Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'foreign entities'
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TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Justice May 22nd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- assault survivors to have Sexual Assault Examination Kits tested by the Department of Public Safety for foreign
Keywords:
legal reforms, public safety, house bills, sexual violence, law enforcement, consent definition, criminal justice, victim protection
Summary:
The meeting of the committee was marked by extensive discussions on various bills, focusing primarily on enhancing legal measures and protections in criminal cases. Notable among the discussions was HB3073, known as the Summer Willis Act, which aims to provide a clearer statutory definition of consent regarding sexual violence. The bill received overwhelming support as it seeks to close existing gaps in Texas law to better protect survivors. Additionally, HB1871, which increases penalties for attempted capital murder of a peace officer, was presented by Senator Schwartner, emphasizing the need for stronger deterrents against attacks on law enforcement officials. The committee moved several bills to the full Senate with favorable recommendations, showcasing a unified effort towards legislative progress in public safety and survivor protections.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources Apr 7th, 2025 at 12:00 pm
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- afraid because they're foreign workers.
Keywords:
inactive wells, oil and gas regulation, environmental protection, Railroad Commission of Texas, well plugging, Railroad Commission, penalties, violations, pipeline safety, civil penalties, criminal penalties, environmental protection, wildfire prevention, oil and gas, safety inspections, administrative penalties, Railroad Commission of Texas, excavation, notification, utilities
Summary:
The meeting of the House Committee focused predominantly on House Bill 3791, which aims to reform the notification requirements for excavators before commencing work. Representative Batson introduced the bill, emphasizing the need to update Texas's current 48-hour notification system to align with 45 other states, where the notification period is typically two business days. The bill aims to enhance public safety and streamline the excavation process, allowing for a more efficient and timely communication system among excavators and utility locators. During the discussions, Vice Chair Morales raised concerns regarding equitable enforcement and the absence of penalties for locators if deadlines aren't met, which led to a more in-depth conversation about enhancing responsibility across parties involved in the excavation process.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Property Tax Appraisals May 1st, 2025 at 10:05 am
House S/C on Property Tax Appraisals
Transcript Highlights:
- I mean, taxing entity employees, and I would not want to be
- of the potential purchase, and then the taxing entities only have 30 days to pass a resolution.
Silence from the taxing entities is considered a no
- Many of us have hundreds of taxing entities that we have to work with.
- It was challenging because so many of our taxing entities didn't meet within the...
Keywords:
ad valorem tax, property tax, incomplete structure, human occupancy, tax exemption, property tax, appraisal, reappraisal, transparency, data privacy, teacher eligibility, appraisal review board, education, criminal offense, school district, Property Tax, Appraisal Efficiency, Senate Bill 2073, Senate Bill 974, Transparency in Property Appraisal
Summary:
The meeting of the Permanent Standing Subcommittee on Property Tax Appraisals focused on several important bills aimed at improving the efficiency and transparency of property appraisal processes. Notably, Senate Bill 2073 was discussed, which seeks to provide appraisal districts with more flexibility in managing facility improvements while streamlining the approval process. The bill was noted to enhance operational efficiency, allowing Appraisal Districts greater financial tools to manage long-term capital projects. Witness Leona Mann testified in support, highlighting the need to reduce bureaucratic barriers that currently hinder timely decisions on property acquisitions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 19th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Because I agree with you, sometimes the bigger entities have an easier time getting resources.
- But do the other local entities that already created the PUA have to agree to let the new entity join
- I don't think that an existing PUA would disfavor another public entity joining.
- I don't think that there's any prohibition on other entities joining as well.
- Authority or just the entities within the PUA?
