Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'U.S. foreign policy'
Page 30 of 53
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Justice May 22nd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- assault survivors to have Sexual Assault Examination Kits tested by the Department of Public Safety for foreign
- data-time="2880"> at which cybercriminals move assets and internet service providers' data retention policies
This includes policy recommendations, including the
The task force has crafted these policy recommendations
- Hopefully, we can come to an agreement that's good policy and still maintains the integrity of our legal
Keywords:
legal reforms, public safety, house bills, sexual violence, law enforcement, consent definition, criminal justice, victim protection
Summary:
The meeting of the committee was marked by extensive discussions on various bills, focusing primarily on enhancing legal measures and protections in criminal cases. Notable among the discussions was HB3073, known as the Summer Willis Act, which aims to provide a clearer statutory definition of consent regarding sexual violence. The bill received overwhelming support as it seeks to close existing gaps in Texas law to better protect survivors. Additionally, HB1871, which increases penalties for attempted capital murder of a peace officer, was presented by Senator Schwartner, emphasizing the need for stronger deterrents against attacks on law enforcement officials. The committee moved several bills to the full Senate with favorable recommendations, showcasing a unified effort towards legislative progress in public safety and survivor protections.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- span marker="25" data-time="144">We have one witness registered, John Banura from the Texas Public Policy
- I'm a policy analyst with the Texas Public Policy Foundation
- I'm Amanda Possen, a senior policy analyst at Every Texan.
- So, really, at the federal level, it's bipartisan from the U.S.
- You know, these are all actions that the U.S.
Keywords:
monuments, memorials, public property, historical significance, civil penalties, local governance, project financing zone, municipal tax revenue, convention centers, multipurpose arenas, infrastructure development, hike and bike trails, outdoor recreation, environmental stewardship, Bicentennial Trail, Texas history, cultural heritage, unemployment benefits, eligibility, Texas Workforce Commission
Summary:
The meeting was marked by an extensive discussion of several bills aimed at enhancing Texas' economic landscape and infrastructure. Notably, SB2925 focused on modernizing the state's manufacturing sector by promoting automation and digital technology, which received strong support from industry representatives, emphasizing its potential job growth impact. Public testimonies reflected a consensus on the need for Texas to lead in innovation to remain competitive in the manufacturing arena. Furthermore, SB1520, which seeks to create the Texas Bicentennial Trail, also garnered significant support, particularly for its vision of connecting historical sites across Texas without resorting to private property condemnation. The committee faced a good turnout of stakeholders, which added depth to the discussions.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Different insurers have different policies of when they update it.
I think this is sound policy and urge the committee
- I think this calls for clear policies to ensure that those who are widowed are not disproportionately
If the bill passes, the U.S.
- ...by a group called the U.S.
Bills:
HB712, HB722, HB946, HB1687, HB1809, HB1899, HB2528, HB2583, HB2741, HB2750, HB3021, HB3150, HB3265, HB3658, HB3812, HB3960, HB4392, HB4432
Keywords:
prostate cancer, health benefit plans, insurance coverage, cost sharing, preventive health care, auto insurance, total loss evaluation, disclosure, insurance materials, vehicle appraisal, health benefits, out-of-pocket expenses, government employees, deductibles, medical services, fireworks, public safety, age requirement, permits, occupational licenses
Summary:
The meeting of the committee included discussions concerning various bills primarily related to insurance policies, their regulations, and procedures. Notably, HB3812 was introduced to further streamline the prior authorization process in healthcare, enhancing the ease for practitioners to receive approvals for common procedures. The committee also deliberated over HB2213, which focused on the restructuring of the board of directors for the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association, and there was broad consensus to move it forward. Several other bills, such as HB2518, addressing installment premium payment plans for windstorm insurance, were also discussed and moved to be reported favorably without amendments.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Congressional Redistricting, Select Jul 26th, 2025 at 11:07 am
Transcript Highlights:
- , then maybe come up with better policies.
- Strengthen environmental policies.
- You know your policies are unpopular.
