the divergent opinions among committee members. Additionally, Senate Bill 40 underwent a reconsideration, reflecting substantial amendments aimed at balancing non-profit and for-profit entity payments related to bail bonds, which highlighted the complexities of legislative amendments and the procedural adherence required to maintain order in discussions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Feb 12th, 2025 at 10:02 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- ="18" data-time="408"> data-time="432"> data-time
- ="40" data-time="936"> data-time="960"> data-time
- ="47" data-time="1104"> data-time="1128"> data-time
- " data-time="2544"> data-time="2568"> All right.
- " data-time="2760"> data-time="2784"> All right.
Keywords:
legislation, public safety, educational reforms, funding allocations, stakeholder insights
Summary:
The committee meeting revolved around a variety of legislative matters, with significant emphasis placed on ongoing debates surrounding public safety initiatives and educational reforms. Members expressed diverse perspectives, particularly on how proposed amendments might impact local communities. A number of stakeholders offered insights, highlighting both potential benefits and drawbacks associated with the new policies being discussed. Notably, there were discussions regarding funding allocations and their implications for state resources.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="0"> data-time="18"> Thank you.
- 1036" data-time="6210"> data-time="6228"> data-time
- 1063" data-time="6372"> data-time="6390"> data-time
- 1090" data-time="6534"> data-time="6552"> data-time
- 1117" data-time="6696"> data-time="6714">
Keywords:
county funding, prosecutors' offices, elections, law enforcement, local government, municipal libraries, state funding, gender identity, public events, children's literature, wildfire response, volunteer fire departments, electric grid security, public funding, literacy programs, emergency management, community safety
Summary:
The committee meeting was focused on several critical pieces of legislation, particularly SB34 aimed at enhancing wildfire response capabilities for volunteer fire departments throughout Texas. This bill introduces a statewide database for firefighting equipment and raises the grant cap for rural volunteer fire departments. Various witnesses, including experts and stakeholders, testified in support of the bill by emphasizing the increasing wildfire threats experienced in recent years. The committee spent considerable time addressing the amendments and concerns surrounding ongoing wildfire risks, ensuring that necessary resources are allocated to combat this urgency effectively. Discussion also revolved around SB75, a bill that seeks to codify security measures for the Texas electric grid in response to potential electromagnetic pulse threats and other vulnerabilities, with multiple testimonies highlighting the considerable risks posed to public safety and infrastructure if inaction persists.
In addition to other bills discussed, there were notable debates around SB18 which aims to restrict public funding for libraries hosting certain performances. Critics expressed concerns over the potential limitations on community literacy programs, drawing attention to the overwhelming need for inclusive educational resources to combat literacy issues in Texas. The rigorous dialogue reflected the committee's commitment to not only legislative processes but also the significant impact these decisions hold for the broader Texas community. Overall, the meeting was well-attended, indicating active participation from both members and the public.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="144"> Ms.
data-time="4482"> data-time="4500"> And then
- , as you were saying in response to Senator Hagenbuch's question regarding data, data are indicators.
- But data does not necessarily show cause or solution. So one of the data indicators...
- ="5310"> demographic data.
Keywords:
TCEQ, MUDs, Municipal Utility Districts, legislative control, environmental regulation, infrastructure, community concerns, transparency, growth management
Summary:
The meeting focused on discussions regarding the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality's (TCEQ) oversight and regulations concerning Municipal Utility Districts (MUDs). Several members expressed concerns about the rapid growth facilitated by the creation of MUDs, with particular emphasis on the legislative authority over such entities. Senator Birdwell highlighted the importance of legislative control over MUD creation, discussing the second and third-order impacts on local communities and infrastructure. The discussion was characterized by a view that the current approval processes may lack necessary scrutiny, leading to community concerns about environmental impacts and infrastructure strain as new developments arise.
Public testimony revealed a sense of urgency among constituents regarding environmental regulations and the role TCEQ plays in managing the challenges of population growth. Members of the committee raised issues around the clarity of TCEQ's powers and responsibilities, advocating for more transparency and proactive community engagement from the agency. As the meeting concluded, the need for improved communication and the importance of ensuring compliance with state law were emphasized, with a promise from TCEQ representatives to address these concerns moving forward.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Apr 14th, 2025 at 02:04 pm
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="0"> is now 451.
data-time="108">Since 2015, according to the Railroad Commission data
data-time="288"> data-time="306"> notice.
data-time="342"> data-time="360"> picture is
data-time="360"> data-time="378"> Schedule A
Keywords:
surface estate, well plugging, Railroad Commission, landowner rights, liability, strategic reserve, gas supply, petroleum products, disaster response, Railroad Commission of Texas, energy security, emergency planning, oil and gas waste, Railroad Commission, environmental regulation, waste management, mining pits, groundwater monitoring, oil and gas waste, regulation
Summary:
The committee meeting centered around the discussion of several bills, primarily focusing on environmental and transparency issues related to oil and gas operations. Notably, a bill introduced by Representative Rosenthal (HB5105) aimed to enhance transparency for royalty owners concerning suspension of payments, requiring operators to notify them of any reasons for such suspensions. During the meeting, multiple witnesses testified, emphasizing the necessity of protecting landowners' rights and ensuring responsible management of hazardous waste from oil operations. Additionally, the committee heard about HB4572, which aimed to require landowner consent before the burial of waste on their properties, highlighting the importance of land and groundwater protection amidst growing concerns of contamination from reserve pits used in the oil and gas industry.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on County & Regional Government Mar 17th, 2025 at 10:00 am
House S/C on County & Regional Government
Transcript Highlights:
data-time="378"> data-time="396"> Where they
data-time="396"> data-time="414"> ...out that
data-time="414"> data-time="432"> ...similar
data-time="522"> data-time="540"> Constable
- data-time="3474"> Do a lot of you represent a lot of clients in development
Keywords:
law enforcement, sheriff, constable, contracts, county governance, videoconference, county park commissioners, government meetings, public access, legislation, unincorporated communities, grant program, public improvement, rural development, Texas counties, law enforcement, sheriffs, constables, contracts, property owners' associations
Summary:
In this meeting, discussions centered around public safety and law enforcement contracts in unincorporated areas of Harris County. Key bills, including HB336, were examined which aim to allow homeowners and municipal utility districts the right to contract for police services directly, ensuring that these communities have reliable law enforcement amid growing populations. Representatives voiced concerns regarding oversight, fiscal responsibility, and the need for adequate policing coverage, especially as the unincorporated areas continue to expand rapidly without corresponding funding for public safety. Witnesses testified both in support and opposition to the proposed legislation, highlighting the need for accountability and clarity in contracting.