Keywords:
coastal protection, environmental management, Gulf Coast, storm risk management, funding, Texas General Land Office, healthcare, insurance reform, patient access, insurance regulation, affordable care, health insurance, consumer rights, coverage transparency, claims process, insurance regulations, aggregate production, environmental impact, financial responsibility, reclamation
Summary:
The committee meeting addressed critical water infrastructure issues, focusing primarily on H.J.R. 7 and HB 1400. Members emphasized the urgent need for dedicated funding to tackle Texas's impending water crisis, as population growth and drought significantly strain current water resources. Notable discussions included testimonies from representatives of the Environmental Defense Fund and the Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts, who expressed strong support for these bills, underlining their importance in improving groundwater management and funding scientific approaches to water conservation. The committee highlighted the necessity of equipping groundwater conservation districts with resources to ensure robust groundwater science and research.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 26th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- It is an effort by 27 entities—both public entities, private entities, local entities, state entities
- I do have a map that shows these different entities.
- , districts, counties, and other qualified entities, and to allow more entities to apply for expedited
- We provide a system to entities in completing their audits, but we aren't reaching out to entities to
- No, we don't develop suggestions for each entity.
Keywords:
groundwater, export fees, conservation district, interlocal contracts, water supply, groundwater, water conservation, permit application, neighboring districts, aquifer, water rates, utility regulation, financial hardship, rate increase cap, Class A utilities, dissolution, special districts, water code, inactive districts, environmental quality
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on addressing several important water-related bills, including HB391, HB420, and HB2626 among others. Representative Bell presented updates on HB391 related to accountability for rural water districts, achieving a consensus for statewide applicability and allowing for virtual meetings. Multiple testimonies were heard, showcasing both support for and concerns regarding the bills, specifically emphasizing the significance of maintaining water resources and addressing community needs amid Texas's growth. Representative Buckley advocated for HB2626 aimed at establishing the Central Texas Water Alliance to ensure sustainable water management across the region, which involves collaboration among various public, private, and state entities.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Property Tax Appraisals Apr 17th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House S/C on Property Tax Appraisals
Transcript Highlights:
- , including the ISDs and a number of other entities.
- I don't want to be that kind of tax entity.
- ...entities.
- The elected leaders of the tax entities answer to the people.
- So, this bill would allow fee awards to entities that...
Keywords:
county appraisal district, board of directors, governance, taxing units, public representation, penalty, property report, taxation, timely filing, chief appraiser, appraisal district, ad valorem tax, property appraisal, tax protests, unequal appraisal, property rights, property tax, public employees, protest leave, appraisal review board
Summary:
The meeting addressed multiple pieces of legislation related to property appraisal, primarily focusing on HB1952, HB4703, and HB3524. There was a lively discussion surrounding HB1952, which proposes to increase the number of elected members on appraisal boards, aiming to enhance transparency and accountability. Public testimony included varied perspectives, with residents expressing a desire for more representation in appraisal decisions, while some members voiced concerns about the potential politicization of these boards. The committee left the bill pending for further scrutiny, indicating the complexity of the subject matter and the differing opinions within the community.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
Local GovernmentAudio only. Aug 26th, 2025
Senate Local Government Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Yes, and if they can contact all these taxing entities or have those taxing entities tell them.
- Or allow us your local taxing entity.
- Are you okay with your local taxing entity emailing you the date of the meeting?
- I would think all the taxing entities would try to help drive people to that.
- ...email from every single taxing entity, correct?
Keywords:
property tax, school funding, enrollment changes, inflation adjustment, tax rate notice, property tax, transparency, tax exemptions, public testimony, local government, Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, unfunded mandate
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Local Government focused primarily on two bills, HB23 and HB17. HB23, which clarifies existing tax exemptions for charitable organizations, particularly concerning the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, received unanimous support from committee members and was reported out without opposition. Meanwhile, HB17 sparked more robust discussions surrounding transparency in property tax notifications. Proponents argued the necessity of providing clear, direct information to taxpayers about rate changes, while opponents raised concerns about the financial burden this would impose on school districts and local governments, asserting that the bill could lead to significant mailing costs and create an unfunded mandate.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Delivery of Government Efficiency Apr 9th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Delivery of Government Efficiency Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Department of Justice investigation of these entities.
- And third, it forces governmental entities to...
- Local entity governments. Okay.