- We have seen the harm this policy caused in Texas when our state adopted that six-month enrollment policy
- Again, if these policies are so popular...
Keywords:
redistricting, representation, public testimony, Congressional Districts, gerrymandering, Voting Rights Act, community engagement
Summary:
The House Select Committee on Congressional Redistricting convened to discuss a revised congressional redistricting plan as part of a special session. The meeting focused on public testimony regarding potential revisions to the redistricting map due to concerns about representation for Congressional Districts 2, 7, 8, and 9. Several witnesses testified against the proposed changes, expressing worries about gerrymandering and the disproportionate impact on minority communities. Notably, Deborah Allen, a former city council member, implored the committee members to heed the concerns of constituents who fear losing representation during this critical redistricting process. The atmosphere was charged as multiple lawmakers and public members voiced their frustrations about the perceived political motives driving the redistricting efforts rather than addressing urgent local needs.
The committee faced questions regarding the lack of concrete maps available for public commentary, raising concerns about transparency in the redistricting process. Some members argued that the hearings should prioritize community engagement across the state rather than being limited to a few locations. Various testimonies highlighted fears that the redistricting plan might undermine the gains made in voter representation, particularly among marginalized groups. As the meeting concluded, it became clear that the committee might need to hold further hearings to ensure the public's voice was adequately represented before moving forward with any decisions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 19th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Texas remains the number one state for manufactured exports now in the U.S. for 21 years running.
- I'm Larry French with the Texas Public Policy Foundation, testifying in support of House Bill 1400.
- The banking legacy has passed through the U.S. since 2020.
- This country is floating almost north from the international boundary into the U.S.
- We thank Representative Guillen for his thoughtful policy.
Keywords:
coastal protection, environmental management, Gulf Coast, storm risk management, funding, Texas General Land Office, healthcare, insurance reform, patient access, insurance regulation, affordable care, health insurance, consumer rights, coverage transparency, claims process, insurance regulations, aggregate production, environmental impact, financial responsibility, reclamation
Summary:
The committee meeting addressed critical water infrastructure issues, focusing primarily on H.J.R. 7 and HB 1400. Members emphasized the urgent need for dedicated funding to tackle Texas's impending water crisis, as population growth and drought significantly strain current water resources. Notable discussions included testimonies from representatives of the Environmental Defense Fund and the Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts, who expressed strong support for these bills, underlining their importance in improving groundwater management and funding scientific approaches to water conservation. The committee highlighted the necessity of equipping groundwater conservation districts with resources to ensure robust groundwater science and research.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- is not what ought to be driving policy for the state of Texas
- Guide Texas policy.
A study just came out, the Ethics and Public Policy
- The U.S. Supreme Court, this is a matter of record.
- This was in 2024, and they were in front of the U.S. Supreme Court.
Keywords:
sex designation, restroom access, civil penalties, private civil right of action, women's privacy, campground safety, youth camp regulations, flood safety, emergency evacuation, health and safety standards, disaster relief, flood preparedness, emergency funding, local government support, meteorological forecasting, abortion, healthcare, jurisdiction, civil action, qui tam
Summary:
The committee meeting primarily focused on the discussion and passage of several significant bills, including HB20, which aims to prevent and reduce fraudulent charitable solicitations during disasters. Representative Perry highlighted the importance of this bill in ensuring that legitimate organizations receive donations while deterring scams that occur in the aftermath of disasters. The bill was passed unanimously with discussions around its necessity and the impact on victims of fraud. Further, House Bill 18 was discussed concerning penalties for legislators attempting to break quorum, a topic that stirred some debate on legislative integrity and rules enforcement. Members voiced varying opinions on the implications of the bill, leading to its eventual passage amid objections from some members who raised concerns about its enforcement mechanisms and potential for misuse.
Overall, the meeting was well-attended, with members actively debating key issues while striving for legislative progress on these critical bills. The audience included public stakeholders who expressed their views, showcasing the engagement between legislators and constituents on pressing matters.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
Three, discrimination against non-U.S. workers.