- My agency, my entity, we...
But only with government entities?
Bills:
HB111, HB1545, HB2145, HB2467, HB2520, HB4136, HB4181, HB4214, HB4218, HB4219, HB4359, HB4437, HB4822
Keywords:
sunset review, government efficiency, state agencies, regulation, administrative oversight, Texas Sunset Act, electric vehicles, charging stations, state-owned facilities, infrastructure, renewable energy, peace officers, state fire marshal, compensation, law enforcement, benefits, open meetings, transparency, government accountability, public participation
Summary:
The meeting focused on a series of bills, notably HB2467, which aims to address pay disparities for peace officers in the state fire marshal's office. Representative Van Deaver highlighted the critical services provided by these officers, who perform essential law enforcement duties yet face compensation below their counterparts. Witnesses, including those from law enforcement, testified in favor of the bill, emphasizing the need for equitable pay. The committee showed support for the bill, agreeing to leave it pending for further evaluation.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce May 23rd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- There are concerns about new entities.
- Is there any entity, municipality, or city that utilizes blockchain regarding titles?
- Are we going to recognize any entity and say, here you go, set your own insurance rules?
- This bill does not require the entity even to make any filing with the Secretary of State.
- You don't know who owns this entity.
Keywords:
public records, transparency, workforce policies, healthcare access, dental workforce, Texas legislation
Summary:
The meeting focused on various legislative proposals with notable discussions surrounding bills aimed at improving transparency in public information access, adapting workforce policies for state employment, and addressing public health workforce shortages in Texas. The key highlights included HB4214 which seeks to centralize public records request processes for better accessibility, and HB1803 aimed at enhancing the state's dental workforce through participation in a compact with other states. Several members presented arguments highlighting the necessity of these legislative initiatives in light of ongoing economic and social challenges facing Texas. Public testimonies supported these bills, demonstrating stakeholder engagement and community concerns regarding transparency, workforce efficiency, and health access.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on County & Regional Government Mar 17th, 2025 at 10:00 am
House S/C on County & Regional Government
Transcript Highlights:
- Currently, if an entity wishes to contract for police services, the contract has to be approved or may
- You know, you've got a 50% contract, and this entity pays 50%, while the county pays 50%.
- From different entities in the neighborhood. That's why the price should be the same.
- Entity entering into the contract.
- The auditor of these programs is the actual entities entering into them.
Keywords:
law enforcement, sheriff, constable, contracts, county governance, videoconference, county park commissioners, government meetings, public access, legislation, unincorporated communities, grant program, public improvement, rural development, Texas counties, law enforcement, sheriffs, constables, contracts, property owners' associations
Summary:
In this meeting, discussions centered around public safety and law enforcement contracts in unincorporated areas of Harris County. Key bills, including HB336, were examined which aim to allow homeowners and municipal utility districts the right to contract for police services directly, ensuring that these communities have reliable law enforcement amid growing populations. Representatives voiced concerns regarding oversight, fiscal responsibility, and the need for adequate policing coverage, especially as the unincorporated areas continue to expand rapidly without corresponding funding for public safety. Witnesses testified both in support and opposition to the proposed legislation, highlighting the need for accountability and clarity in contracting.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs (Part I) Apr 14th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- Approaches between public entities by adding clarity and
- It improved significantly because of the type of entity we have and what a great.
- , with voting power weighted based on service usage and capped at 25 percent per entity.
- customer class instead of from people or entities who are categorized differently.
- So, a lot of these larger commercial or industrial entities...
Keywords:
water infrastructure, regional collaboration, Senate Bill 1169, water accessibility, Texas Senate Committee, public testimony, small communities, water shortages
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee was notably focused on critical infrastructure bills, particularly dealing with water resource management in Texas. Discussions centered around SB1169, which proposes a regional collaboration model to enhance water accessibility, particularly for small, rural communities facing significant water shortages. Advocates from various sectors provided testimony highlighting the urgency of addressing water supply issues exacerbated by population growth and climate challenges. Senator Hinojosa and other committee members expressed strong support for this initiative, emphasizing the need for expanded solutions and proactive legislation to secure Texas's water future.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
We also talked about other entities trying to look at
- House Bill 4060 gives local taxing entities a powerful optional tool.