The U.S.
- Has President Trump issued an executive order reversing those policies?
- I respectfully ask you to consider the long-term policy implications.
- It was showing that by 2030, we would grow our peak demand in the U.S.
Bills:
HB1951, HB2715, HB3092, HB3237, HB3278, HB3511, HB3592, HB3675, HB3778, HB3782, HB3826, HB3970, HB4016, HB4049, HB4341, HB4344, HB4406, HB4427
Keywords:
collective bargaining, public works, government contracts, labor agreements, state funding, removal from office, political subdivisions, local government, judicial proceedings, administrative judicial region, electric transmission, public convenience, landowner consent, utility regulation, energy infrastructure, energy consumption, higher education, governmental entities, sustainability, electricity reduction
Summary:
The committee meeting centered around several bills, most notably House Bill 1951, which provoked significant debate among members and public witnesses concerning the implications of project labor agreements (PLAs) for public works projects in Texas. Advocates for the bill argued that it aimed to create a more competitive environment for bidding on government contracts, thereby ensuring taxpayer dollars were spent effectively. Opponents, including labor representatives and apprentices, voiced concerns that the removal of PLAs could jeopardize worker safety, fair wages, and job opportunities for local craftsmen, particularly those engaged in union and apprenticeship programs. Testimonies from various workers highlighted the critical role PLAs play in maintaining quality standards and accountability in public infrastructure projects.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Articles I, IV, & V Feb 26th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Articles I, IV, & V
Transcript Highlights:
- Our old traditional narcotic methods of following people in vehicles in neighborhoods, foreign market
Keywords:
Texas Department of Public Safety, driver's license backlog, recruitment, public safety, border security, crime rates, data breach, infrastructure
Summary:
The meeting primarily focused on the operations and budgetary recommendations for the Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS). Key discussions included addressing the backlog of driver's licenses, recruitment challenges within the department, and strategies to enhance public safety amidst rising crime rates and border security issues. Representatives discussed specific budget requests aimed at improving infrastructure, recruiting more officers, and enhancing technological capabilities to better handle crime data and public safety operations. The urgency of training law enforcement personnel and the need for modernized facilities were also highlighted as critical issues.
A significant portion of the meeting was dedicated to reviewing the impacts of the recent data breach involving driver's licenses and the measures installed post-incident to protect personal data. Public comments reflected support and concerns about the ongoing challenges DPS faces in managing resources and expectations related to law enforcement and public service. The meeting concluded with plans to reconvene for further discussions on the proposed initiatives.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Disaster Preparedness & Flooding, Select Aug 5th, 2025 at 03:08 pm
House Disaster Preparedness & Flooding, Select Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- You're here on behalf of the Texas chapter of the U.S.
- First off, there are several groups, including the U.S.
- Kenneth Flippen, you're testifying on behalf of the Texas Chapter of the U.S.
- Flippen, you're testifying on behalf of the Texas Chapter of the U.S.
- Again, Ken Flippen, Texas Chapter of the U.S. Green Building Council. Just a few suggestions.
Keywords:
emergency management, communication, interoperability, grant program, local governments, first responders, Texas Interoperability Council, disaster response, emergency management, mass fatality, justices of the peace, training program, volunteer management, criminal history check, emergency communication, funding, comptroller, public safety, infrastructure, flood disaster
Summary:
The meeting focused heavily on disaster preparedness and management strategies in response to recent catastrophic events in Texas, particularly concerning House Bills related to flood response and communication infrastructure. Notably, House Bill 19 was introduced to mandate that campgrounds in flood-prone areas develop actionable flood plans to ensure safety during emergencies. Stakeholders voiced strong support for the bill, emphasizing its importance for child safety in recreational areas. Additionally, House Bill 18 aimed at improving emergency communication systems received considerable attention, as members raised concerns about the need for efficient and interoperable communication during disasters. Similar themes of ensuring preparedness and safeguarding communities were echoed throughout the discussions, with experts and witnesses providing impactful testimony on the challenges confronted during recent flooding incidents in Kerr County.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII Feb 27th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII
Transcript Highlights:
- Turning to Section 3, Selected and Fiscal Policy Issues, it is on page five.
- That's according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
The U.S.
And so that's the U.S.
- We work on water policy here in Texas.
Keywords:
Gulf Coast Protection District, Alamo funding, infrastructure, environmental initiatives, public testimony
Summary:
The committee meeting addressed several pressing issues, notably focusing on funding appropriations for the Gulf Coast Protection District and infrastructure projects, including the Alamo complex. Members expressed concerns over budget constraints, with requests for substantial funds aimed at supporting environmental initiatives and the upcoming biennium. Discussion points included the efficacy of previous funding and the anticipated impact of new capital on local communities. Public testimony was encouraged at various intervals throughout the meeting, adding robust dialogue amongst members and stakeholders.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- is a bill that seeks to leverage the border security expertise from my service in the Army and the U.S
- Trump's executive order recently invoked the guarantee clause of Article Four, Section Four of the U.S
- I also want to name that this bill fundamentally contradicts the principles recognized by the U.S.
- I am the Director of Policy and Governmental Relations for the City of Galveston.
- An estimated 65 percent of the U.S. prison population has an active substance use disorder.
Bills:
SB476, SB664, SB745, SB826, SB989, SB1080, SB1171, SB1320, SB1437, SB1727, SB1809, SB2289, SB2320
Keywords:
education, funding, school infrastructure, public schools, teacher support, intoxication manslaughter, criminal penalties, ignition interlock devices, youth offenders, vehicular homicide, criminal history, court officials, background check, bail determination, Texas judiciary, occupational license, criminal conviction, provisional license, licensing authority, educational programs
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Criminal Justice convened to address pressing issues surrounding oil field crime and safety on Texas highways. The meeting was initiated by Chair Flores, who emphasized the need for improved tools to combat repeat offenders having committed intoxicated driving, alongside tackling oil field theft that has escalated due to organized criminal activities. The committee heard public testimonies and engaged with various stakeholders, including law enforcement and industry representatives, who highlighted the complexities and dangers associated with these crimes. Notably, a significant focus was placed on Senate Bill 1320, which aims to establish a dedicated unit within the Department of Public Safety to investigate and address thefts specific to the oil and gas industry. This initiative seeks to strengthen coordination among various law enforcement agencies and improve training for local officers to combat these sophisticated theft operations more effectively.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Article III Feb 27th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Article III
Transcript Highlights:
- U.S.
- across the U.S.
- The U.S., and specifically Texas scientists, must invest in AI research to ensure that we maintain a
- I mean, yes, sir, the U.S. Space Force is already bringing people there.
- We provide appreciation for art history, U.S. history, and U.S. government classes.
Keywords:
workforce development, health services, veterinary care, community colleges, emergency management
Summary:
The committee convened to discuss critical funding and legislative matters regarding various state initiatives, notably focusing on workforce development, health services, and emergency management. The discussions revealed the heightened importance of supporting community colleges and addressing workforce shortages in healthcare, especially considering the increased demand for veterinary services as pet ownership rose due to the pandemic. Representatives from various organizations presented their requests for funding, emphasizing the necessity of enhancing educational outcomes and preparedness programs.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
Senate Special Committee on Congressional Redistricting Aug 21st, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- I am very proud of the work that the U.S. House has done and the...
- ...the President and the U.S.
- ...in the U.S.
- And so I want to maintain a Republican majority and hopefully increase a Republican majority in the U.S
- think all the work that the Trump administration has been doing, I think all of those issues and policies
Keywords:
redistricting, HB4, SB4, congressional districts, public testimony, Senate committee, political implications
Summary:
The meeting of the special committee on congressional redistricting was convened to discuss and vote on HB4, a key bill aimed at revising congressional district maps in Texas. Chairman King presented the bill, which is a companion to SB4 that had already passed out of the Senate. The discussion focused on minor differences between HB4 and SB4, primarily revolving around the political implications of the proposed changes. Several senators highlighted concerns over the lack of public testimony for the amendments, raising questions about the inclusiveness of the redistricting process. The committee ultimately voted to report HB4 favorably to the Senate, with a narrow vote of 5 to 3. This spirited debate underscored the contentious nature of redistricting and its impact on electoral outcomes.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Natural Resources Aug 11th, 2025 at 01:08 pm
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- This effort is in coordination with the U.S. Geological Survey, USGS.