- It allows, doesn't mandate, a taxing entity or governmental entity to adopt a sliding scale.
- While this is a smart investment decision by those entities, it has...
- It does so by empowering local taxing entities, counties, school districts, and special districts.
Bills:
HB485, HB1367, HB1370, HB1827, HB1879, HB2032, HB2133, HB2357, HB3581, HB3830, HB4060, HB4085, HB4270, HB4979, HB5217, HB5268, HB5478, HJR96, HJR97, HJR119, HJR195, HJR209, SB4, SB23, SJR2, SJR85
Keywords:
healthcare, insurance, access, affordability, public health, emergency services district, sales tax, gas and electricity, residential use, tax exemption, emergency services, sales tax, gas, electricity, residential use, tax exemption, ad valorem, property tax, residential taxation, local governance
Summary:
The meeting covered several key legislative proposals aimed at enhancing property tax relief and supporting community development initiatives. House Bill 2032, which addresses tax exemptions for disabled veterans, was discussed; the bill proposes a proportional property tax deduction based on disability ratings, helping veterans secure housing stability amidst rising property costs. House Bill 4270 was also introduced to revitalize declining neighborhoods by offering property tax exemptions for young families moving into these areas—an initiative prompted by demographic shifts in urban areas such as El Paso. The discussions emphasized the critical need for fostering sustainable communities and supporting vulnerable populations.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- It's a $33 million loss to the state, biannual gain to the local taxing entities.
- I think those cities and the entities that I mentioned here will do the right thing.
- Raises and all of the like definitely put a chill on the operations of this most important entity.
- This treatment can create unintended financial burdens for entities that play a critical role.
- Right now, we are collecting how much tax from these entities? Zero.
Bills:
HB511, HB972, HB1035, HB2481, HB2723, HB2742, HB2894, HB2962, HB3077, HB3093, HB3307, HB3684, HJR67, HJR72
Keywords:
ad valorem taxation, caregiver exemption, Medicaid, long-term services, tax relief, assisted living, housing support, property tax exemption, caregiver support, Medicaid, residence homestead, tax relief, long-term services, tax exemption, unpaid caregiver, long-term services, Medicaid, residence homestead, state tax code, tax exemption
Summary:
The meeting of the committee explored various bills with significant discussions centered around House Bills like HB8, HB2723, and HB3093. Members expressed concerns about the financial implications of property tax assessments and the impact of unjust appraisals on local government budgets. Representative Cunningham highlighted the urgency of addressing the discrepancies in property tax laws as they relate to non-profit cemeteries, pointing out historical injustices that have led to the loss of community burial sites. Meanwhile, the discussions on HB3093 revolved around ensuring fair taxation practices to reduce financial uncertainties for local governments, emphasizing the need for realistic revenue calculations in budget projections. The committee actively invited public testimonies, illustrating the widespread interest and implications of these legislative efforts.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- So that's the only entity covered in this bill, is that facility which has inpatient care.
- Again, these entities didn't get it in the past, but there were government entities, hospitals, and entities
- So, it also disallows entities that share employees or board members.
- I don't know if there were any issues, but I know that there were some government entities and others
- There were some governmental entities that were getting contracts, and there was a conflict.