The U.S.
- The Texas Water Development Board is talking about the policy recommendations regarding those drainage
- ="718" data-time="4302">Well, whatever programs you currently have, but it is part of one of your policy
- I just need to refresh my policy.
Keywords:
flood mitigation, water management, Delta Project, infrastructure, community impact, legislative response, flood infrastructure fund, climate adaptation
Summary:
The meeting of the committee emphasized the urgent need for effective flood mitigation strategies in response to recent severe flooding events in South Texas. Local officials, including Commissioner David Fuentes and General Manager Raul Sassin, presented the devastating impacts of heavy rainfall that inundated homes, destroyed infrastructure, and led to significant loss of life. They discussed the importance of projects like the Delta Region Water Management initiative, which aims to manage stormwater effectively while also addressing future water supply challenges. The legislators reiterated the legislature's ongoing commitment to funding and implementing robust flood management policies, underscoring the significance of community involvement in these efforts. The discussions also highlighted innovative approaches to capturing floodwaters for potable use as part of a broader water management strategy.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Article III Feb 25th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Article III
Transcript Highlights:
- It was ranked in the top 10 this past year by U.S.
- It also ranks among the highest in the U.S.
- The $4.79 million U.S.
- My name is Nicole Malone, and I am a mental health policy...
- I'm a policy fellow with the Hogg Foundation for Mental Health.
Keywords:
mental health, loan repayment program, funding, Behavioral Health Innovation Grant, rural communities, higher education, testimony, legislative changes
Summary:
The meeting focused on key funding initiatives related to mental health and higher education in Texas, highlighting the importance of sustaining the loan repayment program for mental health professionals. Public testimony underscored a significant 600% increase in applications resulting from recent funding and legislative changes, positioning Texas as a critical area for addressing mental health provider shortages, particularly in rural communities. The discussion also touched on the Behavioral Health Innovation Grant Program, which remains unfunded despite its potential to further strengthen the state’s workforce pipeline.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- creating a single standardized definition, the bill enhances clarity and supports more effective policy
- If you look at the U.S. consumer. For the U.S.
- or the U.S.
Keywords:
border region, infrastructure, economic development, government operations, education, historical documents, Texas Constitution, Texas Declaration of Independence, Alamo, cultural preservation, Texas-Mexico border, apprenticeship program, information technology, historic preservation, economic development, public testimony
Summary:
The meeting of the Economic Development Committee featured extensive discussions on several bills focused on streamlining processes, improving technology education, and preserving historical sites. House Bill 1240 was presented to unify the definition of the Texas-Mexico border region, which drew no objections during the public testimony segment. Another significant bill discussed was HB2768, aimed at establishing an IT apprenticeship credential to address workforce shortages in state government, indicating a proactive approach to enhancing the state's technical capabilities. The chair emphasized the importance of these initiatives in bolstering both education and economic capacity within Texas.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- The store must be located in a low or moderate income area as determined by the U.S.
- Members, HB 5217 represents prudent fiscal policy and a commitment to fairness.
- I represent the Texas Public Policy Foundation.
- You're testifying on behalf of the Texas Public Policy Foundation.
Kenneth Flippen, Texas Chapter of U.S.
Bills:
HB485, HB1367, HB1370, HB1827, HB1879, HB2032, HB2133, HB2357, HB3581, HB3830, HB4060, HB4085, HB4270, HB4979, HB5217, HB5268, HB5478, HJR96, HJR97, HJR119, HJR195, HJR209, SB4, SB23, SJR2, SJR85
Keywords:
healthcare, insurance, access, affordability, public health, emergency services district, sales tax, gas and electricity, residential use, tax exemption, emergency services, sales tax, gas, electricity, residential use, tax exemption, ad valorem, property tax, residential taxation, local governance
Summary:
The meeting covered several key legislative proposals aimed at enhancing property tax relief and supporting community development initiatives. House Bill 2032, which addresses tax exemptions for disabled veterans, was discussed; the bill proposes a proportional property tax deduction based on disability ratings, helping veterans secure housing stability amidst rising property costs. House Bill 4270 was also introduced to revitalize declining neighborhoods by offering property tax exemptions for young families moving into these areas—an initiative prompted by demographic shifts in urban areas such as El Paso. The discussions emphasized the critical need for fostering sustainable communities and supporting vulnerable populations.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- We stand tall for the U.S. and Texas flags.
- We stand hand over heart for the National Anthem and the U.S. and Texas pledges.
- My name is Gabe Grantham, and I serve as the public education policy advisor at Texas 2036.
- I'm the Director of Public Policy and Advocacy for the Arc of Texas.
- I know I'm going to try to be fast, but a quote from a U.S.
Bills:
HB2
Keywords:
public education, teacher compensation, certification, funding, school finance, educator rights, education funding, charter schools, staff compensation, state aid, retention allotment, HB2, public education, special education funding, pre-K eligibility, teacher compensation
Summary:
The meeting focused prominently on the discussions surrounding HB2, which entails significant investments in public education and aims to reform funding mechanisms to better support students and teachers. Multiple stakeholders, including educators and policymakers, conveyed their support while also voicing concerns about the bill's potential shortcomings. Witnesses discussed the urgent need for increased funding for special education and the necessity of expanding pre-K eligibility for students with disabilities. The testimony highlighted the historical context of the funding model and emphasized the importance of creating equitable solutions for all public school districts.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Energy Resources May 12th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Energy Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- I know the Comptroller's office is here; there are also a lot of tax implications on the U.S. and the
- What is the percentage of them being Mexican drivers versus U.S. drivers?
- But I was wondering how many of them are actually U.S. CDL drivers.
- on U.S. highways or Texas highways.
- So if I heard you correctly, it's like maybe on the U.S. side, it's like let's travel at 80,000.
Keywords:
LP-gas, property owner notice, natural resources, gas installations, safety notification, HB2, SB2949, fuel regulations, gas facilities, Texas-Mexico border, public safety, illegal fuel operations
Summary:
The meeting featured robust discussions surrounding several bills, particularly focusing on HB2 and SB2949, which aim to establish better regulations for gas facilities and address concerns over fuel transportation. Representative Rosenthal introduced HB2, explaining its intent to improve protocols for gas installations, and shared a personal account of safety concerns that arose from similar incidents in his area. SB2949 was discussed with emphasis on curbing illegal fuel operations while protecting legitimate trade across the Texas-Mexico border. The bill drew attention due to a rise in fuel-related crimes and the need for effective tracking of fuel movements. Both bills left pending, highlighting the committee's commitment to revisiting and refining the proposed measures.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Feb 19th, 2025 at 10:02 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- /span>
When we inevitably run out of time to provide the policy
- bills, such as establishing the first program to assist women and minority-owned businesses in the U.S
- It's my honor today to have Brooke Rollins, the U.S.
- Her on our appointment as the U.S.
- The organization also works with partners across the state to advance smart environmental policy that
Keywords:
community recognition, healthcare, Audubon Texas, public service, resolution adoption, Delta Xi Chapter, Texas FFA Day
Summary:
The meeting featured a range of resolutions being discussed, with many representatives emphasizing the importance of various community celebrations across the state. Notable mentions included HR288 recognizing Medical City Dallas Hospital for its contributions to healthcare, and HR273 honoring Delta Xi Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority at the University of Texas for its historic significance and community work. The discussion emphasized praise for local organizations contributing to healthcare, education, and cultural heritage.