Keywords:
mental health, psychiatric beds, healthcare access, acute care, registry, prescription drugs, safe disposal, pilot program, healthcare, opioid epidemic, public health, community outreach, pharmacy, mental health leave, law enforcement, trauma support, workplace policy, employee benefits, mental health, public safety
Summary:
The committee meeting included a range of discussions on various bills, notably focusing on mental health and public safety. Senate Bill 528, aiming to improve accountability in mental health treatment for individuals found incompetent to stand trial, received significant support from public testimonies. Witnesses emphasized the need for better coordination and transparency in service provisions, shedding light on the backlog of individuals requiring forensic mental health services in Texas. Additionally, Senate Bill 1388 was discussed as a means to enhance the Thriving Texas Families Program which supports women and families facing unplanned pregnancies, garnering both endorsements and concerns about its implementation.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Transportation Funding Apr 28th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House S/C on Transportation Funding
Transcript Highlights:
- Rider and Article 11 to provide an additional funding source that helps municipal and governmental entities
- grant, allowing entities that do not have matching funds to
- Under current law, toll entities can proceed with new toll projects without the guaranteed requirement
- This bill would authorize toll entities to convert free lanes of our existing highways as long as they
- It's almost all the local toll entities that do. And it would allow these local toll entities...
Keywords:
vehicle registration, county fee, local governance, referendum, taxation, transit authority, financial obligation, withdrawal, election unit, Texas Transportation Code, veterans, toll discounts, transportation, infrastructure, Texas highways, veteran discount program, toll collection, State Highway 130, transportation funding, Texas Department of Transportation
Summary:
The meeting focused primarily on discussions surrounding several notable bills, particularly concerning toll roads in Texas. Chairman Metcalf introduced HB5346, which aims to establish clear mandates for the cessation of tolling once a project's financial obligations have been satisfied. This bill sparked considerable debate, with proponents arguing for taxpayer fairness and control, while opponents raised concerns about potential perpetual tolls disguised as public votes every five years. Witnesses voiced strong opinions both for and against the measures, highlighting the ongoing tensions over infrastructure funding and user fees.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Telecommunications & Broadband Apr 16th, 2025 at 08:04 am
House S/C on Telecommunications & Broadband
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman, members, under section 191.0525 of the Natural Resources Code, an entity may not begin a project
This is true for all entities except those exempted from
- As of right now, several entities that have utilized federal grants to expand broadband are being required
- In that case, the ruling held that the governmental entity
- was responsible for the payment of those relocation costs, and that the private entity would be subject
Keywords:
telecommunications, local exchange companies, universal service fund, rate maintenance, business expansion, broadband access, internet service, multiunit residential properties, urban areas, affordability programs, fiber-optic cables, public land, construction permits, environmental impact, notification requirements, telecommunications, municipal projects, infrastructure, facility relocation, public right-of-way
Summary:
The Subcommittee on Telecommunications and Broadband convened to discuss several important bills aimed at improving broadband infrastructure and managing the financial responsibilities associated with utility right-of-way relocation. Notably, Chair Morales advocated for HB3953, focused on assessing broadband availability in multifamily housing, highlighting significant gaps observed during the COVID-19 pandemic where families struggled to access necessary internet services for education. Testimonies were provided by various stakeholders, underlining the critical nature of broadband accessibility for vulnerable populations, including low-income families and students.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Exemptions preventing any for-profit entities from benefiting
- Taxing entities provide uniform, easy-to-understand notices
- We have the who covered, but I'm wondering if there's an opportunity for the entity to explain.
- What we're seeing is taxing entities setting their rate at the highest possible...
- And you are one entity. There are many taxing entities that are doing the same thing.
Keywords:
property tax, taxing units, enrollment growth, inflation rate, notice requirements, nonprofit, ad valorem tax, agriculture, youth support, educational support, Texas legislation, voter-approval, tax rate, taxing units, property tax, local government, property tax, HB17, SB10, taxpayer transparency
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on several significant bills, particularly HB17 and SB10, both of which address property tax regulations in Texas. HB17 aims to enhance transparency and accountability in taxpayer notifications regarding property tax rate changes, requiring taxing entities to provide detailed information in notices. The bill received mixed reactions, with some supporting its intention to empower taxpayers while others criticized it as an unfunded mandate. Meanwhile, SB10 proposes to lower the voter approval tax rate for larger municipalities from 3.5% to 2.5%, sparking debates about its potential impact on public safety funding and local governments' financial flexibility. The discussions delved into the challenges posed by budget constraints and the need for efficient local governance in the face of rising costs and public safety demands. Overall, the meeting was well-attended, featuring robust discussions and a variety of perspectives around key legislative initiatives affecting Texas residents.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services May 14th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- I know that it says entity, an entity that delivers or issues for a...
- The entity is clarified in line 11 of the bill. Entity means an entity that delivers or...
- ... such that all entities, all subsidiaries would be considered as one entity for setting their rights
- And the loophole is how you haven't defined 'entity.'
- The TDI says each one is a separate entity.
Bills:
HB107, HB742, HB1639, HB1700, HB2071, HB2187, HB2402, HB2516, HB3211, HB4529, HB5342, HB694, HB923, HB4655
Keywords:
sickle cell disease, registry, health data, confidentiality, healthcare access, human trafficking, first responders, health care, training, reporting, protection, cancer, female firefighters, health study, state health services, fire protection, telemedicine, teledentistry, telehealth, health records
Summary:
The meeting of the committee featured a series of discussions primarily focusing on various bills aimed at enhancing accountability and safety in the healthcare sector. Notable highlights included the passage of HB694, which aims to promote transparency in the operations of the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS) by shortening the notification timeline for significant events from ten days to 48 hours. This bill received unanimous support from all members present, underscoring a strong consensus on improving communication with parents and stakeholders involved in the child welfare system.
Another significant topic was the introduction of HB2187, which seeks to amend and update the existing nursing staffing laws to address emerging challenges faced by healthcare professionals, particularly stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. The bill was presented as a response to the increased burnout rates among nurses and aims to provide a more stable working environment to retain talent in the healthcare sector. The committee took testimony from several experts and stakeholders, highlighting the urgency and importance of these legislative changes.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Apr 9th, 2025 at 10:00 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- the authority of local government to enter into a local contract with certain local governmental entities
SB 924 by Hancock concerns entities that provide cable
SB 924 by Hancock concerns entities that provide cable
- "6732"> SB 17 by Cole-Karce, relating to the purchase or acquisition of real property by certain entities
- Governmental entities to participate in water research or
Bills:
HJR99, HB1399, HB1400, HB1094, HB365, HB1109, HB647, HCR35, SB14, HB12, HB1522, HB422, HB675, HB204, HB748, HB912, HJR99, HB1399, HB1400, HB1094, HB365, HB1109, HB647, HCR35, HCR123, HCR124, HR57, HR87, HR111, HR228, HR230, HR322, HR624, HR625, HR626, HR627, HR628, HR630, HR631, HR634, HR635, HR636, HR637, HR638, HR639, HR640, HR645, HR646, HR648, HR649, HR651, HR652, HR653, HR654, HR664, HR665, HR668, HR675, HR676, HR678, HR679, HR680, HR683, HR686, HR688, HR689, HR694, HR695, HR697, HR698, HR699, HR472, HR622, HR632, HR633, HR643, HR655, HR657, HR660, HR661, HR662, HR663, HR667, HR670, HR674, HR681, HR682, HR696
Keywords:
animal feed, tax exemption, ad valorem taxation, retail, constitutional amendment, animal feed, ad valorem taxation, tax exemption, retail sale, tangible personal property, Texas tax code, groundwater, water conservation, financial assistance, Texas Water Development Board, innovation fund, local conservation districts, transportation protection agreement, funeral services, insurance exemption
Summary:
In this meeting, significant discussions took place surrounding various bills aimed at improving state operations and addressing public concerns. Notably, HB204 was passed, which deals with the annual salary of certain state prosecutors and was presented by Mr. Tepper. The committee also engaged heavily with HB748, titled Trey's Law, which seeks to end the use of non-disclosure agreements in cases of sexual abuse against minors. The bill received a strong response from the members, reflecting a growing concern for child's rights within the legislature. Furthermore, the committee deliberated on HB912, focused on compensation for renewable generation owners, and moved forward with discussions about infrastructure funding reforms, illustrated by SB14's passage.